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\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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-novkme3s.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"gcri\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Species and genetic diversity<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">Species populations and the genetic variation within them are the raw material of every ecosystem and of its capacity to adapt. Extinction is the last step of a long decline, and much of the loss happens earlier, as populations shrink, fragment and lose genetic diversity. This page sets out how populations and extinction risk are observed, how genetic diversity is monitored, and how uneven evidence across species and regions shapes what can be concluded.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Register<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Species and genetic diversity on the record.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"dossier\"><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Dossier<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biodiversity Nexus \u00b7 topic<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 mechanisms<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Field<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">hexagonal field plate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">7<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">7<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Decision holders<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-methods\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Methods<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">5<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Species and genetic diversity: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Species populations and genetic diversity. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"6\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Several drivers at once<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">IPBES identifies five direct drivers of loss: change in land and sea use, direct exploitation, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">climate change<\/a>, pollution and invasive <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h44\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.plant-health.invasive-species\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Plant disease and pests\" data-td=\"A non-native plant, animal or microbe spreading unchecked and displacing natives, damaging farming, fisheries and ecosystems.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H44\" data-tr=\"draft\">alien species<\/a>. Their weight differs by group and region, and most declining species face several at the same time.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 12h-2.48a2 2 0 0 0-1.93 1.46l-2.35 8.36a.25.25 0 0 1-.48 0L9.24 2.18a.25.25 0 0 0-.48 0l-2.35 8.36A2 2 0 0 1 4.49 12H2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Small populations spiral<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">As a population shrinks, inbreeding, loss of genetic variation and demographic chance raise its extinction risk further. A population can persist for decades below a viable size, leaving an <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h65\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 planet.boundary.genetic-diversity-erosion\" data-tk=\"Planetary boundaries and Earth-system tipping \u00b7 Planetary boundary transgressions\" data-td=\"Species extinction and loss of genetic variety running far above the background rate, permanently narrowing the biological options ecosystems and food systems rely on to adapt.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H65\" data-tr=\"draft\">extinction debt<\/a> that is paid later.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6 18h8\"\/><path d=\"M3 22h18\"\/><path d=\"M14 22a7 7 0 1 0 0-14h-1\"\/><path d=\"M9 14h2\"\/><path d=\"M9 12a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6h6v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 6V3a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Genetic erosion<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Fragmentation isolates populations and cuts gene flow. Genetic diversity can fall faster than numbers, reducing the capacity to adapt to disease and a changing climate, including in crop wild relatives and traditional livestock breeds.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"4.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m10.2 6.3-3.9 3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"4.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"M7 12h10\"\/><circle cx=\"19.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m13.8 17.7 3.9-3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"19.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Losses cascade through food webs<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Removing top predators, pollinators, seed dispersers or habitat-forming species changes the abundance of many others. Hunting out large seed dispersers alters tree composition and carbon storage; overfishing of grazers lets algae smother reefs.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Habitat condition in the Amazon Basin.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Land cover, vegetation and population density over the Amazon Basin, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-cmap-field\" data-nx-map=\"ctx-field\" data-cmap=\"amazon:biodiversity\" data-ml-points=\"on\" data-ml-feeds=\"eonet|https:\/\/eonet.gsfc.nasa.gov\/api\/v3\/events\" data-ml-src=\"biodiversity\" data-ml-plan=\"p-c4714972\" data-ml-relief=\"1.3\" data-ml-view=\"3d\" data-ml-ctx=\"theme:biodiversity\" data-ml-list=\"gibs.food.cover gibs.biodiversity.evi gibs.health.people gibs.water.true gibs.food.gpp gibs.energy.fires ev.eonet r.dist r.hls r.dswxs1 r.labels r.pace\" data-ml-tools=\"inspect measure compare aoi export\"><div class=\"nx-wm\" data-nx-water=\"ctx-biodiversity\" data-wm-domain=\"ctx-biodiversity\" data-wm-tiles=\"on\" data-wm-flat=\"on\" data-wm-focus=\"-80,-18,-48,6\" data-ws-live=\"off\" data-claim=\"INTEGRATED\" data-wm-panel=\"closed\" data-wm-mode=\"2d\"><div class=\"nx-wm-stage\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"application\" aria-roledescription=\"interactive map\" aria-label=\"Habitat condition, the Amazon Basin: satellite and model layers from NASA on a 3D terrain of ASTER GDEM elevation. Arrow keys move; with Shift they turn and tilt in 3D; plus and minus zoom, 0 resets; I inspects, question mark lists the keys.\" aria-describedby=\"nx-wm-help\"><canvas class=\"nx-wm-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/canvas><p class=\"nx-wm-noscript\">The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-presets\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Quick views\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"cover||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Land cover<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"evi||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Vegetation<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"people||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Population<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"true||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">True colour<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel\" id=\"nx-wm-panel\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Map layers\"><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-panel-title\">Layers <span class=\"nx-wm-count\">3<\/span><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-panel-close\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-label=\"Close the layer list\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-body\"><div class=\"nx-wm-group\"><p class=\"nx-wm-group-title\">Habitat condition, for this page<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"cover\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"20\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.7\" data-wm-short=\"Land cover\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Land cover type (IGBP), yearly<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"class\">Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"cover\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.cover\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>yearly; Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2024-01-01<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite land cover classes for the year shown, including croplands; a classification with known errors, not a farm register.