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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n1ndma9a.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"gcri\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> \u00b7 Critical Infrastructure<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Critical Infrastructure<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">Reliability and resilience of lifeline infrastructure and the services on which communities and economies rely. <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> is an established platform of The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/about\/\">Open Mandate and publisher <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/about\/\">About GCRI<\/a><\/div><\/div><dl class=\"nx-scene-stats nx-es-stats\"><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">STEM methods<\/dt><dd>12<\/dd><dd class=\"nx-scene-stat-note\">Canonical methods this field applies<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topics<\/dt><dd>9<\/dd><dd class=\"nx-scene-stat-note\">Subject pages in the field<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Counterparts<\/dt><dd>3<\/dd><dd class=\"nx-scene-stat-note\">Platforms in shared fields across the network<\/dd><\/div><div><dt class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Report series<\/dt><dd>2<\/dd><dd class=\"nx-scene-stat-note\">Reports series it contributes to<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the work runs.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"dag\"><div class=\"nx-hero-canvas\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Systems<\/strong> \u00b7 around this subject<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Illustrative<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-infra-criticality\" data-cx=\"infra.criticality\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Asset criticality register: illustrative console with example names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Asset criticality register<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Lifeline system A \u00b7 Register v9<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure&#8217;s values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>7 critical assets in flood zone<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Critical Infrastructure<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"4\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Critical assets<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-infra-criticality-t0\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-infra-criticality-t0\" aria-label=\"Critical assets\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Asset<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Sector<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Criticality<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">Hazard exposure<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c4\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c4\">Backup (h)<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-infra-criticality:r0-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-current=\"true\" data-cur=\"true\"><td>SS-12<\/td><td>Electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Tier 1<\/span><\/td><td>Flood 1-in-100<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"22\">22<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-infra-criticality:r0-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>WTW-2<\/td><td>Water<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Tier 1<\/span><\/td><td>Flood 1-in-100<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"30\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-infra-criticality:r0-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>DX-1<\/td><td>Telecom<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Tier 2<\/span><\/td><td>Heat<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"8\">8<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-infra-criticality:r0-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>H-Campus<\/td><td>Health<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Tier 1<\/span><\/td><td>Earthquake<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"95\">95<\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-infra-criticality:r0-4\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>PN-3<\/td><td>Transport<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Tier 2<\/span><\/td><td>Storm surge<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">n\/a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"2\" data-t=\"kv\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">SS-12 dependencies<\/h4><\/div><\/div><dl class=\"nx-fk-dl\"><div><dt>Upstream<\/dt><dd>Transmission L4, L7<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Downstream<\/dt><dd>WTW-2, H-Campus, DX-1<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Restoration target<\/dt><dd>16 h<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Owner<\/dt><dd>Asset owner<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"map\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Dependency graph<\/h4><p class=\"nx-fk-panel-sub\">red: SS-12 and its dependants<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-map\"><svg class=\"nx-cx-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 480 250\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Dependency graph: schematic on example geography. Illustrative.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Restoration time by sector<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 520 210\" width=\"520\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-label=\"Restoration time by sector\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-infra-criticality-c3\"><g data-m=\"axes\"><line data-m=\"grid\" x1=\"40\" x2=\"510\" y1=\"180\" y2=\"180\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"34\" y=\"183.5\" text-anchor=\"end\">0<\/text><line data-m=\"grid\" x1=\"40\" x2=\"510\" y1=\"98\" y2=\"98\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"34\" y=\"101.5\" text-anchor=\"end\">50<\/text><line data-m=\"grid\" x1=\"40\" x2=\"510\" y1=\"16\" y2=\"16\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"34\" y=\"19.5\" text-anchor=\"end\">100<\/text><text data-m=\"label\" x=\"40\" y=\"6\" text-anchor=\"start\">hours to restore after outage, last events<\/text><\/g><line data-m=\"axis\" x1=\"40\" x2=\"510\" y1=\"180\" y2=\"180\"\/><g data-m=\"col\" data-k=\"c-b0\"><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b0\" data-c=\"s4\" x=\"53.2\" y=\"101.3\" width=\"67.7\" height=\"78.7\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"87\" y=\"194\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Power<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"40\" y=\"16\" width=\"94\" height=\"164\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"col\" data-k=\"c-b1\"><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b1\" data-c=\"s4\" x=\"147.2\" y=\"134.1\" width=\"67.7\" height=\"45.9\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"181\" y=\"194\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Water<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"134\" y=\"16\" width=\"94\" height=\"164\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"col\" data-k=\"c-b2\"><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b2\" data-c=\"neg\" x=\"241.2\" y=\"75\" width=\"67.7\" height=\"105\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"275\" y=\"194\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Telecom<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"228\" y=\"16\" width=\"94\" height=\"164\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"col\" data-k=\"c-b3\"><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b3\" data-c=\"s4\" x=\"335.2\" y=\"129.2\" width=\"67.7\" height=\"50.8\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"369\" y=\"194\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Health<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"322\" y=\"16\" width=\"94\" height=\"164\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"col\" data-k=\"c-b4\"><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b4\" data-c=\"s4\" x=\"429.2\" y=\"139\" width=\"67.7\" height=\"41\"\/><text data-m=\"tick\" x=\"463\" y=\"194\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Roads<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"416\" y=\"16\" width=\"94\" height=\"164\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Asset criticality register: the screen&#8217;s structure, terms and states for Lifeline system A.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Example names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig.<\/strong><span>Asset criticality register: example names and illustrative values, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-1\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Frameworks, Simulator, Topics\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Frameworks, Simulator, Topics\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-frameworks\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Frameworks<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-instrument\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Simulator<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-4-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Topics<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-frameworks\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Frameworks<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What the work is read against.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The platform does not set standards. It reads its evidence against the frameworks that competent bodies have adopted, so a finding can be placed where a decision-maker already works.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Framework or standard<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it sets<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">Principles for Resilient Infrastructure<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">UNDRR<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Principles and a stress-testing approach for national infrastructure resilience<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">Critical Entities Resilience Directive<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">European Parliament and Council of the European Union<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Obligations on member states and critical entities to assess risk and take resilience measures<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">NIS2 Directive<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">European Parliament and Council of the European Union<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Cybersecurity risk management and incident reporting duties for essential and important entities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">ISO 55000 series Asset management<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">International Organization for Standardization<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Principles and requirements for managing physical assets over their life cycle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> target D<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">United Nations, with UNDRR as custodian<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Reduce disaster damage to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">critical infrastructure<\/a> and disruption of basic services<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">NERC Reliability Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">North American Electric Reliability Corporation<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Mandatory standards for planning and operating the bulk power system in North America<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">International Ship and Port Facility Security Code<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">International Maritime Organization<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Security requirements for ships and port facilities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">Hospital Safety Index<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">WHO and PAHO<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Assessment of the structural, non-structural and functional safety of health facilities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Framework or standard\">Global Infrastructure Resilience report<\/td><td data-label=\"Body\">Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it sets\">Analysis of infrastructure risk and resilience across sectors and countries<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-instrument\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-ns-layout=\"es-wide\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">A cascade through interdependent networks.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 hazard-footprint\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The mapped area and intensity field of a particular hazard event, used to overlay exposure and compute consequences.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">hazard footprint<\/a> takes out co-located assets in every layer; fragmentation, dependency between layers and overload of the survivors then spread the failure. The 3D view separates the layers by depth. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction. The map on this page shows Western Europe; the model itself is not tied to a place.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-in nx-fk\" id=\"nx-in-critical-infrastructure-0\" data-nxi=\"cascade\" data-nxi-id=\"cascade\" data-nxi-z=\"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\" aria-label=\"A cascade through interdependent networks\"><div class=\"nx-in-body\"><div class=\"nx-in-main\"><div class=\"nx-in-tabs\" data-nxi-tabs=\"true\" aria-label=\"Views of the model\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"result\">Result<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"layers\">Layers in 3D<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"fan\">Uncertainty<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"tornado\">Sensitivity<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"loops\">Loops<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-stage\" id=\"nx-in-critical-infrastructure-0-stage\" data-nxi-stage=\"true\" data-view=\"result\"><svg class=\"nx-in-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 720 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Cascade by layer\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"nx-in-tip\" data-nxi-tip=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><div class=\"nx-in-bar\" data-nxi-bar=\"true\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Play over time\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-prev=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step back\">&#8249;<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-play=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Play<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-next=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step forward\">&#8250;<\/button><span class=\"nx-in-step\" data-nxi-step=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-side\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><div class=\"nx-in-ctl\" data-nxi-ctl=\"true\"><dl class=\"nx-in-pv\"><div><dt>Assets per layer<\/dt><dd>18<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Hazard footprint<\/dt><dd>8% of area<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Assets that depend on another layer<\/dt><dd>60%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Spare capacity (tolerance)<\/dt><dd>30%<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Readouts<\/p><dl class=\"nx-in-out\" data-nxi-out=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><div><dt>Assets hit by the hazard<\/dt><dd>20%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Assets still working<\/dt><dd>41%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Amplification of the initial damage<\/dt><dd>2.9 times<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Steps to settle<\/dt><dd>2<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/div><details class=\"nx-in-more\"><summary>Numbers, methods and sources<\/summary><div class=\"nx-in-more-in\"><div class=\"nx-in-tblw\" data-nxi-table=\"true\"><table class=\"nx-in-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Transport working (%)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Power working (%)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Telecoms working (%)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">0<\/th><td>83<\/td><td>72<\/td><td>83<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">1<\/th><td>72<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>61<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">2<\/th><td>61<\/td><td>11<\/td><td>50<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-csv=\"true\" hidden>Download the numbers (CSV)<\/button><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Methods<\/h4><ol class=\"nx-in-meth\"><li>Interdependent networks <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Buldyrev and others (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464<\/span><\/li><li>Overload cascades <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Motter and Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66<\/span><\/li><li>Betweenness load <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25<\/span><\/li><li>Multilayer networks <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Kivela and others (2014), Journal of Complex Networks 2<\/span><\/li><li>Infrastructure interdependencies <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Rinaldi, Peerenboom and Kelly (2001), IEEE Control Systems 21(6)<\/span><\/li><li>Uncertainty fan (parameter Monte Carlo) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333<\/span><\/li><li>One-at-a-time sensitivity (tornado) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Data<\/h4><p class=\"nx-p\">The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page&#8217;s map can draw:<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-src\"><li>Major roads <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Railways <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Seaports <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Airports <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Urban extents <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">NASA\/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP) \u00b7 register nasa.gibs.context-live-layers<\/span><\/li><li>Natural events (NASA EONET) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">NASA EONET \u00b7 register nasa.eonet.events<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/details><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\">A cascade through interdependent networks. Illustrative teaching model: it runs on the values set by the controls, not on measured data. Methods: Interdependent networks (Buldyrev and others (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464); Overload cascades (Motter and Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66); Betweenness load (Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25).<\/figcaption><div class=\"nx-in-pls\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-pl\" aria-label=\"Where this instrument connects across the pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Experiments<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Built in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/foundry\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Tested at<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/universe\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Codified in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/\">Energy and Critical Infrastructure in Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Published in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/reports\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Taught in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/infrastructure-energy\/\">Faculty of Infrastructure, Energy and Industry in Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><span class=\"nx-in-keep\" hidden><i data-c=\"c1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c4\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c6\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"h3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"neg\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"0\"><\/i><i data-l=\"1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"2\"><\/i><i data-l=\"3\"><\/i><i data-l=\"4\"><\/i><i data-l=\"5\"><\/i><i data-on=\"0\"><\/i><i data-on=\"1\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"p\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"n\"><\/i><i data-k=\"R\"><\/i><i data-k=\"B\"><\/i><i data-k=\"dash\"><\/i><i data-dash=\"true\"><\/i><i data-view=\"result\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"on\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"off\"><\/i><i class=\"nx-in-svg nx-in-grid nx-in-ax nx-in-tk nx-in-at nx-in-ln nx-in-band nx-in-lbl nx-in-lk nx-in-ref nx-in-reft nx-in-mk nx-in-x nx-in-rect nx-in-val nx-in-rowl nx-in-cl nx-in-arrow nx-in-pol nx-in-cln nx-in-loop nx-in-edge nx-in-node nx-in-nl nx-in-reach nx-in-trib nx-in-agent nx-in-flow nx-in-legend nx-in-sw nx-in-note nx-in-loops nx-in-3d nx-in-cv nx-in-field nx-in-fl nx-in-fv nx-in-range nx-in-btn nx-in-err nx-in-tbl nx-in-cite\"><\/i><\/span><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-4-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topics<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The questions this field works on.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cards\" data-cols=\"3\"><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/electricity-and-lifelines\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Electricity and lifelines<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Dependency of services on power.