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3f8CIwreJoKRwHHRNXfc3DNWM71mKy3t5exrop26P5rHHY0mUqm1lVsbKWnnDQTlzxbGV59ZITZ8usdKDHBDQ2iK9F6vfUB0grpmGa91nasCvrC6\/WM5U8ZNsoPOE9M9PzwMr016N2kvY8ZRIAMURhHkVJtB4N1b2Bpu5pnaPicwDWxQ6W04JQ8TcOCpylEWZXqobIrxvvIA0g+9sasM6amltxQL1HJloG6A0S61Ub664U1cqXwJeQqFLw6oWZiOVL1dQX6EzeKferZKHeDeaIhnycb4A2x0HQsQCeYK1i4SkVrsGZl5S4CmlJcX39kfiyGmG6vNsWrwsoV0aS2zbZITV5hLyeNQJXk6oO4qPcEy6krNhbUDDnmsRSf+mf26wvePVfpj1F0ydqrPjgZcyx0Air4vlAmKn3EciYw3pqRbDuy154olvl5p64Tw2oXgVZxmjxWvQwbHYLisLJtn3Z1erc4TLEyQPLFDlfa9IoRQIRBxn3s3hz5EO6cIdL7SnhflkOSfmtg+STpJ7mDuwBNOvFH7Df6mCEHQoizA88oPitjjNQx26tuy9\/RlhBtotD8wCEuvYFBJYNXo7yH586+EGrAtsMHdMjMBGTmW1EP0pYu4h5mVmEjzY+b7cqJzPrmvGFWDaTX7swykGP8f9RDvrZ1aGXbyap2g\/+XkUhOyp5NR3LVU4mA6OdFUZE6ZSjHSHUKJkuqSKXu88WBlUhpFe8CYDRj1THd3C+ZeiJ6hQOxp\/OneL0GSvZhWzbU0RwtIapaJ1YRNV\/GmKqhngj13dv7gFeP1PxQkVqBn5UzWhs3PVbGkFwJegEx8Bfs6CxjxC94FLxZBY4KzlU12fwmw21399wcOVPJSIycKQTrJU\/XCfyUGcdG4CPAUruHEUp2w69ttsTJZJAYgfLtyFdgGHF5pD8aFCTRTWXUZmkMLguEcAgpH7arz8FKV0g1IaIZaI\/acyeYUakBLvrOgNvJAwxRDhfCCL7lXrLflPb6K0n63wbWe7K3WK\/Nr1VH5ZtSiyuXoAU+brZ7e\/P1urL8yJlyNmguU0F8zQL+3neFy\/RDo7GR4edOQVB5aJgPhJB2DwlbVUf8BTvhRuAkWnEQuKSJrCXOfGZj0urGeVRODLMN+\/FzwuAUeMFgVju77pzMCSEL8AhbZDAGeD\/kvT6IXh8q4y7jhFuOkGXOe7zM04DE5QBNnrQCWEjzjPYv2EATI2+fCIGFDRjQMQ0949gA67xUpQ8so+YTG2SCeeV2Hvk08KQOXiGH9Xqb3y\/kF3JMRTmfZ\/EBdWKdV7i0S2SrsSSt7vJorlZjqXZ8rKVw2BOOfXgFisj+cvAjhqHsOMy4dM+9zJo8C0mMV7yxCoWl50\/zFFhcyOUlq82BUFhzBOcBTLkGZJGFJi8GVfaWAKwt\/OOu7adA0JO+V3Q78Em1BlFpolCCcb4J8wEKCxktWMjotqu7NJZIzx\/c5UWyMONWt6JKccy8QJWFCW0dEdHY06d+BlF1s1L46aa2+ragMONrMcujPxlN0HqdvTAgHrcq7HOrUz2SfZS1Wz1dsaPhVFR9p0ni+GEzGo3EuZzj2iwehbIq4UdaKVJn5fJUboUTRwsnjm\/Q5aB2\/HT7oBQXe76F9TaF\/Eqzmt3aTfLdSgiJezzXmLTDxrjrmNVRDyoC3BFFsqVIi9l7cqLVVUZKnkDPfNH\/2xv0\/\/Yse\/DPF7ha5wGB3kLJIceT5K6ulvBwFTWzVF8OLrThEzNRFmcb4X57IPCTig7h\/EmS+\/BaCAJiZfT+jGhOvNL1RmLXzJFXvG4ofkHZnovYO4b4R8FcPNgsOveX1INUFULY+ka+5bP6+63ZI+bf3urlBjfM3t7fHsYwUSvP7fFNc56AhiFslCj8vCQPMjwyszm1LfOhucQvIKasK1iZdpN\/jaOF2W5+s15C\/IfOXswasen88ytuzHm6zKM2ALUqVGkhz0CxOlcW1xTnNwJUpyAS5ClOInAW8cOxpLEPsZ+KXyxxXCp+cioqfk4pS3xXVHYhl\/ogew9pXES+xd6OQDNdNL2nzwg3Y3m4WVV2JC6P9+l2tFmmcc\/zJ0lhrluJRPw8DaRQWVQgBz5jQBAppMDd3FMtoXDIZRk2SWg6iQKvYx+81nIEfwAR5QM7mmaj\/8BFlHuaxbNNWf8D20oV\/B4qvtcrvucVp6z\/ng2emIimk\/bC3bxXMYxaoo8nUpAIbPGcyHWeqWR3+i+sgqRE6PIKOJwO1LPk1ug4m10ZTHyBBwSWoaBTyvWwOXaYAacPZT6S93oB0GDKjG\/C8+ijbtLGK\/XxquBh1LL09433tVn1uNvSx92fD17p6zWHgYJgApqlXConXFrZew9qI21ErYzcfSSt7sec3f+Y5T74CJtF2U3fgwzwcWADkKsInaT++YnQ69dl4S\/XmZlZH4p6Z31WWyZVE6X+6m8wUOX164Jk3kNfQxzv4QzlQHmfAeW9DhSoMYd6eVSqgGi23pA\/02rhxsErK5DeLydk20ugUUyceEyel8zxoFuIq83He6sO2w0JIbBWwWVHDkfYJTdH5CNE3RYqZVrMk97N0fbQ\/2kfKgxdrriZmwHDG11a0WijjLMHoYVbqXcG3WpyrWpKSo13TBz\/xTNUTIst1dGTodUL\/Kwc9A\/1dGmh4\/h+y2oPNCwv9BlhQZ\/xkCH4sP8tX7sKYbWYEXC91ssLzCcH\/pHPpjjkr3zIxS8Axa9Z91W5crkYyzREiDcLaVd5qFbBMTClZw5vU4cl\/lIXcL8DvfrOjh4yUvGd06ufqPlA+9+BwPEECLu4koqsYUNodsiO3mVkcMhk5rB3rD9kIneY\/CnuxXnO+EH3nSp6Nwszszo\/RJe3N5JZxxlr2m7lY\/oEY\/rEjk6zqX5i6qR+YeSU9j+xQdUQEsk\/cZ2yPssFtLhgR1+yWS6yFq8o+cL6C1YpCIumBOdyRXtX9GiWmWJkLd3BVWb1qFey7kihrMb6Gcb6mR19y2b\/mY\/VC81vtP9ZLcMjIygEd2WbTofUA5P8lGqqQzf3aahOMa\/GRJuTCLLSWVRnS8DbMMxZwlBBKyGsHw60e3nWa3iRWXErj4LgQKhkQCAfQSexwiXlnMf2PQV3XJ1VuC5hC79XCKscABZT+bgoZK3j1wBAigtrBDPiM2M\/mETdheCwZupC+x3Dc5IHrEwU0N6vjIh8tVoeWS1uzQATlijQC1kvZCr1eg9BU6iDAm7myf7qKaa5v8Ov4BUORMBlWLQp\/b2uZQbsOih16zgKCSqKa0vANUkAS+jX5de8DGee97hEagShlg1VsBEm94Dgc+qJuYhWOvyd+I0L9RzPK1TKy3X0Bupt+UM5UJF5sXIuqohFi3cGQLJWoa\/IBoALH0vjlPNv8jEK+OEuJ\/l1tSRUqipqTNVXvsR8x8tVhYNbOoa0cAwpHMBwSXceAukyz8vCgauzd0D5JovG44AamY5uR7INnmtjp4oRClSslVgo7jZZVvHwbV68HuWpxH2A+DpysiuPMscPOuJuL7bZZCn5fIUCEpnqnl+bmZ1\/SE8V3LIoccbco+SS0an5mCEQOMIysTpoj\/kpEGe0Jx7EthW\/RcZtPd216pNTtOqE+jr0Ja38rXBZ1x3\/dDuJFqFIZZQps\/d+Y3hVtjzL9O7C8rwL60uUtvABEyWWYbvBsLn1Uu5c8YYvoGXYsS\/3MjzLbwgXDKQqXQ\/kq0oiiA18BBf7NA4ciFbiEbgW8qdxlDCHSxmCpF3S2ttQ+IJzBo4minBOsntVMqh86l1m2cY\/FZw7P\/3omLqfsqXf+9Tb+4319i5pMZ85jPlfNXclTGgSGcdchSNNwqDGgastqhhUl4Z099emD6nIasskzpR3CUqKmjK0PBgA2L8YXv2LVd2tpV+jZW0Ff+kbtz4C7CSOqZM4oUuNaCSC0mJnDFFcMk64IioYtpU6Z4aOWrLo6Sv4lkfuPtkWP6bVTb1zkocfaIkf8uqWbvldRFpbMkQN9tG\/2NOHn4shn3q\/sZrtm23GT6V7VTMEQbLbPSZhWYz8k+282UPS2L0Sf1F3GEvog\/v1lt41p9HQD2ju3gv26xqxOmelEhL2wizzuQg8OGoftHpb7uq0mLBuBMpotJ31vCv8Yyv5ReB6m7DxQbMCPfGMsRVYogkMkV6aqy1c6gemjJJotA9F6ECmSK7JRpU3gjebP5+VAP1PVsiH\/yez2q9BBw7rpW8E2E1vE98b0+IGyd\/LyKPMmW7bGJJT1SafaJWbhyC2PfXD5kRX+etwZkrSSI6ZNfYuf+bHSDD4VZQ4zSgxRG5l95ptvoKD0kbcr\/SpN1FyWPGgKC3MJ+0Eia3w6b98Y4M46P0MPZSi5LSTBOaiWo6o+wwwhAoMiQBDqCjmTzvP809yOiNWryirzvzqCZOl4lfVlWh7I3C6LjC8BVpIanhh6\/cfG0HG13MSpd22IPZmNPE5JdS\/LOKm\/hGPGNE\/c45FiHBgNi5IXtme+Z1lu3W9Fg+iBLT2O8vKVfYrmaU4qei9QgSoG0Nl20BqQuY7PBNpqW3Fj5UBogldpb74zjlhJIFMQ\/xL96ddEvUJw907ap5IoeKv+qs3dksTZ6DYOGNHf2VahTNQbPzF+mdst0whi+ySKk62xIoyhryIUnYXxfUX+NXxmKXra7S2BMrhimW4SMa6h4hNRrXI7XlI9MuamXZ3UZfX6T6povnHIna8qR8OncQy4FwZx8Y\/81\/bT+KNmIdl9Pkp\/CcRzxDX63vZk7Y6u29IESK47ryv1EYCr4f6ZWq3px8vP9yhqi\/8jmOsTIiS6NfdihXmRJ4T8pzSi6YT7V4vfCsV3KDR5e1+pDros1WB1LD5ZUH37Bio6TyUvsTsWZGYFtV87YSIflulKrvlurI6Z1V+B51gdtg\/7dc9Hq9\/RF61esov9ZhmP48ODlvb\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\"><style>#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-gs-06-full.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">Global Development and Humanitarian Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Development and Humanitarian Action Worldwide.<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GS-06<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut DC-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-B0<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Global Development and Humanitarian Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Development and Humanitarian Action Worldwide. (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. Need is rising as support contracts<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Funding contraction, displacement surge and food price shock in a highly indebted fragile economy<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>11 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>The world enters 2027 with more <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 people-in-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The estimated number of people whose basic needs are not met because of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">people in need<\/a>, less money to meet the need and a thinner margin between a crisis and a catastrophe. OCHA counted 239 million people in urgent need of humanitarian assistance at the start of 2026 and 252 million by mid-year, with conflict the main driver<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. Funding moved the other way. Official development assistance from DAC members fell 23.1% in real terms in 2025 to USD 174.3 billion, the largest annual fall on record, and humanitarian funding reported to FTS fell from USD 37.1 billion in 2024 to USD 28.3 billion in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. Humanitarian partners reached 45.2 million of the 252 million people in need in the first five months of 2026, about one in six<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. Poverty and hunger are no longer falling fast: an estimated 826 million people live on less than USD 3.00 a day in 2026, 645 million were chronically undernourished in 2025 and 266 million faced acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>. Internal displacement fell for the first time in a decade, to 82.2 million people at the end of 2025 by the IDMC count, but many returns happened under unsafe conditions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Debt costs add a third pressure: developing countries paid close to USD 1 trillion in interest in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline sets out what the evidence supports and where it is thin. It ranks no country and recommends no policy.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the development and humanitarian baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">About 252 million by mid-2026, up from 239 million at the start of the year.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How many people need humanitarian help?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Reported humanitarian funding fell to USD 28.3 billion in 2025, and DAC aid fell 23.1% in real terms.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How much money is available?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">About one in six of those in need, January to May 2026.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How many are reached?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">82.2 million internally displaced by the IDMC count; UNHCR counts differ by method.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How many are displaced?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Chronic hunger edged down to 645 million; acute hunger affected 266 million.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is hunger falling?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Not on the current path: 826 million in 2026 and about 9% still poor in 2030.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is extreme poverty ending?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Close to USD 1 trillion of interest in 2025, more than health or education in much of Africa.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What does debt add?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A funding contraction that coincides with displacement and a food price shock. SCN-GS06-FND-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What will 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">In 2025, official development assistance from DAC members fell 23.1% in real terms to USD 174.3 billion, the largest annual fall on record.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-fig1-t\">DAC official development assistance, 2025 (USD billion)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">174.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Bilateral<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"72.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">126.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Multilateral<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"27.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">47.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Humanitarian assistance (bilateral)<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"8.9\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">15.5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: OECD preliminary 2025 data note<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup>. Humanitarian assistance is part of bilateral aid. Figures are preliminary.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">The fall was broad but concentrated: 26 of 34 members reduced aid, and the five largest providers made up 95.7% of the fall. The United States alone made up 75.1% of it, and Germany became the largest provider for the first time. UN SDG reporting shows aid grants for poverty reduction were already back at 2015 levels in 2024, and net aid for basic health fell 12.4% that year<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">252<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>in urgent need, mid-2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">174.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>DAC aid, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">1 in 6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">people<\/span><p>in need reached, January to May 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">826<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>below USD 3.00 a day, 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">266<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>in acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22481<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD trillion<\/span><p>interest on public debt, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports reading development and humanitarian action as the human-outcome layer of the WEFH+B system.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people this is a ration cut, a clinic closure or a school that cannot open.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Aid has contracted, interest costs are near USD 1 trillion and remittances now exceed aid several times over.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Development and humanitarian action is well counted at the level of need, displacement and hunger and thinly counted at the level of attacks, casualties and local delivery.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the 2026 state of development and humanitarian action worldwide and the couplings through which it carries risk into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. It synthesises published evidence and ranks no country, company or asset.