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"evi\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"21\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Vegetation (EVI)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite index; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE MODIS Terra EVI \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"EVI\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"evi\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.evi\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra EVI (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite index; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite vegetation index for the 8 days to the date shown, a habitat condition indicator; not a measure of species or biodiversity.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"people\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"22\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.8\" data-wm-short=\"Population density\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)\" data-wm-kind=\"Census-based estimate, static (2020)\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Population density, 2020<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University) Gridded Population of the World v4.11 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"estimated\" data-wm-lic=\"CC BY 4.0\" data-wm-unit=\"people\/km\u00b2\">Estimated<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"people\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.health.people\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Estimated<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University))<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>null; Census-based estimate, static (2020)<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Census-based estimate of people per square kilometre in 2020, shown as exposure context; not a count of people affected by any hazard.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"4\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.6\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite image\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">True colour<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"true\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.true\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite image<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"gpp\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"24\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Plant growth (GPP)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite-driven model; latest 8-day period GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Gross primary production, 8-day total<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"gpp\">30 Sep 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"kgC\/m\u00b2\">Modelled (latest 8-day period GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"gpp\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.gpp\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest 8-day period GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>8-day; Satellite-driven model; latest 8-day period GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-09-30<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Model estimate of carbon taken up by plants over the 8-day period shown; an indicator of growth, not harvest or production.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"fires\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"25\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"1\" data-wm-breaks=\"10,50,200\" data-wm-short=\"Fires and flares\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE FIRMS\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite detection; clouds and overpass timing leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Active fires and thermal anomalies<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE FIRMS VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"fires\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"MW\">Observed (clouds and overpass timing leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"fires\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.energy.fires\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds and overpass timing leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS) (NASA LANCE FIRMS)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE FIRMS<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite detection; clouds and overpass timing leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite hot-spot detections for the day shown, including gas flares and industrial heat; not a confirmed fire, an incident report or a warning.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-rail\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\" aria-label=\"Map 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focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-hint\" hidden>Hold Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll to zoom<\/p><p class=\"nx-wm-toolbar\" role=\"status\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-tip\" role=\"tooltip\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin\" hidden><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-pin-title\"><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"unpin\" aria-label=\"Close the card\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-chart\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-body\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-dock\"><div class=\"nx-wm-time\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Imagery date\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"prev\" aria-label=\"One day earlier\">\u2039<\/button><p class=\"nx-wm-time-label\">Latest available<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"next\" aria-label=\"One day later\">\u203a<\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-track\" role=\"slider\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Imagery date, up to 30 days back\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"30\" aria-valuenow=\"30\" aria-valuetext=\"Latest available\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-latest\" data-wm-step=\"latest\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Latest<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-chips\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Legends\"><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-attrib\">NASA GIBS \/ EOSDIS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) \u00b7 Blue Marble (NASA) \u00b7 \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) \u00b7 Natural Earth<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-legends\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-container nx-wm-below\"><p class=\"nx-wm-status\" role=\"status\">Loading the latest NASA imagery.<\/p><p id=\"nx-wm-help\" class=\"nx-wm-help\">Drag to move. Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.<\/p><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Habitat condition, framed on the Amazon Basin.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nx-wm-credits\"><summary><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-line\">Data: NASA GIBS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM \u00b7 Blue Marble \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors<\/a> \u00b7 Natural Earth \u00b7 NASA EONET \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-more\">Sources and licences<\/span><\/summary><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.field-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.water-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.modis-viirs.land\">MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"sedac.gpw-v4\">Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7927\/H49C6VHW\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.7927\/H49C6VHW<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.viirs-water\">VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.firms\">NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS), VIIRS 375 m active fire product, NASA LANCE; vector tiles via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3\">ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA\/METI\/AIST\/Japan Spacesystems and U.S.\/Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"naturalearth.all-scales\">Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/about\/terms-of-use\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Public domain<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.reference-osm\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">ODbL<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.earth-observatory.blue-marble\">Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li>Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.<\/li><li><\/li><li>Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.<\/li><li>Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>Optional layers (6 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><strong>Layers and dates<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li>Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/li><li>Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra EVI, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/li><li>True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Gross primary production, 8-day total: MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"gpp\">30 Sep 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Active fires and thermal anomalies: VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS), NASA LANCE FIRMS \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"fires\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/details><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/species-and-genetic-diversity\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Biodiversity Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-1\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-label=\"Couplings, Monitor, Reports, standards and contributions, Twin and cascade simulator\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Couplings, Monitor, Reports, standards and contributions, Twin and cascade simulator\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-couplings\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Couplings<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-5-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Monitor<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-standards\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-twin\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-couplings\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Couplings<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Species and genes are the raw material of food and medicine.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th>Domain<\/th><th>How it couples here<\/th><th>What to watch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Food<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Crop wild relatives and livestock breeds hold traits for future breeding. See <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/agritech-and-innovation\/\">agritech and innovation<\/a>.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Conservation status of crop wild relatives<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Health<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Many medicines derive from natural compounds; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h27\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.species.biodiversity-loss\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Biodiversity and species stress\" data-td=\"Decline in the variety and abundance of species and habitats that weakens services such as pollination, fisheries and soil formation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H27\" data-tr=\"draft\">biodiversity loss<\/a> narrows options.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Use of natural products in drug discovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Water<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Freshwater species are among the fastest declining groups.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Freshwater species trends<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Energy<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Wind and hydropower siting affects birds, bats and migratory fish.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Collision and passage monitoring<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-p\">Essential Biodiversity Variables (Pereira and others, 2013) define what to measure: genetic composition, species populations, species traits, community composition, ecosystem structure and ecosystem function. The Red List Index measures change in extinction risk; GBIF aggregates occurrence records, with known biases toward accessible places and well-studied groups.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-5-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Monitor<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Ecosystem condition account.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The screen a team would use to follow this subject: its measures, states and decisions. Names are examples and values are illustrative.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-biodiversity-condition\" data-cx=\"biodiversity.condition\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Ecosystem condition account: illustrative console with example names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Ecosystem condition account<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Species and genetic diversity \u00b7 Wetland complex \u00b7 Accounting year 3<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure&#8217;s values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><ul class=\"nx-fk-kpis\" data-n=\"4\"><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Extent change<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k0\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">\u25bc 1<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">pct of opening<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k0\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,7.1L10.2,3L18.4,4.6L26.5,6.7L34.7,8.3L42.9,8.1L51.1,13.1L59.3,17.4L67.5,19.4L75.6,21.1L83.8,23L92,22.4L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,7.1L10.2,3L18.4,4.6L26.5,6.7L34.7,8.3L42.9,8.1L51.1,13.1L59.3,17.4L67.5,19.4L75.6,21.1L83.8,23L92,22.4\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"22.4\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Condition