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/water-and-wastewater-assets\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Water and wastewater assets<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Facilities, utility networks and service areas.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/telecommunications-and-cables\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Telecommunications and cables<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Communications, data links and shared dependencies.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/transport-and-logistics-nodes\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Transport and logistics nodes<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Ports, roads, rail and supply routes.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/healthcare-and-emergency-services\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Healthcare and emergency services<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Essential facility dependencies.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/urban-assets-and-housing\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Urban assets and housing<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Buildings, heat and climate exposures.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/interdependency-and-cascade\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Interdependency and cascade<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Shared failure points and restoration sequence.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/asset-standards-and-safety\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Asset standards and safety<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Operator authority and engineering assurance.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/transport-and-mobility\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Topic<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Transport and mobility<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mobility networks, ports, rail and critical access.<\/p><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-2\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Twin and cascade simulator, Overview, Risk and response\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Twin and cascade simulator, Overview, Risk and response\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-twin\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-overview\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Overview<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-nexus\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Risk and response<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-twin\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-span=\"wide\" data-ns-layout=\"twin\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Model Critical Infrastructure as a system. Run the cascade.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Assembled from the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> area profile <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/critical-infrastructure-and-critical-entities\/\">Critical infrastructure and critical entities<\/a>: the hazards it names, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/system-builder\/\">System Builder<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin\" data-ns-data=\"nx-twin-es-home-G-P04\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards registry and area profiles; Nexus Hazard Standard NHS-1 1.1.0\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin-static\"><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h47\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.structural.dam-failure\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Structural and civil failure\" data-td=\"Breach or collapse of a dam, sending a sudden flood wave downstream.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H47\" data-tr=\"draft\">Dam failure<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.fluvial\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"River discharge exceeding channel capacity so that water spills over the banks and covers the floodplain for days.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\">River flood<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Flash flood (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Mass displacement (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Widespread power outage (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Water supply shortfall (set off downstream)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systems and couplings<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/critical-infrastructure-and-critical-entities\/\">Critical infrastructure and critical entities<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/energy-risk-standards\/\">Energy risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Dependency<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/space-weather-and-timing-risk-standards\/\">Space weather, spectrum and timing risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Common-mode dependency<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/\">Compound and cascading hazard standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Cascade<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/digital-ai\/cyber-resilience-and-digital-operational-resilience\/\">Cyber resilience and digital operational resilience<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Common driver<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><code>NS-0<\/code> Constitution and principles<\/li><li><code>NS-3<\/code> Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/li><li><code>NS-9<\/code> Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/li><li><code>NS-10<\/code> Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)<\/li><li><code>NS-11<\/code> Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H61<\/code> Hazard family: Cascading failure (NHS-1 sys.cascade)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H94<\/code> Hazard family: Systemic cyber events (NHS-1 cyber.systemic-cyber)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H107<\/code> Hazard family: Digital infrastructure concentration and monoculture (NHS-1 tech.digital-concentration)<\/li><li><code>NRS-K31<\/code> Domain pack profile: Cyber national resilience (DOMAIN-031)<\/li><li><code>NRS-K36<\/code> Domain pack profile: Critical infrastructure (DOMAIN-036)<\/li><li><code>NRS-K48<\/code> Domain pack profile: Financial system resilience (DOMAIN-048)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Observation<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>OpenStreetMap planet and replication (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Global Power Plant Database (listed for reference)<\/li><li>NASA Black Marble night-time lights (VNP46) (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Global Human Settlement Layer (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Damage to critical infrastructure attributed to disasters<\/li><li>Number of disruptions to basic services attributed to disasters<\/li><li>Proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Example geography<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Europe: 113 hexagonal cells<\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-overview\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Overview<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What Critical Infrastructure does.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical infrastructure<\/a> resilience is the ability of lifeline <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> such as power, water, telecommunications, transport and health services to keep delivering essential services through shocks and to recover quickly. It depends on design standards, redundancy, maintenance and the dependencies between systems. GCRI prepares evidence; operators, regulators and governments decide.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M16 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-4-4H6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v2\"\/><circle cx=\"9\" cy=\"7\" r=\"4\"\/><path d=\"M22 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-3-3.87\"\/><path d=\"M16 3.13a4 4 0 0 1 0 7.75\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Who it serves<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Its community<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Infrastructure operators; engineers; utilities; asset managers; public planners.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6 18h8\"\/><path d=\"M3 22h18\"\/><path d=\"M14 22a7 7 0 1 0 0-14h-1\"\/><path d=\"M9 14h2\"\/><path d=\"M9 12a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6h6v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 6V3a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">How it works<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Its methods<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Network flow; asset dependencies; service restoration modelling.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M15 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V7Z\"\/><path d=\"M14 2v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><path d=\"M10 9H8\"\/><path d=\"M16 13H8\"\/><path d=\"M16 17H8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What it produces<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Its outputs<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Lifeline dependency map methods; critical-services continuity notes.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nexus\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-nx-duo=\"true\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-sec-nexus-h\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Risk and response<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-sec-nexus-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Coupled risk, applied response.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede nx-nduo-lede\" data-lede=\"The sectors {s} touches and how strongly they depend on each other: what a study has to observe and model together.\">The sectors <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.pluvial\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"Water ponding and running over land where intense rain exceeds the capacity of the ground and the drains, away from any river.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\">urban flood<\/a> touches and how strongly they depend on each other: what a study has to observe and model together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-nduo\" data-active=\"sig\" data-compose=\"pair\"><div class=\"nx-nduo-seg\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Show\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-nduo=\"sig\" aria-pressed=\"true\">A \u00b7 Risk<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-nduo=\"phex\" aria-pressed=\"false\">B \u00b7 Response<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-nduo-ctx\"><p class=\"nx-nduo-ctxk\">Choose a context<\/p><div class=\"nx-nsig-strip\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Signatures in context\" hidden><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nduo-pair\"><figure class=\"nx-nsig nx-nduo-fig\" data-nx-sig=\"WEIH\" data-sig-ctx=\"urban-flood\" data-sig-name=\"Urban flood\" data-sig-line=\"Flooded streets take out substations, pumping stations and clinic access together; drinking water fails when power does.\" data-sig-inst=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\" data-nduo-pane=\"sig\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span><b class=\"nx-nduo-ab\">A<\/b>Coupled risk across six sectors<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">6 \/ 15 relations<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Sector signature hexagon: Water, Energy, Infrastructure and Health selected, 6 of 15 relations in play, coupling 0.46. Teaching values.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-phex-apply nx-nsig-load\"><p class=\"nx-phex-aphd\"><span>Sectors \u00b7 <b class=\"nx-phex-apn\">Urban flood<\/b><\/span><span>Stress<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"nx-phex-aps\"><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"0\" data-key=\"W\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">W<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Water<\/b> first hit, then depends on infrastructure for pipes, dams and treatment works<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\"><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span>0.86<\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"1\" data-key=\"E\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">E<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Energy<\/b> depends on water for cooling water and hydropower<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\"><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span>0.37<\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"2\" data-key=\"I\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">I<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Infrastructure<\/b> first hit, then depends on energy for power for transport and telecoms<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\"><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span>0.83<\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap\" data-k=\"3\" data-key=\"F\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">F<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Food<\/b> outside this context<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">\u2013<\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"4\" data-key=\"H\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">H<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Health<\/b> depends on water for drinking water and sanitation<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\"><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span>0.41<\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap\" data-k=\"5\" data-key=\"B\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">B<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Biodiversity<\/b> outside this context<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">\u2013<\/span><\/button><\/li><\/ol><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">Illustrative: a teaching cascade over teaching values, not measurements.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"nx-nduo-bridge\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-nduo-bridge-l\">applied to<\/span><span class=\"nx-nduo-bridge-a\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><figure class=\"nx-nsig nx-phex nx-nduo-fig\" data-nx-phex=\"01235\" data-phex-ctx=\"whole\" data-phex=\"{&quot;S&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;labs&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;L&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Labs&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Labs&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Experiments&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Turns open questions into designed experiments&quot;,&quot;Prototypes new methods, data pipelines and tools&quot;,&quot;Records failures and limits alongside results&quot;,&quot;Hands reproducible prototypes to the Foundry&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;F&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Foundry&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Foundry&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Builds&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Builds the cycle's software, data and environments&quot;,&quot;Simulates scenarios and runs benchmarks&quot;,&quot;Monitors hazards, systems and evidence&quot;,&quot;Develops and tracks the National Portfolio&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;U&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Universe&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Universe&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Convenes and tests&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/programmes\/nexus-universe\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/universe.nexus\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Sets the annual mandate and admits missions&quot;,&quot;Runs readiness, the controlled build and Action Week&quot;,&quot;Stands down temporary capacity and seals evidence&quot;,&quot;Reviews the year and renews the mandate&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;standards&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;S&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Standards&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Nexus Standards&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Codify and correct&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Identifies every artefact with a UNI&quot;,&quot;Routes work to the standards that apply&quot;,&quot;Validates and monitors conformance evidence&quot;,&quot;Takes cycle findings as change proposals&quot;,&quot;Records national adoption&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;reports&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;R&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Reports&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Reports&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Publishes&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-cycle\/publish\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Publishes four editions a year, with Q4 as the annual flagship&quot;,&quot;Maintains country and regional profiles&quot;,&quot;Publishes exponential technology streams&quot;,&quot;Records corrections and method changes&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;academy&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;A&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Academy&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Risk Academy&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Teaches&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Publishes a course for every system, standard and programme role&quot;,&quot;Assesses learning on real cycle tasks&quot;,&quot;Issues microcredentials and achievements through accountable issuers&quot;,&quot;Feeds qualified people into the next cycle&quot;]}],&quot;H&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F01&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision case&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F02&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Core Build Report and go or no-go evidence&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F03&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F04&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F05&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;National Portfolio movement for chapter 11&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F06&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CORRECTION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Method and correction findings as change proposals&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F07&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;DOCKET_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Docket items that need a standard or a profile&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F08&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Composed mission profiles and national adoption records&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F09&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Each adopted standard or profile becomes a course module&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F10&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Assessed cycle tasks become completion evidence&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F11&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:5,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Qualified participants for the next cycle's roles&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F12&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F13&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Validation and monitoring evidence for conformance review&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F14&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;PLANNING&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Each system's rooms become a learning-by-doing course&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R1&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Applied in editions&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R2&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Taught in the open&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R3&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:5,&quot;t&quot;:0,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Questions become experiments&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R4&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:0,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Tested prototypes are built&quot;}],&quot;PH&quot;:[[&quot;PLANNING&quot;,&quot;Planning&quot;],[&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;Readiness preparation&quot;],[&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;Controlled build&quot;],[&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;Closeout&quot;],[&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;After-action review&quot;],[&quot;CORRECTION&quot;,&quot;Correction&quot;],[&quot;DOCKET_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;Docket review&quot;],[&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;Renewal&quot;]],&quot;L&quot;:[[1,3],[1,2],[2,5],[2,4],[1,5,2],[1,4,3],[1,4,2],[1,2,3],[2,3,5],[1,5,2,3],[1,4,2,3],[1,3,5,2],[1,2,4,3],[2,4,3,5],[1,5,2,4,3],[1,4,3,5,2],[0,1,2,3,4,5]],&quot;CTX&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;whole&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;The whole programme&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[0,1,2,3,4,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year's feedback loops.