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auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n10nzssn.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"gcri\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Ocean science for marine biodiversity<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">Ocean science provides the physics, chemistry and biology behind marine biodiversity risk: heat, acidity and oxygen in the water, the currents that connect habitats, and the stock assessments that tell fisheries managers how much can be taken. It links offshore change to coastal habitats and livelihoods.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/\">Back to STEM foundation of Biodiversity Nexus<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Register<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Ocean science for marine biodiversity on the record.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"console\"><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Method record<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">STEM method<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Method<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Ocean and coastal science<\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Steward<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/oceans-coasts\/\">Oceans and Coasts<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Applied in<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Data<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"#nx-sec-data\">5 inputs<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Checks<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"#nx-sec-checks\">3 validation steps<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Canonical page<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ocean-science\/\">STEM Commons<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-application\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Application<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What ocean and coastal science does here.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Ocean science studies the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of the oceans and coasts. It informs <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h11\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.coastal.sea-level-rise\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Coastal and sea-level hazards\" data-td=\"A long-term rise of mean sea level that raises the baseline for floods, erosion and saltwater intrusion.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H11\" data-tr=\"draft\">sea-level rise<\/a>, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h11\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.coastal.storm-surge\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Coastal and sea-level hazards\" data-td=\"Sea level pushed above the tide by storm wind and low pressure, flooding the coast.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H11\" data-tr=\"draft\">storm surge<\/a>, marine heatwaves, acidification and fisheries change, all of which affect coastal populations and trade. In biodiversity and nature, climate and hazards and oceans and coasts, ocean projections guide coastal defence, port planning and fisheries management. They link marine hazards to food security, shipping routes and coastal economies. The canonical description is on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ocean-science\/\">the STEM Commons<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cols\"><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 21c.6.5 1.2 1 2.5 1 2.5 0 2.5-2 5-2 1.3 0 1.9.5 2.5 1 .6.5 1.2 1 2.5 1 2.5 0 2.5-2 5-2 1.3 0 1.9.5 2.5 1\"\/><path d=\"M19.38 20A11.6 11.6 0 0 0 21 14l-9-4-9 4c0 2.9.94 5.34 2.81 7.76\"\/><path d=\"M19 13V7a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v6\"\/><path d=\"M12 10v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 2v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Fish stock assessment<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Catch, effort and survey data are fitted in population models to estimate biomass and fishing mortality against reference points, with data-limited methods where records are short.<\/p><\/article><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M12 2v2\"\/><path d=\"m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M20 12h2\"\/><path d=\"m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M15.947 12.65a4 4 0 0 0-5.925-4.128\"\/><path d=\"M3 20a5 5 0 1 1 8.9-4H13a3 3 0 0 1 2 5.24\"\/><path d=\"M11 20v2\"\/><path d=\"M7 19v2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Marine heatwave and bleaching exposure<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Satellite sea surface temperature is compared with the local climatology to compute accumulated heat stress, which is related to observed bleaching and mortality.<\/p><\/article><article><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\" data-size=\"lg\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M9 19h8.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0-7h-11a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7H15\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Larval connectivity between habitats<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Ocean circulation models release virtual larvae to estimate which reefs and nurseries supply others, informing the design of protected area networks.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Ocean state in the Amazon Basin.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Marine heat, sea temperature and chlorophyll over the Amazon Basin, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-cmap-field\" data-nx-map=\"ctx-field\" data-cmap=\"amazon:oceans\" data-ml-feeds=\"eonet|https:\/\/eonet.gsfc.nasa.gov\/api\/v3\/events\" data-ml-src=\"oceans\" data-ml-plan=\"p-d3e6f21d\" data-ml-relief=\"1.2\" data-ml-chart=\"f.marine\" data-ml-view=\"3d\" data-ml-ctx=\"theme:oceans\" data-ml-list=\"gibs.biodiversity.ssta gibs.biodiversity.sst gibs.biodiversity.chl gibs.food.cover gibs.water.true gibs.biodiversity.evi ev.eonet r.dist r.hls f.marine r.pace gx.nhc f.ens r.goese\" data-ml-tools=\"inspect measure compare aoi export\"><div class=\"nx-wm\" data-nx-water=\"ctx-oceans\" data-wm-domain=\"ctx-oceans\" data-wm-tiles=\"on\" data-wm-flat=\"on\" data-wm-focus=\"-80,-18,-48,6\" data-ws-live=\"off\" data-claim=\"INTEGRATED\" data-wm-panel=\"closed\" data-wm-mode=\"2d\"><div class=\"nx-wm-stage\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"application\" aria-roledescription=\"interactive map\" aria-label=\"Ocean state, the Amazon Basin: satellite and model layers from NASA on a 3D terrain of ASTER GDEM elevation. Arrow keys move; with Shift they turn and tilt in 3D; plus and minus zoom, 0 resets; I inspects, question mark lists the keys.