{"id":171,"date":"2026-10-13T10:56:19","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T10:56:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/?page_id=171"},"modified":"2026-10-13T16:01:23","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T16:01:23","slug":"ecosystem-integrity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/","title":{"rendered":"Ecosystem integrity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Nexus network page \u00b7 https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/ \u00b7 source authored \u00b7 generated by integrations\/wordpress\/network\/build.mjs, never edit this file --><script type=\"text\/x-nexus\" class=\"_iub_cs_skip\" id=\"nxe-fig-engine\" 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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nv3a2ogf.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-hero\" data-layout=\"editorial\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-title-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-folio\" aria-label=\"Document reference\"><strong>G05 \u00b7 TOPIC \u00b7 ecosystem-integrity<\/strong>GCRI dossier \u00b7 service level R0<\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Established<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Topic dossier \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Ecosystem integrity<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Ecosystem integrity is the degree to which an ecosystem's composition, structure and function remain within the range of its natural variation. Integrity erodes gradually through degradation, then can collapse when a threshold is crossed: a reef that shifts to algae, a forest edge that becomes savanna, a clear lake that turns turbid. This page sets out how condition is measured against a reference, how thresholds are recognised, and what the evidence can and cannot tell the authorities that manage land and sea.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\" data-variant=\"contents\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>In this dossier<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">7 parts<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">In brief<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">The short answer<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Ecosystem integrity: how the risk develops<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Key terms<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Terms used on this page<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">What is measured, and how well<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Canvas<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">From sources to decisions<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Where the evidence comes from<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Decisions<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-register-foot\">GCRI \u00b7 Established \u00b7 service level R0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span>01<\/span>The short answer<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span>02<\/span>Landscapes and remoteness in the\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-s-4-sec\"><span>03<\/span>LEAP workspace, in outline<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span>04<\/span>Ecosystem integrity: how the risk\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span>05<\/span>Terms used on this page<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span>06<\/span>What is measured, and how well<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span>07<\/span>From sources to decisions<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span>08<\/span>Where the evidence comes from<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <section id=\"nx-sec-brief-answer\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In brief<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The short answer.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Ecosystem integrity is the degree to which an ecosystem's composition, structure and function stay within the range of its natural variation. It erodes gradually through degradation and can collapse when a threshold is crossed, such as a reef shifting to algae. Condition is measured against a reference state and assessed with the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Landscapes and remoteness in the Hindu Kush Himalaya.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Mountain ranges, deserts, wetlands, glaciers and reefs, and how remote each division is from large cities, shown for the Hindu Kush Himalaya as an example geography for this subject.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-map nx-cmap\" data-nx-map=\"ctx\" data-cmap=\"himalaya:biodiversity\" data-ramp=\"green\" data-basis=\"case\" data-focus=\"0 0 2000 1020|673 0 2000 853|107 284 1812 1020|114 164 608 784|760 644 1257 923\"><figure class=\"nx-fk\" data-fk=\"map-himalaya-biodiversity\" data-ramp=\"green\" 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\"><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Mountain ranges, deserts, wetlands, glaciers and reefs, and how remote each division is from large cities.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Indicator derived from Natural Earth at map scale; a screening view, not an assessment.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Biodiversity Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-map-hud\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus \u00b7 field<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-map-hud-right\">DESIGN FIGURE<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-4-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Console<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">LEAP workspace, in outline.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The working screen behind this subject: its structure, terms and states. Names are placeholders and values illustrative.