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;practice&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;From prototype to practice&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[0,1,2,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;A Labs prototype is built in the Foundry, tested in a Universe mission and codified as a standard.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;build-test&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Build and test&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,2],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;The Foundry builds what a mission needs; Universe returns the go or no-go evidence.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;conformance&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Conformance&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Validation evidence goes to Standards for review; composed profiles come back for the next build.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;correction&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;A finding becomes a correction&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,4,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Observations are published, a method finding becomes a change proposal, the corrected profile returns to the build.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mandate&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Setting the next mandate&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[2,4],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;After-action findings go into the editions; the Q4 synthesis informs next year's mandate.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;people&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;People for the next cycle&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[2,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Assessed cycle tasks become completion evidence; qualified participants take roles in the next cycle.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;learning&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Learning by doing&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,2,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Each system's rooms become a course; learners join missions, and missions return to the Foundry.&quot;}],&quot;AP&quot;:{&quot;urban-flood&quot;:{&quot;lead&quot;:[&quot;labs&quot;,&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;standards&quot;,&quot;academy&quot;],&quot;slots&quot;:[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;disrupt&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;risk&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$390B&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;a year at least, in infrastructure disruption costs to households and firms in low- and middle-income countries&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;At least, by households and firms in low- and middle-income countries to infrastructure disruptions&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;roi4&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;benefit to cost&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Net benefit of more resilient infrastructure in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;warn30&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;avoid&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;30%&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;less damage with 24 hours' warning of a storm or heatwave&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;With 24 hours' warning of a coming storm or heatwave&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Global Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/gca.org\/reports\/adapt-now-a-global-call-for-leadership-on-climate-resilience\/&quot;}],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;roi4&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;benefit to cost&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Net benefit of more resilient infrastructure in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Flood-depth nowcast from rain gauges and terrain&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Warning lead time&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;30%&quot;},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;City twin links substations, pumps and clinics to flood depth&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Lifelines modelled&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEIH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Exercise: keep water and power running through a 1-in-100 flood&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Hours to restore&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Shared asset records so utilities exchange outage data&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Agencies sharing records&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;City flood profile of exposed lifelines&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Assets profiled&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;I&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$390B&quot;},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course for utility and emergency operators&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Operators 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in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},null],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;roi4&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;benefit to cost&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Net benefit of more resilient infrastructure in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Inflow forecasts and sediment models for the reservoir&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Forecast skill&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Basin twin trades power, flood storage and river flows&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Release options tested&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Release-rule exercise with operators and downstream users&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Users at the table&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WE&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Common records for releases, flows and fish passage&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Flow records shared&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Basin profile: storage, output and river health&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Basin indicators&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course on multi-purpose reservoir operation&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Operators qualified&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WE&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null}},&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Hydropower reservoir&quot;},&quot;drought&quot;:{&quot;lead&quot;:[&quot;labs&quot;,&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;standards&quot;,&quot;reports&quot;,&quot;academy&quot;],&quot;slots&quot;:[null,{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;adapt71&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$7.1T&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;net benefits&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;From $1.8T invested in five adaptation areas from 2020 to 2030, water management among them&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Global Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/gca.org\/reports\/adapt-now-a-global-call-for-leadership-on-climate-resilience\/&quot;},null],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;adapt71&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$7.1T&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;net benefits&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;From $1.8T invested in five adaptation areas from 2020 to 2030, water management among them&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Global Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/gca.org\/reports\/adapt-now-a-global-call-for-leadership-on-climate-resilience\/&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Drought index from rainfall, soil moisture and river flow&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Lead time to trigger&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WF&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Allocation model for irrigation, cooling and drinking water&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Demand met in drought&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEFH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$7.1T&quot;},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Early-action exercise with water and agriculture ministries&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Days from trigger to action&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WF&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Trigger thresholds and records agencies can share&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Triggers adopted&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WF&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Seasonal drought outlook and food-price signals&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Outlooks issued&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course for basin and food-security officers&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Officers qualified&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WFB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null}},&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Drought&quot;},&quot;heatwave&quot;:{&quot;lead&quot;:[&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;reports&quot;,&quot;academy&quot;],&quot;slots&quot;:[null,null,{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;heat&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;avoid&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;1,190&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;deaths avoided a year&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Estimated after Ahmedabad's heat action plan, the first in South Asia&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Hess et al., J. Environ. Public Health, 2018&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/7973519&quot;}],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;heat&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;avoid&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;1,190&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;deaths avoided a year&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Estimated after Ahmedabad's heat action plan, the first in South Asia&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Hess et al., J. Environ. Public Health, 2018&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/7973519&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Heat-health thresholds from temperature and admissions&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Threshold accuracy&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;H&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Grid peak and river temperature model for the heat season&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Peak hours foreseen&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WE&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Heat action plan exercise with health and grid operators&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Alert-to-action hours&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;1,190&quot;},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Shared heat-alert levels and response records&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Agencies on one 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2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Cascade model of what fails when the grid does&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Dependencies mapped&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Twin of backup fuel, water treatment and cold chains&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Hours of autonomy&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEFH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Black-start exercise across utilities and hospitals&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Hours to restore&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EIH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$390B&quot;},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Interdependency records shared by operators&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Operators sharing&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Lifeline resilience profile&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Outage hours a year&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course on interdependent infrastructure&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Operators qualified&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null}},&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Grid blackout&quot;},&quot;pandemic&quot;:{&quot;lead&quot;:[&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;reports&quot;,&quot;academy&quot;],&quot;slots&quot;:[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;ghrf&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;risk&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$60B+&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;expected losses a year&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Expected annual cost of pandemics, against about $4.5B a year to prepare&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Commission on a Global Health Risk Framework, 2016&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/21891&quot;},null,null],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;ghrf&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;risk&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$60B+&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;expected losses a year&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Expected annual cost of pandemics, against about $4.5B a year to prepare&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Commission on a Global Health Risk Framework, 2016&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/21891&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Workforce-absence scenarios for essential services&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Scenarios tested&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;EIH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Continuity board for clinics, grid and logistics&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Services 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Assessment report on pollinators, 2016&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.ipbes.net\/assessment-reports\/pollinators&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Maps of pollinators and the yields that depend on them&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Area mapped&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$235\u2013577B&quot;},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Yield and diet-quality model by crop&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Crops modelled&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Landscape mission with farmers and conservation agencies&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Hectares in the mission&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Common biodiversity monitoring records&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Sites reporting&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;B&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Nature and nutrition profile&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Indicators tracked&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FHB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course on nature-dependent farming&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Advisers qualified&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;FB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null}},&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Pollinator decline&quot;},&quot;storm-surge&quot;:{&quot;lead&quot;:[&quot;labs&quot;,&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;standards&quot;,&quot;reports&quot;],&quot;slots&quot;:[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;disrupt&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;risk&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$390B&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;a year at least, in infrastructure disruption costs to households and firms in low- and middle-income countries&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;At least, by households and firms in low- and middle-income countries to infrastructure disruptions&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;roi4&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;benefit to cost&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Net benefit of more resilient infrastructure in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;mangrove&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;avoid&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;$80B&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;flood losses avoided a year&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Coastal flood losses that mangroves already prevent worldwide&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;Global Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/gca.org\/reports\/adapt-now-a-global-call-for-leadership-on-climate-resilience\/&quot;}],&quot;head&quot;:{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;roi4&quot;,&quot;slot&quot;:&quot;ret&quot;,&quot;v&quot;:&quot;4 : 1&quot;,&quot;k&quot;:&quot;benefit to cost&quot;,&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Net benefit of more resilient infrastructure in developing countries, over the life of the assets&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:&quot;World Bank, Lifelines, 2019&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805&quot;},&quot;P&quot;:{&quot;labs&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Surge model with mangrove and dune buffers&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Coast modelled&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;IB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$80B&quot;},&quot;foundry&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Coastal twin of ports, substations and water intakes&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Assets in the twin&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;WEI&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;universe&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Evacuation and port-recovery exercise&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Days to reopen port&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;down&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;IH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;standards&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Shared records for coastal assets and defences&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Defences recorded&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;IB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null},&quot;reports&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Coastal risk profile, built and natural defences&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Coast profiled&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;IB&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:&quot;$390B&quot;},&quot;academy&quot;:{&quot;how&quot;:&quot;Course for port and coastal managers&quot;,&quot;kpi&quot;:&quot;Managers qualified&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;up&quot;,&quot;sec&quot;:&quot;IH&quot;,&quot;bench&quot;:null}},&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Coastal storm surge&quot;}}}\" data-phex-applied=\"urban-flood\" data-nduo-pane=\"phex\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span><b class=\"nx-nduo-ab\">B<\/b>Applied response across six pillars<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">11 \/ 18 handoffs<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"The six pillars of the Consortium's programme: 11 of 18 handoffs in play, 8 feedback loops closed.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-phex-apply\"><p class=\"nx-phex-aphd\"><span>Pillars \u00b7 <b class=\"nx-phex-apn\">Urban flood<\/b><\/span><span>KPI<\/span><\/p><ol class=\"nx-phex-aps\"><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"0\" data-sec=\"WI\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">L<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Labs<\/b> Flood-depth nowcast from rain gauges and terrain<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Warning lead time <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"higher is better\">\u2191<\/span><em class=\"nx-phex-bench\">30%<\/em><\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"1\" data-sec=\"WEIH\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">F<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Foundry<\/b> City twin links substations, pumps and clinics to flood depth<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Lifelines modelled <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"higher is better\">\u2191<\/span><\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"2\" data-sec=\"WEH\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">U<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Universe<\/b> Exercise: keep water and power running through a 1-in-100 flood<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Hours to restore <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"lower is better\">\u2193<\/span><\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"3\" data-sec=\"WEI\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">S<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Standards<\/b> Shared asset records so utilities exchange outage data<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Agencies sharing records <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"higher is better\">\u2191<\/span><\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap\" data-k=\"4\" data-sec=\"I\" aria-pressed=\"false\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">R<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Reports<\/b> City flood profile of exposed lifelines<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Assets profiled <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"higher is better\">\u2191<\/span><em class=\"nx-phex-bench\">$390B<\/em><\/span><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-phex-ap nx-phex-lead\" data-k=\"5\" data-sec=\"WEH\" aria-pressed=\"true\"><span class=\"nx-phex-apl\">A<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-aph\"><b>Academy<\/b> Course for utility and emergency operators<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-apk\">Operators qualified <span class=\"nx-phex-dir\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"higher is better\">\u2191<\/span><\/span><\/button><\/li><\/ol><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">Illustrative applications; the values are published benchmarks, cited in the readout.