\" aria-describedby=\"nx-wm-help\"><canvas class=\"nx-wm-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/canvas><p class=\"nx-wm-noscript\">The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-presets\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Quick views\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ssta||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Marine heat<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"sst||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Sea temperature<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"chl||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Plankton (chlorophyll)<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"cover||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Land cover<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel\" id=\"nx-wm-panel\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Map layers\"><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-panel-title\">Layers <span class=\"nx-wm-count\">3<\/span><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-panel-close\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-label=\"Close the layer list\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-body\"><div class=\"nx-wm-group\"><p class=\"nx-wm-group-title\">Ocean state, for this page<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"ssta\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"20\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Marine heat (anomaly)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA JPL PO.DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite analysis\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Sea surface temperature anomaly<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA JPL PO.DAAC GHRSST MUR25 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ssta\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"\u00b0C\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"ssta\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.ssta\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>GHRSST MUR25 (NASA JPL PO.DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA JPL PO.DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite analysis<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-12<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 2 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite analysis of how far sea temperature departs from its usual value for the date shown; a marine heat indicator, not a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h27\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.species.coral-bleaching\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Biodiversity and species stress\" data-td=\"Corals expelling their algal partners under heat stress, turning white and often dying, with loss of reef fisheries and shore protection.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H27\" data-tr=\"draft\">coral bleaching<\/a> alert.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"sst\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"21\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Sea temperature\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA JPL PO.DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite analysis\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Sea surface temperature<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA JPL PO.DAAC GHRSST MUR \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"sst\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"\u00b0C\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"sst\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.sst\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>GHRSST MUR (NASA JPL PO.DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA JPL PO.DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite analysis<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-12<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Gap-filled satellite analysis of sea surface temperature for the date shown; not a reef or species condition report.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"chl\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"22\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.9\" data-wm-short=\"Chlorophyll-a\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA OB.DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite retrieval; clouds and sun glint leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Ocean chlorophyll-a concentration<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA OB.DAAC MODIS Aqua ocean colour \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"chl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"mg\/m\u00b3\">Observed (clouds and sun glint leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"chl\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.chl\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds and sun glint leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Aqua ocean colour (NASA OB.DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA OB.DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite retrieval; clouds and sun glint leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite estimate of chlorophyll-a near the sea surface on the day shown, an indicator of plankton and ocean productivity; not a measure of fish stocks or harmful blooms.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"cover\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"23\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.7\" data-wm-short=\"Land cover\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Land cover type (IGBP), yearly<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"class\">Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"cover\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.cover\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>yearly; Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2024-01-01<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite land cover classes for the year shown, including croplands; a classification with known errors, not a farm register.