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auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-npg1ni7i.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"gcri\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> \u00b7 Food Nexus<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Storage and cold chain<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">Between harvest and plate, food is dried, stored, cooled, processed, packed and moved. Each step can lose food to spoilage, pests and damage, and each can introduce hazards that make food unsafe. Perishable foods such as fruit, vegetables, dairy, meat and fish depend on an unbroken cold chain, which in turn depends on electricity and refrigerants. This page sets out where losses and safety failures arise, how they are measured, and who acts on the evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"food\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Canvas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the work runs.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"dag\"><div class=\"nx-hero-canvas\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Systems<\/strong> \u00b7 around this subject<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Illustrative<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><figure class=\"nx-fk nx-cx\" data-fk=\"cx-food-cold-chain\" data-cx=\"food.cold-chain\" data-variant=\"section\" aria-label=\"Storage and cold chain: illustrative console with example names and values\"><div class=\"nx-fk-head\"><div class=\"nx-fk-heading\"><h3 class=\"nx-fk-title\">Storage and cold chain<\/h3><p class=\"nx-fk-sub\">Storage and cold chain \u00b7 Supply corridor 2 \u00b7 Week 31<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-fk-btn\" data-fk-act=\"menu\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"false\" hidden><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 4v11\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><path d=\"M5 20h14\"\/><\/svg>Export<\/button><ul class=\"nx-fk-menu\" data-fk-menu=\"true\" hidden><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-png\">Image<small>PNG of the map or chart<\/small><\/button><\/li><li><button type=\"button\" data-fk-act=\"export-csv\">Data<small>CSV of the figure&#8217;s values<\/small><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><ul class=\"nx-fk-kpis\" data-n=\"4\"><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Sites reporting<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k0\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">21<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">of 24<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Normal<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k0\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,10.1L10.2,11.7L18.4,14.9L26.5,17.7L34.7,21.7L42.9,23L51.1,17.6L59.3,11.7L67.5,8.7L75.6,7.3L83.8,3L92,5.4L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,10.1L10.2,11.7L18.4,14.9L26.5,17.7L34.7,21.7L42.9,23L51.1,17.6L59.3,11.7L67.5,8.7L75.6,7.3L83.8,3L92,5.4\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"5.4\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Excursions this week<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k1\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">7<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k1\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,19.2L10.2,17.4L18.4,23L26.5,21L34.7,17.7L42.9,15.5L51.1,14.8L59.3,10.4L67.5,8.8L75.6,3.7L83.8,3L92,16L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,19.2L10.2,17.4L18.4,23L26.5,21L34.7,17.7L42.9,15.5L51.1,14.8L59.3,10.4L67.5,8.8L75.6,3.7L83.8,3L92,16\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"16\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Estimated post-harvest loss<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k2\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">7<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">pct of throughput<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Watch<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k2\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,14L10.2,12.6L18.4,14.8L26.5,23L34.7,14L42.9,17.8L51.1,12.6L59.3,11.4L67.5,3.6L75.6,4L83.8,6.9L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,14L10.2,12.6L18.4,14.8L26.5,23L34.7,14L42.9,17.8L51.1,12.6L59.3,11.4L67.5,3.6L75.6,4L83.8,6.9L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><li class=\"nx-fk-kpi\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-l\">Days of stock in reserve<\/span><div class=\"nx-fk-kpi-line\" data-fk-view=\"kpi:k3\"><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-v\" data-k=\"kv\" data-tn=\"true\">38<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-kpi-u\">days<\/span><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Normal<\/span><\/div><div data-fk-view=\"spark:k3\"><svg class=\"nx-fk-spark\" viewBox=\"0 0 96 26\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path data-m=\"sarea\" data-k=\"sa\" d=\"M2,17.2L10.2,23L18.4,23L26.5,15.9L34.7,9.9L42.9,15.1L51.1,17.4L59.3,10.9L67.5,10.1L75.6,9L83.8,4.8L92,3L92,26L2,26Z\"\/><path data-m=\"sline\" data-k=\"sl\" d=\"M2,17.2L10.2,23L18.4,23L26.5,15.9L34.7,9.9L42.9,15.1L51.1,17.4L59.3,10.9L67.5,10.1L75.6,9L83.8,4.8L92,3\"\/><circle data-m=\"sdot\" data-k=\"sd\" cx=\"92\" cy=\"3\" r=\"2.4\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-cx-status\"><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"near\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Two sites above temperature band<\/span><span class=\"nx-cx-prod\">GCRI \u00b7 Food Nexus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-cx-grid\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"chart\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Store temperature<\/h4><\/div><\/div><svg class=\"nx-fk-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 460 210\" width=\"460\" height=\"210\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Store temperature\" focusable=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" data-fk-chart=\"cx-food-cold-chain-c1\" data-fk-xs=\"lin,0,23,36,446\" data-fk-ys=\"lin,0,100,180,20\" data-fk-series=\"Measured|ink|l||0:43.8;1:40.7;2:43.8;3:44.5;4:48;5:50;6:45.3;7:41.3;8:44.4;9:43.1;10:37.9;11:37;12:32.8;13:27.9;14:30.4;15:33;16:33;17:37.4;18:37.8;19:38.2;20:40.8;21:45.2;22:44.9;23:44.8\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-panel nx-cx-p\" data-w=\"3\" data-t=\"table\"><div class=\"nx-fk-panel-head\"><div><h4 class=\"nx-fk-panel-title\">Stores<\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tablewrap\" data-fk-view=\"table:cx-food-cold-chain-t2\"><table class=\"nx-fk-table\" data-fk-table=\"cx-food-cold-chain-t2\" aria-label=\"Stores\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c0\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c0\">Store<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c1\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c1\">Fill (%)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c2\" data-num=\"true\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c2\">Temp (\u00b0C)<\/button><\/th><th scope=\"col\" data-col=\"c3\" aria-sort=\"none\"><button type=\"button\" data-fk-sort=\"c3\">State<\/button><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-0\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>CS-01<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"67\">67<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"4\">4<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>In band<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-1\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-current=\"true\" data-cur=\"true\"><td>CS-04<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"62\">62<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"8\">8<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"not\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Excursion<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-2\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>WH-02<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"79\">79<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"19\">19<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>Ambient<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr data-fk-key=\"cx-food-cold-chain:r2-3\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"row\" aria-selected=\"false\"><td>CS-07<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"23\">23<\/td><td data-num=\"true\" data-sv=\"7\">7<\/td><td><span class=\"nx-fk-pill\" data-state=\"met\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>In band<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-fk-tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\" hidden><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-fk-cap\"><span>Storage and cold chain: the screen&#8217;s structure, terms and states for Storage and cold chain.