index<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k1\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">0.71<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">0 to 1<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-d\" data-dir=\"down\" data-good=\"na\">0.02<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k1\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,10.6L10.2,14.2L18.4,17.3L26.5,19.9L34.7,19.4L42.9,21L51.1,23L59.3,20.5L67.5,22.8L75.6,20.5L83.8,20.8L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,10.6L10.2,14.2L18.4,17.3L26.5,19.9L34.7,19.4L42.9,21L51.1,23L59.3,20.5L67.5,22.8L75.6,20.5L83.8,20.8L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Species of concern<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k2\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">9<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">recorded<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k2\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,18.8L10.2,23L18.4,21.4L26.5,15.5L34.7,14.7L42.9,8.3L51.1,8L59.3,4.8L67.5,3L75.6,8L83.8,3.4L92,7L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,18.8L10.2,23L18.4,21.4L26.5,15.5L34.7,14.7L42.9,8.3L51.1,8L59.3,4.8L67.5,3L75.6,8L83.8,3.4L92,7\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"7\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Restoration under management<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k3\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">463<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">ha<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Normal<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k3\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,9L10.2,10.7L18.4,12.1L26.5,14.2L34.7,13L42.9,14L51.1,16.7L59.3,18.6L67.5,18.7L75.6,21.1L83.8,23L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,9L10.2,10.7L18.4,12.1L26.5,14.2L34.7,13L42.9,14L51.1,16.7L59.3,18.6L67.5,18.7L75.6,21.1L83.8,23L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Condition declining<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Condition indicators<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-biodiversity-condition-t1\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-biodiversity-condition-t1\" aria-label=\"Condition indicators\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Indicator<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Opening<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Closing<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">Reference<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-condition:r1-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Water level regime<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.7\">0.7<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.6\">0.6<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">1.0<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-condition:r1-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Native vegetation cover<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.5\">0.5<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.4\">0.4<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">1.0<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-condition:r1-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Invasive species pressure<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.3\">0.3<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.4\">0.4<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">0.0<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-biodiversity-condition:r1-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>Connectivity<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.5\">0.5<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"0.6\">0.6<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">1.0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Condition index<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 460 210\" width=\"460\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Condition index\" focusable=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-biodiversity-condition-c2\" data-fk-xs=\"lin,0,23,36,446\" data-fk-ys=\"lin,0,100,180,20\" data-fk-series=\"Measured|ink|l||0:39.6;1:33.2;2:32.6;3:31.7;4:28.5;5:29;6:33.2;7:35.3;8:34.7;9:28.5;10:30.5;11:34;12:37.2;13:33.3;14:35.4;15:32.3;16:28.7;17:24.6;18:22.2;19:23;20:17.8;21:14;22:17.5;23:15~Target path|acc|l||0:49;1:51.6;2:53.3;3:48.4;4:47.8;5:43.2;6:43.4;7:43.9;8:44.7;9:40.1;10:40.6;11:41;12:41.9;13:43.4;14:44.4;15:41;16:43.8;17:40.2;18:43;19:41.6;20:44.5;21:44.6;22:47.2;23:47.1\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Ecosystem condition account: the screen&#8217;s structure, terms and states for Species and genetic diversity.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Example names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-standards\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Species evidence and contributions.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Species and genetic diversity analyses are designed for the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/series\/global-systems\/\">Global Systems Risk and Resilience series<\/a>, following the indicators of the Global Biodiversity Framework monitoring framework (decision 15\/5). Occurrence data contributed through GBIF, survey data with methods, and genetic monitoring results are the contributions that help.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-twin\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-span=\"wide\" data-ns-layout=\"twin\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Model species and genetic diversity as a system. Run the cascade.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Assembled from the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> area profile <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/biodiversity-risk-standards\/\">Biodiversity and nature risk standards<\/a>: the hazards it names, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/system-builder\/\">System Builder<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin\" data-ns-data=\"nx-twin-es-topics-species-and-genetic-diversity-G05\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards registry and area profiles; Nexus Hazard Standard NHS-1 1.1.0\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin-static\"><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h25\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.forest.deforestation\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Forest and woodland stress\" data-td=\"Clearing of forest for other land uses, losing habitat, carbon storage and watershed protection.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H25\" data-tr=\"draft\">Deforestation<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h27\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.species.biodiversity-loss\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Biodiversity and species stress\" data-td=\"Decline in the variety and abundance of species and habitats that weakens services such as pollination, fisheries and soil formation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H27\" data-tr=\"draft\">Biodiversity loss<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h21\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 geo.surface.soil-erosion\" data-tk=\"Solid Earth \u00b7 Erosion and sediment movement\" data-td=\"Loss of topsoil to water or wind, stripping fertility and filling reservoirs and channels downstream.