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"5\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.6\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite image\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">True colour<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"true\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.true\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite image<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"evi\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"25\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Vegetation (EVI)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite index; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE MODIS Terra EVI \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"EVI\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"evi\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.evi\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra EVI (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite index; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite vegetation index for the 8 days to the date shown, a habitat condition indicator; not a measure of species or biodiversity.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-rail\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\" aria-label=\"Map controls\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-open\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-panel\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Layers\" title=\"Layers\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2.5l-6.5 3.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5zm-6.5 6.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5m-13 2.8 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"tools\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Expert tools\" title=\"Expert tools\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3 4.5l10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-7.5-8.5 0 3m5 .5 0 3m-3.5.5 0 3\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-sep\" 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data-wm-tool=\"compare\">Compare two dates<kbd>C<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"share\">Copy a link to this view<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"png\">Export as PNG with credits<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"xt\" data-wm-xt=\"NxAjSJ6JoGGZsXu22d+kvA4nR9AJ6Njy+\/Xy2FIyELw=\">More expert tools<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\">Keyboard shortcuts<kbd>?<\/kbd><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-keys\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Keyboard shortcuts\" hidden><p class=\"nx-wm-keys-title\">Keyboard, with the map focused<\/p><dl class=\"nx-wm-keys-list\"><\/dl><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-keys-close\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\" aria-label=\"Close the shortcuts\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-hint\" hidden>Hold Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll to zoom<\/p><p class=\"nx-wm-toolbar\" role=\"status\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-tip\" role=\"tooltip\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin\" hidden><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-pin-title\"><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"unpin\" aria-label=\"Close the card\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-chart\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-body\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-dock\"><div class=\"nx-wm-time\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Imagery date\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"prev\" aria-label=\"One day earlier\">\u2039<\/button><p class=\"nx-wm-time-label\">Latest available<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"next\" aria-label=\"One day later\">\u203a<\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-track\" role=\"slider\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Imagery date, up to 30 days back\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"30\" aria-valuenow=\"30\" aria-valuetext=\"Latest available\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-latest\" data-wm-step=\"latest\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Latest<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-chips\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Legends\"><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-attrib\">NASA GIBS \/ EOSDIS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) \u00b7 Blue Marble (NASA) \u00b7 \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) \u00b7 Natural Earth<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-legends\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-container nx-wm-below\"><p class=\"nx-wm-status\" role=\"status\">Loading the latest NASA imagery.<\/p><p id=\"nx-wm-help\" class=\"nx-wm-help\">Drag to move. Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.<\/p><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Ocean state, framed on the Amazon Basin.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nx-wm-credits\"><summary><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-line\">Data: NASA GIBS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM \u00b7 Blue Marble \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors<\/a> \u00b7 Natural Earth \u00b7 NASA EONET \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-more\">Sources and licences<\/span><\/summary><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.field-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.water-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.podaac.ghrsst-mur\">GHRSST Level 4 MUR analyses, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; distributed by the NASA Physical Oceanography DAAC (PO.DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.obdaac.ocean-color\">MODIS Aqua ocean colour, NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group; distributed by the NASA Ocean Biology DAAC (OB.DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.modis-viirs.land\">MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.viirs-water\">VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3\">ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA\/METI\/AIST\/Japan Spacesystems and U.S.