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Example names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig.<\/strong><span>Storage and cold chain: example names and illustrative values, not a record or a live system.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"supply\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Storage and cold chain: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Refrigeration, logistics and food safety. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2.97 12.92A2 2 0 0 0 2 14.63v3.24a2 2 0 0 0 .97 1.71l3 1.8a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0L12 19v-5.5l-5-3-4.03 2.42Z\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5-4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"m7 16.5 5-3\"\/><path d=\"M7 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V19l3.97 2.38a2 2 0 0 0 2.06 0l3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0 .97-1.71v-3.24a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71L17 10.5l-5 3Z\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5-5-3\"\/><path d=\"m17 16.5 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M17 16.5v5.17\"\/><path d=\"M7.97 4.42A2 2 0 0 0 7 6.13v4.37l5 3 5-3V6.13a2 2 0 0 0-.97-1.71l-3-1.8a2 2 0 0 0-2.06 0l-3 1.8Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 8 7.26 5.15\"\/><path d=\"m12 8 4.74-2.85\"\/><path d=\"M12 13.5V8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Losses differ by stage and setting<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Where drying, storage and transport are weak, losses concentrate on the farm and in storage, from moulds, pests and damage. Where they are strong, waste concentrates in retail and households. Each stage needs different measures.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4 14a1 1 0 0 1-.78-1.63l9.9-10.2a.5.5 0 0 1 .86.46l-1.92 6.02A1 1 0 0 0 13 10h7a1 1 0 0 1 .78 1.63l-9.9 10.2a.5.5 0 0 1-.86-.46l1.92-6.02A1 1 0 0 0 11 14z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Cold chains depend on power<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Refrigeration needs continuous electricity or fuel. Outages, heatwaves beyond equipment design and gaps at transfer points let temperatures rise, and quality and safety degrade within hours.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 13c0 5-3.5 7.5-7.66 8.95a1 1 0 0 1-.67-.01C7.5 20.5 4 18 4 13V6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1c2 0 4.5-1.2 6.24-2.72a1.17 1.17 0 0 1 1.52 0C14.51 3.81 17 5 19 5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1z\"\/><path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Contamination travels with the product<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mycotoxins from poorly dried grain, pathogens from broken temperature control and chemical residues move with food through trade. One contaminated lot can reach many countries before it is traced.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83Z\"\/><path d=\"m22 17.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 17.65\"\/><path d=\"m22 12.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 12.65\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Storage capacity sets the buffer<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Public and private stocks smooth supply between harvests and through shocks. Stocks that are too small, poorly managed or in the wrong place leave a country exposed when imports or harvests fail.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Growing conditions in the Black Sea region.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Crop greenness, root-zone soil moisture and daytime surface heat over the Black Sea region, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-cmap-field\" data-nx-map=\"ctx-field\" data-cmap=\"black-sea:food\" data-ml-feeds=\"eonet|https:\/\/eonet.gsfc.nasa.gov\/api\/v3\/events\" data-ml-src=\"food\" data-ml-plan=\"p-4c2d9aa4\" data-ml-view=\"3d\" data-ml-ctx=\"theme:food\" data-ml-list=\"gibs.food.ndvi gibs.water.rzsm gibs.health.lstd gibs.water.true gibs.food.cover gibs.food.gpp ev.eonet r.dist r.hls r.smap r.dswxs1 f.power r.labels f.ens\" data-ml-tools=\"inspect measure compare aoi export\"><div class=\"nx-wm\" data-nx-water=\"ctx-food\" data-wm-domain=\"ctx-food\" data-wm-tiles=\"on\" data-wm-flat=\"on\" data-wm-focus=\"22,39,44,50\" data-ws-live=\"off\" data-claim=\"INTEGRATED\" data-wm-panel=\"closed\" data-wm-mode=\"2d\"><div class=\"nx-wm-stage\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"application\" aria-roledescription=\"interactive map\" aria-label=\"Growing conditions, the Black Sea region: satellite and model layers from NASA on a 3D terrain of ASTER GDEM elevation. Arrow keys move; with Shift they turn and tilt in 3D; plus and minus zoom, 0 resets; I inspects, question mark lists the keys.\" aria-describedby=\"nx-wm-help\"><canvas class=\"nx-wm-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/canvas><p class=\"nx-wm-noscript\">The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-presets\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Quick views\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ndvi||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Crop vigour<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"rzsm||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Drought signal<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"lstd||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Surface heat<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"true||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">True colour<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel\" id=\"nx-wm-panel\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Map layers\"><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-panel-title\">Layers <span class=\"nx-wm-count\">3<\/span><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-panel-close\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-label=\"Close the layer list\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-body\"><div class=\"nx-wm-group\"><p class=\"nx-wm-group-title\">Growing conditions, for this page<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"ndvi\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"20\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Greenness (NDVI)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite index; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Vegetation greenness (NDVI), rolling 8 days<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE MODIS Terra NDVI \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ndvi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"NDVI\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"ndvi\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.ndvi\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra NDVI (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite index; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-13<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite greenness index over the 8 days to the date shown; an indicator of crop and pasture condition, not a yield estimate or a food security warning.