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a ranking of countries or crises, a funding recommendation, a forecast of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> or displacement, or an assessment of any agency, donor, programme or government. Humanitarian decisions, aid allocation and development policy rest with affected states, donors, agencies and communities.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>National, regional and sector evidence feeds the 2027 development and humanitarian edition through the federation. Each edition reports what changed against this baseline: observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Need is rising as support contracts<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It ranks no country or operator and assesses no authority.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>13 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is development and humanitarian risk concentrated?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry development and humanitarian shocks into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which development and humanitarian capabilities hold under compound stress?<\/li><li>What must 2027 evidence measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Five coupling chapters<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Development and humanitarian action is usually reported as appeals, flows and caseloads. The 2026 evidence reads it as the place where every other system\u2019s failure becomes a human cost: hunger, disease, displacement and debt arrive in the same households<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Need rose through the first half of 2026. OCHA counted 239 million people in urgent need at launch and 252 million at mid-year, and it names conflict as the main driver, with climate shocks and health emergencies close behind<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. In 2025, three out of four civilian conflict deaths occurred in countries that have a humanitarian plan or appeal<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Money moved the other way. DAC aid fell 23.1% in real terms in 2025, and humanitarian assistance from DAC members fell 35.8%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup>. Reported humanitarian funding fell about 24% in a year<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. Partners responded by concentrating help where needs are most severe, and still reached only about one in six <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 people-in-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The estimated number of people whose basic needs are not met because of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">people in need<\/a> in early 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Some indicators held. Internal displacement fell for the first time in a decade, chronic hunger edged down and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">social protection<\/a> now reaches more than half of the world\u2019s people<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Yet extreme poverty has stalled near one in ten, the multidimensional poverty count rose, and debt service takes more than health or education in much of Africa<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig1-t\">How far does response reach against need? People, mid-2026 (million)<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Plans target 143 million people and prioritise 89 million; partners reached about 18% of those in need in the first five months (method 3). Many of those reached received only partial assistance or reduced service packages<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">In urgent need<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">252<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Targeted by plans<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"56.7\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">143<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Prioritised<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"35.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">89<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Reached, January to May<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"17.9\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">45.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2026.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">25.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>reached where needs are most severe (58%)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">5.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>refugees assisted within the reach figure<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">34<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>appeal at mid-year 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">8.21<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>contributions by end-May 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The development and humanitarian-centred matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, read for their development and humanitarian content. Strengths are Nexus estimates (ESTIMATED) from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the graph that 2027 evidence will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pumping load<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">irrigation \u00b7 livelihoods<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">outbreaks \u00b7 hygiene \u00b7 displacement sites<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">catchment pressure<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pumping \u00b7 treatment<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">cold chain \u00b7 fuel for farms<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">clinic power \u00b7 cooking<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fuelwood<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">withdrawals<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">bioenergy<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">malnutrition \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a><\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land clearing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">facility demand<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">labour \u00b7 child <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h81\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.nutrition.acute-malnutrition-surge\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency\" data-td=\"A rapid rise in dangerous weight loss among young children and other vulnerable people during food crises, disease outbreaks or conflict, sharply raising the risk of death.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H81\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">wasting<\/a><\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">zoonoses<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">catchments<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">biomass<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fisheries \u00b7 pollination<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">ecosystem services<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 FOO \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Aid cuts and a price shock reach households as hunger and illness.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> 2025 to 2026 aid cuts and food assistance phase-outs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Storms and floods displace people and break safe water services.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> 2025 storm displacement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Falling aid reduces health services, with modelled effects on child survival.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> health aid fall 2024 and 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 FIN \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">Supply-chain disruption<\/a> and higher prices raise the cost of aid and food.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> 2026 supply-chain disruption<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 DAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Cuts reach statistics and surveillance, so need is measured less well.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> 2025 survey of statistical offices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNDP and OPHI (eds.), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 (report page with headline findings). United Nations Development Programme, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the development and humanitarian baseline. They are grouped by coupling and never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>18 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">In 2025, official development assistance from DAC members fell 23.1% in real terms to USD 174.3 billion, the largest annual fall on record.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-fig1-t\">DAC official development assistance, 2025 (USD billion)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Total<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">174.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Bilateral<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"72.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">126.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Multilateral<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"27.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">47.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Humanitarian assistance (bilateral)<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"8.9\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">15.5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: OECD preliminary 2025 data note<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup>. Humanitarian assistance is part of bilateral aid. Figures are preliminary.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">The fall was broad but concentrated: 26 of 34 members reduced aid, and the five largest providers made up 95.7% of the fall. The United States alone made up 75.1% of it, and Germany became the largest provider for the first time. UN SDG reporting shows aid grants for poverty reduction were already back at 2015 levels in 2024, and net aid for basic health fell 12.4% that year<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">The final OECD figures due in December 2026, the 2026 outturn against the OECD projection, and the pledges behind the 2027 Global Humanitarian Overview would each move this finding.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Governance<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-001\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">About 239 million people needed urgent humanitarian assistance and protection at the start of 2026, and 252 million by mid-year, 13 million more than at launch; conflict remains the main driver.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-004\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Humanitarian partners assisted 45.2 million of the 252 million <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 people-in-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The estimated number of people whose basic needs are not met because of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">people in need<\/a> in the first five months of 2026, about one in six; 58% of those reached lived where needs were most severe, against 43% in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-005\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">UNHCR counted 28.5 million refugees and 64.2 million internally displaced people under its series at the end of 2025, and IDMC counted 82.2 million internally displaced people; 4.4 million refugees and 10.3 million IDPs returned in the year.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Finance<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-002\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Humanitarian funding reported to FTS fell from USD 37.1 billion in 2024 to USD 28.3 billion in 2025, and contributions to the 2026 Global Humanitarian Overview reached USD 8.21 billion by the end of May, 69% above the same point in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Official development assistance from DAC members fell 23.1% in real terms in 2025 to USD 174.3 billion, 0.26% of their gross national income; the United States cut 56.9% and humanitarian assistance fell 35.8%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-007\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">An estimated 826 million people, one in ten, lived below USD 3.00 a day in 2026, only three percentage points below 2015 (10.1% in 2024 on the World Bank series), and four in five of the extreme poor in 2030 are projected to live in sub-Saharan Africa or fragile and conflict-affected countries.