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-biodiversity-leap\" data-cx=\"biodiversity.leap\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"LEAP workspace: illustrative console with placeholder names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">LEAP workspace<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Ecosystem integrity \u00b7 Landscape A \u00b7 Assessment cycle 1<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure's values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Evaluate phase<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"6\" data-t=\"steps\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">LEAP approach<\/h4><\/div><\/div><ol class=\"nx-cx-steps\" data-n=\"4\"><li data-st=\"done\"><span class=\"nx-cx-sn\">Locate<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-snote\">interface with nature<\/span><\/li><li data-st=\"now\"><span class=\"nx-cx-sn\">Evaluate<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-snote\">dependencies \u00b7 impacts<\/span><\/li><li data-st=\"todo\"><span class=\"nx-cx-sn\">Assess<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-snote\">risks \u00b7 opportunities<\/span><\/li><li data-st=\"todo\"><span class=\"nx-cx-sn\">Prepare<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-snote\">respond \u00b7 report<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"matrix\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Dependencies and impacts<\/h4><p class=\"nx-fk-panel-sub\">materiality, 0 low to 100 high<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-chart\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 422 166\" width=\"422\" height=\"166\" role=\"img\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-label=\"Dependencies and impacts\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-biodiversity-leap-heat\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"nx-fk-note\">Scores are placeholders for an assessment the owner completes.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"map\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Sensitive locations<\/h4><p class=\"nx-fk-panel-sub\">sites near high-integrity areas<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-map\"><svg class=\"nx-cx-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 480 250\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Sensitive locations: schematic on placeholder geography. Illustrative.\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"cx-sea\" width=\"480\" height=\"250\" rx=\"4\"\/><path class=\"cx-land\" d=\"M440.4 125l-10.5 33.6-34.4 29.8-33.8 39-85.9-3.6-68.4-8.8-74.3 0-44.2-28.4-57.8-24.6-21.6-37 55.8-30.9 21.4-31.6 44-29.5 71.6-12 76.1-2 63.9 19.9 63.4 18.5 11.6 36.2z\"\/><path class=\"cx-haz2\" d=\"M393.6 112.5l-17.8 26.1-16 33.7-51.7-6.9-40.8-5.8-27-21-31.4-26.1 19.7-30.6 36-19.6 43.5-8.3 42.2 9.7 20.1 24.8z\"\/><circle class=\"cx-site-hot\" cx=\"397.7\" cy=\"93.3\" r=\"3.4\"\/><circle class=\"cx-site-hot\" cx=\"134.9\" cy=\"179.9\" r=\"7.5\"\/><circle class=\"cx-site-hot\" cx=\"306.4\" cy=\"80.2\" r=\"6.6\"\/><circle class=\"cx-site-hot\" cx=\"118.8\" cy=\"52.4\" r=\"7.4\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"195.6\" cy=\"40.5\" r=\"5.4\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"204.2\" cy=\"133.8\" r=\"5.0\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"113.7\" cy=\"70.3\" r=\"4.7\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"340.3\" cy=\"160.9\" r=\"5.7\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"165.3\" cy=\"81.4\" r=\"4.6\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"260.9\" cy=\"83.1\" r=\"4.8\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"254.4\" cy=\"163.8\" r=\"3.3\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"342.5\" cy=\"81.4\" r=\"7.3\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"124.4\" cy=\"191.1\" r=\"6.1\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"251.8\" cy=\"202.3\" r=\"3.7\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"226.3\" cy=\"60.3\" r=\"6.3\"\/><circle class=\"cx-node\" cx=\"400.9\" cy=\"150.7\" r=\"7.2\"\/><text class=\"cx-lbl-s\" x=\"464\" y=\"236\" text-anchor=\"end\">Circle: site footprint \u00b7 shaded: sensitive area<\/text><g class=\"cx-north\"><path d=\"M458 30 L463 18 L468 30 Z\"\/><text class=\"cx-lbl-s\" x=\"463\" y=\"42\" text-anchor=\"middle\">N<\/text><\/g><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"6\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Nature-related risk register<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-biodiversity-leap-t3\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-biodiversity-leap-t3\" aria-label=\"Nature-related risk register\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Risk<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Type<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Driver<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">Likelihood<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c4\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c4\">Response<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-leap:r3-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Water scarcity at site 3<\/td><td>Physical, acute<\/td><td>Abstraction and drought<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>High<\/span><\/td><td>Water stewardship plan<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-leap:r3-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Habitat conversion in supply chain<\/td><td>Transition, market<\/td><td>Land use change<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Medium<\/span><\/td><td>Supplier screening<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-leap:r3-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Community objection<\/td><td>Systemic, social<\/td><td>Consent gaps<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Medium<\/span><\/td><td>Consent records review<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-leap:r3-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Pollinator decline<\/td><td>Physical, chronic<\/td><td>Pesticide use<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Low<\/span><\/td><td>Monitor<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>LEAP workspace: the screen's structure, terms and states for Ecosystem integrity.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Placeholder names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Ecosystem integrity: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Habitat condition and ecological thresholds. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 22h14\"\/><path d=\"M5 2h14\"\/><path d=\"M17 22v-4.172a2 2 0 0 0-.586-1.414L12 12l-4.414 4.414A2 2 0 0 0 7 17.828V22\"\/><path d=\"M7 2v4.172a2 2 0 0 0 .586 1.414L12 12l4.414-4.414A2 2 0 0 0 17 6.172V2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Degradation accumulates quietly<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Logging, grazing, pollution, invasive species and altered fire or flow regimes each remove a little structure or function. Condition declines long before extent does, so an ecosystem can look intact on a land-cover map while losing its species and processes.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 12h-2.48a2 2 0 0 0-1.93 1.46l-2.35 8.36a.25.25 0 0 1-.48 0L9.24 2.18a.25.25 0 0 0-.48 0l-2.35 8.36A2 2 0 0 1 4.49 12H2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Thresholds and regime shifts<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Reinforcing feedbacks hold an ecosystem in one state until a driver pushes it past a threshold. Shallow lakes, kelp forests, coral reefs and rainforest margins can flip to a degraded state that persists even after the pressure eases.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"4.