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"rzsm\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"21\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-short=\"Soil moisture, root zone\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA NSIDC DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Model with satellite data assimilated\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Root-zone soil moisture, 0 to 100 cm<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA NSIDC DAAC SMAP Level 4 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"rzsm\">11 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Modelled<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"rzsm\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.rzsm\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>SMAP Level 4 (NASA NSIDC DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA NSIDC DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Model with satellite data assimilated<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-11<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 2 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Model with satellite data assimilated. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"lstd\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"22\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.8\" data-wm-short=\"Land temperature, day\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite 8-day composite; persistent cloud still leaves gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"lstd\">14 Sep 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"\u00b0C\">Observed (persistent cloud still leaves gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"lstd\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.health.lstd\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (persistent cloud still leaves gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>8-day; Satellite 8-day composite; persistent cloud still leaves gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-09-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite skin temperature of the ground over the 8 days ending on the date shown, a heat exposure indicator; not air temperature, heat index or a heat warning.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"4\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.6\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite image\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">True colour<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"true\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.true\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite image<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"cover\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"24\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.7\" data-wm-short=\"Land cover\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Land cover type (IGBP), yearly<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"class\">Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"cover\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.cover\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>yearly; Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2024-01-01<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite land cover classes for the year shown, including croplands; a classification with known errors, not a farm register.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"gpp\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"25\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-time=\"latest\" data-wm-op=\"0.85\" data-wm-short=\"Plant growth (GPP)\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LP DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite-driven model; latest 8-day period GIBS publishes\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Gross primary production, 8-day total<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LP DAAC MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"gpp\">30 Sep 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"kgC\/m\u00b2\">Modelled (latest 8-day period GIBS publishes)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"gpp\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.food.gpp\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled (latest 8-day period GIBS publishes)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17) (NASA LP DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LP DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>8-day; Satellite-driven model; latest 8-day period GIBS publishes<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-09-30<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Model estimate of carbon taken up by plants over the 8-day period shown; an indicator of growth, not harvest or production.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-rail\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\" aria-label=\"Map controls\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-open\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-panel\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Layers\" title=\"Layers\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2.5l-6.5 3.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5zm-6.5 6.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5m-13 2.8 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"tools\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Expert tools\" title=\"Expert tools\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3 4.5l10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-7.5-8.5 0 3m5 .5 0 3m-3.5.5 0 3\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-sep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"in\" aria-label=\"Zoom in\" title=\"Zoom in\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 3v10M3 8h10\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"out\" aria-label=\"Zoom out\" title=\"Zoom out\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3 8h10\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"reset\" aria-label=\"Reset the view\" title=\"Reset the view\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.2 8a4.8 4.8 0 1 0 1.5-3.5M3.2 2.6v2.6h2.6\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"full\" aria-label=\"Full screen\" title=\"Full screen\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M2.5 6l0-3.5 3.5 0m7.5 3.5 0-3.5-3.5 0m-7.5 7.5 0 3.5 3.5 0m7.5-3.5 0 3.5-3.5 0\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-menu\" id=\"nx-wm-menu\" role=\"menu\" aria-label=\"Expert tools\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"inspect\">Inspect a point<kbd>I<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"measure\">Measure distance<kbd>M<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"compare\">Compare two dates<kbd>C<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"share\">Copy a link to this view<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"png\">Export as PNG with credits<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"xt\" data-wm-xt=\"NxAjSJ6JoGGZsXu22d+kvA4nR9AJ6Njy+\/Xy2FIyELw=\">More expert tools<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\">Keyboard shortcuts<kbd>?