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-009\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Developing countries paid close to USD 1 trillion in interest on public debt in 2025, and 65% of Africa\u2019s population lived in 2023 in countries that spend more on interest than on health or education; external debt service of low- and middle-income countries was USD 1.29 trillion in 2024, down from USD 1.43 trillion in 2023.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Food<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">An estimated 645 million people were chronically undernourished in 2025, and 266 million faced acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a> (Crisis or worse); Catastrophe affected about 1.4 million people in 2025 on the GRFC count and 1.2 million on the OCHA count.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-008\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 108 countries, 1.2 billion people (18.9%) lived in acute multidimensional poverty, the first rise since the index began in 2010; more than half of them are children.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is a funding contraction that coincides with a displacement surge and a food price shock in a highly indebted fragile economy. \u00a7 scenario<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">4.9 million children died before their fifth birthday in 2024, nearly half in fragile and conflict-affected settings; the under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a> was 68.8 per 1,000 in low-income countries against 37.4 worldwide.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-011\">NRF-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">One published model associates higher aid with 24% lower all-cause mortality and 33% lower under-5 mortality in 59 low-income and lower-middle-income countries; another projects more than 14 million additional deaths by 2030 if the 2025 US funding cuts are not reversed. These are modelled estimates, not counted deaths.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SI.POV.DDAY, poverty headcount ratio at USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP), world, low-income and sub-Saharan Africa groups, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.DOD.DECT.CD and DT.TDS.DECT.CD, external debt stocks and debt service, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNDP and OPHI (eds.), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 (report page with headline findings). United Nations Development Programme, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.DYN.MORT, under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a>, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>15 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GOV \u00b7 Need<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People in urgent need of humanitarian assistance<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">252<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>up 13 million since December 2025.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2026<\/span><span>OCHA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIN \u00b7 Funding<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Humanitarian funding reported to FTS<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">28.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>from 37.1 in 2024; incomplete.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>FTS<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIN \u00b7 Aid<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Official development assistance, DAC members<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">174.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>down 23.1% in real terms; preliminary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>OECD<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FOO \u00b7 Hunger<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People in acute food insecurity (Crisis or worse)<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">266<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>across 47 countries and territories.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>GRFC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GOV \u00b7 Displacement<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People living in internal displacement<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">82.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>first fall in a decade; 83.5 million in 2024.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>IDMC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SYS \u00b7 Cross-system<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People below USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP)<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">826<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>UN estimate for 2026; one in ten people.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2026<\/span><span>SDG Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read through development and humanitarian, in words, not scored. The coupling column names the dependency that carries development and humanitarian risk into each domain.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>Safely managed drinking water reaches 33.0% of people in low-income countries against 74% worldwide; crises break the services that exist.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Electricity reaches 48.8% of people in low-income countries; schools and clinics in the least developed countries often lack it.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>645 million chronically undernourished; 266 million in acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> risk flagged in four contexts.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>4.9 million child deaths in 2024; immunisation and maternal outcomes lag in low-income and fragile settings.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">the core outcome<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Livelihoods, fisheries and fuel depend on ecosystems; the evidence for crisis settings is not consolidated here.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO \u2192 FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td>Storms drove 17.9 million movements in 2025 and disaster displacement totalled 29.9 million; 2025 was 1.43 \u00b0C above pre-industrial levels.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>Schools, clinics and shelters lack basic services in the least developed countries; attacks on civilian infrastructure are a feature of current conflicts.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Aid, remittances and debt service move together: aid fell, remittances to low- and middle-income countries rose, interest costs reached close to USD 1 trillion.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Fewer than a third of SDG indicators in several areas have enough trend data; aid cuts now reach national statistical programmes.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>Internet use is 23.4% in low-income countries against 73.6% worldwide; use of algorithms in targeting and in aid is not consolidated.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>Mineral supply and extraction in fragile settings is not consolidated here for the development and humanitarian reading.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN \u2192 FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>Remittances to low- and middle-income countries reached USD 703.6 billion in 2025; the Middle East conflict disrupted humanitarian supply chains.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen sectors are screened for their dependence on development and humanitarian, on the same grammar as every national edition. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>need, aid and debt meet in the same households<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>funding, displacement and food shock<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>safely managed drinking water at 33.0% in low-income countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>outbreak in a displacement site<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>electricity at 48.8% in low-income countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>fuel and clinic power<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food and Agrifood <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a><\/td><td>266 million in acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>price shock and aid cuts<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 one-health\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An integrated approach that recognises the health of people, animals, plants and ecosystems as interdependent and manages risks across them together.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">One Health<\/a><\/td><td>4.9 million under-5 deaths in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>service loss after aid cuts<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance and Economy<\/td><td>DAC aid down 23.1% in real terms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>debt and aid squeeze<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development and Humanitarian<\/td><td>252 million in urgent need<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>compound stress<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate and Earth Systems<\/td><td>29.9 million disaster displacements in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>storm season<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster and Resilience<\/td><td>disaster displacement and anticipatory finance<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>concurrent crises<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure, Transport and Logistics<\/td><td>humanitarian supply chains disrupted in 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>access and routes<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities and Urban Systems<\/td><td>slums and housing pressure in growing cities<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>urban displacement<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity and Ecosystems<\/td><td>livelihood dependence on ecosystems<\/td><td>land and fisheries pressure<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth Observation and Planetary Intelligence<\/td><td>satellite data for needs and access<\/td><td>continuity of data<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and Digital Systems<\/td><td>internet use at 23.4% in low-income countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>digital exclusion<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy, Institutions and Governance<\/td><td>Core Humanitarian Standard and the 2026 reset<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>reform and funding<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science and Engineering Frontier<\/td><td>mortality modelling of aid effects<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>attribution and data<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS, people using safely managed drinking water services, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, access to electricity, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, IT.NET.USER.ZS, individuals using the internet, low-income group and world, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>CHS Alliance, Group URD and the Sphere Association (eds.), Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability, CHS 2024 version (standard page). CHS Alliance, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Reset (2025 to 2026 reform of the humanitarian system), cited from a mention in the opened Mid-Year Review [4]; the OCHA page was not found. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c3-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four development and humanitarian risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>19 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-GS06-GOV-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Funding contraction against rising need<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>cuts in aid and humanitarian funding while need rises<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>people in plans with low funding; refugee food assistance<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>dependence on a few large donors; partial service packages<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>prioritisation; pooled funds; local organisations<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>FIN \u2192 FOO, HLT, WAT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 3 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-GS06-FOO-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Famine risk in conflict settings<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>conflict, access limits and aid cuts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>Sudan, South Sudan, Somalia and the Gaza Strip, flagged for <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> risk<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>low reach of assistance; displacement<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">early warning<\/a>; food and cash assistance; pooled funds<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>FOO \u2192 HLT, GOV<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 2 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-GS06-FIN-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Debt service crowding out social spending<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>high interest costs and shrinking external finance<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>populations in countries that spend more on interest than on health or education<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>thin fiscal space; dependence on aid<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>debt restructuring and borrowing-cost work<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>FIN \u2192 HLT, FOO<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 5 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-GS06-HLT-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Loss of health-service and data capacity after aid cuts<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>reduced external funding for health and statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>low-income and fragile settings with high child and maternal mortality<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>service disruption reported by about 70% of 108 WHO country offices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>domestic financing; primary care; surveillance<\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>HLT \u2192 FOO, GOV<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 5 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence for development and humanitarian at the global level.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>protection norms and conflict-prevention instruments exist; compliance is contested<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>ADEQUATE<\/td><td>annual series for need, displacement and hunger<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>joint hunger early warning; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> risk flagged for four contexts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>country and regional response plans for 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>pooled funds exist; reserve stocks and surge capacity not consolidated<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>DEMONSTRATED<\/td><td>45.2 million people assisted in the first five months of 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>service continuity in crises documented case by case<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>4.4 million refugees and 10.3 million IDPs returned in 2025, many under unsafe conditions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 anticipatory-action\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Actions taken ahead of a predicted hazard, on the basis of a forecast or risk analysis, to prevent or reduce its humanitarian impacts before they fully unfold.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">anticipatory action<\/a> and resilience work not consolidated here<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>52.4% of people covered by at least one benefit in 2023; 3.8 billion not covered<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>humanitarian and development finance exist and are contracting<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>cluster consolidation under the 2026 reset; Core Humanitarian Standard<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>basic services lacking in many fragile settings<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>aid worker security data exist; 2025 figures not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>ADEQUATE<\/td><td>peer-reviewed mortality modelling; data gaps in statistical offices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.DYN.MORT, under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a>, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.STA.MMRT, maternal mortality ratio (modelled estimate), API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>United Nations General Assembly, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, resolution A\/RES\/70\/1 (full text, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>CHS Alliance, Group URD and the Sphere Association (eds.), Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability, CHS 2024 version (standard page). CHS Alliance, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Humanitarian Outcomes (ed.), Aid Worker Security Database, project page and Figures at a Glance 2025 listing (statistics through 2024 announced; the figures themselves were not extracted). Humanitarian Outcomes, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c4-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Funding contraction, displacement surge and food price shock in a highly indebted fragile economy<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>2 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>a further fall in humanitarian and development funding that coincides with a new displacement surge and a food price shock in an economy with heavy debt service<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>2025 aid cuts; 2026 food assistance phase-outs; 2025 storm displacement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled: the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified run scheduled for 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 GOV<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">funding falls; plans are prioritised and service packages shrink<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025 \u00b7 2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">GOV \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">food assistance is cut for some refugees and displaced people<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">a storm or conflict surge displaces people and breaks water services<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">outbreak risk rises in crowded sites with fewer clinics<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">prices of food and fuel rise and shrink the value of cash assistance<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">interest costs squeeze the national budget that would backfill<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01 would travel through Global Development and Humanitarian&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Finance to governance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Funding falls; plans are prioritised and service packages shrink. Analogue or source: 2025 \u00b7 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Governance to food<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Food assistance is cut for some refugees and displaced people. Analogue or source: 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Climate to water<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A storm or conflict surge displaces people and breaks water services. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Water to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Outbreak risk rises in crowded sites with fewer clinics. Analogue or source: 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Trade to food<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Prices of food and fuel rise and shrink the value of cash assistance. Analogue or source: 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Finance to finance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Interest costs squeeze the national budget that would backfill. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition GS-06, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01, step 6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026, scenario SCN-GS06-FND-01<\/a> (2026); Global Development and Humanitarian 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c5-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The development and humanitarian baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>37 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports reading development and humanitarian action as the human-outcome layer of the WEFH+B system. Need is rising, funding is falling, and debt narrows what states can do. Evidence is strongest for need, displacement and hunger, and weakest for casualties among aid workers, attacks on health care and conflict deaths.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">GOV-001 \u00b7 FIN-003 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people this is a ration cut, a clinic closure or a school that cannot open. The baseline asks that public debate keep the 252 million in view alongside the funding story, and that it treat returns and reach as outcomes to be checked.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">GOV-004 \u00b7 GOV-005 \u00b7 FOO-006<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Aid has contracted, interest costs are near USD 1 trillion and remittances now exceed aid several times over<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup>. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an approval.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">FIN-003 \u00b7 FIN-009<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Development and humanitarian action is well counted at the level of need, displacement and hunger and thinly counted at the level of attacks, casualties and local delivery. The 2027 programme should bind regional crisis evidence, test the compound shock, and map where cuts reach data systems.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 D-01 \u00b7 D-04<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for development and humanitarian. The standards are a preparatory working draft (2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability exist?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests show?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What changed in the year, and what renews?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> sector desks<\/td><td>development chapter inputs: GCRI evidence, GRA readiness, NXS standards, RA capability<\/td><td>sector editorial board<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. Adoption of any standard is a decision of the competent standards body.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the Reports editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Need rose from 239 to 252 million people in six months while aid and reported humanitarian funding fell. The gap is not a gap in goodwill alone. It is a gap in the structure of finance, and this edition asks where it widens first.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>Need and money are moving apart<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Partners reached about one in six people in need, with more of the help going to the most severe areas. Prioritisation is a rational response to scarcity, and it also means people with lower needs on paper are left without support.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>Reach is not coverage<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Interest costs of close to USD 1 trillion mean that governments in much of Africa pay more to creditors than to health or education. A humanitarian shock lands on states with little room to respond.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>Debt is a humanitarian variable<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Statistical offices, surveys and surveillance depend on external funding that is falling. What is not measured cannot be prioritised, so protecting evidence systems belongs inside the resilience agenda.