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m10.2 6.3-3.9 3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"4.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"M7 12h10\"\/><circle cx=\"19.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m13.8 17.7 3.9-3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"19.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Pressures compound<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Warming, nutrient enrichment, fragmentation and harvesting interact. A reef weakened by runoff recovers more slowly from a marine heatwave; a fragmented forest dries and burns more readily. Combined effects are often larger than the sum of their parts.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"2\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"9\" y=\"2\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><path d=\"M5 16v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h12a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3\"\/><path d=\"M12 12V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Loss propagates to people<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Lost integrity reduces the services ecosystems supply: water regulation, soil stability, fisheries, pollination and carbon storage. Those reductions reach water utilities, farms, insurers and lenders through supply chains, asset values and public budgets.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"inset\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Ecosystem condition<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The quality of an ecosystem measured by its abiotic and biotic characteristics against a reference, as SEEA Ecosystem Accounting defines it.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Regime shift<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A large, persistent change in an ecosystem's structure and function after a threshold is crossed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Red List of Ecosystems<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The IUCN standard for assessing the risk of ecosystem collapse, with categories from least concern to collapsed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Biodiversity Intactness Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">An estimate of the average abundance of originally present species in an area relative to an undisturbed reference.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Ecosystem extent by type<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">square kilometres per Global Ecosystem Typology unit<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Satellite classification and national maps<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Biodiversity Intactness Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of reference-state abundance<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">periodic<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Statistical model on compiled field surveys<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Forest Landscape Integrity Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">dimensionless index<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">periodic<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Remote sensing of pressures and connectivity<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Red List of Ecosystems risk category<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">category from least concern to collapsed<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">IUCN Red List of Ecosystems assessments<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Ecosystem condition index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">dimensionless, relative to reference condition<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per accounting period<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">SEEA Ecosystem Accounting condition accounts<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Human footprint<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">dimensionless pressure score<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">periodic<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Mapped settlement, roads, land use and night lights<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Early warning signals of transition<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">variance and autocorrelation of a state variable<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per time series<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Long-term monitoring series<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pipeline\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">From sources to decisions.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The topic as a computational graph: named sources feed the methods, an evidence review gates the outputs, and the decisions stay with the authorities that hold them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Pipeline canvas<\/strong> \u00b7 Ecosystem integrity as a run graph<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-figure nx-ui nx-dag\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 564\" data-nx-dag=\"true\" data-w=\"1200\" data-h=\"564\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-dag-g05-topics-ecosystem-integrity-leap-t nx-dag-g05-topics-ecosystem-integrity-leap-d\" 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id=\"nx-dag-g05-topics-ecosystem-integrity-leap-t\">Ecosystem integrity: the LEAP approach to nature-related issues<\/title><desc id=\"nx-dag-g05-topics-ecosystem-integrity-leap-d\">Locate the interface with nature and sensitive locations, Evaluate dependencies and impacts, Assess the risks and opportunities they create, and Prepare strategy, targets and disclosure. Design of the process, not a record of a run.<\/desc><\/svg><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig. 02<\/strong><span>Nodes carry their type, two metric rows and a state; connectors show what feeds what; dashed frames name the owners; the timeline is the cadence. Design of the pipeline, not a record of a run.