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p class=\"nx-nduo-legend\"><span><i class=\"nx-nduo-k1\"><\/i>In this context<\/span><span><i class=\"nx-nduo-k2\"><\/i>Dependence or handoff, heavier is stronger<\/span><span><i class=\"nx-nduo-k3\"><\/i>Outside this context<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-nduo-tlw\" data-phex-for=\"nx-sec-nexus-phex\"><div class=\"nx-phex-phase nx-nduo-tl\" data-phex-tl=\"true\" hidden><p class=\"nx-phex-phh\"><span class=\"nx-phex-phk\">Programme year<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-pn\">All phases<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-phex-steps\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Phases of the programme year\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"play\">Play the year<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"allph\">All phases<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nduo-read\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\" data-for=\"sig\"><div><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Context<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">Urban flood<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\">Flooded streets take out substations, pumping stations and clinic access together; drinking water fails when power does.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>W<\/span> \u00b7 <span>E<\/span> \u00b7 <span>I<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">F<\/span> \u00b7 <span>H<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">B<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-nduo-grp\">Risk<\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Sectors<\/dt><dd><strong>4<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Relations<\/dt><dd><strong>6<\/strong> <small>of 15<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Coupling<\/dt><dd><strong>0.46<\/strong> <small>share of total<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"nx-nduo-live\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><p class=\"nx-nsig-hint\">Hover a corner, a line or a row to trace it across both sides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"all\">Select all<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-sig-act=\"copy\">Copy brief<\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\" data-for=\"phex\"><div class=\"nx-phex-rhead\"><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Route<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">Applied to urban flood<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\"><\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code nx-phex-rhead\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>L<\/span> \u00b7 <span>F<\/span> \u00b7 <span>U<\/span> \u00b7 <span>S<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">R<\/span> \u00b7 <span>A<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-nduo-grp\">Response<\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Pillars<\/dt><dd><strong>5<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Handoffs<\/dt><dd><strong>11<\/strong> <small>of 18<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Loops<\/dt><dd><strong>8<\/strong> <small>closed<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"nx-nduo-grp\">Expected value<\/p><dl class=\"nx-nduo-vals\"><div><dt>What is at stake<\/dt><dd><strong>$390B<\/strong><span>a year at least, in infrastructure disruption costs to households and firms in low- and middle-income countries<\/span><small><a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">World Bank, Lifelines, 2019<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Return on resilience<\/dt><dd><strong>4 : 1<\/strong><span>benefit to cost<\/span><small><a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/31805\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">World Bank, Lifelines, 2019<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Avoided loss<\/dt><dd><strong>30%<\/strong><span>less damage with 24 hours&#8217; warning of a storm or <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\">heatwave<\/a><\/span><small><a href=\"https:\/\/gca.org\/reports\/adapt-now-a-global-call-for-leadership-on-climate-resilience\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Global Commission on Adaptation, Adapt Now, 2019<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><p class=\"nx-nsig-hint\">Hover a pillar, a line or a row to read how it is applied.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" data-phex-acts=\"true\" data-phex-acts-off=\"true\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"all\">Whole ring<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-phex-act=\"copy\">Copy route<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-note\">A: a teaching cascade (shock 0.6, gain 0.35, four rounds) over teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements. B: illustrative applications and the KPI each pillar answers for; values are published benchmarks, cited, not forecasts. Open events: NASA EONET, live.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-3\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Mandate and boundaries, Methods and evidence, Across the domains\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Mandate and boundaries, Methods and evidence, Across the domains\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-mandate\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Mandate and boundaries<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-audience\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Methods and evidence<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-nexus-couplings\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Across the domains<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-mandate\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mandate and boundaries<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What Critical Infrastructure studies, and what stays with operators and regulators.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a>, studies lifeline <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, how they fail and how failures cascade between them, and develops dependency and restoration methods with operators under agreed terms. It inspects nothing, regulates nothing, designates no critical entity and operates no asset.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Network diagrams and outage scenarios shown here are synthetic or illustrative. Restricted topology never appears in public outputs.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and evidence<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How Critical Infrastructure is modelled, measured and tested.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The model, its assumptions, its data and its uncertainty, in the form a scientist or engineer would check. Structures follow published methods. The values drawn are illustrative, not findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"science\" data-au-n=\"2\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"system-model\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">System model<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">The couplings between the systems in Critical Infrastructure: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.<\/p><div class=\"nx-au-fig\"><svg class=\"nx-au-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 560 250\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Causal loop diagram of Critical infrastructure, Cities, Communities, Economy\" focusable=\"false\"><line class=\"nx-au-ac\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"32\" x2=\"404.7\" y2=\"118\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"342.35\" y=\"71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"404.7\" y1=\"118\" x2=\"280\" y2=\"204\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"342.35\" y=\"157\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"204\" x2=\"155.3\" y2=\"118\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"217.65\" y=\"157\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u2212<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"155.3\" y1=\"118\" x2=\"280\" y2=\"32\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"217.65\" y=\"71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"280.0\" cy=\"32.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"20\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Critical infrastructure<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"404.7\" cy=\"118.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"416.7\" y=\"122\" text-anchor=\"start\">Cities<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"280.0\" cy=\"204.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"192\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Communities<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"155.3\" cy=\"118.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"143.3\" y=\"136\" text-anchor=\"end\">Economy<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"114\" text-anchor=\"middle\">R  reinforcing<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t\" x=\"280\" y=\"132\" text-anchor=\"middle\">B  balancing<\/text><\/svg><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Causal loop diagram from the page&#8217;s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"method-panel\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Model, equations and assumptions<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">The model structure used for Critical Infrastructure, the assumptions it makes and how each is tested.<\/p><div class=\"nx-au-eqs\"><div class=\"nx-au-eq\"><span class=\"nx-au-k\">Risk of element i<\/span><code>R<sub>i<\/sub> = f(H<sub>i<\/sub>, E<sub>i<\/sub>, V<sub>i<\/sub>, C<sub>i<\/sub>)<\/code><span class=\"nx-au-n\">hazard, exposure, vulnerability and coping capacity<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-au-eq\"><span class=\"nx-au-k\">Expected annual loss<\/span><code>EAL = &#8721;<sub>k<\/sub> p<sub>k<\/sub> &#183; L<sub>k<\/sub><\/code><span class=\"nx-au-n\">over events k with annual probability p<sub>k<\/sub><\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-au-eq\"><span class=\"nx-au-k\">Coupled systems<\/span><code>x<sub>t+1<\/sub> = A x<sub>t<\/sub> + B u<sub>t<\/sub> + &#949;<sub>t<\/sub><\/code><span class=\"nx-au-n\">A carries the couplings, u the shock, &#949; the error<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Assumption<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Why it is made<\/th><th scope=\"col\">How it is tested<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Assumption\">Hazard and exposure are independent within an event<\/td><td data-label=\"Why it is made\">Keeps the loss integral tractable<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is tested\">Compare with a copula fit on joint records<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Assumption\">Couplings are linear near the operating point<\/td><td data-label=\"Why it is made\">Lets shocks propagate through A<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is tested\">Perturb beyond the linear range and compare<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Assumption\">Vulnerability curves transfer between places<\/td><td data-label=\"Why it is made\">Local curves are rarely available<\/td><td data-label=\"How it is tested\">Validate against observed losses where they exist<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><dl class=\"nx-au-kv\"><div><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>versioned datasets with provenance<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Outputs<\/dt><dd>distributions, never single numbers<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Code<\/dt><dd>released with the model card and tests<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Reproduction<\/dt><dd>same data, code, environment and seed<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Standard risk and state-space formulations; the assumptions listed are typical of the method, stated for review, not results.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">FAIR guiding principles \u00b7 GO FAIR and FORCE11<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">W3C PROV \u00b7 World Wide Web Consortium<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Guidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties \u00b7 IPCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">CEOS Analysis Ready Data \u00b7 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-nexus-couplings\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Across the domains<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Lifelines carry the five domains.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><ul class=\"nx-dir\" data-cols=\"2\" aria-label=\"Domain\"><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Water<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">How this field couples to it<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Water and wastewater networks are lifelines in their own right and major electricity users.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Energy<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">How this field couples to it<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">The grid sits underneath every other lifeline.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Food<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">How this field couples to it<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Ports, roads and cold storage move food; their failure shows first in prices.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/health-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Health<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">How this field couples to it<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Hospitals depend on power, water, telecoms and transport at once.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Biodiversity<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">How this field couples to it<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Infrastructure corridors fragment habitats; nature-based measures can protect assets.<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-geography\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Infrastructure exposure in Western Europe.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Night lights, population density and flood water over Western Europe, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-cmap-field\" data-nx-map=\"ctx-field\" data-cmap=\"western-europe:infrastructure\" data-ml-feeds=\"eonet|https:\/\/eonet.gsfc.nasa.gov\/api\/v3\/events\" data-ml-src=\"infrastructure\" data-ml-plan=\"p-3ee6d5d8\" data-ml-view=\"3d\" data-ml-ctx=\"theme:infrastructure\" data-ml-list=\"gibs.energy.ntl gibs.health.people gibs.water.flood gibs.water.true gibs.food.cover gibs.biodiversity.evi ev.eonet ev.usgs r.dist r.hls r.dnb r.dswxs1 r.hbase gx.ems\" data-ml-tools=\"inspect measure aoi export\"><div class=\"nx-wm\" data-nx-water=\"ctx-infrastructure\" data-wm-domain=\"ctx-infrastructure\" data-wm-tiles=\"on\" data-wm-flat=\"on\" data-wm-focus=\"-6,42,17,55.5\" data-ws-live=\"off\" data-claim=\"INTEGRATED\" data-wm-panel=\"closed\" data-wm-mode=\"2d\"><div class=\"nx-wm-stage\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"application\" aria-roledescription=\"interactive map\" aria-label=\"Infrastructure exposure, Western Europe: satellite and model layers from NASA on a 3D terrain of ASTER GDEM elevation. Arrow keys move; with Shift they turn and tilt in 3D; plus and minus zoom, 0 resets; I inspects, question mark lists the keys.\" aria-describedby=\"nx-wm-help\"><canvas class=\"nx-wm-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/canvas><p class=\"nx-wm-noscript\">The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-presets\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Quick views\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"flood,people||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">People and floods<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"flood,ntl||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Floods and lights<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ntl,people||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Lights and people<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ntl||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Night lights<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel\" id=\"nx-wm-panel\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Map layers\"><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-panel-title\">Layers <span class=\"nx-wm-count\">3<\/span><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-panel-close\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-label=\"Close the layer list\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-body\"><div class=\"nx-wm-group\"><p class=\"nx-wm-group-title\">Infrastructure exposure, for this page<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"ntl\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"20\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.9\" data-wm-short=\"Night lights\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LAADS DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Night-time lights, daily<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LAADS DAAC VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ntl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"nW\/(cm\u00b2 sr)\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"ntl\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.energy.ntl\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) (NASA LAADS DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LAADS DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-12<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite night-time radiance for the date shown; lights are a proxy for electricity use and outages, not a measurement of supply or access.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"people\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"21\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.8\" data-wm-short=\"Population density\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)\" data-wm-kind=\"Census-based estimate, static (2020)\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Population density, 2020<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University) Gridded Population of the World v4.11 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"estimated\" data-wm-lic=\"CC BY 4.0\" data-wm-unit=\"people\/km\u00b2\">Estimated<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"people\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.health.people\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Estimated<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University))<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>null; Census-based estimate, static (2020)<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Census-based estimate of people per square kilometre in 2020, shown as exposure context; not a count of people affected by any hazard.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"flood\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"22\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-short=\"Flood water\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Flood water, 3-day composite<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS Global Flood Product \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"flood\">14 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"flood\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.flood\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS Global Flood Product (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"4\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.6\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite image\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">True colour<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"true\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.true\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite image<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"cover\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"24\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.7\" data-wm-short=\"Land cover\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Land cover type (IGBP), yearly<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"class\">Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"cover\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.cover\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>yearly; Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2024-01-01<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite land cover classes for the year shown, including croplands; a classification with known errors, not a farm register.