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>Measurement is part of resilience<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from regional consortia, national pathways and invited experts begin with the 2027 global edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 development and humanitarian readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the 2027 global cycle. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">2027 development and humanitarian readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>Development and Humanitarian risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five global system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 6 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>Federation delivery register<\/td><td>national chapters in preparation<\/td><td>national chapters<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>Consortium capability register<\/td><td>national consortia forming<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>Leadership questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>national environments prepared<\/td><td>first federation cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first federation-wide cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no state or organisation.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments and published guidance that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ADOPTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 GUIDANCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Transforming our world, the 2030 Agenda<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>goals and targets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability, 2024 version<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CHS Alliance<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/td><td>accountability<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sphere Handbook<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Sphere<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/td><td>minimum standards<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Compact on Refugees<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2018<\/td><td>responsibility-sharing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>disaster risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Outcome of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2025<\/td><td>finance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Humanitarian reset<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OCHA and partners<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>REFORM UNDER WAY 2026<\/td><td>coordination<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>OCHA reported consolidation of clusters under the humanitarian reset during 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The Core Humanitarian Standard 2024 version followed a 2022 to 2023 revision with more than 4,000 contributors in 90 countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The OECD reported the largest annual fall in aid on record, to be confirmed in December 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Final OECD aid statistics in December 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Implementation of the financing outcome agreed at Seville<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The 2027 Global Humanitarian Overview and any further reset decisions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. Instruments open for signature or awaiting ratification are labelled as such; a change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers development and humanitarian assessments, peer-reviewed science and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Systematic reviews for each agenda item begin in 2027.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about development and humanitarian action worldwide and its couplings?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>agency flagships; statistics offices and databases; peer-reviewed mortality and compound-event literature; standards bodies<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items 01 to 05 in 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Peer-reviewed science and assessments<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Cavalcanti et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>aid and mortality, USAID<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sibils et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>aid and mortality, 59 countries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zscheischler et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2020<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>compound events<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transforming our world<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN resolution<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>goals and targets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>State of the Global Climate 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>temperature context<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Institutional flagships<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Global Humanitarian Overview 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>need and requirements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mid-Year Review 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>need, reach, funding<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SDG Report 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN DESA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>poverty, hunger, health<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SOFI 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FAO and partners<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>chronic hunger<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global MPI 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNDP and OPHI<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>multidimensional poverty<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A World of Debt 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNCTAD<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>interest burden<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Trends 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNHCR<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>displacement headline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Levels and Trends in Child Mortality<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN IGME<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>child deaths<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Statistics, access and markets<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Financial Tracking Service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>humanitarian funding<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNHCR<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>refugees, IDPs, returns<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IDMC<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>internal displacement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preliminary ODA 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OECD<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>aid levels<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Report on Food Crises 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FSIN and partners<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>acute hunger<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>World Development Indicators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>poverty, health, access, debt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>International Debt Report 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>debt flows<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards, instruments and data systems<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Core Humanitarian Standard 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CHS Alliance<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>accountability<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sphere Handbook<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Sphere<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>minimum standards<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Humanitarian reset<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>system reform<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Seville outcome on financing for development<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>finance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>disaster risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Compact on Refugees<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN General Assembly<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>refugee responsibility-sharing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">Famine<\/a> Review Committee analysis<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IPC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>famine classification<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 debt-sustainability\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The ability of a borrower to meet current and future debt obligations without exceptional financing or a major correction.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Debt sustainability<\/a> framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IMF and World Bank<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>debt distress<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>World <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social Protection<\/a> Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>ILO<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>coverage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/education-competence-and-training\/\">Education<\/a> Monitoring Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNESCO<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>schooling<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Attacks on health care<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup>; aid worker data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>WHO; Humanitarian Outcomes<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>attacks and casualties<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Conflict is the main driver of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 humanitarian-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A shortfall in the conditions people require for life, health, safety and dignity, as a result of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">humanitarian need<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Aid and humanitarian funding fell sharply in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Extreme poverty and hunger remain far above the 2030 goals<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>How many people are internally displaced: UNHCR counts 64.2 million and IDMC 82.2 million, on different scopes<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How many people faced Catastrophe in 2025: about 1.4 million on the GRFC count and 1.2 million on the OCHA count<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How many people live in food insecurity: the SDG Report gives 2.1 billion in its goal text and 2.3 billion in its foreword<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEWS AND PREPRINTS<\/p><p>No news report or preprint binds a finding in this edition. News is used only to date events; preprints used from 2027 will be flagged as not peer-reviewed.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT, personal remittances received, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>United Nations General Assembly, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, resolution A\/RES\/70\/1 (full text, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>CHS Alliance, Group URD and the Sphere Association (eds.), Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability, CHS 2024 version (standard page). CHS Alliance, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Sphere Association (ed.), The Sphere Handbook: Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response, 2018 edition; the site returned an access error. Sphere, Geneva. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, Global Compact on Refugees (2018), cited from memory; the UNHCR page returned an access error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015 to 2030, resolution A\/RES\/69\/283, cited from memory; the document pages returned a stub or an error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, Outcome document of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development (Seville, 2025), cited from memory; the document pages returned a stub or an error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Reset (2025 to 2026 reform of the humanitarian system), cited from a mention in the opened Mid-Year Review [4]; the OCHA page was not found. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Zscheischler, J. et al., A typology of compound weather and climate events, Nature Reviews Earth and Environment 1, 333 to 347, 2020, cited from memory. Springer Nature. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: WMO (ed.), State of the Global Climate 2025; the 1.43 \u00b0C figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from WMO. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNDP and OPHI (eds.), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 (report page with headline findings). United Nations Development Programme, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNHCR (ed.), Global Trends: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.mass-displacement\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Large numbers of people forced to leave their homes by conflict, disaster or collapse, straining host areas and services.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">Forced Displacement<\/a> in 2025 (June 2026); the headline total of about 117.8 million was seen only in search-result summaries and is not used as a figure; the publication pages returned an access error. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (eds.), Levels and Trends in Child Mortality, latest report; no figure is used. UNICEF, New York. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SI.POV.DDAY, poverty headcount ratio at USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP), world, low-income and sub-Saharan Africa groups, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS, prevalence of undernourishment, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: World Bank (ed.), International Debt Report 2025; no figure is used. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, Famine Review Committee analysis of the Gaza Governorate (August 2025), cited from the opened OCHA text [1], not from the IPC document. IPC Global Support Unit, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IMF and World Bank (eds.), Debt Sustainability Framework for low-income countries, list of debt-distress ratings; the IMF site returned an access denial. International Monetary Fund, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ILO (ed.), World Social Protection Report 2024 to 2026; the 52.4% coverage figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from the ILO report. International Labour Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNESCO (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/education-competence-and-training\/\">Education<\/a> Monitoring Report, latest edition; the out-of-school figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from UNESCO. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>WHO (ed.), Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA), method and definitions page; the dashboard counts were not extracted. World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Humanitarian Outcomes (ed.), Aid Worker Security Database, project page and Figures at a Glance 2025 listing (statistics through 2024 announced; the figures themselves were not extracted). Humanitarian Outcomes, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 development and humanitarian agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due in the 2027 development and humanitarian edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How would a funding contraction that coincides with a displacement surge and a food price shock travel through food, health and water at once?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-GS06-FND-01 \u00b7 compound <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">stress test<\/a>; first output: concurrency analysis for six regions.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where does prioritised aid leave the largest gaps between <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 people-in-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The estimated number of people whose basic needs are not met because of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">people in need<\/a> and people reached?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-GS06-RCH-02 \u00b7 reach and prioritisation; first output: gap table by sector and region.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">In which countries does debt service displace spending on health, education and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">social protection<\/a>?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-GS06-DBT-03 \u00b7 debt and social spending; first output: overlay of debt service and service access.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What happens to statistics, surveillance and health programmes when external funding falls?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-GS06-DAT-04 \u00b7 evidence <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> under cuts; first output: register of affected data programmes.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which returns of refugees and displaced people are safe and lasting, and which are not?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-GS06-RTN-05 \u00b7 returns and protection; first output: returns evidence table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Can attacks on aid and health workers be counted on one common basis?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in 2027; first output: measurement note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How much of disaster displacement can anticipatory finance reach before the event?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in 2027; first output: scoping note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">D-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which humanitarian and development capabilities have been tested under real shortfalls, and which are only planned?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">Development and humanitarian capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Five initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for the 2027 development and humanitarian portfolio. They are programme objects: no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-GS06-FND-01<\/span><\/td><td>Compound <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">stress test<\/a><\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>D-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-GS06-RCH-02<\/span><\/td><td>Reach and prioritisation<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>D-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-GS06-DBT-03<\/span><\/td><td>Debt and social spending<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>D-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-GS06-DAT-04<\/span><\/td><td>Evidence <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> under cuts<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>D-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-GS06-RTN-05<\/span><\/td><td>Returns and protection<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>D-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-GS06-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Compound stress Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>D-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The development and humanitarian edition reads national development chapters, regional displacement and hunger evidence and the global edition through one governed evidence graph. At baseline the federation is designed; the Canada and global chapters are drafted. This page states what exists today and what comes next.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National development chapters<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">development and social-protection chapter of each national edition<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">DRAFTED \u00b7 further national baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Crisis and displacement evidence<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">shared crises, borders and displacement corridors<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PLANNED \u00b7 regional Baseline Editions<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Development and humanitarian sector model<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">the global system of need, aid and recovery<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">v0 SPECIFIED \u00b7 v1 with federation evidence<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global and strategic links<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">GLB \u00b7 SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience \u00b7 SR-08 Health Security, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 one-health\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An integrated approach that recognises the health of people, animals, plants and ecosystems as interdependent and manages risks across them together.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">One Health<\/a> and Biosecurity<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PLANNED \u00b7 strategic baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 mandate in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global Development and Humanitarian Report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">this series<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE DRAFT \u00b7 2027 annual edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">one graph, many projections<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first correction cycle in 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027: evidence pack for the development and humanitarian candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027: evidence pack for the development and humanitarian candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>2027 global annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-GS06-2027-01 \u00b7 Compound stress Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor \u00b7 Institutional anchor \u00b7 Mission lead: drawn from national pathways<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GOV-001 \u00b7 need<\/td><td>public record<\/td><td>reference for the 2027 series<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FIN-002 \u00b7 funding<\/td><td>INI-GS06-RCH-02<\/td><td>reach and prioritisation<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FIN-003 \u00b7 aid<\/td><td>INI-GS06-DBT-03<\/td><td>debt and social spending<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GOV-005 \u00b7 displacement<\/td><td>INI-GS06-RTN-05<\/td><td>returns and protection<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FOO-006 \u00b7 hunger<\/td><td>INI-GS06-FND-01 \u00b7 key F review<\/td><td>compound <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">stress test<\/a><\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FIN-009 \u00b7 debt<\/td><td>INI-GS06-DBT-03<\/td><td>debt and social spending<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HLT-011 \u00b7 modelled effects<\/td><td>INI-GS06-DAT-04<\/td><td>evidence <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> under cuts<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-GS06-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the federation<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">CODES ARE NOT JOINS<\/p><p>Series codes in this edition (GS-06 and its relatives) are Reports codes. Codes in other indices can look alike. This edition makes no join on a code alone: a join needs a registry record that names both subjects.