<\/kbd><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-keys\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Keyboard shortcuts\" hidden><p class=\"nx-wm-keys-title\">Keyboard, with the map focused<\/p><dl class=\"nx-wm-keys-list\"><\/dl><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-keys-close\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\" aria-label=\"Close the shortcuts\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-hint\" hidden>Hold Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll to zoom<\/p><p class=\"nx-wm-toolbar\" role=\"status\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-tip\" role=\"tooltip\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin\" hidden><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-pin-title\"><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"unpin\" aria-label=\"Close the card\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-chart\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-body\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-dock\"><div class=\"nx-wm-time\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Imagery date\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"prev\" aria-label=\"One day earlier\">\u2039<\/button><p class=\"nx-wm-time-label\">Latest available<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"next\" aria-label=\"One day later\">\u203a<\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-track\" role=\"slider\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Imagery date, up to 30 days back\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"30\" aria-valuenow=\"30\" aria-valuetext=\"Latest available\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-latest\" data-wm-step=\"latest\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Latest<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-chips\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Legends\"><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-attrib\">NASA GIBS \/ EOSDIS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) \u00b7 Blue Marble (NASA) \u00b7 \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) \u00b7 Natural Earth<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-legends\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-container nx-wm-below\"><p class=\"nx-wm-status\" role=\"status\">Loading the latest NASA imagery.<\/p><p id=\"nx-wm-help\" class=\"nx-wm-help\">Drag to move. Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.<\/p><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Growing conditions, framed on the Black Sea region.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nx-wm-credits\"><summary><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-line\">Data: NASA GIBS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM \u00b7 Blue Marble \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors<\/a> \u00b7 Natural Earth \u00b7 NASA EONET \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-more\">Sources and licences<\/span><\/summary><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.field-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.water-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.modis-viirs.land\">MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.smap.l4\">SMAP Level 4 soil moisture and snow mass, NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office; distributed by the NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.viirs-water\">VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3\">ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA\/METI\/AIST\/Japan Spacesystems and U.S.\/Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"naturalearth.all-scales\">Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/about\/terms-of-use\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Public domain<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.reference-osm\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">ODbL<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.earth-observatory.blue-marble\">Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li>Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.<\/li><li><\/li><li>Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.<\/li><li>Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>River discharge forecast, 30 days with range (GloFAS via Open-Meteo): Contains modified Copernicus Emergency Management Service information 2026; not a flood warning.<\/li><li>Past year, daily temperature (ERA5 via Open-Meteo): Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.<\/li><li>Past year, daily temperature and sunshine (NASA POWER): These data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science\/Applied Science Program..<\/li><li>Weather data by Open-Meteo.com (https:\/\/open-meteo.com\/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/).<\/li><li>Optional layers (13 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><strong>Layers and dates<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li>Vegetation greenness (NDVI), rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra NDVI, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ndvi\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Root-zone soil moisture, 0 to 100 cm: SMAP Level 4, NASA NSIDC DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"rzsm\">11 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite: VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"lstd\">14 Sep 2026<\/span><\/li><li>True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"cover\">2024<\/span><\/li><li>Gross primary production, 8-day total: MODIS Aqua GPP (MYD17), NASA LP DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"gpp\">30 Sep 2026<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/details><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Food Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-1\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-label=\"Couplings, Twin and cascade simulator, Reports, standards and contributions, Methods and evidence\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Couplings, Twin and cascade simulator, Reports, standards and contributions, Methods and evidence\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-couplings\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Couplings<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-twin\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-standards\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-audience\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Methods and evidence<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-couplings\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"food\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Couplings<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Storage and cold chains depend on power, heat and safe water.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th>Domain<\/th><th>How it couples here<\/th><th>What to watch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Energy<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Refrigeration stops when the grid fails, and heat raises cooling load. See <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/energy-nexus\/topics\/heat-and-cooling\/\">heat and cooling<\/a>.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Hours of cold storage autonomy without grid power<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Health<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Temperature abuse causes food-borne illness; vaccines share the same cold chains in many places. See <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/health-nexus\/topics\/health-supply-chains\/\">health supply chains<\/a>.