\/Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"naturalearth.all-scales\">Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/about\/terms-of-use\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Public domain<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.reference-osm\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">ODbL<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.earth-observatory.blue-marble\">Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li>Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.<\/li><li><\/li><li>Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.<\/li><li>Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>Weather data by Open-Meteo.com (https:\/\/open-meteo.com\/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/).<\/li><li>Optional layers (10 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><strong>Layers and dates<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li>Sea surface temperature anomaly: GHRSST MUR25, NASA JPL PO.DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ssta\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Sea surface temperature: GHRSST MUR, NASA JPL PO.DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"sst\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Ocean chlorophyll-a concentration: MODIS Aqua ocean colour, NASA OB.DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"chl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/li><li>True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra EVI, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/details><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/stem\/ocean-science\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Biodiversity Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-data\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What the method consumes.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Datasets and records used by ocean and coastal science on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/research\/sources\/\">the source register<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"register\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Data<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">OBIS marine occurrence records<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Species distribution<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Copernicus Marine and NOAA Coral Reef Watch<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Temperature, heat stress and biogeochemistry<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Fisheries catch and survey data<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Stock assessment inputs<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Argo floats and moorings<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Subsurface temperature and oxygen<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Data\">Ocean circulation model output<\/td><td data-label=\"Role\">Connectivity and projections<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"data\" data-nxf-kind=\"data\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/stem\/ocean-science\/#data\" data-nxf-title=\"Method record\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/stem\/ocean-science\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-twin\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-span=\"wide\" data-ns-layout=\"twin\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Model ocean science for marine biodiversity as a system. Run the cascade.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Assembled from the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> area profile <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/biodiversity-risk-standards\/\">Biodiversity and nature risk standards<\/a>: the hazards it names, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/system-builder\/\">System Builder<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin\" data-ns-data=\"nx-twin-es-stem-ocean-science-G05\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards registry and area profiles; Nexus Hazard Standard NHS-1 1.1.0\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin-static\"><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h25\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.forest.deforestation\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Forest and woodland stress\" data-td=\"Clearing of forest for other land uses, losing habitat, carbon storage and watershed protection.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H25\" data-tr=\"draft\">Deforestation<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h27\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.species.biodiversity-loss\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Biodiversity and species stress\" data-td=\"Decline in the variety and abundance of species and habitats that weakens services such as pollination, fisheries and soil formation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H27\" data-tr=\"draft\">Biodiversity loss<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h21\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 geo.surface.soil-erosion\" data-tk=\"Solid Earth \u00b7 Erosion and sediment movement\" data-td=\"Loss of topsoil to water or wind, stripping fertility and filling reservoirs and channels downstream.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H21\" data-tr=\"draft\">Soil erosion<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Land-system change boundary transgression (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Amazon rainforest dieback (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Slope slide (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Flash flood (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Zoonotic spillover event (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\">Wildfire<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Emerging arbovirus outbreak (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Malaria resurgence (set off downstream)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systems and couplings<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/biodiversity-risk-standards\/\">Biodiversity and nature risk standards<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/climate-risk-standards\/\">Climate risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Feedback<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/health\/health-risk-standards\/\">Health risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Cascade<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/food-risk-standards\/\">Food and agriculture risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Dependency<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/environmental-degradation-hazard-standards\/\">Environmental degradation hazard standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Shared hazard records<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><code>NS-0<\/code> Constitution and principles<\/li><li><code>NS-1<\/code> The <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> and the artefact catalogue (grammar v0.2: domain, sector, region and environment segments)<\/li><li><code>NS-3<\/code> Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/li><li><code>NS-3b<\/code> Dataset and product metadata profile (STAC, DCAT, PROV-O)<\/li><li><code>NS-5<\/code> Figure, map and visualisation standard (with the UI\/UX kit)<\/li><li><code>NS-9<\/code> Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/li><li><code>NS-11<\/code> Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/li><li><code>NRS-N5<\/code> Biodiversity and nature risk and resilience<\/li><li><code>NRS-H65<\/code> Hazard family: Planetary boundary transgressions (NHS-1 planet.boundary)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H27<\/code> Hazard family: Biodiversity and species stress (NHS-1 eco.species)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H26<\/code> Hazard family: Land and wetland degradation (NHS-1 eco.land)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H28<\/code> Hazard family: Climate-state shifts (NHS-1 eco.climate-state)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H64<\/code> Hazard family: Ecosystem regime shifts (NHS-1 eco.regime-shift)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Observation<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>GBIF occurrence API and downloads (listed for reference)<\/li><li>World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Global Forest Watch tree cover loss (Hansen\/UMD) and alerts (listed for reference)<\/li><li>ESA WorldCover 10 m land cover (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Copernicus Land Monitoring Service products (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Red List Index<\/li><li>Forest area as a proportion of total land area<\/li><li>Proportion of important sites for terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity covered by protected areas<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Example geography<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Pacific Island states: 150 hexagonal cells<\/li><li>Vegetation disturbance alerts, 30 m (OPERA DIST-ALERT), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-checks\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Validation<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How results are checked.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Models are checked against tide gauge records, altimetry and in situ profiles. Hindcasts of past storms and heatwaves test predictive skill.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Check<\/th><th scope=\"col\">How it is done<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Retrospective analysis<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Stock assessments are rerun with recent years removed to test for systematic revision<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Satellite against in-situ<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Remotely sensed temperature and ocean colour are compared with mooring and ship data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Check\">Bleaching hindcast<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is done\">Heat stress metrics are tested against surveyed past bleaching events<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Coastal processes at fine scale and ice sheet contributions to sea level remain uncertain. Observations of the deep ocean and polar seas are sparse.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-signature\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sector signature<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The sector signature of ocean science for marine biodiversity.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The sectors ocean science for marine biodiversity touches and how strongly they depend on each other: what a study has to observe and model together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><figure class=\"nx-nsig\" data-nx-sig=\"WFHB\" data-sig-name=\"Biodiversity and its partners\" data-sig-line=\"Biodiversity gives pollination and soils to food (0.6), watershed regulation to water (0.5) and zoonotic spillover and medicines to health (0.4).\" data-sig-inst=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-plate\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-strip\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Signatures in context\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span>Select corners \u00b7 hover lines<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">6 \/ 15 relations<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Sector signature hexagon: Water, Food, Health and Biodiversity selected, 6 of 15 relations in play, coupling 0.46. Teaching values.