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IUCN Red List of Ecosystems<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Risk-of-collapse assessments of ecosystem types against standard criteria<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free for non-commercial use, terms of use<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">A hierarchical classification of ecosystem functional groups across all realms<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Biodiversity Intactness Index (Natural History Museum, PREDICTS)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Modelled intactness of local species assemblages from compiled field studies<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Forest Landscape Integrity Index<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Forest condition from observed pressures, inferred pressures and lost connectivity<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">ESA WorldCover and Copernicus Land Monitoring Service<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Land cover and change for ecosystem extent<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National ecosystem accounts under SEEA<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Extent and condition accounts compiled by national statistical offices<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per agency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">International Long Term Ecological Research network<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Multi-decade site measurements of ecosystem state and processes<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Terms per site<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Biodiversity Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Environment ministries and national statistical offices<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which ecosystems to prioritise for protection and restoration in the national biodiversity strategy<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Extent and condition by ecosystem type; risk-of-collapse categories with their criteria<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Protected-area and land management authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Where condition is declining toward a threshold and which pressure to reduce first<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Condition trends with early warning signals; pressure maps by driver<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Planning and environmental assessment authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether a proposed development pushes a threatened ecosystem toward collapse<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Red List of Ecosystems status, condition at the site, cumulative pressure in the landscape<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Financial supervisors and institutions<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which portfolios are exposed to ecosystem degradation and collapse<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Condition and threshold evidence linked to the locations of assets and suppliers<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Ecosystem extent and condition maps against a stated reference<\/li><li>Threshold and regime-shift evidence notes with their uncertainty<\/li><li>Condition accounts aligned with SEEA Ecosystem Accounting<\/li><li>Pressure maps that keep each driver separate<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"inset\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Integrity is easy to invoke and hard to measure. Experts work on a small set of recurring questions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"columns\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>What is the reference state against which condition is judged, and how is it defined where no undisturbed reference exists?<\/li><li>Which indicators of composition, structure and function move first when a system degrades?<\/li><li>Where are the thresholds beyond which a system shifts state, and how close are particular places to them?<\/li><li>How much connectivity and functional redundancy does a system need to recover from fire, drought or storm?<\/li><li>How should integrity be compared across very different ecosystem types?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms-and-drivers\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms and drivers<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Why systems degrade gradually and then shift.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Ecosystems are held in a particular state by feedbacks. A forest shades its floor and keeps it moist, which suppresses fire; a clear lake supports rooted plants that hold sediment and absorb nutrients, which keeps it clear; a reef with abundant grazers keeps algae in check. Pressure such as clearing, nutrient pollution or overfishing weakens these feedbacks without visible change, until a disturbance tips the system into an alternative state held by different feedbacks: grassland instead of forest, turbid water instead of clear, algae instead of coral.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Resilience depends on diversity within functional groups, on connectivity that lets species recolonise, and on the slow variables, such as soil depth or nutrient stocks, that change over decades. Because these properties are eroded quietly, condition indicators that track only extent can miss decline until recovery is expensive or no longer possible.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the evidence is built, and where it stops.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Field condition assessment<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Plot surveys of vegetation structure, indicator species and soil or water quality give the most direct evidence. They are costly, sparse and often not repeated on the same sites.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Remote sensing<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Satellite and airborne data track extent, canopy structure, productivity and disturbance across large areas, through <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/earth-observation\/\">Earth observation<\/a>. They measure proxies for condition, not species or function directly.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Indices and reference states<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Composite indices compare current condition with a reference. Their results depend heavily on the reference chosen, which should always be stated.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Early-warning signals<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Rising variance or slower recovery from small disturbances can precede regime shifts in some systems. They need long, dense time series and can give false alarms.