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"evi\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"25\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Vegetation (EVI)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite index; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE MODIS Terra EVI \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"EVI\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"evi\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.biodiversity.evi\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra EVI (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite index; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite vegetation index for the 8 days to the date shown, a habitat condition indicator; not a measure of species or biodiversity.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-rail\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\" aria-label=\"Map controls\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-open\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-panel\" aria-expanded=\"false\" 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class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"xt\" data-wm-xt=\"NxAjSJ6JoGGZsXu22d+kvA4nR9AJ6Njy+\/Xy2FIyELw=\">More expert tools<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\">Keyboard shortcuts<kbd>?<\/kbd><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-keys\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Keyboard shortcuts\" hidden><p class=\"nx-wm-keys-title\">Keyboard, with the map focused<\/p><dl class=\"nx-wm-keys-list\"><\/dl><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-keys-close\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\" aria-label=\"Close the shortcuts\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-hint\" hidden>Hold Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll to zoom<\/p><p class=\"nx-wm-toolbar\" role=\"status\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-tip\" role=\"tooltip\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin\" hidden><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-pin-title\"><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"unpin\" aria-label=\"Close the card\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-chart\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-body\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-dock\"><div class=\"nx-wm-time\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Imagery date\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"prev\" aria-label=\"One day earlier\">\u2039<\/button><p class=\"nx-wm-time-label\">Latest available<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"next\" aria-label=\"One day later\">\u203a<\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-track\" role=\"slider\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Imagery date, up to 30 days back\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"30\" aria-valuenow=\"30\" aria-valuetext=\"Latest available\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-latest\" data-wm-step=\"latest\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Latest<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-chips\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Legends\"><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-attrib\">NASA GIBS \/ EOSDIS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) \u00b7 Blue Marble (NASA) \u00b7 \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) \u00b7 Natural Earth<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-legends\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-container nx-wm-below\"><p class=\"nx-wm-status\" role=\"status\">Loading the latest NASA imagery.<\/p><p id=\"nx-wm-help\" class=\"nx-wm-help\">Drag to move. Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.<\/p><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Infrastructure exposure, framed on Western Europe.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nx-wm-credits\"><summary><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-line\">Data: NASA GIBS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM \u00b7 Blue Marble \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors<\/a> \u00b7 Natural Earth \u00b7 NASA EONET \u00b7 U.S. Geological Survey \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-more\">Sources and licences<\/span><\/summary><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.field-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.water-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.laads.black-marble\">VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"sedac.gpw-v4\">Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7927\/H49C6VHW\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.7927\/H49C6VHW<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.viirs-water\">VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.modis-viirs.land\">MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3\">ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA\/METI\/AIST\/Japan Spacesystems and U.S.\/Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"naturalearth.all-scales\">Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/about\/terms-of-use\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Public domain<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.reference-osm\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">ODbL<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.earth-observatory.blue-marble\">Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li>Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.<\/li><li><\/li><li>Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.<\/li><li>Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Live: U.S. Geological Survey Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>River discharge forecast, 30 days with range (GloFAS via Open-Meteo): Contains modified Copernicus Emergency Management Service information 2026; not a flood warning.<\/li><li>Weather data by Open-Meteo.com (https:\/\/open-meteo.com\/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/).<\/li><li>Optional layers (12 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><strong>Layers and dates<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li>Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ntl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/li><li>Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"flood\">14 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/li><li>Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra EVI, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"evi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-4\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Reports, standards and contributions, The problem, What the platform does, Foundations and counterparts\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Reports, standards and contributions, The problem, What the platform does, Foundations and counterparts\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-and-contributions\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-the-problem\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">The problem<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-what-the-platform-does\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">What the platform does<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-foundations-and-counterparts\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Foundations and counterparts<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-and-contributions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where infrastructure evidence goes.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Dependency studies are designed for the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/series\/strategic-systems\/\">Strategic Systems series<\/a>. Asset records would follow ISO 55000 practice and carry identifiers under the proposed <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/ecosystem\/standards\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a>.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Operators can share restoration timelines from past events.<\/li><li>Engineers can contribute fragility data for local asset types.<\/li><li>Researchers can submit interdependency models for review.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-the-problem\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The problem<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Lifelines fail together.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Modern societies run on a small number of networks that depend on one another. Water treatment and pumping need electricity. Electricity grids need telecommunications for control and fuel deliveries for backup generation. Telecommunications need power, cooling and physical access for repair crews. Hospitals need all of them at once. Engineers call these lifelines because their loss quickly becomes a threat to health, safety and economic life.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Each network is usually designed to be reliable on its own terms, with redundancy against the failures its operators expect. The danger lies in the links between them. A storm, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/geophysical-hazard-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 geo.seismic.earthquake\" data-tk=\"Solid Earth \u00b7 Fault shaking and rupture\" data-td=\"Sudden slip on a fault releasing seismic waves that shake the ground and damage structures and lifelines.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H17\" data-tr=\"draft\">earthquake<\/a>, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\">heatwave<\/a>, cyber intrusion or equipment fault in one system can propagate to others through physical, cyber, geographic and logical dependencies. Outages that begin in one sector are then prolonged by another: repair crews cannot travel because traffic signals are dark, or a substation cannot be restarted because its communications link has lost backup power.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">These cascades are hard to foresee because no single operator sees the whole system. Dependencies often sit in contracts, shared corridors and assumptions about backup durations rather than in any map. Ageing assets, rising climate hazards, increasing digitalisation and concentrated supply chains are each changing the shape of that hidden network.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-what-the-platform-does\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the platform does<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Science for continuity of essential services.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> is designed for infrastructure operators, engineers, utilities, asset managers and public planners who need shared methods for understanding dependencies and restoration.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"2\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"9\" y=\"2\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><path d=\"M5 16v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h12a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3\"\/><path d=\"M12 12V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Dependencies<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Lifeline dependency methods<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Methods for mapping which services depend on which assets, and how far backup arrangements reach.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M7 11v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"13\" y=\"13\" rx=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Restoration<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Service restoration modelling<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Network-flow and optimisation methods for the order in which interdependent services can be brought back.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><path d=\"m4.93 4.93 4.24 4.24\"\/><path d=\"m14.83 9.17 4.24-4.24\"\/><path d=\"m14.83 14.83 4.24 4.24\"\/><path d=\"m9.17 14.83-4.24 4.24\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Continuity<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Critical-services continuity notes<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Evidence notes on how essential facilities keep operating when lifelines fail, with their limits stated.<\/p><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">GCRI does not regulate, certify, license or approve infrastructure. Operators and competent authorities keep every decision about their assets.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-foundations-and-counterparts\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Foundations and counterparts<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Grounded in engineering, read across three institutions.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">The platform stewards three methods in the STEM Commons: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/resilience-engineering\/\">reliability and resilience engineering<\/a>, sensors, IoT and observation networks and communications and network technology. It also applies <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/systems-engineering\/\">systems engineering<\/a>, network science and contagion, optimisation and operations research, power <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> engineering, energy generation, storage and grid technology, structural and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/geophysical-hazard-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 geo.seismic.earthquake\" data-tk=\"Solid Earth \u00b7 Fault shaking and rupture\" data-td=\"Sudden slip on a fault releasing seismic waves that shake the ground and damage structures and lifelines.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H17\" data-tr=\"draft\">earthquake<\/a> engineering, urban and transport engineering, process and industrial safety engineering and space systems and satellite services. Each is described with its assumptions on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/\">the STEM foundation of Critical Infrastructure<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Inside Foundry it works with the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s10\" data-tc=\"NXS-NET\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Network topology and continuity\" data-ts=\"NRS-S10\">NXS-NET (network topology and continuity)<\/a>, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s11\" data-tc=\"NXS-OPS\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Instruments, sensors and calibration\" data-ts=\"NRS-S11\">NXS-OPS (instruments, sensors and calibration)<\/a>, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s12\" data-tc=\"NXS-SIG\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Signal, spectrum, timing and PNT\" data-ts=\"NRS-S12\">NXS-SIG (signal, spectrum, timing and PNT)<\/a>, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s3\" data-tc=\"NXS-DSS\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Decision cases and deliberation\" data-ts=\"NRS-S3\">NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation)<\/a> and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s2\" data-tc=\"NXS-NST\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Civilian common operating picture\" data-ts=\"NRS-S2\">NXS-NST (civilian common operating picture)<\/a> systems, and its findings are designed for the Strategic Systems and Scenario and Stress-Test report series. Lifeline cascade and restoration is its planned theme in the annual <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">Its counterparts look at the same systems through other mandates: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/\">Disaster and Crisis Governance at The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/a> convenes the institutions that govern crisis response, Development Finance Nexus at The Global Risks Alliance (GRA) builds shared industry understanding of infrastructure investment risk, and Financial Cyber and Operational Resilience at The Global Risks Alliance (GRA) does the same for operational resilience in finance. All are listed on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/counterparts\/\">counterparts across the Consortium<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-5\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Coverage, Grounding, Cycle, Six pillars\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Coverage, Grounding, Cycle, Six pillars\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-5-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-areas\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Coverage<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-5-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-grounding\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Grounding<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-5-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-cycle\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Cycle<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-5-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pillars\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Six pillars<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-areas\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-5-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Coverage<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The areas of critical infrastructure this platform takes on.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> studies the lifeline <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> that communities and economies depend on: electricity, water and wastewater, telecommunications, transport, health and emergency services, and the buildings people live in. Its pages set out how these systems fail, how failures cascade between them, and the engineering, standards and data used to keep services running and restore them. Every value is labelled by its evidence and every limit stated. It prepares evidence; operators, regulators and governments decide.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"4\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4 14a1 1 0 0 1-.78-1.63l9.9-10.2a.5.5 0 0 1 .86.46l-1.92 6.02A1 1 0 0 0 13 10h7a1 1 0 0 1 .78 1.63l-9.9 10.2a.5.5 0 0 1-.86-.46l1.92-6.02A1 1 0 0 0 11 14z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Electricity and lifelines<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Generation, transmission and distribution, and the other lifelines that stop when power stops.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M7 16.3c2.2 0 4-1.83 4-4.05 0-1.16-.57-2.26-1.71-3.19S7.29 6.75 7 5.3c-.29 1.45-1.14 2.84-2.29 3.76S3 11.1 3 12.25c0 2.22 1.8 4.05 4 4.05z\"\/><path d=\"M12.56 6.6A10.97 10.97 0 0 0 14 3.02c.5 2.5 2 4.9 4 6.5s3 3.5 3 5.5a6.98 6.98 0 0 1-11.91 4.97\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Water and wastewater assets<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Treatment plants, pumping, pipes and sewers, and the energy, chemicals and staff they need.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4.9 19.1C1 15.2 1 8.8 4.9 4.9\"\/><path d=\"M7.8 16.2c-2.3-2.3-2.3-6.1 0-8.5\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M16.2 7.8c2.3 2.3 2.3 6.1 0 8.5\"\/><path d=\"M19.1 4.9C23 8.8 23 15.1 19.1 19\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Telecommunications and cables<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mobile and fixed networks, data centres, submarine cables and the power and routes they rely on.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 21c.6.5 1.2 1 2.5 1 2.5 0 2.5-2 5-2 1.3 0 1.9.5 2.5 1 .6.5 1.2 1 2.5 1 2.5 0 2.5-2 5-2 1.3 0 1.9.5 2.5 1\"\/><path d=\"M19.38 20A11.6 11.6 0 0 0 21 14l-9-4-9 4c0 2.9.94 5.34 2.81 7.76\"\/><path d=\"M19 13V7a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v6\"\/><path d=\"M12 10v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 2v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Transport and logistics nodes<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Ports, airports, rail yards, pipelines and warehouses where flows of goods concentrate.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M19 14c1.49-1.46 3-3.21 3-5.5A5.5 5.5 0 0 0 16.5 3c-1.76 0-3 .5-4.5 2-1.5-1.5-2.74-2-4.5-2A5.5 5.5 0 0 0 2 8.5c0 2.3 1.5 4.05 3 5.5l7 7Z\"\/><path d=\"M3.22 12l6.28 0 .5-1 2 4.5 2-7 1.5 3.5 5.27 0\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Healthcare and emergency services<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Hospitals, emergency dispatch, fire and rescue, and their dependence on other lifelines.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6 22V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v18Z\"\/><path d=\"M6 12H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v6a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2\"\/><path d=\"M18 9h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M10 6h4\"\/><path d=\"M10 10h4\"\/><path d=\"M10 14h4\"\/><path d=\"M10 18h4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Urban assets and housing<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Buildings, bridges and public facilities, and the condition and safety of the housing stock.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"4.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m10.2 6.3-3.9 3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"4.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"M7 12h10\"\/><circle cx=\"19.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m13.8 17.7 3.9-3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"19.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Interdependency and cascade<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">How failure in one infrastructure travels into others, and how restoration has to follow the dependencies.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M9 19h8.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0-7h-11a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7H15\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Area<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Transport and mobility<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Roads, rail and public transport networks that move people to work, care and safety.