{"id":189,"date":"2026-10-13T11:12:09","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T11:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/?page_id=189"},"modified":"2026-10-13T17:10:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T17:10:02","slug":"renewables-and-storage","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/","title":{"rendered":"Renewables and storage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Nexus network page \u00b7 https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/ \u00b7 source authored \u00b7 generated by integrations\/wordpress\/network\/build.mjs, never edit this file --><script type=\"text\/x-nexus\" class=\"_iub_cs_skip\" id=\"nxe-fig-engine\" 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:where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n12ec603.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-hero\" data-layout=\"dossier\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-title-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-folio\" aria-label=\"Document reference\"><strong>G03 \u00b7 TOPIC \u00b7 renewables-and-storage<\/strong>GCRI dossier \u00b7 service level R0<\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Energy Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Established<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Topic dossier \u00b7 Energy Nexus<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Renewables and storage<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Wind and solar output follows the weather, so a power system built on them must plan for the hours, days and seasons when the weather does not cooperate. Storage, flexible demand, interconnection and dispatchable generation fill the gaps, each over a different duration. This page sets out how weather variability becomes a system risk, how storage technologies differ, and what evidence planners, operators and regulators use to size flexibility.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Dossier<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">G03 \u00b7 topic<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">In brief<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Definition and scope<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 mechanisms<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Key terms<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Field<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">H3 field plate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">7<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Pipeline<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Run graph<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">7<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Decision holders<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">4<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-methods\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Methods<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">5<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-register-foot\">GCRI \u00b7 Established \u00b7 service level R0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span>01<\/span>The short answer<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span>02<\/span>Energy demand and corridors in Viet\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-s-4-sec\"><span>03<\/span>Dispatch and adequacy, in outline<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span>04<\/span>Renewables and storage: how the risk\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span>05<\/span>Terms used on this page<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span>06<\/span>What is measured, and how well<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span>07<\/span>From sources to decisions<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span>08<\/span>Where the evidence comes from<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <section id=\"nx-sec-brief-answer\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"energy\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In brief<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The short answer.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Renewable variability is the change in wind and solar output with the weather over hours, days and seasons. A power system built on these sources must plan for spells when output is low across wide areas, and fills the gaps with storage, flexible demand, interconnection and dispatchable plants, each covering a different duration.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Energy demand and corridors in Viet Nam.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Where demand concentrates in cities and the rail, road and port corridors that move fuel and equipment, shown for Viet Nam as an example geography for this subject.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-map nx-cmap\" data-nx-map=\"ctx\" data-cmap=\"vietnam:energy\" data-ramp=\"orange\" data-basis=\"case\" data-focus=\"0 0 2000 1400|832 356 985 473|1116 797 1231 933|786 186 930 307\"><figure class=\"nx-fk\" data-fk=\"map-vietnam-energy\" data-ramp=\"orange\" 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\"><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Where demand concentrates in cities and the rail, road and port corridors that move fuel and equipment.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Indicator derived from Natural Earth at map scale; a screening view, not an assessment.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G03\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Energy Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-map-hud\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 Energy Nexus \u00b7 field<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-map-hud-right\">DESIGN FIGURE<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-4-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Console<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Dispatch and adequacy, in outline.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The working screen behind this subject: its structure, terms and states. Names are placeholders and values illustrative.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-energy-dispatch\" data-cx=\"energy.dispatch\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Dispatch and adequacy: illustrative console with placeholder names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Dispatch and adequacy<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Renewables and storage \u00b7 Day ahead \u00b7 Control area 2<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure's values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Margin adequate<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Energy Nexus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"4\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Generation mix, day ahead<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 520 210\" width=\"520\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-label=\"Generation mix, day ahead\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-energy-dispatch-c0\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nx-fk-legend\"><li><span class=\"nx-fk-key\" data-c=\"c1\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Thermal<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-fk-key\" data-c=\"c2\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Wind and solar<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-fk-key\" data-c=\"c3\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Hydro<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"2\" data-t=\"bullets\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Margins<\/h4><p class=\"nx-fk-panel-sub\">available vs required<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-chart\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 460 98\" width=\"460\" height=\"98\" role=\"img\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-label=\"Margins\" data-fk-chart=\"bars\"><g data-m=\"row\" data-k=\"r-b0\"><text data-m=\"rlabel\" x=\"124\" y=\"19\" text-anchor=\"end\">Upward