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H21\" data-tr=\"draft\">Soil erosion<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Land-system change boundary transgression (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Amazon rainforest dieback (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Slope slide (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Flash flood (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Zoonotic spillover event (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\">Wildfire<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Emerging arbovirus outbreak (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Malaria resurgence (set off downstream)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systems and couplings<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/biodiversity-risk-standards\/\">Biodiversity and nature risk standards<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/climate-risk-standards\/\">Climate risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Feedback<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/health\/health-risk-standards\/\">Health risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Cascade<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/food-risk-standards\/\">Food and agriculture risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Dependency<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/environmental-degradation-hazard-standards\/\">Environmental degradation hazard standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Shared hazard records<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><code>NS-0<\/code> Constitution and principles<\/li><li><code>NS-1<\/code> The <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> and the artefact catalogue (grammar v0.2: domain, sector, region and environment segments)<\/li><li><code>NS-3<\/code> Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/li><li><code>NS-3b<\/code> Dataset and product metadata profile (STAC, DCAT, PROV-O)<\/li><li><code>NS-5<\/code> Figure, map and visualisation standard (with the UI\/UX kit)<\/li><li><code>NS-9<\/code> Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/li><li><code>NS-11<\/code> Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/li><li><code>NRS-N5<\/code> Biodiversity and nature risk and resilience<\/li><li><code>NRS-H65<\/code> Hazard family: Planetary boundary transgressions (NHS-1 planet.boundary)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H27<\/code> Hazard family: Biodiversity and species stress (NHS-1 eco.species)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H26<\/code> Hazard family: Land and wetland degradation (NHS-1 eco.land)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H28<\/code> Hazard family: Climate-state shifts (NHS-1 eco.climate-state)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H64<\/code> Hazard family: Ecosystem regime shifts (NHS-1 eco.regime-shift)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Observation<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>GBIF occurrence API and downloads (listed for reference)<\/li><li>World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Global Forest Watch tree cover loss (Hansen\/UMD) and alerts (listed for reference)<\/li><li>ESA WorldCover 10 m land cover (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Copernicus Land Monitoring Service products (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Red List Index<\/li><li>Forest area as a proportion of total land area<\/li><li>Proportion of important sites for terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity covered by protected areas<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Example geography<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Pacific Island states: 150 hexagonal cells<\/li><li>Vegetation disturbance alerts, 30 m (OPERA DIST-ALERT), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-2\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-label=\"Indicators, Methods and evidence, Sources, Decisions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Indicators, Methods and evidence, Sources, Decisions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-indicators\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Indicators<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-audience\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Methods and evidence<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-sources\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Sources<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-decisions\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Decisions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Red List Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">dimensionless index of aggregate extinction risk<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per reassessment cycle<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">IUCN Red List assessments<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Living Planet Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">index relative to a baseline year<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">biennial<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Compiled vertebrate population time series<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Species Habitat Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of suitable habitat retained relative to baseline<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Remote sensing with species range models<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Populations above the effective size threshold<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of populations assessed<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Census and genetic estimates of effective population size<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Georeferenced occurrence records<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">count of records per taxon and grid cell<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">continuous<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Natural history collections and observation networks<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Threatened species in a site or range<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">count of species by Red List category<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per assessment<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">IUCN range maps intersected with sites<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Abundance trend of monitored populations<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent change per year<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Standardised surveys such as breeding bird counts<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/species-and-genetic-diversity\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and evidence<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How species and genetic diversity is modelled, measured and tested.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The model, its assumptions, its data and its uncertainty, in the form a scientist or engineer would check. Structures follow published methods. The values drawn are illustrative, not findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"science\" data-au-n=\"1\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"eo-chain\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Earth observation chain<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">How a satellite or sensor record becomes evidence on species and genetic diversity, and where each step adds uncertainty.