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/ecology\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Ecology and biodiversity science<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Species distribution modelling \u00b7 Population trend and viability analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ecology\/\" aria-label=\"Ecology and biodiversity science: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/earth-observation\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Earth observation and remote sensing<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Forest loss and disturbance alerts \u00b7 Wetland and mangrove dynamics<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/earth-observation\/\" aria-label=\"Earth observation and remote sensing: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/complex-systems\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Complex systems and agent-based modelling<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Early warning of regime shifts \u00b7 Food-web and co-extinction networks<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/complex-systems\/\" aria-label=\"Complex systems and agent-based modelling: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/spatial-statistics\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Spatial statistics and geostatistics<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Bias-corrected distribution surfaces \u00b7 Hotspots of change and threat<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/spatial-statistics\/\" aria-label=\"Spatial statistics and geostatistics: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/geospatial\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Geospatial information systems<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Overlap with sensitive biodiversity \u00b7 Connectivity and corridor analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/geospatial\/\" aria-label=\"Geospatial information systems: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Condition depends on the reference state chosen, and reference states are contested where landscapes have been shaped by people for millennia. Thresholds are usually recognised after they are crossed; early warning signals are statistical and can fail or raise false alarms. Global intactness models rest on uneven field data and do not replace local survey. Biodiversity Nexus does not designate ecosystems or set targets; competent authorities do, under their own mandates.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-15-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/climate-nature-governance\/topics\/nature-and-biodiversity-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Related topic<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GRF<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Nature and biodiversity law<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Ecological findings link to policy stewardship with source\/consent limits.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-16-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is the difference between extent and condition?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Extent is how much of an ecosystem exists; condition is how well it functions and how complete its species and structure are. An ecosystem can keep its extent while losing condition, so both are reported.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can a tipping point be predicted?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Not precisely. Rising variance and slower recovery from disturbance can signal an approaching transition, but the signals are probabilistic and need long, regular records. The page reports them with their uncertainty and never as a forecast date.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What does collapsed mean on the Red List of Ecosystems?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">That the defining features of an ecosystem have been lost and replaced by a different ecosystem throughout its range. Assessments apply standard criteria on decline in extent, restricted distribution and degradation of environment and processes.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which values on this page are real?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The indicator names, units, sources and methods are real. Levels in the figures are placeholders in a design. A national programme replaces them with labelled evidence it owns.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is ecosystem integrity the same as naturalness?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Not exactly. Integrity concerns whether composition, structure and function are within the range expected for that ecosystem and whether it can recover. Some long-managed landscapes have high integrity in that sense.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can satellites measure integrity on their own?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. They measure structure, cover and productivity well across large areas, but integrity also depends on species composition and processes that need field evidence to confirm.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does the reference state matter so much?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because condition is a comparison. A site can appear intact against a degraded baseline and badly damaged against a historical one, so every assessment should state which reference it uses and why.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-rel-17\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-rel-17\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Around Biodiversity Nexus.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Related\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/species-and-genetic-diversity\/\">Species and genetic diversity <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/forest-and-landscapes\/\">Forests and landscapes <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/wetlands-and-freshwater\/\">Wetlands and freshwater <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/coastal-marine-biodiversity\/\">Coastal and marine biodiversity <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/restoration-and-nature-based-solutions\/\">Restoration and nature-based solutions <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/ecosystem-services\/\">Ecosystem services <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/\">Biodiversity Nexus home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/counterparts\/\">Counterparts across the Consortium <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/\">The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/trust\/\">GCRI governance and trust <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-18\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-18\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring your expertise to this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"mailto:contact@therisk.global?subject=Biodiversity%20Nexus%3A%20Ecosystem%20integrity\">Write to the team <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/contact\/\">See all contact routes<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/ecosystem-integrity\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between extent and condition?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Extent is how much of an ecosystem exists; condition is how well it functions and how complete its species and structure are. 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