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-grounding\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-5-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">17<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Grounding<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Built on named science, technology, engineering and mathematics.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Every claim on <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> rests on methods with a canonical page in the STEM Commons, so readers can see what a finding depends on and where its limits lie.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Reliability and resilience engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Systems engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Network science and contagion<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Sensors, IoT and observation networks<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Communications and network technology<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Optimisation and operations research<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Space systems and satellite services<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Energy generation, storage and grid technology<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Power systems engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Structural and earthquake engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Urban and transport engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Process and industrial safety engineering<\/span><\/div><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-3\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/\">See the STEM foundation of Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-cycle\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-17\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-5-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">18<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Cycle<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How work moves in this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A question becomes evidence, a governed build, an organised community, a controlled test, a reviewed publication and, finally, a decision taken by the competent authority under its own rules.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cycle-lanes\"><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Question<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> National, regional or institutional priority. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/programmes\/\">Question in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Evidence<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> STEM foundation of the platform. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/\">Evidence in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Build<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Foundry. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/foundry\/\">Build in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Organise<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/organization\/architecture\/ii.-definitions\/i.-nexus-ecosystem\" data-tc=\"Nexus Ecosystem\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The whole of the institutions, pillars, systems and communities\">Nexus ecosystem<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/community\/\">Organise in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Test<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Universe (independent site). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/universe\/\">Test in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Publish<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a><\/span> Reports. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/reports\/\">Publish in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"authority\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Decide<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Competent authority<\/span> Competent authorities and institutions, through <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s18\" data-tc=\"NXS-RLS\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Participants, agreements and handoffs\" data-ts=\"NRS-S18\">NXS-RLS (participants, agreements and handoffs)<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/trust\/\">Decide in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Renew<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Corrections and the next annual agenda. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/programmes\/\">Renew in Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Each step of the cycle in the pillar it runs in; the decision stays with the competent authority, outside the programme.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"authority\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Competent authority (outside the programme)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pillars\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-18\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-5-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">19<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Six pillars<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-18\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How this works across the six pillars.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> works through six pillars of one annual programme, led by the Nexus Consortium, with GCRI, GRF and GRA each contributing in its role: explore, experiment and prototype in <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/labs\" data-tc=\"Labs\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The research pillar of the programme, one of six (OR-11, OR-12)\">Labs<\/a>, build, simulate and prepare in Foundry, convene and test in Universe, codify, correct and apply in <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>, publish in every format in Reports, teach in the open in Risk Academy.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-pl-ring nx-canvas-wrap\" data-pl-hex=\"true\"><figure class=\"nx-nsig nx-phex\" data-nx-phex=\"012345\" data-phex-ctx=\"whole\" data-phex=\"{&quot;S&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;labs&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;L&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Labs&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Labs&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Experiments&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Turns open questions into designed experiments&quot;,&quot;Prototypes new methods, data pipelines and tools&quot;,&quot;Records failures and limits alongside results&quot;,&quot;Hands reproducible prototypes to the Foundry&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;foundry&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;F&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Foundry&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Foundry&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Builds&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/foundry\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Builds the cycle's software, data and environments&quot;,&quot;Simulates scenarios and runs benchmarks&quot;,&quot;Monitors hazards, systems and evidence&quot;,&quot;Develops and tracks the National Portfolio&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;universe&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;U&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Universe&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Universe&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Convenes and tests&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/universe\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/universe.nexus\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Sets the annual mandate and admits missions&quot;,&quot;Runs readiness, the controlled build and Action Week&quot;,&quot;Stands down temporary capacity and seals evidence&quot;,&quot;Reviews the year and renews the mandate&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;standards&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;S&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Standards&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Nexus Standards&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Codify and correct&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Identifies every artefact with a UNI&quot;,&quot;Routes work to the standards that apply&quot;,&quot;Validates and monitors conformance evidence&quot;,&quot;Takes cycle findings as change proposals&quot;,&quot;Records national adoption&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;reports&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;R&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Reports&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Reports&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Publishes&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/reports\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Publishes four editions a year, with Q4 as the annual flagship&quot;,&quot;Maintains country and regional profiles&quot;,&quot;Publishes exponential technology streams&quot;,&quot;Records corrections and method changes&quot;]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;academy&quot;,&quot;c&quot;:&quot;A&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Academy&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;Risk Academy&quot;,&quot;verb&quot;:&quot;Teaches&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/infrastructure-energy\/&quot;,&quot;home&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/&quot;,&quot;does&quot;:[&quot;Publishes a course for every system, standard and programme role&quot;,&quot;Assesses learning on real cycle tasks&quot;,&quot;Issues microcredentials and achievements through accountable issuers&quot;,&quot;Feeds qualified people into the next cycle&quot;]}],&quot;H&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F01&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision case&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F02&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Core Build Report and go or no-go evidence&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F03&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F04&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F05&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;National Portfolio movement for chapter 11&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F06&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CORRECTION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Method and correction findings as change proposals&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F07&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;DOCKET_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Docket items that need a standard or a profile&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F08&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Composed mission profiles and national adoption records&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F09&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Each adopted standard or profile becomes a course module&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F10&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:2,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Assessed cycle tasks become completion evidence&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F11&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:5,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Qualified participants for the next cycle's roles&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F12&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:2,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F13&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:3,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Validation and monitoring evidence for conformance review&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;F14&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:1,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:&quot;PLANNING&quot;,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Each system's rooms become a learning-by-doing course&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R1&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:3,&quot;t&quot;:4,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Applied in editions&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R2&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:4,&quot;t&quot;:5,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Taught in the open&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R3&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:5,&quot;t&quot;:0,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Questions become experiments&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;R4&quot;,&quot;f&quot;:0,&quot;t&quot;:1,&quot;ph&quot;:null,&quot;art&quot;:&quot;Tested prototypes are built&quot;}],&quot;PH&quot;:[[&quot;PLANNING&quot;,&quot;Planning&quot;],[&quot;READINESS_PREPARATION&quot;,&quot;Readiness preparation&quot;],[&quot;CONTROLLED_BUILD&quot;,&quot;Controlled build&quot;],[&quot;CLOSEOUT&quot;,&quot;Closeout&quot;],[&quot;AFTER_ACTION_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;After-action review&quot;],[&quot;CORRECTION&quot;,&quot;Correction&quot;],[&quot;DOCKET_REVIEW&quot;,&quot;Docket review&quot;],[&quot;RENEWAL&quot;,&quot;Renewal&quot;]],&quot;L&quot;:[[1,3],[1,2],[2,5],[2,4],[1,5,2],[1,4,3],[1,4,2],[1,2,3],[2,3,5],[1,5,2,3],[1,4,2,3],[1,3,5,2],[1,2,4,3],[2,4,3,5],[1,5,2,4,3],[1,4,3,5,2],[0,1,2,3,4,5]],&quot;CTX&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;whole&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;The whole programme&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[0,1,2,3,4,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year's feedback loops.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;practice&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;From prototype to practice&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[0,1,2,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;A Labs prototype is built in the Foundry, tested in a Universe mission and codified as a standard.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;build-test&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Build and test&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,2],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;The Foundry builds what a mission needs; Universe returns the go or no-go evidence.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;conformance&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Conformance&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Validation evidence goes to Standards for review; composed profiles come back for the next build.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;correction&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;A finding becomes a correction&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,4,3],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Observations are published, a method finding becomes a change proposal, the corrected profile returns to the build.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mandate&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Setting the next mandate&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[2,4],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;After-action findings go into the editions; the Q4 synthesis informs next year's mandate.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;people&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;People for the next cycle&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[2,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Assessed cycle tasks become completion evidence; qualified participants take roles in the next cycle.&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;learning&quot;,&quot;n&quot;:&quot;Learning by doing&quot;,&quot;s&quot;:[1,2,5],&quot;t&quot;:&quot;Each system's rooms become a course; learners join missions, and missions return to the Foundry.&quot;}]}\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-plate\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-strip\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Routes through the programme\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span>Select pillars \u00b7 hover lines<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">18 \/ 18 handoffs<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"The six pillars of the Consortium's programme: 18 of 18 handoffs in play, 17 feedback loops closed.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"tVjbbts4EP0Vgs8ahkNKlATEBtrUxRboDUm72H1ULTU2qoshqbvJfv1ihvIlsZ3YavoQhDLJMzxzZoYjXd6KeZl13UTWd1B3y1tol\/VtJ0XWLjNYLPO8qCeyb38Wcnq5asr726be23Er1sM86xZSrJpl3XcTqQNwiYgSlQZgQz+wodCBSwSsn2A9Ly9GWUAbCkQXgIv5v4uFDuhHGJ5gmH0S\/wGk0VpgbJUJADdDGumApmD7A2yXEfx82c7L4tnTz+8mUksxv+d\/7USayPDpsn7xeHO\/nP+QIp\/IDxpMZEoNqCtrVCrQKKMiCCuLKhGoVShQIViVVlYrFBiqSKByYFVcmURgoqwwYFVUmUiFwtA2o0KwylTG0C+hSkWsEGKFFYbKCYsqFVYZMCqsMFIoTKoSYVUEpkJUSCucsCoGVK5ytNrwghRQYWVUJKxVoQhBRRWQRX5ELXQFxEAwl1DwNHFgNpb4KayASTAdq2JiU4HnwYcQpgJPgwhZZYhPBcyDGcUK6a8CJsKUjF9ZATPxnAiL1zjBpAZOFTAZ5w9Dh6qAj29UpCIR+idmpQVqXp4yKximUSXMCrb7tUJmBRsjJmFOMByDuDAr2B6VZCJWsCFEXJgVbGgTF2YFg2uQ42EIAe88RxsMLxk8TDHENFgDMutJkUJMhUmxfsyEOa31ZSJMaR0CngkfAUzlaUQ+yDiImAXzWQcak2A6m2AkDp4NhytTYDLrcGYKzh\/CRzydmahQRlAuXdxOL\/dq23zRtHknp5flsi72Jzdp2tRS5FmfwQ\/O0Dvkf\/c4kVQbpLgzE8mZL8W9mUhOf9H1bfOjgH+Xeb+YSKMsl4TjllaL4g7qpi62tvB5WwdM4dl2zBE72tswL2HDHrEBv0RmT57wBDPj9NkzFXlTa2BcAz+vkFXhucbcE8aOyzTCUPyEIXhxWsmJ1l5IsnTP3AlOHGEH9XFDL+9ExNOswQuZe1guzG8kZp+39EKRgUPhgDFOXNujS+ZQ00Zt5qYs0sOmg9O6ZGzB7aQwWsPm2Y+45eSV\/5GJ3TuM4bK2bf7tDnbjw\/w+38VEvtW47XExTqhrtSgw8f1ruml408N98tPYZgfbETZBO+6S18jjgO0WGCKtMDDkLAgNIVJzBjZWJjCoojHw4Q58mCgXpJEA62igh8HQ2p+LHP3eg7sdeGeUDdBROwtxpDBgCQTEZBajdJyFeGshSlUSoKOe18XkkihSRsSGhs6qZAx8shMxGPHrFL0XoFURucoK1KFKA2onx8CnO\/5B1CoNYpUKyi0+P7kKdUoC6FHnp4K\/jRxyOjfGgrplyixNArDCMFJi3MlXNuBfjAie0X8lfHAnXznsUUfCRztq8Qthjzv5GiVBkionolTFQexULFyibJCgiscg76UqF0qfo0DnH4bpCIdc4164oJcwTSiHvLSoLT2EeozPr82uCV9rLQrw5ZIKMAxVeUyhvH5QJyldwecrcMKCz1jglIWROXsd7qasVSF\/e6FvDJxUgNbxPRbxQxh6Gwffw7pV1v6gO+zg7GLZH52bF3VftIc\/T7XFvN9bvyqzvpDijrxuQynuKXxCKdY3uUukWBTL20U\/kamTor2jd4qL6WVf3O2j1YykGcbIKSaXF7TuyOp+d7WR00VW5833751Y1mJVZvdPb940EPNyByfUcoqxKJtm1Yl52XRFvoY56LC6yQvy5sGJjc5dUQ5CL9kQD1fLsszaiSyzb4Rw+OPWIiubB1+0\/CtYy83c0U9i39sje5Lje\/KmP7JJH9OrzL7tuA5MqKWgdZDV9ClgIqtlnpeFnL7PvnVPqdHPH+BEyRGc2V+fZ9fvPsw+frl5VpXDzsdHzv\/e\/Kzz9v4E\/w89K7sGz9Dg4L5TdDi48VktjDbKeT8i3UMP\/Nj1WdvL6VtP+gRFdtAoew+Bvf767v2bsXKYR3L8rJf\/FG1XnKfHSDnGqjFGDDRHtPg6MD5LDLTJYbSrTx\/\/nH2c3YhXH9+IL7Ob0XliHwnT9VmdZ\/7r3omVakShGlOnzi1TJjpWpW7WHE8uVca5I1hXn968e\/s3y3D16fp6dvVlpBDhIyHaYtW0\/SkywMgMgbEpAqNyBJ5KkqLO5fTaUz5BFXgqRRjr89fX79\/d\/DEbmxfRIzmyeZYX1f2ZcsBYPWC0IDBKkQN3CLvxlad9niT7VwhjfZm9unokyMXt9H8=\"><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"nx-phex-legend\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span><i class=\"nx-phex-k1\"><\/i>handoff in play<\/span><span><i class=\"nx-phex-k2\"><\/i>recorded handoff<\/span><span><i class=\"nx-phex-k3\"><\/i>no direct handoff<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-phex-phase\" hidden><p class=\"nx-phex-phh\"><span class=\"nx-phex-phk\">Programme year<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-pn\">All phases<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-phex-steps\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Phases of the programme year\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"play\">Play the year<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"allph\">All phases<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\"><div><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Route<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">The whole programme<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\">Every pillar hands its work to another; together they close the year&#8217;s feedback loops.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>L<\/span> \u00b7 <span>F<\/span> \u00b7 <span>U<\/span> \u00b7 <span>S<\/span> \u00b7 <span>R<\/span> \u00b7 <span>A<\/span><\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Pillars<\/dt><dd><strong>6<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Handoffs<\/dt><dd><strong>18<\/strong> <small>of 18<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Loops<\/dt><dd><strong>17<\/strong> <small>closed<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><h3 class=\"nx-nsig-dh\">Handoffs in play<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-nsig-rel nx-phex-rel\"><li class=\"nx-phex-h\"><span class=\"nx-phex-id\">F01<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Universe \u2192 Foundry<\/b> \u00b7 Admitted mission becomes a cycle project with a decision case<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-ph\">Readiness preparation<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-phex-h\"><span class=\"nx-phex-id\">F02<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Foundry \u2192 Universe<\/b> \u00b7 Core Build Report and go or no-go evidence<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-ph\">Controlled build<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-phex-h\"><span class=\"nx-phex-id\">F03<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Foundry \u2192 Reports<\/b> \u00b7 Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-ph\">Closeout<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-phex-h\"><span class=\"nx-phex-id\">F04<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Universe \u2192 Reports<\/b> \u00b7 After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13<\/span><span class=\"nx-phex-ph\">After-action review<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-nsig-hint\">and 14 more<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" data-phex-acts=\"true\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"all\">Whole ring<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-phex-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-phex-act=\"copy\">Copy route<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">F01 to F14 are the recorded handoffs of the programme year, each with the artefact that moves and its phase; R1, R2, R3 and R4 carry work around the ring. A loop counts when every pillar on it is selected. Every pillar is led by the Nexus Consortium.