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"rZfLjqtGEIZfpdTS2bnafYE2SMaLSLktss6aGMZGw2UEfRI7L5Z9niyqAuyZsfGFjGZhoLv\/qv\/r6oJZZ\/lLt1m3aVak5c\/0k9ceiiwR9QHrrtjhTsD2kIhQfROwPQ4XbSJc+E1s1p1v3qB5eelynwglYFumXfdusRLLT5P05SRNk5Yfc9isl31qu8\/T26LedQLStkhxX2RZXifCt99zsVm\/NeVx19QXK3YwXmZptxfw1hS17xKhFugiCCMZL9AG\/YUNQC1cBDje4ThOWc6IoG0AWrsFuhX\/uhWoBT3E4Q6H0Zv6HySNUqBXVpoF6tMlXakFDeH5AZ6nkfy2aLdlfjd72nDVb7fizTah4exSv\/+82BfbVwFZIn4zoQFVagWqQq1lAMZJCwHIsMJIajChdGBlLKMKtZIrMIFcgZURaGkq1FZaMFYGYOUKtHQV6pBmaRlDJFcQVmgs6JXUYKUBI4MKdUzLWV3GYOSqQqOlA+3ohh7SImlAW74lcVOhCWQIWksNIUlXaCIZAiWgOUd64qSBsE+OkuQnK7AgIzLBt7E0MoSAryM00oECrfjWMgIchkPpCAGe1gZyxQzwrG5lwAzwnIKWMTPAIUvyjsbiyQc5ZwZ4cqsdE8ATD3LODPBMTZNOIEMcuFJYQoAn9CFpOl407I9lADhsoDQMAHl7DcUjBLz5bJwRkP+KUmQAVsYoo4ptMwBLK6Sp2DX7t0zEVWya7UfkvjK2904uyAFbZvNGxuS9Ys\/knRbKuGLDvXXWNRX7Zedsuxr8Mm8KXLHdsM+Jcqt6vygjSr1iu9KgDDGgmwh4w1GrigudbPdjVOeR1OM6qnKu95MuFbkeqq0PTTXO1d7nxkVuLIy5c4VzrY\/+qMCpUEb\/fX1brqaBEZU3F3rPkI9XX+Y9ZCpurvJxHyz0Jd7vExWLkzHQJnKD3l1pxtt902ad2KzLos4vBwVkqU\/xlfvIQfPPUSeCOpiAg0kE9ycBR5MIblLQ+bZ5zfGvIvN7elss72vr+9rPSZ\/aYVOfo5iJKKqPYC4jGLlyTwaxE0Hwthcjg+DJSMEDkVA\/a+qsH\/b6o5oe1f7Xxpzl3Q356R15SHp1Qxq\/IPXoQf3Z5yG+CPBVaLSalv4KNFo\/po9fcJ71xwP9+FFz6tlI9n6k60ctNs+GGo41ziIoIzV2+mufevRx2n\/qKeoXpYLxL1CqF+fvUR79m5Qu3hfdW9q+0vvi6ttkX\/jJsW1e+7y9\/t3f5lt\/Mf+tTH0u4EBebSDgmAgMAgEjXBcJ2OfFbu8TEUUC2gM1xeVm7fPDpVrNSoplnNi49ZKmTUz27yYbJzZtXqa+aOoOihreyvQ4rr7qtG6ynDBcHTjtepeXw7YXFGrq236fls2HD\/q+07dclZP\/Eby0E2ui6TVZ4ycWqSmqZfrHO1JoAiWA5mFa04dFIqoiy8pcbH5Pfd7eQu63H4TCaEoI\/v0HlL7L\/4xWP4B2OFfsWj+B9+q6RxBfXXgXs1FGup6Qpu73gVDn09aLzY913u6OD6B+Jxa7CS2GbZ6AbZ6DPZP1XNRzSGszAfrX+qVNO99+3\/rvbf4UcG2jCU0Gbu8Cv95E7ONNZEYPmdNCnu0gJpxqID81TfZw\/zDOTckw4GAm4OABwDizvHFufeOsAsdbFZ7Xmdj8kqel3z\/AHG8Vdi\/F1MOZ1MMnqeNc7DibO84Cf6WJM64fiiYr\/szbrvDH5\/hfdvJekPm79\/yXu81\/\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\"><div><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Signature<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">Biodiversity and its partners<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\">Biodiversity gives pollination and soils to food (0.6), watershed regulation to water (0.5) and zoonotic spillover and medicines to health (0.4).<\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>W<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">E<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">I<\/span> \u00b7 <span>F<\/span> \u00b7 <span>H<\/span> \u00b7 <span>B<\/span><\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Sectors<\/dt><dd><strong>4<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Relations<\/dt><dd><strong>6<\/strong> <small>of 15<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Coupling<\/dt><dd><strong>0.46<\/strong> <small>share of total<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><h3 class=\"nx-nsig-dh\">Strongest relations in play<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-nsig-rel\"><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Food \u2192 Biodiversity<\/b> \u00b7 land conversion<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Food<\/b> \u00b7 irrigation<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.8<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Biodiversity<\/b> \u00b7 environmental flows<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Food \u2192 Health<\/b> \u00b7 nutrition<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.7<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"all\">Select all<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-sig-act=\"copy\">Copy signature<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-connections\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connections<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Topics that rely on this method.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/coastal-marine-biodiversity\/\">Coastal and marine biodiversity<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and evidence<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How ocean science for marine biodiversity is modelled, measured and tested.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The model, its assumptions, its data and its uncertainty, in the form a scientist or engineer would check. Structures follow published methods. The values drawn are illustrative, not findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"science\" data-au-n=\"1\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"eo-chain\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Earth observation chain<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">How a satellite or sensor record becomes evidence on ocean science for marine biodiversity, and where each step adds uncertainty.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-au-chain\"><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">01 \u00b7 Acquire<\/span><span>orbit, sensor and revisit<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: gaps from cloud and orbit<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">02 \u00b7 Calibrate<\/span><span>radiometric and geometric<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: sensor drift<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">03 \u00b7 Correct<\/span><span>atmosphere and terrain<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: aerosol and slope assumptions<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">04 \u00b7 Retrieve or classify<\/span><span>the variable or the class<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: model and training error<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">05 \u00b7 Validate<\/span><span>against ground truth<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: sample design and size<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">06 \u00b7 Publish<\/span><span>with error bars and lineage<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: stated, never hidden<\/span><\/li><\/ol><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Processing chain in the CEOS Analysis Ready Data sense; each step records its uncertainty before a figure is drawn. A generic structure, not results.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">FAIR guiding principles \u00b7 GO FAIR and FORCE11<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">W3C PROV \u00b7 World Wide Web Consortium<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Guidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties \u00b7 IPCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">CEOS Analysis Ready Data \u00b7 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-stewardship\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Stewardship<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who maintains the method.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/oceans-coasts\/\">Oceans and Coasts<\/a> stewards ocean and coastal science for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ocean-science\/\">Canonical page: Ocean and coastal science<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-11-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Process<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the process runs.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-pe\" id=\"nx-pe-flood-ews\" data-nx-pe=\"nx-pe-flood-ews\" data-active=\"flood-warning\"><div class=\"nx-pe-shell\"><p class=\"nx-pe-eb\">Process<\/p><h2 class=\"nx-pe-title\">Ocean science for marine biodiversity: Flood forecasting and warning chain<\/h2><p class=\"nx-pe-cap\">The WMO flood forecasting manual and Early Warnings for All describe the chain from forecast to action, across EW4All&#8217;s four pillars.