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Food-borne outbreak reports; temperature excursions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Water<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Washing, processing and ice production need safe water.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Water quality at processing sites<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Biodiversity<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Losses upstream mean more land and water used for the same food reaching people.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Food loss by stage<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-p\">SDG target 12.3 separates food loss (from harvest up to retail, measured by FAO&#8217;s Food Loss Index) from food waste (at retail and consumption, measured by UNEP&#8217;s Food Waste Index, latest report 2024). The UNEP and FAO report on sustainable food cold chains (2022) sets out the energy and refrigerant trade-offs.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-twin\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"supply\" data-span=\"wide\" data-ns-layout=\"twin\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Model storage and cold chain as a system. Run the cascade.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Assembled from the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> area profile <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/food-security-and-nutrition-risk\/\">Food security and nutrition risk<\/a>: the hazards it names, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/system-builder\/\">System Builder<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin\" data-ns-data=\"nx-twin-es-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-G02\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards registry and area profiles; Nexus Hazard Standard NHS-1 1.1.0\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin-static\"><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\">Famine<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.mass-displacement\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Large numbers of people forced to leave their homes by conflict, disaster or collapse, straining host areas and services.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\">Mass displacement<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h61\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.cascade.health-system-overload\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Cascading failure\" data-td=\"Demand for care exceeding capacity, from a surge of cases or injuries or from loss of staff and supplies, so that avoidable deaths rise.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H61\" data-tr=\"draft\">Health-system overload<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Chronic malnutrition (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Acute malnutrition surge (set off downstream)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systems and couplings<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/food-security-and-nutrition-risk\/\">Food security and nutrition risk<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/food-risk-standards\/\">Food and agriculture risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Mechanism<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/society\/conflict-and-security-risk-standards\/\">Conflict and security risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Cascade<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/early-warning\/early-warning-and-anticipatory-action\/\">Early warning and anticipatory action<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Mechanism<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/health\/health-risk-standards\/\">Health risk standards<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Cascade<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><code>NS-0<\/code> Constitution and principles<\/li><li><code>NS-3<\/code> Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/li><li><code>NS-9<\/code> Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/li><li><code>NS-10<\/code> Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)<\/li><li><code>NS-11<\/code> Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H57<\/code> Hazard family: Humanitarian crises (NHS-1 soc.humanitarian)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H61<\/code> Hazard family: Cascading failure (NHS-1 sys.cascade)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H81<\/code> Hazard family: Malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency (NHS-1 health.nutrition)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H59<\/code> Hazard family: Economic shocks and governance failure (NHS-1 soc.economic)<\/li><li><code>NRS-N3<\/code> Food and agriculture risk and resilience<\/li><li><code>NRS-N7<\/code> Water-energy-food-health-biodiversity-infrastructure nexus coupling<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Observation<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>IPC acute food insecurity analyses (listed for reference)<\/li><li>FEWS NET outlooks and data (listed for reference)<\/li><li>FAO GIEWS Food Price Monitoring and Analysis tool (listed for reference)<\/li><li>CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Prevalence of undernourishment<\/li><li>Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity<\/li><li>Prevalence of stunting among children under 5 years of age<\/li><li>Prevalence of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Example geography<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>The Ganges and Brahmaputra Basin: 178 hexagonal cells<\/li><li>Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-standards\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Cold chain evidence and how operators can add to it.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Cold chain resilience studies are designed for the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/series\/global-sector\/\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience series<\/a>. Food safety rules are set by national authorities under Codex principles; the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) sets none. Useful contributions: outage and temperature logs from cold stores, loss measurements by stage, and lessons from off-grid cooling.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and evidence<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How storage and cold chain is modelled, measured and tested.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The model, its assumptions, its data and its uncertainty, in the form a scientist or engineer would check. Structures follow published methods. The values drawn are illustrative, not findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"science\" data-au-n=\"1\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"system-model\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">System model<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">The couplings between the systems in storage and cold chain: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.