<\/figcaption><\/figure><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Labs<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where questions become experiments and prototypes: new methods, data and tools are tried in the open, with their limits on record, before the Foundry builds them, under the Nexus Consortium.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Foundry<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where methods, data and models become reproducible builds, each run with its inputs, version and limits on record.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/foundry\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Foundry<\/a><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-home\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Universe<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where a build is tested under controlled conditions with independent evaluators, so a method&#8217;s skill is measured, not assumed.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/universe\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Universe<\/a><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-home\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">universe.nexus<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Nexus Standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where methods, identifiers and data schemas are codified in the open and corrected when a test finds a fault.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/\">Energy and Critical Infrastructure in Standards<\/a><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-home\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">nexustandards.com<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where findings are published with their method, uncertainty and evidence class, and corrected as new versions.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/reports\/\">Critical Infrastructure in Reports<\/a><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-home\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-name\">Risk Academy<\/span><span class=\"nx-pl-role\">Where methods and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> are taught on real data and real places, by working the case, on Risk Academy.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-go\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/infrastructure-energy\/\">Faculty of Infrastructure, Energy and Industry in Academy<\/a><a class=\"nx-link nx-pl-home\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">risksacademy.com<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-6\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Consortium, Sources, Pages, Connected\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Consortium, Sources, Pages, Connected\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-6-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-consortium\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Consortium<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-6-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Sources<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-6-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-21-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Pages<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-6-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-22-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Connected<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-consortium\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-19\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-6-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">20<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Consortium<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-19\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The same field, seen three ways.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">GCRI studies a field as science, GRF governs it and GRA builds shared financial understanding of it. <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> links to its counterparts so that work on one side is visible on the others.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><ul class=\"nx-dir\" data-cols=\"3\" aria-label=\"Platform\"><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Institution<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">GRF<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Shared field<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Critical infrastructure<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/development-finance-nexus\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Development Finance Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Institution<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">GRA<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Shared field<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Critical infrastructure<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dir-row\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/financial-cyber-resilience\/\"><span class=\"nx-dir-name\">Financial Cyber and Operational Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Institution<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">GRA<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-fact\"><span class=\"nx-dir-k\">Shared field<\/span><span class=\"nx-dir-v\">Critical infrastructure<\/span><\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-20\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-6-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">21<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-20\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page&#8217;s references lead.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/\"><span>UNDRR Principles for Resilient Infrastructure (UNDRR, 2022)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2022\/2557\/oj\"><span>Directive (EU) 2022\/2557 on the resilience of critical entities<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/83053.html\"><span>ISO 55000:2024 Asset management, vocabulary, overview and principles (ISO)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imo.org\/en\/OurWork\/Security\/Pages\/SOLAS-XI-2%20ISPS%20Code.aspx\"><span>International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (IMO)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\"><span>Nexus Standards, the proposed NS series (nexustandards.com)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-21-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-21\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-6-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">22<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Pages<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-21\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Pages in Critical Infrastructure.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cards\" data-cols=\"3\"><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/about\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Mandate and publisher<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/field\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Field overview<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/research\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Research and evidence<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/innovation\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Innovation and practical technology<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/programmes\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Programmes and projects<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/tools\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Data and technical methods<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/community\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Specialist community<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/learning\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Learning and professional development<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/events\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Events and technical dialogues<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/publications\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Research and publications<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/participate\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Participation paths<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Contact the specialist team<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/trust\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Trust, rights and status<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/stem\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">STEM foundation of Critical Infrastructure<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/chapters\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Chapters<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/cycle\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">How work moves in this field<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/foundry\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Build in Foundry<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/universe\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Test in Universe<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/reports\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Publish in Reports<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/counterparts\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">The same field across the Consortium<\/h3><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Page<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Topics<\/h3><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-22-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-22\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-6-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">23<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-22\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/fields\/infrastructure\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Field gateway<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Critical infrastructure<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/fields\/cities\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Field gateway<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Cities and built environment<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-7\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-7-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-23-sec\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-s-23-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-23\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-7-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">24<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-23\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>Who publishes Critical Infrastructure?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) publishes Critical Infrastructure and is responsible for what it publishes. GCRI is a research, development and policy institution. It is not a regulator, and it does not certify, license or approve; its findings carry their methods and uncertainty.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is Critical Infrastructure active?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Critical Infrastructure is an established platform of The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation. Information and enquiries are open today. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How can I contribute?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Start with <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/participate\/\">the participation paths<\/a> or write to the contact form. An enquiry receives a reference; it does not create membership, a role or an assignment.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Where are findings published?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Reviewed outputs appear on <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/publications\/\">the publications page<\/a>, and contributions to the Reports series are listed on Publish in Reports.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which values on this platform are real?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Indicator names, units, sources, methods and frameworks are real. Levels in figures and canvases are examples in a design. A programme replaces them with labelled evidence it owns.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How do I report an error?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Use <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/trust\/corrections\/\">corrections and concerns<\/a>, or write to the integrity concern form. A correction is recorded as a new version, never a silent edit.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does the platform assess specific facilities?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Its methods and notes describe classes of dependency and restoration problems. Assessments of particular assets remain with their operators and competent authorities.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Will dependency maps reveal sensitive locations?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Methods are published at a level that supports understanding without disclosing security-sensitive details, and any restricted evidence stays restricted.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Critical Infrastructure<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Strategic Systems<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Scenario and Stress-Test<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See every way to contribute<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/critical-infrastructure#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scn-h-g-p04\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">How it works<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-scn-h-g-p04\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">How Critical Infrastructure works.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede nx-mt-2\">Choose a view and press Play to follow the platform&#8217;s process, its programme year, the standards it applies and how its findings are published. The outline shows how the work is designed to run, not the status of any decision.<\/p><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><div class=\"nx-pe\" id=\"nx-pe-g-p04\" data-nx-pe=\"nx-pe-g-p04\" data-active=\"platforms\"><div class=\"nx-pe-shell\"><p class=\"nx-pe-eb\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a><\/p><h2 class=\"nx-pe-title\">How Critical Infrastructure works<\/h2><p class=\"nx-pe-others\"><span aria-current=\"true\">Platforms<\/span> \u00b7 <span>Programme year<\/span> \u00b7 <span>Standards<\/span> \u00b7 <span>Reports<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-pe-cap\">A platform joins a field to named methods, labelled evidence and the outputs it publishes, without becoming the authority it serves.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pe-steps\"><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">01 Scope<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Field and families<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Start \u00b7 The platform lead<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">The home states the field, its families and who it serves.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Topic dossiers<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Record \u00b7 Platform authors<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Topics explain the subject with labelled evidence.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">02 Evidence<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Evidence labels<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Record \u00b7 GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Each value is labelled: observed, published statistics, estimated, modelled, scenario or unknown.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Methods<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Step \u00b7 Method owners<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Methods come from the STEM Commons, each with one canonical page.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">03 Work<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Scenarios on the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Model \u00b7 Foundry pillar<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Scenarios run on the Nexus systems, labelled as scenario.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Standards that apply<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Record \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">The platform names the standards that apply. A validator report is evidence for review.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-lane\"><h3 class=\"nx-pe-lane-t\">04 Publish<\/h3><ol><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Editions<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Record \u00b7 Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Findings are published through Reports with their limits.<\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-pe-step\"><span class=\"nx-pe-n\" translate=\"no\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-st\">Authority decides<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-k\">Outcome \u00b7 The competent authority<\/span><span class=\"nx-pe-sm\">Decisions and execution stay with the government, operator or licensed institution.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-pe-foot\"><span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Critical Infrastructure home<\/a> \u00b7 Platforms \u00b7 Shared methods<\/span><span>An outline of how the work is designed to run; it does not report the status of any decision or record.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure\" data-nx-takepart=\"GCRI\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Take part<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Take part in Critical Infrastructure.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede nx-mt-2\">Start from who you are. Answer an open call. Or form and lead a competence cell on the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> platform.<\/p><div class=\"nx-mt-3\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"routes\"><div class=\"nx-tablist\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Ways to take part\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-routes\" aria-controls=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-routes\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"routes\">Routes<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-calls\" aria-controls=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-calls\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"calls\">Open calls<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-cell\" aria-controls=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-cell\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"cell\">Cells and CERTs<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-index\" aria-controls=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-index\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"index\">The Index<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-panel\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-routes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-routes\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Route<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">National institutions<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Ministries, statistics offices and agencies: a national desk and chapter, and a seat in the working groups. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/national-chapters\/\">National chapters<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Route<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Sectors and professions<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Operators, regulators, banks, insurers and professional bodies whose work touches Critical Infrastructure. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/participate\/\">Participate<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Route<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Learning<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Courses and practice, with a record of every course completed. Free to study. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/open-learning\/\">Open learning<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Route<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Standards<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Draft, review and adopt the methods and data standards with the working groups. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/working-groups\/\">Working groups<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Route<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Communities and research<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Universities, civil society and individual experts: projects, data and review. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/contact\/\">Write to the team<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-panel\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-calls\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-calls\" hidden><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-nx-calls=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Open call<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Seeks<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Closes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-closes=\"2026-12-15\"><td>Founding call for experts to the working groups <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-FOUNDING-EXPERTS<\/span><\/td><td>expert, editor, chair<\/td><td>2026-12-15<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2026-12-01\"><td>Open nomination for the three independent expert seats of the Global Standards Council <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-GSC-IND<\/span><\/td><td>council-member<\/td><td>2026-12-01<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2026-12-15\"><td>Nominations of interim regional members (applies only if the transitional provision is decided) <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-GSC-REG<\/span><\/td><td>council-member<\/td><td>2026-12-15<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2027-01-31\"><td>Review of the wave-1 risk core outlines (C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, C10, C11) <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-REVIEW-WAVE1<\/span><\/td><td>contributor<\/td><td>2027-01-31<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2027-01-31\"><td>Experts for the core standards of risk science: uncertainty and evidence grading, scales, structured expert judgement, tolerability, extremes and compound events, catastrophic and existential risk, ethics and equity, units and measurement (NRS-C17 to NRS-C24) <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-CORE-SCIENCE<\/span><\/td><td>expert, editor, chair<\/td><td>2027-01-31<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2027-03-31\"><td>Independent reviewers for the families of the hazard atlas, three from at least two regions for each family (NHS2-R19), priority families first <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-ATLAS-REVIEW<\/span><\/td><td>expert<\/td><td>2027-03-31<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2026-11-30\"><td>Members of the interim Frontier Safety Review Panel and red-team reviewers (biosafety and biosecurity, AI safety and security, critical-infrastructure security); applications treated in confidence <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-FRONTIER-SAFETY-REVIEW<\/span><\/td><td>expert<\/td><td>2026-11-30<\/td><\/tr><tr data-closes=\"2027-01-31\"><td>Experts in ontology, metrology, software verification and conformity assessment for the requirement register, the NHS-2 machine representation, the conformance test suites and the conformity assessment scheme <span class=\"nx-chip\">CALL-CONFORMANCE-ONTOLOGY<\/span><\/td><td>expert, editor<\/td><td>2027-01-31<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\">Calls past their closing date are hidden automatically. Every call, proposal and route: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/open-areas-and-calls\/\">open areas and calls<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-panel\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-cell\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-cell\" hidden><div class=\"nx-panel-split\"><ol class=\"nx-terms\"><li><h3 class=\"nx-terms-t\">Gather the cell<\/h3><p class=\"nx-terms-d\">Bring together three to seven people with complementary skills: data, field practice, policy and communication.<\/p><\/li><li><h3 class=\"nx-terms-t\">Register it<\/h3><p class=\"nx-terms-d\">Write to the team with the cell&#8217;s name, members, area and region. You receive a reference and a contact. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/contact\/\">Write to the team<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><h3 class=\"nx-terms-t\">Choose a charter<\/h3><p class=\"nx-terms-d\">Pick one focus: research and evidence, data and maps, standards review, or community preparedness.<\/p><\/li><li><h3 class=\"nx-terms-t\">Learn together<\/h3><p class=\"nx-terms-d\">Follow shared study paths at Risk Academy, with practice and a record of every course completed. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/\">Hazards and resilience<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><h3 class=\"nx-terms-t\">Lead and report<\/h3><p class=\"nx-terms-d\">Hold regular sessions. Publish what the cell learns through Reports. Bring findings to the working groups. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/working-groups\/\">Working groups<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-callout nx-panel-aside\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-cert\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-cert\">Specialise as a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">A CERT prepares its neighbourhood for the hazards it faces. It builds a local hazard profile from this site&#8217;s map. It trains in household and street preparedness. It learns first aid and light search through recognised local providers, and it runs drills.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p\">A CERT works alongside the local emergency services and follows their direction. It never replaces them and is not an emergency service.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-panel\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-panel-index\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-tp-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-tab-index\" hidden><p class=\"nx-panel-lead\">What a national team or a local community can do on The Global Risks Index (<a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-s6\" data-tc=\"NXS-GRX\" data-tk=\"Nexus system\" data-td=\"Canonical data, provenance and risk\" data-ts=\"NRS-S6\">NXS-GRX<\/a>) today.<\/p><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"4\"><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">NXS-GRX<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Your country&#8217;s profile<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Open risk profiles for 195 countries, with sources and licences on every value. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/\">Open the Index<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">NXS-GRX<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Correct or reply<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Correct a value or reply for your country. The change is logged with its effect. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/\">Open the Index<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">NXS-GRX<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Offer data<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Offer a dataset. It enters through the licence gate, with your credit. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/\">Open the Index<\/a><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">NXS-GRX<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Use the open data<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Layers, profiles and tiles through the open API. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/\">Open the Index<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" id=\"nx-grix-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-nx-grix=\"infrastructure:western-europe\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-grix-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The Global Risks Index<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-grix-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Every figure on this page is indexed: infrastructure, energy, cyber, Western Europe.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The Index is the Consortium&#8217;s indexing system for risk data. Every indicator, hazard, series and country profile carries its <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> identifier, its source and its licence, so what this page shows can be traced, corrected and reused.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix\"><ol class=\"nx-grix-rail\" aria-label=\"The data pipeline\"><li class=\"nx-grix-node\"><span class=\"nx-grix-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-k\">01 \u00b7 Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-t\">205 registered sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-m\">Every value keeps its source and licence; withheld values are counted.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-grix-go\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/data\/\">Data and licences<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-node\"><span class=\"nx-grix-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-k\">02 \u00b7 Nexus Standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-t\">NIS-1 and NHS-1<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-m\">451 indicators, 905 hazards; every record carries a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a>.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-grix-go\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-node\"><span class=\"nx-grix-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-k\">03 \u00b7 The Index<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-t\">54 series, 195 country profiles<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-m\">Computed on the standards; no value is published until an edition is released.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-grix-go\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/\">The Global Risks Index<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-node\"><span class=\"nx-grix-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-k\">04 \u00b7 This page<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-t\">Critical Infrastructure<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-m\">Maps, figures and feeds read the Index in the context of infrastructure, energy, cyber and Western Europe.<\/span><a class=\"nx-link nx-grix-go\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/developers\/\">Public API<\/a><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nx-grix-kpis\"><div class=\"nx-grix-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric\" data-count=\"true\">205<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric-note\">registered, each with its licence<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric\" data-count=\"true\">451<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric-note\">NIS-1, 106 composites, 20 domain indices<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric\" data-count=\"true\">905<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric-note\">NHS-1, crosswalked to UNDRR-ISC HIPs<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Series<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric\" data-count=\"true\">54<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric-note\">global, sector, strategic, technology, thematic<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Country profiles<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric\" data-count=\"true\">195<\/span><span class=\"nx-metric-note\">one site per country<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-grid\"><div class=\"nx-grix-col\"><h3 class=\"nx-grix-h\">Series in this context <span class=\"nx-grix-hm\">infrastructure, energy, cyber<\/span><\/h3><ol class=\"nx-grix-ledger\"><li class=\"nx-grix-row\"><span class=\"nx-grix-fam\">GS<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-b\"><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/series\/gs-09\/\">Global Infrastructure<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-row-d\">Infrastructure fragility, service continuity, interdependency of power, water, transport and telecommunications, and investment exposure.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-r\"><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000067<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-dom\">Infrastructure \u00b7 Energy \u00b7 Cyber<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-row\"><span class=\"nx-grix-fam\">GLB<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-b\"><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/global\/\">Global Systems<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-row-d\">The state of interdependent <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 global-risk\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Nexus risk class: a risk whose hazard, consequences or causal chain crosses national borders and acts at continental or planetary scale, so that no single country can assess or manage it alone.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">global risk<\/a>: the twenty domain indices aggregated to the world, the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> (water, energy, food, health, biodiversity) and their couplings, the global tail register and the gap\u2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-r\"><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000002<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-dom\">Hazards \u00b7 Energy \u00b7 Infrastructure<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-row\"><span class=\"nx-grix-fam\">GS<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-b\"><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/series\/gs-02\/\">Global Energy<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-row-d\">Supply adequacy, import dependency, grid reliability, affordability, extreme-weather exposure, critical minerals and transition pathways.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-r\"><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000060<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-dom\">Energy \u00b7 Infrastructure \u00b7 Cyber<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"nx-grix-row\"><span class=\"nx-grix-fam\">XT<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-b\"><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/series\/xt-02\/\">Cyber and cyber-physical systems<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-row-d\">Threats to operational technology, industrial control and cyber-physical systems across energy, water, health, ports and logistics.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-row-r\"><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000089<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-dom\">Cyber \u00b7 Infrastructure \u00b7 Energy<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-grix-foot\" data-nav=\"inline\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/series\/\">All 54 series<\/a> \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/indices\/\">The 20 domain indices<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-col nx-grix-side\"><div class=\"nx-grix-panel\"><h3 class=\"nx-grix-h\">Country profiles <span class=\"nx-grix-hm\">Western Europe<\/span><\/h3><div class=\"nx-grix-chips\"><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/fra\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">FRA<\/span>France<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/deu\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">DEU<\/span>Germany<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/bel\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">BEL<\/span>Belgium<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/nld\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">NLD<\/span>Netherlands<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/lux\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">LUX<\/span>Luxembourg<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/che\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">CHE<\/span>Switzerland<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/aut\/\"><span class=\"nx-grix-iso\">AUT<\/span>Austria<\/a><a class=\"nx-grix-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/countries\/\">all country profiles<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nx-grix-foot\">Every country profile carries the source and licence of each value. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/contribute\/\">Correct a value or reply<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-panel\"><h3 class=\"nx-grix-h\">Hazard domains <span class=\"nx-grix-hm\">NHS-1<\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"nx-grix-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\">Built systems<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000144<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/tech\/\">Frontier and exponential technology<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-uni\" title=\"Nexus Universal Identifier (NS-1)\">NXS-GRX-AR-000146<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-grix-panel\"><h3 class=\"nx-grix-h\">Geodata and API <span class=\"nx-grix-hm\">open<\/span><\/h3><p class=\"nx-grix-m\">Open layers on an equal-area hexagon grid, shown as densities per km\u00b2 or as symbols: <span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">People \u00b7 GHSL 2025<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">People \u00b7 WorldPop 2025<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Built-up area<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Ports<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Airports<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Roads<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Railways<\/span><span class=\"nx-grix-tag\">Rivers and lake centrelines<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-grix-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-grix-row-t\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/observatory\/\">Risk Observatory map<\/a><span class=\"nx-grix-dom\">open<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-grix-m\"><code class=\"nx-grix-code\">\/api\/v1\/public\/grix<\/code> \u00b7 <code class=\"nx-grix-code\">https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/{uni}<\/code><br><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/developers\/\">Developers<\/a> \u00b7 Data \u00b7 Made with Natural Earth, Public domain; GHSL and WorldPop, CC BY 4.0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-grix-note\">Snapshot of the Index registries pinned 2026-10-23 \u00b7 22c6eed. Research and risk-analytics information: not a rating, an official classification, a warning, a benchmark or advice.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/heatwave\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Heatwave<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/infrastructure-energy\/critical-infrastructure\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Critical infrastructure and lifelines<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/energy-risk-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Energy risk standards<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><nav class=\"nx-deeper nx-hubs\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-hubs-h\" data-nx-hubs=\"3\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-critical-infrastructure-hubs-h\">The same subject across the Consortium<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Energy and Critical Infrastructure<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/infrastructure-energy\/critical-infrastructure\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Learn:<\/span> Critical infrastructure and lifelines<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/series\/gs-09\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Index:<\/span> Global Infrastructure series<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-24\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Critical Infrastructure<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-24\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring a method, a dataset or a question.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Information and enquiries are open today. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/write-to-us\/research-collaboration\/\">Propose a method <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/contact\/\">See all contact routes<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-legal-25\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Legal<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-legal-25\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Legal documents.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Legal documents\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/terms\/\">Platform Terms of Use <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/privacy\/\">Platform Privacy Notice <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/cookies\/\">Platform Cookie and Storage Notice <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/legal-notice\/\">Legal Notice <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/acceptable-use\/\">Acceptable Use Policy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/participation-terms\/\">Participation and Events Terms <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/contribution-terms\/\">Contribution Terms <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/research-and-data-terms\/\">Research and Data Terms <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/ai-use\/\">AI-use Statement <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/intellectual-property\/\">Intellectual Property and Licensing <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/trademark-policy\/\">Trademark and Name Use Policy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/disclaimer\/\">Disclaimers and Data Notices <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/corrections\/\">Corrections and Right of Reply Policy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/complaints-and-integrity\/\">Complaints and integrity reporting <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/security\/\">Security and responsible disclosure <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/code-of-conduct\/\">Code of Conduct <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/trust\/accessibility\/\">Accessibility Statement <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/legal\/third-party-notices\/\">Third-party notices and attributions <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Maps, data and figures on this site are shown for context and general information. They are not advice, forecasts or warnings; the limits of the information are set out in the Disclaimers and Data Notices.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Who publishes Critical Infrastructure?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) publishes Critical Infrastructure and is responsible for what it publishes. GCRI is a research, development and policy institution. 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