reserve<\/text><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b0\" data-c=\"pos\" x=\"132\" y=\"4\" width=\"101.6\" height=\"22\"\/><text data-m=\"vlabel\" data-k=\"v-b0\" x=\"239.6\" y=\"19\">977 MW \u00b7 req 800<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"460\" height=\"30\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"row\" data-k=\"r-b1\"><text data-m=\"rlabel\" x=\"124\" y=\"49\" text-anchor=\"end\">Downward reserve<\/text><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b1\" data-c=\"pos\" x=\"132\" y=\"34\" width=\"65.5\" height=\"22\"\/><text data-m=\"vlabel\" data-k=\"v-b1\" x=\"203.5\" y=\"49\">629 MW \u00b7 req 400<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"0\" y=\"30\" width=\"460\" height=\"30\"\/><\/g><g data-m=\"row\" data-k=\"r-b2\"><text data-m=\"rlabel\" x=\"124\" y=\"79\" text-anchor=\"end\">Fast frequency<\/text><rect data-m=\"bar\" data-k=\"b-b2\" data-c=\"neg\" x=\"132\" y=\"64\" width=\"20.1\" height=\"22\"\/><text data-m=\"vlabel\" data-k=\"v-b2\" x=\"158.1\" y=\"79\">193 MW \u00b7 req 250<\/text><rect data-m=\"hit\" x=\"0\" y=\"60\" width=\"460\" height=\"30\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"6\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Storage and flexibility<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-energy-dispatch-t2\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-energy-dispatch-t2\" aria-label=\"Storage and flexibility\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Asset<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Type<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">State of charge (%)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">Available (MW)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c4\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c4\">Status<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-energy-dispatch:r2-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>ST-1<\/td><td>Battery<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"34\">34<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"107\">107<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Available<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-energy-dispatch:r2-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>PH-2<\/td><td>Pumped hydro<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"88\">88<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"269\">269<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Available<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-energy-dispatch:r2-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>DR-East<\/td><td>Demand response<\/td><td data-num=\"true\">n\/a<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"74\">74<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"info\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Contracted<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Dispatch and adequacy: the screen's structure, terms and states for Renewables and storage.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Placeholder names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"energy\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Renewables and storage: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Storage technologies and weather variability. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M12 2v2\"\/><path d=\"m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M20 12h2\"\/><path d=\"m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M15.947 12.65a4 4 0 0 0-5.925-4.128\"\/><path d=\"M3 20a5 5 0 1 1 8.9-4H13a3 3 0 0 1 2 5.24\"\/><path d=\"M11 20v2\"\/><path d=\"M7 19v2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Weather sets the supply<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Wind output varies with pressure systems over days, and solar with cloud, season and latitude. Long, calm, overcast spells in winter, sometimes called dark doldrums, are the stress case that planners size firm capacity and storage against.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"2\" y=\"16\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><rect x=\"9\" y=\"2\" width=\"6\" height=\"6\" rx=\"1\"\/><path d=\"M5 16v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h12a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3\"\/><path d=\"M12 12V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Correlation across sites<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Plants spread over a large area smooth each other only when their weather is uncorrelated. A persistent high-pressure system can suppress wind across several countries at once, so interconnection helps less than geography alone suggests.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2.97 12.92A2 2 0 0 0 2 14.63v3.24a2 2 0 0 0 .97 1.71l3 1.8a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0L12 19v-5.5l-5-3-4.03 2.42Z\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5-4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5 5-3\"\/><path d=\"M7 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V19l3.97 2.38a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0l3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0 .97-1.71v-3.24a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71L17 10.5l-5 3Z\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5-5-3\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M17 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M7.97 4.42A2 2 0 0 0 7 6.13v4.37l5 3 5-3V6.13a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71l-3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0-2.06 0l-3 1.8Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 8 7.26 5.15\"\/><path d=\"m12 8 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Storage by duration<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Batteries shift energy over hours, pumped hydro over hours to days, and hydrogen or other long-duration options over weeks or seasons. Each duration answers a different gap, and no single technology answers all of them at acceptable cost.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 12h-2.48a2 2 0 0 0-1.93 1.46l-2.35 8.36a.25.25 0 0 1-.48 0L9.24 2.18a.25.25 0 0 0-.48 0l-2.35 8.36A2 2 0 0 1 4.49 12H2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Grid services change<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Inverter-based plants provide no inertia unless designed and paid to. Fault ride-through, grid-forming control and fast frequency response decide whether a grid with a high share of renewables survives a disturbance.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Capacity factor<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">Actual generation over a period divided by the generation at full rated output for the same period.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Dunkelflaute<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A spell of low wind and low solar output, often in winter, also called a dark doldrum.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Residual load<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">Demand minus variable renewable generation, the load the rest of the system must meet.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Round-trip efficiency<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The share of energy put into storage that can be taken back out.