<\/p><div class=\"nx-au-fig\"><svg class=\"nx-au-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 560 250\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Causal loop diagram of Food, Trade, Climate, Communities, Economy\" focusable=\"false\"><line class=\"nx-au-ac\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"32\" x2=\"398.6\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"339.3\" y=\"57.71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ax\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"32\" x2=\"206.7\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"398.6\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"353.3\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"375.95\" y=\"135.5\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ax\" x1=\"398.6\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"161.4\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"353.3\" y1=\"187.58\" x2=\"206.7\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"280\" y=\"183.58\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u2212<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"206.7\" y1=\"187.58\" x2=\"161.4\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"184.05\" y=\"135.5\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"161.4\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"280\" y2=\"32\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"220.7\" y=\"57.71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"280.0\" cy=\"32.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"20\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Food<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"398.6\" cy=\"91.4\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"410.6\" y=\"95.42\" text-anchor=\"start\">Trade<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"353.3\" cy=\"187.6\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"365.3\" y=\"205.58\" text-anchor=\"start\">Climate<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"206.7\" cy=\"187.6\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"194.7\" y=\"205.58\" text-anchor=\"end\">Communities<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"161.4\" cy=\"91.4\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"149.4\" y=\"95.42\" text-anchor=\"end\">Economy<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"114\" text-anchor=\"middle\">R  reinforcing<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t\" x=\"280\" y=\"132\" text-anchor=\"middle\">B  balancing<\/text><\/svg><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Causal loop diagram from the page&#8217;s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">FAIR guiding principles \u00b7 GO FAIR and FORCE11<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">W3C PROV \u00b7 World Wide Web Consortium<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Guidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties \u00b7 IPCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">CEOS Analysis Ready Data \u00b7 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-2\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-label=\"Indicators, Sources, Decisions, Core questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Indicators, Sources, Decisions, Core questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-indicators\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Indicators<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-sources\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Sources<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-decisions\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Decisions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Core questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food loss index (SDG 12.3.1a)<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">index of loss percentage against a base period<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">National loss surveys and models<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food waste per capita (SDG 12.3.1b)<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">kilograms per person per year<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Household, retail and food service measurement<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h90\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.food-systems.grain-storage-loss\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Food system infrastructure failure\" data-td=\"Loss of stored grain and staple food to pests, moisture, mould, collapse or destruction of silos and stores, reducing reserves and food safety.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H90\" data-tr=\"draft\">Post-harvest loss<\/a> by crop and stage<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of harvested quantity<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">seasonal<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Loss assessment surveys<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">ESTIMATED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Refrigerated storage capacity<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">cubic metres<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">annual<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Industry and government inventories<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">REPORTED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Temperature excursions in storage and transport<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">hours outside the specified range<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">continuous<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Data loggers<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Food safety notifications<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">count by hazard and product<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">weekly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Rapid alert <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h30\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 poll.contamination.mycotoxin\" data-tk=\"Pollution and hazardous substances \u00b7 Contaminated water, soil and food\" data-td=\"Fungal toxins growing on crops in the field or in storage and poisoning the people and livestock that eat them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H30\" data-tr=\"draft\">Aflatoxin<\/a> exceedance in sampled grain<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of samples above the applicable limit<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per survey<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Laboratory testing<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Public grain stock level<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">months of consumption<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Reserve agency records<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">FAO Food Loss and Waste Database<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Loss and waste estimates by commodity, stage and country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">UNEP Food Waste Index reports<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Household, retail and food service waste estimates and the measurement method<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">African Postharvest Losses Information System (APHLIS)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Cereal <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h90\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.food-systems.grain-storage-loss\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Food system infrastructure failure\" data-td=\"Loss of stored grain and staple food to pests, moisture, mould, collapse or destruction of silos and stores, reducing reserves and food safety.