{"id":186,"date":"2026-10-13T11:27:18","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T11:27:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/?page_id=186"},"modified":"2026-10-13T18:06:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T18:06:27","slug":"storage-and-cold-chain","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/","title":{"rendered":"Storage and cold chain"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Nexus network page \u00b7 https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/ \u00b7 source authored \u00b7 generated by integrations\/wordpress\/network\/build.mjs, never edit this file --><script type=\"text\/x-nexus\" class=\"_iub_cs_skip\" id=\"nxe-fig-engine\" 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auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-hero\" data-layout=\"dag\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-title-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-folio\" aria-label=\"Document reference\"><strong>G02 \u00b7 TOPIC \u00b7 storage-and-cold-chain<\/strong>GCRI dossier \u00b7 service level R0<\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Food Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Established<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Topic dossier \u00b7 Food Nexus<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Storage and cold chain<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Between harvest and plate, food is dried, stored, cooled, processed, packed and moved. Each step can lose food to spoilage, pests and damage, and each can introduce hazards that make food unsafe. Perishable foods such as fruit, vegetables, dairy, meat and fish depend on an unbroken cold chain, which in turn depends on electricity and refrigerants. This page sets out where losses and safety failures arise, how they are measured, and who acts on the evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-canvas\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Systems<\/strong> \u00b7 around this subject<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-food-cold-chain\" data-cx=\"food.cold-chain\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Storage and cold chain: illustrative console with placeholder names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Storage and cold chain<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Storage and cold chain \u00b7 Supply corridor 2 \u00b7 Week 31<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure's values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><ul class=\"nx-fk-kpis\" data-n=\"4\"><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Sites reporting<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k0\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">21<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">of 24<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Normal<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k0\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,10.1L10.2,11.7L18.4,14.9L26.5,17.7L34.7,21.7L42.9,23L51.1,17.6L59.3,11.7L67.5,8.7L75.6,7.3L83.8,3L92,5.4L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,10.1L10.2,11.7L18.4,14.9L26.5,17.7L34.7,21.7L42.9,23L51.1,17.6L59.3,11.7L67.5,8.7L75.6,7.3L83.8,3L92,5.4\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"5.4\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Excursions this week<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k1\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">7<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k1\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,19.2L10.2,17.4L18.4,23L26.5,21L34.7,17.7L42.9,15.5L51.1,14.8L59.3,10.4L67.5,8.8L75.6,3.7L83.8,3L92,16L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,19.2L10.2,17.4L18.4,23L26.5,21L34.7,17.7L42.9,15.5L51.1,14.8L59.3,10.4L67.5,8.8L75.6,3.7L83.8,3L92,16\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"16\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Estimated post-harvest loss<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k2\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">7<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">pct of throughput<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k2\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,14L10.2,12.6L18.4,14.8L26.5,23L34.7,14L42.9,17.8L51.1,12.6L59.3,11.4L67.5,3.6L75.6,4L83.8,6.9L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,14L10.2,12.6L18.4,14.8L26.5,23L34.7,14L42.9,17.8L51.1,12.6L59.3,11.4L67.5,3.6L75.6,4L83.8,6.9L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Days of stock in reserve<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k3\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">38<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">days<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Normal<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k3\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,17.2L10.2,23L18.4,23L26.5,15.9L34.7,9.9L42.9,15.1L51.1,17.4L59.3,10.9L67.5,10.1L75.6,9L83.8,4.8L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,17.2L10.2,23L18.4,23L26.5,15.9L34.7,9.9L42.9,15.1L51.1,17.4L59.3,10.9L67.5,10.1L75.6,9L83.8,4.8L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Two sites above temperature band<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Food Nexus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Store temperature<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 460 210\" width=\"460\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Store temperature\" focusable=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-food-cold-chain-c1\" data-fk-xs=\"lin,0,23,36,446\" data-fk-ys=\"lin,0,100,180,20\" data-fk-series=\"Measured|ink|l||0:43.8;1:40.7;2:43.8;3:44.5;4:48;5:50;6:45.3;7:41.3;8:44.4;9:43.1;10:37.9;11:37;12:32.8;13:27.9;14:30.4;15:33;16:33;17:37.4;18:37.8;19:38.2;20:40.8;21:45.2;22:44.9;23:44.8\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Stores<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-food-cold-chain-t2\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-food-cold-chain-t2\" aria-label=\"Stores\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Store<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Fill (%)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Temp (\u00b0C)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">State<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>CS-01<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"67\">67<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"4\">4<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>In band<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-current=\"true\" data-cur=\"true\"><td>CS-04<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"62\">62<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"8\">8<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Excursion<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>WH-02<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"79\">79<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"19\">19<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Ambient<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>CS-07<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"23\">23<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"7\">7<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>In band<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Storage and cold chain: the screen's structure, terms and states for Storage and cold chain.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Placeholder names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig.<\/strong><span>Storage and cold chain. Design wireframe with placeholder names and illustrative values, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-brief-answer\"><span>01<\/span>The short answer<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span>02<\/span>Food systems and trade routes in India<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span>03<\/span>Storage and cold chain: how the risk\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\"><span>04<\/span>Terms used on this page<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span>05<\/span>What is measured, and how well<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-pipeline\"><span>06<\/span>From sources to decisions<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span>07<\/span>Where the evidence comes from<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span>08<\/span>Who decides, and what the evidence\u2026<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <section id=\"nx-sec-brief-answer\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">In brief<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The short answer.