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Wind and solar capacity factor<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of rated output<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">hourly and annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Metered generation against installed capacity<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Residual load<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">megawatts<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">hourly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Demand minus variable generation<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Low-generation spell duration<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">hours below a stated output threshold<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per event<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Reanalysis-driven generation models<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Curtailed renewable energy<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">megawatt hours<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Operator reports<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">REPORTED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Installed storage power and energy<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">megawatts; megawatt hours<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">quarterly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Capacity registers and statistics<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Storage round-trip efficiency<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per asset<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Metered charge and discharge<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Solar and wind resource<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">kilowatt hours per square metre; metres per second<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">long-term average<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Resource atlases<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">MODELLED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G03\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pipeline\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"energy\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">From sources to decisions.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The topic as a computational graph: named sources feed the methods, an evidence review gates the outputs, and the decisions stay with the authorities that hold them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Pipeline canvas<\/strong> \u00b7 Renewables and storage as a run graph<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-figure nx-ui nx-dag\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 564\" data-nx-dag=\"true\" data-w=\"1200\" data-h=\"564\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-dag-g03-topics-renewables-and-storage-ipcc-ri-t nx-dag-g03-topics-renewables-and-storage-ipcc-ri-d\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><title id=\"nx-dag-g03-topics-renewables-and-storage-ipcc-ri-t\">Renewables and storage: risk as hazard, exposure and vulnerability<\/title><desc id=\"nx-dag-g03-topics-renewables-and-storage-ipcc-ri-d\">Risk arises from the interaction of hazard, exposure and vulnerability (sensitivity and adaptive capacity); responses act on each driver and leave a residual risk that is monitored. Design of the process, not a record of a run.<\/desc><\/svg><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig. 02<\/strong><span>Nodes carry their type, two metric rows and a state; connectors show what feeds what; dashed frames name the owners; the timeline is the cadence. Design of the pipeline, not a record of a run.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IRENA renewable capacity and generation statistics (IRENASTAT)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Installed capacity and generation by technology and country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Ember electricity data<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Monthly and annual generation by source for many countries<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind Atlas (World Bank, ESMAP, DTU)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Long-term solar irradiation and wind resource maps<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Hourly wind, irradiance and temperature to build weather-driven generation series<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Copernicus Climate Change Service energy indicators<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Climate-driven wind, solar and demand indicators for Europe<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Renewables.ninja<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Simulated hourly wind and solar output for any location<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free for non-commercial use, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">DOE Global Energy Storage Database (Sandia)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Storage projects by technology, status and size<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public domain<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G03\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Energy Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">System planners and transmission operators<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">How much firm and flexible capacity a high-renewable system needs, and of which duration<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Multi-decade weather-year ensembles; low-generation spell catalogues<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Energy regulators<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">How to design markets and grid codes that reward flexibility and grid-forming capability<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Curtailment records, residual load profiles, grid code requirements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Ministries and development finance institutions<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which storage technologies to support and where<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Storage scenarios by duration with costs, materials and safety stated<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Fire services and local planning authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">What battery storage sites require in permitting and emergency planning<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Thermal-runaway evidence from published incidents and fire safety standards<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Weather-year ensembles of wind, solar and demand for adequacy studies<\/li><li>Low-generation spell catalogues with duration, season and spatial extent<\/li><li>Storage and flexibility scenarios by duration class<\/li><li>Technology briefs on storage safety, degradation and materials<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"energy\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask about variability and storage.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>How often, and for how long, do periods of low wind and low sunlight occur together across a region?<\/li><li>Which mix of storage durations best covers hourly, daily, weekly and seasonal gaps?<\/li><li>How will battery, pumped hydro and other storage behave when they are needed most, including after long idle periods or in extreme temperatures?<\/li><li>What materials and supply chains do storage technologies depend on?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Variability, flexibility and storage physics.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M12 2v2\"\/><path d=\"m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M20 12h2\"\/><path d=\"m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41\"\/><path d=\"M15.947 12.65a4 4 0 0 0-5.925-4.128\"\/><path d=\"M3 20a5 5 0 1 1 8.9-4H13a3 3 0 0 1 2 5.24\"\/><path d=\"M11 20v2\"\/><path d=\"M7 19v2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Weather<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Correlated output<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Large weather systems affect many wind and solar sites at once. Geographic spread reduces but does not remove correlation.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4 14a1 1 0 0 1-.78-1.63l9.9-10.2a.5.5 0 0 1 .86.46l-1.92 6.02A1 1 0 0 0 13 10h7a1 1 0 0 1 .78 1.63l-9.9 10.2a.5.5 0 0 1-.86-.46l1.92-6.02A1 1 0 0 0 11 14z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Duration<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Power versus energy<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Storage has a power rating and an energy capacity. Short-duration batteries handle fast balancing; long gaps need much larger energy stores.