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H90\" data-tr=\"draft\">post-harvest loss<\/a> estimates by country and province<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Notifications of food and feed hazards found in trade<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per European Commission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">WHO estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Illness and death from foodborne hazards by region<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">World Bank Logistics Performance Index<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Comparative performance of trade logistics by country<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National food safety authorities and reserve agencies<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Inspection results, recalls and stock records<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per agency<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G02\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"food\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Food Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"ledger\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Food safety authorities<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which hazards and products need sampling, border checks or recall readiness<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Notification trends, laboratory exceedances and the trade routes of affected products<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Agriculture and trade ministries, and reserve agencies<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">How large strategic stocks should be, where to hold them and when to release them<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Stock levels against consumption, import lead times and shock scenarios<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Cold-chain operators and logistics firms<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Where backup power, insulation or redundancy is needed to keep product within specification<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Temperature excursion records against outage and heat exposure<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Development finance institutions<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Which storage and cold-chain investments reduce loss where it is largest<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Loss estimates by stage and commodity, with their method and uncertainty<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Loss and waste hotspot maps by commodity and stage<\/li><li>Cold-chain dependency maps linking storage and transport to power supply<\/li><li>Food safety hazard traces along trade routes<\/li><li>Storage and reserve siting scenarios<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What experts ask.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A harvest is only food security once it reaches people safely. Losses after harvest can be large for perishable produce and in places with limited storage, and a broken cold chain can turn a supply of food into a public health hazard. The resilience of this middle part of the chain is often less studied than production or consumption, which makes it a frequent hidden weakness.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Where along the chain is food lost or wasted, and why?<\/li><li>How dependent are cold chains on grid power, fuel and refrigerant supply, and how long can they hold temperature in an outage?<\/li><li>Which storage options suit smallholders, and what limits their use?<\/li><li>How do temperature failures translate into microbial growth and food safety incidents?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-3\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-label=\"Mechanisms, Methods and data, Methods, Sources\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Mechanisms, Methods and data, Methods, Sources\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Mechanisms<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Methods and data<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Methods<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Sources<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Drivers and processes.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Losses come from biology, infrastructure and organisation together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6 18h8\"\/><path d=\"M3 22h18\"\/><path d=\"M14 22a7 7 0 1 0 0-14h-1\"\/><path d=\"M9 14h2\"\/><path d=\"M9 12a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V6h6v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 6V3a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H9a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v3\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Biology<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Spoilage and pests<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Moisture, heat and time drive mould, rot and insect damage. Some moulds produce toxins that make grain unsafe even when it looks sound.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M4.9 16.1C1 12.2 1 5.8 4.9 1.9\"\/><path d=\"M7.8 4.7a6.14 6.14 0 0 0-.8 7.5\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"9\" r=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M16.2 4.8c2 2 2.26 5.11.8 7.47\"\/><path d=\"M19.1 1.9a9.96 9.96 0 0 1 0 14.1\"\/><path d=\"M9.5 18h5\"\/><path d=\"m8 22 4-11 4 11\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Infrastructure<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Power and logistics<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Refrigeration needs continuous power; transport needs roads, ports and fuel. A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\">grid failure<\/a> can spoil perishable stocks within hours to days.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M7 11v4a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4\"\/><rect width=\"8\" height=\"8\" x=\"13\" y=\"13\" rx=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Organisation<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Handling and coordination<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Delays at markets and borders, poor packaging and weak handling practices add loss at every step.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"food\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How the evidence is built, and its limits.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Loss studies<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Measure losses at stages of the chain. Methods differ, so estimates are hard to compare across studies.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Temperature monitoring<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Sensors record cold chain performance; data are often held privately by operators.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Food safety surveillance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Outbreak and contamination data show consequences, but under-reporting is common.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Network models<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Logistics and facility location models built with <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/optimization\/\">optimisation and operations research<\/a> assess capacity and redundancy, within the limits of their input data.