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-au-chain\"><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">01 \u00b7 Acquire<\/span><span>orbit, sensor and revisit<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: gaps from cloud and orbit<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">02 \u00b7 Calibrate<\/span><span>radiometric and geometric<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: sensor drift<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">03 \u00b7 Correct<\/span><span>atmosphere and terrain<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: aerosol and slope assumptions<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">04 \u00b7 Retrieve or classify<\/span><span>the variable or the class<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: model and training error<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">05 \u00b7 Validate<\/span><span>against ground truth<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: sample design and size<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-au-k\">06 \u00b7 Publish<\/span><span>with error bars and lineage<\/span><span class=\"nx-au-n\">Uncertainty: stated, never hidden<\/span><\/li><\/ol><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Processing chain in the CEOS Analysis Ready Data sense; each step records its uncertainty before a figure is drawn. A generic structure, not results.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">FAIR guiding principles \u00b7 GO FAIR and FORCE11<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">W3C PROV \u00b7 World Wide Web Consortium<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Guidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties \u00b7 IPCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">CEOS Analysis Ready Data \u00b7 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Extinction-risk assessments, range maps, threats and conservation actions<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free for non-commercial use, terms of use<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Species occurrence records from collections, surveys and citizen science<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">CC0, CC BY or CC BY-NC per dataset<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Living Planet Index database<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Vertebrate population time series compiled from published sources<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free for non-commercial use, terms of use<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">BioTIME<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Assemblage time series of species abundance at fixed locations<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Terms per study, mostly open with attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">INSDC sequence archives and the Barcode of Life Data System<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Genetic sequences and DNA barcodes for identification and diversity estimates<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public, no restrictions on INSDC; open with attribution on BOLD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">eBird Basic Dataset (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Checklist-based bird observations with effort information<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free for non-commercial use, terms of use<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National biodiversity monitoring schemes<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Standardised counts such as breeding bird and butterfly monitoring<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per scheme<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G05\/topics\/species-and-genetic-diversity\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Biodiversity Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Environment ministries and CBD national focal points<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which species and populations need recovery action, and how genetic diversity is reported in the national strategy<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Red List status, population trends, effective size estimates where they exist<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Wildlife and protected-area agencies<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Where to survey, protect or translocate, and which threats to address first<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Distribution models, threat maps, record gaps<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">CITES management and scientific authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether trade in a species is non-detrimental to its survival in the wild<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Population status and trend, harvest and trade records, the uncertainty in each<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Infrastructure developers and their lenders<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether a site holds critical habitat for threatened or range-restricted species<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Red List ranges, Key Biodiversity Areas and occurrence records at the site, with gaps stated<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Species evidence notes with record coverage and gaps mapped<\/li><li>Distribution models with range and uncertainty stated<\/li><li>Population trend summaries that separate data-rich and data-poor groups<\/li><li>Genetic diversity monitoring guides aligned to the Kunming-Montreal indicators<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-3\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-label=\"Core questions, Mechanisms and drivers, Methods and data, Methods\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Core questions, Mechanisms and drivers, Methods and data, Methods\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Core questions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-mechanisms-and-drivers\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Mechanisms and drivers<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Methods and data<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Methods<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Experts studying species and genetic diversity return to a common set of questions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Which populations are declining, how fast, and what is driving the decline?<\/li><li>Which species are at risk of extinction, and how reliable is the evidence behind that assessment?<\/li><li>How much genetic diversity remains in wild populations and in the crops and livestock societies depend on?<\/li><li>Which species play outsized roles, such as pollinators, predators or habitat builders, whose loss would cascade?<\/li><li>How will species ranges shift as climate changes, and can populations move or adapt fast enough?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms-and-drivers\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms and drivers<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How populations shrink and lose their capacity to adapt.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Populations decline when habitat is lost or fragmented, when individuals are harvested faster than they reproduce, when invasive species or diseases arrive, or when the climate moves outside their tolerance. Small, isolated populations then face further risks of their own: random fluctuations in births and deaths, inbreeding, and the loss of rare genetic variants through drift. These processes can carry a population towards extinction even after the original pressure has eased, a pattern often described as an <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h65\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 planet.boundary.genetic-diversity-erosion\" data-tk=\"Planetary boundaries and Earth-system tipping \u00b7 Planetary boundary transgressions\" data-td=\"Species extinction and loss of genetic variety running far above the background rate, permanently narrowing the biological options ecosystems and food systems rely on to adapt.