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pe-steps\"><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">01 Forecast<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Rainfall forecast<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Source<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Numerical weather prediction and nowcasts supply rainfall input. Ensembles can apply to weather prediction and hydrological models.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Hydrological model<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Model \u00b7 Protected area authority<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">A hydrological model turns rainfall into runoff and discharge. The manual covers model choice, parameters and calibration.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Hydraulic model<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Model<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">A hydraulic model routes the discharge to water levels along the river and floodplain. The place is set by the page.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Inundation maps<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Dataset<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Inundation forecasting combines a level-and-flow model with a digital flood plain surface, the manual&#8217;s most sophisticated public service.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">02 Warning<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Thresholds<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Gate<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Forecasts are compared with thresholds agreed in advance, as in a threshold-based alert service. Impact-based guidance was not read.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Warning decision<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Decision \u00b7 Protected area authority<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">The agency responsible for forecasts and warnings decides on the warning. It should understand the roles of the other agencies concerned.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Warning dissemination<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Step<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Warnings are communicated through the channels people use. This is EW4All pillar 3, warning dissemination and communication.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">03 Response<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Early action<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Step<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">People and institutions act on the warning. This is EW4All pillar 4, preparedness and response capabilities.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Forecast verification<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Step<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Forecasts are verified using hits, misses and false alarms. The manual lists probability of detection, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 false-alarm\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A warning or trigger that is issued when the event does not then occur.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">false alarm<\/a> rate and threat score.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-pe-foot\"><span>Neutral outline of a published external standard or method, from its issuing body. Not a record of operation. Nexus does not perform, certify or approve any step shown. A gate or decision belongs to the party the source names.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-12-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/oceans-coasts\/stem\/ocean-science\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Steward platform<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Ocean science for coastal risk<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Oceans and Coasts stewards this method.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-13-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What are the limits of ocean and coastal science in this field?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Coastal processes at fine scale and ice sheet contributions to sea level remain uncertain. Observations of the deep ocean and polar seas are sparse.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How are results checked?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Models are checked against tide gauge records, altimetry and in situ profiles. Hindcasts of past storms and heatwaves test predictive skill.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are the values on this page real?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method&#8217;s use, not a run; no result is reported here.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Where else is this method applied?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ocean-science\/\">canonical method page<\/a> lists every platform that applies it.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Observatory Signal<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See every way to contribute<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/ocean-science#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-isk-global-biodiversity-nexus-stem-ocean-science-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-isk-global-biodiversity-nexus-stem-ocean-science-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-isk-global-biodiversity-nexus-stem-ocean-science-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/storm-surge\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Coastal storm surge<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/climate-science\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Climate science, variability and change<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/climate-risk-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Climate risk standards<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring a method, a dataset or a question.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Information and enquiries are open today. 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