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M15 7h1a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 7H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v6a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h1\"\/><path d=\"m11 7-3 5h4l-3 5\"\/><line x1=\"22\" x2=\"22\" y1=\"11\" y2=\"13\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Materials<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Degradation and safety<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Battery cells age with cycling and temperature, and thermal runaway is a known hazard that design and siting must address.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-limits\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and limits<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How variability and storage are studied.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Reanalysis weather data<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Decades of reconstructed weather allow simulation of wind and solar output over many years. Reanalysis smooths local extremes and may misrepresent future climate.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Capacity expansion models<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/optimization\/\">Optimization<\/a> models choose least-cost mixes of generation and storage. Results are sensitive to cost assumptions and to how many weather years are included.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Electrochemical testing<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Laboratory and field data on cell ageing and failure, grounded in <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/materials-chemistry\/\">materials science and chemistry<\/a>. Field data on large installations is still accumulating.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Probabilistic adequacy<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Tests whether a given mix meets demand through rare weather sequences. The rarest events are, by nature, the least well sampled.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"energy\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/energy-technology\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Energy generation, storage and grid technology<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Weather-driven generation profiles \u00b7 Storage technology comparison<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/energy-technology\/\" aria-label=\"Energy generation, storage and grid technology: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/forecasting\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Forecasting and time-series analysis<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Load forecasting with weather \u00b7 Wind and solar power forecasts \u00b7 Seasonal adequacy outlooks<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/forecasting\/\" aria-label=\"Forecasting and time-series analysis: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/optimization\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Optimization and operations research<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Capacity expansion planning \u00b7 Unit commitment and dispatch \u00b7 Restoration sequencing<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/optimization\/\" aria-label=\"Optimization and operations research: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/power-engineering\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Power systems engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Contingency and load flow studies \u00b7 Frequency stability with less inertia<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/engineering\/power-engineering\/\" aria-label=\"Power systems engineering: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/stem\/materials-chemistry\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Materials science and chemistry<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Battery chemistry and thermal runaway \u00b7 Ageing and corrosion of grid assets<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/materials-chemistry\/\" aria-label=\"Materials science and chemistry: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Reanalysis-driven generation series reproduce past weather, and the climate is changing the statistics of wind, cloud and temperature. Short operating records for large storage limit what is known about degradation at scale. Cost and performance figures change quickly and are often reported by parties with interests. Energy Nexus states assumptions beside every scenario and does not recommend technologies or vendors.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-15-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is a dark doldrum?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">A spell of low wind and low solar output, often in winter under a persistent high-pressure system. Its length and how widely it spreads decide how much storage and firm capacity the system needs.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can batteries cover a week without wind?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Battery fleets are mostly sized for hours. Multi-day and seasonal gaps are met by interconnection, hydropower, flexible demand, dispatchable plants or long-duration storage, each with its own costs and limits.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why use many weather years rather than one?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because the stress case is rare. A single typical year hides the extremes that set adequacy, so planners use long reanalysis records and climate projections together.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are battery fires a reason to avoid storage?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">They are a known hazard that is managed through cell chemistry, system design, spacing, detection and emergency planning. Energy Nexus studies the evidence and does not take positions on particular products.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Energy Nexus publish cost forecasts?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. It reports cost assumptions used by others, with their sources, where they affect reliability conclusions.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-rel-16\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-rel-16\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Around Energy Nexus.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Related\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/energy-security\/\">Energy security <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/power-grids-and-interconnection\/\">Power grids and interconnection <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/heat-and-cooling\/\">Heat and cooling <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/hydropower-and-water\/\">Hydropower and water <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/industrial-energy-systems\/\">Industrial energy systems <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/nuclear-energy-safety-interface\/\">Nuclear energy and the safety interface <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/\">Energy Nexus home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/counterparts\/\">Counterparts across the Consortium <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/\">The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/trust\/\">GCRI governance and trust <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-17\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Energy Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring your expertise to this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"mailto:contact@therisk.global?subject=Energy%20Nexus%3A%20Renewables%20and%20storage\">Write to the team <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/contact\/\">See all contact routes<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/renewables-and-storage\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is a dark doldrum?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A spell of low wind and low solar output, often in winter under a persistent high-pressure system. 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