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. States and organisations receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Global Humanitarian Overview and monitoring<\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>GOV-001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Financial Tracking Service<\/td><td>OCHA<\/td><td>continuous<\/td><td>FIN-002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population statistics database<\/td><td>UNHCR<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>GOV-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Report on Internal Displacement<\/td><td>IDMC<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>GOV-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Report on Food Crises and mid-year update<\/td><td>FSIN and partners<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>FOO-006<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aid statistics<\/td><td>OECD<\/td><td>preliminary in April, final in December<\/td><td>FIN-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Debt and development finance series<\/td><td>UNCTAD and World Bank<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>FIN-009<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">annual publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-GS06-001<\/td><td>Reported humanitarian funding fell about 24% in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>FIN \u00b7 GOV<\/td><td>research question D-02<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-GS06-002<\/td><td>Interest on public debt reached close to USD 1 trillion in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>FIN \u00b7 HLT<\/td><td>initiative D-03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-GS06-003<\/td><td>Cuts reach statistical programmes in low- and middle-income countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>DAT \u00b7 FIN<\/td><td>initiative D-04<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Development and water<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Safe water and hygiene protect people in crisis from disease. Where services are weak or broken, displacement and crowding turn a water gap into a health emergency.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">33.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>people in low-income countries using safely managed drinking water, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">74<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>global coverage of safely managed drinking water, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">33 to 38<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">points<\/span><p>gap between conflict-affected and stable countries on water, sanitation and hygiene<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Drinking water<\/td><td>low-income countries 33.0% against 74% worldwide in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Conflict settings<\/td><td>conflict-affected countries lag stable ones by 33 to 38 percentage points on water, sanitation and hygiene<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Outbreak response<\/td><td>partners expanded hygiene services and detection to contain an outbreak in Borno State, Nigeria, in 2026<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Displacement sites<\/td><td>water and sanitation need in sites not consolidated here<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>WAT \u2192 HLT outbreaks and hygiene<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 HLT flood displacement<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 WAT service funding<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>service levels in displacement sites<\/li><li>water cost to households in crisis<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Outbreaks in crowded sites; storm and flood seasons; funding for hygiene programmes in the 2027 plans.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-03 Food and Agrifood Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health and One Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-05 Finance and Economy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-08 Disaster and Resilience<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes physical and service couplings. It assesses no agency, utility or government.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Development and energy<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Energy decides whether clinics, schools and cold chains work in poor and fragile settings. It also decides what households burn to cook and keep warm.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">48.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>people with electricity in low-income countries, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">&gt;50<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of primary schools in least developed countries without electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">780 000<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">people<\/span><p>received winter energy assistance in the first half of 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Household access<\/td><td>electricity reaches 48.8% of people in low-income countries in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Schools<\/td><td>more than half of primary schools in least developed countries lack electricity<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cooking<\/td><td>access to clean cooking fuels is 22% in sub-Saharan Africa against 75% worldwide in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Humanitarian operations<\/td><td>fuel and power costs for response not consolidated here<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 HLT clinics and cooking<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 FOO cold chains<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 ENE assistance for energy costs<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>power in health facilities in crisis settings<\/li><li>fuel cost of humanitarian operations<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Winter energy assistance in conflict-affected regions; fuel price shocks in importing fragile economies.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-03 Food and Agrifood Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health and One Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-05 Finance and Economy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-08 Disaster and Resilience<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes service couplings. It makes no statement on any country\u2019s energy policy.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Development and food<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Hunger is both a cause and a measure of crisis. Chronic hunger edged down in 2025, acute hunger stayed high, and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> risk is concentrated where conflict and aid cuts meet.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">645<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>chronically undernourished, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">266<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>in acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>, Crisis or worse, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">327 000<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">people<\/span><p>expected in Catastrophe in 2026, five countries and territories<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Chronic hunger<\/td><td>645 million in 2025, 7.8% of people, below the 2015 level of 8.0%<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Acute hunger<\/td><td>266 million across 47 countries and territories; 70% live in fragile or conflict-affected countries<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Catastrophe<\/td><td>about 1.4 million people in 2025 on the GRFC count, 1.2 million on the OCHA count<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assistance cuts<\/td><td>more than one million refugees in Uganda phased out of food assistance in 2026<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>FOO \u2192 HLT malnutrition<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 FOO assistance and prices<\/li><li>GOV \u2192 FOO conflict and access<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>coverage of analysed countries in hunger reports<\/li><li>effect of cash cuts on diets<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Famine risk in Somalia, South Sudan, the Sudan and the Gaza Strip; food prices in importing fragile economies; ration cuts.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-03 Food and Agrifood Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health and One Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-05 Finance and Economy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-08 Disaster and Resilience<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes physical and market couplings. It makes no statement on any country\u2019s agricultural or aid policy and declares no famine.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Development and health<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Child survival and maternal health are the clearest human outcomes of development and humanitarian work. They improve slowly, concentrate in fragile settings and depend on aid that is now falling.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>children died before age five, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">197<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">per 100 000<\/span><p>maternal mortality ratio, 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">70<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of 108 WHO country offices reported service disruption after aid reductions, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Child survival<\/td><td>under-5 mortality 68.8 per 1,000 in low-income countries against 37.4 worldwide, 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Immunisation<\/td><td>three-dose DPT coverage 70.2% in low-income countries against 84.8% worldwide, 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health aid<\/td><td>net aid for medical research and basic health fell 12.4% to USD 11.4 billion in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Attacks on health care<\/td><td>counts for 2025 and 2026 not bound; WHO records attacks by certainty level<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>FOO \u2192 HLT malnutrition<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 HLT health aid<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 HLT outbreaks<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>attacks on health care in 2025 and 2026<\/li><li>service loss after aid cuts, measured<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>The next IGME and WHO immunisation releases; health-aid pledges; outbreak reports from displacement sites.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-03 Food and Agrifood Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health and One Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-05 Finance and Economy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-08 Disaster and Resilience<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Health-system planning rests with national authorities and WHO. No personal health data are used or shown in Reports.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.5<\/span><span>Aid, debt, nature and extremes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Money and shocks decide how far the other four couplings hold. Aid fell, debt costs rose and storms displaced millions, while the link to nature is the least measured part of the picture.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">174.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>DAC official development assistance, 2025, preliminary<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22481<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD trillion<\/span><p>interest paid on public debt in developing countries, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">29.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>disaster displacements, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Aid<\/td><td>down 23.1% in real terms in 2025; humanitarian assistance down 35.8%<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Debt<\/td><td>external debt service of low- and middle-income countries USD 1.29 trillion in 2024 against USD 1.43 trillion in 2023<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Disaster displacement<\/td><td>29.9 million movements in 2025, 35% below 2024 and 13% above the decade average; storms 17.9 million<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nature<\/td><td>ecosystem dependence of crisis-affected livelihoods not consolidated here<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>FIN \u2192 HLT, FOO aid and debt<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 HLT storms and floods<\/li><li>BIO \u2192 FOO fisheries and land<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ecosystem effects of displacement and fuel use<\/li><li>disaster displacement finance reaching people before the event<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>The December 2026 aid release; storm and flood seasons; borrowing costs for fragile economies.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-03 Food and Agrifood Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health and One Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-05 Finance and Economy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-08 Disaster and Resilience<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-05 Sovereign, Fiscal and Financial Resilience<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes financial and physical couplings. It assesses no donor, creditor or state and makes no forecast of flows.