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The cold chain is the unbroken sequence of refrigerated storage and transport that keeps perishable food safe from harvest to consumption. With drying, storage and processing it decides how much food is lost after harvest and whether food stays safe. It depends on electricity and refrigerants, so power failures and heat reach food safety directly.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Food systems and trade routes in India.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Plains, deltas and basins, the corridors that carry food to ports, and how far each division sits from one, shown for India as an example geography for this subject.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-map nx-cmap\" data-nx-map=\"ctx\" data-cmap=\"india:food\" data-ramp=\"orange\" data-basis=\"case\" data-focus=\"0 0 2000 1400|501 326 832 629|662 475 1003 715|601 672 927 941\"><figure class=\"nx-fk\" data-fk=\"map-india-food\" data-ramp=\"orange\" 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\"><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Plains, deltas and basins, the corridors that carry food to ports, and how far each division sits from one.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Indicator derived from Natural Earth at map scale; a screening view, not an assessment.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Food Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-map-hud\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 Food Nexus \u00b7 field<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-map-hud-right\">DESIGN FIGURE<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Storage and cold chain: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Refrigeration, logistics and food safety. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2.97 12.92A2 2 0 0 0 2 14.63v3.24a2 2 0 0 0 .97 1.71l3 1.8a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0L12 19v-5.5l-5-3-4.03 2.42Z\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5-4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5 5-3\"\/><path d=\"M7 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V19l3.97 2.38a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0l3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0 .97-1.71v-3.24a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71L17 10.5l-5 3Z\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5-5-3\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M17 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M7.97 4.42A2 2 0 0 0 7 6.13v4.37l5 3 5-3V6.13a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71l-3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0-2.06 0l-3 1.8Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 8 7.26 5.15\"\/><path d=\"m12 8 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Losses differ by stage and setting<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Where drying, storage and transport are weak, losses concentrate on the farm and in storage, from moulds, pests and damage. Where they are strong, waste concentrates in retail and households. Each stage needs different measures.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4 14a1 1 0 0 1-.78-1.63l9.9-10.2a.5.5 0 0 1 .86.46l-1.92 6.02A1 1 0 0 0 13 10h7a1 1 0 0 1 .78 1.63l-9.9 10.2a.5.5 0 0 1-.86-.46l1.92-6.02A1 1 0 0 0 11 14z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Cold chains depend on power<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Refrigeration needs continuous electricity or fuel. Outages, heatwaves beyond equipment design and gaps at transfer points let temperatures rise, and quality and safety degrade within hours.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 13c0 5-3.5 7.5-7.66 8.95a1 1 0 0 1-.67-.01C7.5 20.5 4 18 4 13V6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1c2 0 4.5-1.2 6.24-2.72a1.17 1.17 0 0 1 1.52 0C14.51 3.81 17 5 19 5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1z\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Contamination travels with the product<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mycotoxins from poorly dried grain, pathogens from broken temperature control and chemical residues move with food through trade. One contaminated lot can reach many countries before it is traced.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83Z\"\/><path d=\"m22 17.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 17.65\"\/><path d=\"m22 12.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 12.65\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Storage capacity sets the buffer<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Public and private stocks smooth supply between harvests and through shocks. Stocks that are too small, poorly managed or in the wrong place leave a country exposed when imports or harvests fail.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Post-harvest loss<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">The measurable quantity and quality of food lost between harvest and consumption, from handling, storage, pests and spoilage.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Food loss index<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">An index of food losses from production up to but not including retail, relative to a base period; SDG indicator 12.3.1a, reported by FAO.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Aflatoxin<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A toxic and carcinogenic compound produced by moulds on stored grain and nuts, controlled by drying, storage and maximum limits set by Codex and national rules.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Term\">Temperature excursion<\/td><td data-label=\"Definition\">A period when a refrigerated product falls outside its required temperature range during storage or transport.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food loss index (SDG 12.3.1a)<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">index of loss percentage against a base period<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">National loss surveys and models<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food waste per capita (SDG 12.3.1b)<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">kilograms per person per year<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Household, retail and food service measurement<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Post-harvest loss by crop and stage<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of harvested quantity<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">seasonal<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Loss assessment surveys<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Refrigerated storage capacity<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">cubic metres<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Industry and government inventories<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">REPORTED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Temperature excursions in storage and transport<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">hours outside the specified range<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">continuous<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Data loggers<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food safety notifications<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">count by hazard and product<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">weekly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Rapid alert systems<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Aflatoxin exceedance in sampled grain<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of samples above the applicable limit<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per survey<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Laboratory testing<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Public grain stock level<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">months of consumption<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Reserve agency records<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OFFICIAL<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pipeline\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">From sources to decisions.