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/environmental-engineering\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Water and environmental engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Irrigation and drainage design \u00b7 Safe wastewater reuse in agriculture<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/engineering\/environmental-engineering\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Water and environmental engineering\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/optimization\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Optimisation and operations research<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Humanitarian supply and prepositioning \u00b7 Strategic reserve design<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/optimization\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Optimisation and operations research\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/agricultural-science\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Agricultural, soil and food science<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Crop simulation for seasonal yield risk \u00b7 Yield gap and nutrient limitation analysis<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/science\/agricultural-science\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Agricultural, soil and food science\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/biotechnology\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Biotechnology platforms<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Breeding for stress tolerance \u00b7 Rapid diagnostics for pests and disease<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/biotechnology\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Biotechnology platforms\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/stem\/forecasting\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Forecasting and time-series analysis<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Seasonal production outlooks \u00b7 Staple price forecasting \u00b7 Anticipatory action triggers<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/forecasting\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Forecasting and time-series analysis\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Food loss measurement is costly, and many national figures are modelled from a few surveys. Waste data are sparse outside high-income countries. Cold-chain inventories are incomplete and rarely show where equipment is idle or failing. Rapid alert notifications reflect where controls look, not only where hazards are, and foodborne disease is heavily underreported. Refrigeration carries its own climate cost through energy use and refrigerant leakage, which the Kigali Amendment governs.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-variant=\"stack\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Where this page&#8217;s references<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page&#8217;s references lead.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.fao.org\/\"><span>The State of Food and Agriculture 2019, Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction (FAO, 2019)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/publication\/food-waste-index-report-2024\"><span>Food Waste Index Report 2024 (UNEP, 2024)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/\"><span>Sustainable Food Cold Chains: opportunities, challenges and the way forward (UNEP and FAO, 2022)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/fao-who-codexalimentarius\/en\/\"><span>Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene, CXC 1-1969, revised 2020 (FAO and WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-4\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-label=\"Connected, Questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Connected, Questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-16-sec\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Connected<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-17-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-s-16-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"food\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/transport-and-logistics-nodes\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Related topic<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Transport and logistics nodes<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Food continuity links to transport-node dependencies with source-specific spatial conditions.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-17-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"supply\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-17\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-4-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">17<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is the difference between food loss and food waste?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Loss occurs from harvest up to, but not including, retail. Waste occurs at retail, in food service and in households. The two are tracked by separate indicators under SDG target 12.3.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does refrigeration raise climate concerns?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Cold chains use energy, and many refrigerants are potent greenhouse gases. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol phases down hydrofluorocarbons, so cold-chain expansion and refrigerant choice are planned together.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How are aflatoxins controlled?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">By timely harvest, thorough drying, clean storage and testing against maximum levels set in Codex and national standards. Biological control products are also used in some regions.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Food Nexus inspect food safety?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Inspection and enforcement belong to food safety authorities. The platform studies how failures arise and spread.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why does the platform link cold chains to the power grid?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Because refrigeration depends on continuous electricity. Grid failures are one of the most common causes of cold chain breaks.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are medicines included?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Medicines that share cold chains with food are considered where they share infrastructure, but health supply chains are not the platform&#8217;s focus.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which investments reduce post-harvest loss most?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">It depends on the crop, climate and market. Drying and hermetic storage often matter most for grains, while cooling and faster handling matter most for perishables. Evidence from comparable settings should guide each choice.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Food Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Evidence Brief<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See every way to contribute<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/food-nexus\/topics\/storage-and-cold-chain#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper--global-food-nexus-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper--global-food-nexus-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper--global-food-nexus-topics-storage-and-cold-chain-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/heatwave\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Heatwave<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/food-agriculture\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Food systems and agriculture<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/water-risk-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Water risk standards<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-18\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Food Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-18\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring a method, a dataset or a question.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Information and enquiries are open today. 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