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H65\" data-tr=\"draft\">extinction debt<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Genetic diversity matters because it sets the range of responses available to a population when conditions change. Domesticated species face the same issue: narrowing the genetic base of crops and livestock can raise productivity while increasing vulnerability to a single pest or disease. Loss of a functionally important species, such as a dominant grazer or a pollinator, can change an entire ecosystem.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the evidence is built, and where it stops.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Population monitoring<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Repeated counts, transects, camera traps and citizen science records reveal trends. Coverage is uneven, biased towards well-studied groups and accessible places.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Extinction risk assessment<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Standard criteria combine population size, decline and range. Many species lack the data to be assessed at all.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Environmental DNA<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">DNA fragments in water or soil can detect species without seeing them. Detection is not abundance, and reference libraries are incomplete.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Population genetics<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Genetic sampling estimates effective population size and connectivity. It is still rare outside a few species, and its analysis draws on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/spatial-statistics\/\">spatial statistics<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/ecology\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Ecology and biodiversity science<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Species distribution modelling \u00b7 Population trend and viability analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/ecology\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Ecology and biodiversity science\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/spatial-statistics\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Spatial statistics and geostatistics<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Bias-corrected distribution surfaces \u00b7 Hotspots of change and threat<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/spatial-statistics\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Spatial statistics and geostatistics\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/earth-observation\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Earth observation and remote sensing<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Forest loss and disturbance alerts \u00b7 Wetland and mangrove dynamics<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/earth-observation\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Earth observation and remote sensing\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/causal-inference\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Causal inference and impact evaluation<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Protected area effectiveness \u00b7 Restoration and payment programme evaluation<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/causal-inference\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Causal inference and impact evaluation\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/stem\/geospatial\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Geospatial information systems<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Overlap with sensitive biodiversity \u00b7 Connectivity and corridor analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/geospatial\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Geospatial information systems\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Occurrence records concentrate in wealthy countries, accessible places and well-known groups such as birds and mammals; most invertebrates, fungi and marine species are poorly sampled. Absence of records is not evidence of absence. Population indices weight the series that exist, not the species that matter most. Genetic monitoring is new in most countries, so proxy indicators carry their own label. Biodiversity Nexus does not list or delist species; assessors and authorities do.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-4\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" aria-label=\"Sources, Questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Sources, Questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Sources<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-17-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Where this page&#8217;s references<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page&#8217;s references lead.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1229931\"><span>Pereira and others, Essential Biodiversity Variables, Science 339 (2013)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/\"><span>IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/\"><span>Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/gbf\"><span>Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and its monitoring framework, CBD decisions 15\/4 and 15\/5 (2022)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-17-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-17\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">17<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>Why do different biodiversity indices show different trends?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Each measures something different: extinction risk, average change in monitored populations, or habitat retained. They answer different questions and draw on different species, so they are read together, not averaged.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does a species record mean the species is still there?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. A record shows that an individual was observed or collected at a place and time. Distribution models and recent surveys are needed to judge current presence, and every map states the age of its records.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why monitor genetic diversity and not only species?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because genetic variation is what allows populations to adapt to disease and a changing climate. The Kunming-Montreal framework includes genetic diversity in its goals, and it can be lost long before a species disappears.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why care about genetic diversity if a species is still common?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because common species can lose much of their genetic variation through fragmentation or bottlenecks, which reduces their ability to adapt to disease or climate change even while numbers look healthy.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are extinction risk lists complete?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Assessments cover a fraction of known species, and many invertebrates, plants and fungi have never been assessed. Absence from a list is not evidence of safety.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can environmental DNA replace field surveys?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">It complements them. It is sensitive for detection but says little about abundance, age structure or breeding, which still need direct observation.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Observatory Signal<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See every way to contribute<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/biodiversity-nexus\/topics\/species-and-genetic-diversity#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. 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