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The topic as a computational graph: named sources feed the methods, an evidence review gates the outputs, and the decisions stay with the authorities that hold them.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Pipeline canvas<\/strong> \u00b7 Storage and cold chain as a run graph<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-figure nx-ui nx-dag\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 564\" data-nx-dag=\"true\" data-w=\"1200\" data-h=\"564\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-dag-g02-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-food-ew-t nx-dag-g02-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-food-ew-d\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><title id=\"nx-dag-g02-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-food-ew-t\">Storage and cold chain: food security early warning to early action<\/title><desc id=\"nx-dag-g02-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-food-ew-d\">Market prices, crop conditions and rainfall feed a seasonal outlook and a food security analysis by area; projected phases are tested against pre-agreed triggers, and early actions are released before the lean season. Design of the process, not a record of a run.<\/desc><\/svg><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig. 02<\/strong><span>Nodes carry their type, two metric rows and a state; connectors show what feeds what; dashed frames name the owners; the timeline is the cadence. Design of the pipeline, not a record of a run.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">FAO Food Loss and Waste Database<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Loss and waste estimates by commodity, stage and country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">UNEP Food Waste Index reports<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Household, retail and food service waste estimates and the measurement method<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">African Postharvest Losses Information System (APHLIS)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Cereal post-harvest loss estimates by country and province<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Notifications of food and feed hazards found in trade<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per European Commission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">WHO estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Illness and death from foodborne hazards by region<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">World Bank Logistics Performance Index<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Comparative performance of trade logistics by country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National food safety authorities and reserve agencies<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Inspection results, recalls and stock records<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per agency<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Food Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Food safety authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which hazards and products need sampling, border checks or recall readiness<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Notification trends, laboratory exceedances and the trade routes of affected products<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Agriculture and trade ministries, and reserve agencies<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">How large strategic stocks should be, where to hold them and when to release them<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Stock levels against consumption, import lead times and shock scenarios<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Cold-chain operators and logistics firms<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Where backup power, insulation or redundancy is needed to keep product within specification<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Temperature excursion records against outage and heat exposure<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Development finance institutions<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which storage and cold-chain investments reduce loss where it is largest<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Loss estimates by stage and commodity, with their method and uncertainty<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Loss and waste hotspot maps by commodity and stage<\/li><li>Cold-chain dependency maps linking storage and transport to power supply<\/li><li>Food safety hazard traces along trade routes<\/li><li>Storage and reserve siting scenarios<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A harvest is only food security once it reaches people safely. Losses after harvest can be large for perishable produce and in places with limited storage, and a broken cold chain can turn a supply of food into a public health hazard. The resilience of this middle part of the chain is often less studied than production or consumption, which makes it a frequent hidden weakness.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Where along the chain is food lost or wasted, and why?<\/li><li>How dependent are cold chains on grid power, fuel and refrigerant supply, and how long can they hold temperature in an outage?<\/li><li>Which storage options suit smallholders, and what limits their use?<\/li><li>How do temperature failures translate into microbial growth and food safety incidents?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Drivers and processes.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Losses come from biology, infrastructure and organization together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6 18h8\"\/><path d=\"M3 22h18\"\/><path d=\"M14 22a7 7 0 1 0 0-14h-1\"\/><path d=\"M9 14h2\"\/><path d=\"M9 12a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6h6v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 6V3a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biology<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Spoilage and pests<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Moisture, heat and time drive mould, rot and insect damage. Some moulds produce toxins that make grain unsafe even when it looks sound.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4.9 16.1C1 12.2 1 5.8 4.9 1.9\"\/><path d=\"M7.8 4.7a6.14 6.14 0 0 0-.8 7.5\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"9\" r=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M16.2 4.8c2 2 2.26 5.11.8 7.47\"\/><path d=\"M19.1 1.9a9.96 9.96 0 0 1 0 14.1\"\/><path d=\"M9.5 18h5\"\/><path d=\"m8 22 4-11 4 11\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Infrastructure<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Power and logistics<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Refrigeration needs continuous power; transport needs roads, ports and fuel. A grid failure can spoil perishable stocks within hours to days.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M7 11v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"13\" y=\"13\" rx=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Organization<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Handling and coordination<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Delays at markets and borders, poor packaging and weak handling practices add loss at every step.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the evidence is built, and its limits.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Loss studies<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Measure losses at stages of the chain. Methods differ, so estimates are hard to compare across studies.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Temperature monitoring<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Sensors record cold chain performance; data are often held privately by operators.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Food safety surveillance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Outbreak and contamination data show consequences, but under-reporting is common.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Network models<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Logistics and facility location models built with <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/optimization\/\">optimization and operations research<\/a> assess capacity and redundancy, within the limits of their input data.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/environmental-engineering\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Water and environmental engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Irrigation and drainage design \u00b7 Safe wastewater reuse in agriculture<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/engineering\/environmental-engineering\/\" aria-label=\"Water and environmental engineering: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/optimization\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Optimization and operations research<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Humanitarian supply and prepositioning \u00b7 Strategic reserve design<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/optimization\/\" aria-label=\"Optimization and operations research: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/agricultural-science\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Agricultural, soil and food science<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Crop simulation for seasonal yield risk \u00b7 Yield gap and nutrient limitation analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/agricultural-science\/\" aria-label=\"Agricultural, soil and food science: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/biotechnology\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Biotechnology platforms<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Breeding for stress tolerance \u00b7 Rapid diagnostics for pests and disease<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/biotechnology\/\" aria-label=\"Biotechnology platforms: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/forecasting\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Forecasting and time-series analysis<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Seasonal production outlooks \u00b7 Staple price forecasting \u00b7 Anticipatory action triggers<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/forecasting\/\" aria-label=\"Forecasting and time-series analysis: canonical page on the STEM Commons\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Food loss measurement is costly, and many national figures are modelled from a few surveys. Waste data are sparse outside high-income countries. Cold-chain inventories are incomplete and rarely show where equipment is idle or failing. Rapid alert notifications reflect where controls look, not only where hazards are, and foodborne disease is heavily underreported. Refrigeration carries its own climate cost through energy use and refrigerant leakage, which the Kigali Amendment governs.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-14-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/transport-and-logistics-nodes\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Related topic<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Transport and logistics nodes<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Food continuity links to transport-node dependencies with source-specific spatial conditions.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-15-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is the difference between food loss and food waste?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Loss occurs from harvest up to, but not including, retail. Waste occurs at retail, in food service and in households. The two are tracked by separate indicators under SDG target 12.3.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does refrigeration raise climate concerns?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Cold chains use energy, and many refrigerants are potent greenhouse gases. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol phases down hydrofluorocarbons, so cold-chain expansion and refrigerant choice are planned together.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How are aflatoxins controlled?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">By timely harvest, thorough drying, clean storage and testing against maximum levels set in Codex and national standards. Biological control products are also used in some regions.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Food Nexus inspect food safety?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Inspection and enforcement belong to food safety authorities. The platform studies how failures arise and spread.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does the platform link cold chains to the power grid?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because refrigeration depends on continuous electricity. Grid failures are one of the most common causes of cold chain breaks.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are medicines included?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Medicines that share cold chains with food are considered where they share infrastructure, but health supply chains are not the platform's focus.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which investments reduce post-harvest loss most?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">It depends on the crop, climate and market. Drying and hermetic storage often matter most for grains, while cooling and faster handling matter most for perishables. Evidence from comparable settings should guide each choice.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-rel-16\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-rel-16\" class=\"nx-h3 nx-mt-2\">Around Food Nexus.<\/h2><nav class=\"nx-related nx-mt-3\" aria-label=\"Related\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/agricultural-production\/\">Agricultural production <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/food-security-and-access\/\">Food security and access <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/soil-and-land\/\">Soil and land <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/food-water-energy\/\">Food, water and energy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/agritech-and-innovation\/\">Agritech and innovation <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/food-trade-and-markets\/\">Food trade and markets <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/\">Food Nexus home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/counterparts\/\">Counterparts across the Consortium <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/\">The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation home <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/trust\/\">GCRI governance and trust <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-17\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Food Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring your expertise to this field.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"mailto:contact@therisk.global?subject=Food%20Nexus%3A%20Storage%20and%20cold%20chain\">Write to the team <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/contact\/\">See all contact routes<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between food loss and food waste?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Loss occurs from harvest up to, but not including, retail. 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