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS, people using safely managed drinking water services, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, access to electricity, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.STA.MMRT, maternal mortality ratio (modelled estimate), API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.DYN.MORT, under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a>, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.IMM.IDPT, immunisation DPT, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>WHO (ed.), Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA), method and definitions page; the dashboard counts were not extracted. World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.DOD.DECT.CD and DT.TDS.DECT.CD, external debt stocks and debt service, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>13 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>13 tables<\/span><span>13 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The global baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>Change in humanitarian funding reported to FTS, 2024 to 2025<\/td><td>(28.28 \u2212 37.12) \u00f7 37.12<\/td><td>\u221223.8%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>Change in humanitarian funding reported to FTS, 2022 to 2025<\/td><td>(28.28 \u2212 43.21) \u00f7 43.21<\/td><td>\u221234.6%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>People reached against <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 people-in-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The estimated number of people whose basic needs are not met because of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">people in need<\/a>, January to May 2026<\/td><td>45.2 \u00f7 252<\/td><td>17.9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Remittances to low- and middle-income countries against DAC aid, 2025 (different bases)<\/td><td>703.6 \u00f7 174.3<\/td><td>\u22484.0 times<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season, in more than one region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at global scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card, Development and Humanitarian Sector Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-GS06-DEVELOPMENT \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent the global development and humanitarian system and its couplings to water, energy, food, health and nature<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from assessments and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against federation evidence in 2027<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>global scale; not for asset-, site- or country-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings and flows to measure first; explaining the coupled reading of need, aid and debt.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, country comparisons or rankings, operational decisions, or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The global baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Federation cuts begin with the first national Foundry cuts in 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>DC-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-B0<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>46 cited sources, each at the edition and access date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>the 2027 development and humanitarian annual cut<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the federation cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2027 global annual<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited global publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>national, regional and sector cuts through one graph<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>Development and Humanitarian Sector Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to federation evidence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 global edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 humanitarian-need\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A shortfall in the conditions people require for life, health, safety and dignity, as a result of a crisis.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Humanitarian need<\/a><\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>Mid-Year Review, June 2026<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>GHO 2027 in December 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Humanitarian funding<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>FTS at access<\/td><td>continuous<\/td><td>monthly<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aid levels<\/td><td>2025 preliminary<\/td><td>April 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>final release in December 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Displacement<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>May to June 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Acute hunger<\/td><td>2025 and 2026<\/td><td>April and August 2026<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chronic hunger<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>July 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Extreme poverty<\/td><td>2026 estimate<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Multidimensional poverty<\/td><td>2025 to 2026<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Child mortality, immunisation<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>October 2026 database update<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Debt and interest<\/td><td>2024 to 2025<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Need and response<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><td>reach by sector and region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Funding and aid<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>final 2025 and 2026 figures<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Displacement<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>one global basis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hunger<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><td>coverage of analysed countries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poverty<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><td>poverty in fragile settings<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Debt<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>link to service spending by country<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protection and attacks<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>casualties among aid and health workers<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Local delivery<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>share of funds reaching local organisations<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Designed empty states: what is not bound, what would fill it and why<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source that would fill it<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Blocker<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Humanitarian funding for 2025 and 2026 on a final basis<\/td><td>OCHA Financial Tracking Service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>; OECD final data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>reporting to FTS lags; the 2025 total of USD 28.3 billion is the value at access and may rise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aid worker deaths, injuries and kidnappings in 2025 and 2026<\/td><td>Aid Worker Security Database<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the database page was opened but its figures are in a dashboard and a report preview through 2024; the programme interface needs a key issued on request<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Attacks on health care in 2025 and 2026<\/td><td>WHO Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>interactive dashboard; no machine-readable extract was retrieved; counts differ by certainty level<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UNHCR headline total of forcibly displaced people at the end of 2025<\/td><td>UNHCR Global Trends report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the publication pages returned an access error; components were read from the statistics database instead<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Internally displaced people on one global basis<\/td><td>UNHCR<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup> and IDMC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the two series use different scopes; not reconciled in this edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Civilian deaths in armed conflict worldwide, 2025<\/td><td>OHCHR and conflict data programmes<\/td><td>not retrieved; the Global Humanitarian Overview gives context only<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Net aid received by low-income countries after 2023<\/td><td>World Bank indicator<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; OECD final data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the indicator ends in 2023; later values await the final DAC release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People in extreme poverty inside fragile and conflict-affected settings, as a count<\/td><td>World Bank poverty platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup>; SDG Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the SDG Report gives shares and a projection only; a count by classification was not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cash assistance volumes in 2026<\/td><td>OCHA monitoring<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the Mid-Year Review says cash assistance fell significantly and gives no total<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of humanitarian funding reaching local and national organisations<\/td><td>OCHA Financial Tracking Service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>no figure retrieved at evidence close<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Use of artificial intelligence in humanitarian operations and targeting<\/td><td>agency reports<\/td><td>not published on a common basis; the Global Humanitarian Overview raises the risk only in general terms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mineral and extractive links to crisis settings<\/td><td>not identified<\/td><td>no consolidated source found for the development and humanitarian reading<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs beyond response and monitoring<\/td><td>agencies, donors and ministries<\/td><td>not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards, two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in June 2026 from country response plan monitoring. Mid-year. Role: binds GOV-001 and GOV-004 and the dashboard figure. Figures move as plans are revised.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-GS06-001<\/h3><p>OCHA Mid-Year Review 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre in May 2026 from national and partner data. Annual. Role: binds GOV-005 and the displacement tile. Scope differs from the UNHCR series.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-GS06-002<\/h3><p>IDMC Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-GS06-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-GS06-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>plans cover countries with a humanitarian response plan; coverage follows the appeals<\/td><td>modelled where reporting is missing; 104 countries and territories with internal displacement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>about 5 months after the period<\/td><td>about 5 months after the year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>plans revised through the year<\/td><td>annual update with revised earlier years<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>planning and monitoring guidance published<\/td><td>methodology published<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>cluster and country team review<\/td><td>partner and government data compared<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>FTS<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>: funding by sector and by recipient type<\/li><li>OECD final ODA release<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup>: aid by recipient group<\/li><li>UNHCR Global Trends<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup>: headline total and definitions<\/li><li>AWSD<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup> and WHO SSA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup>: 2025 counts of attacks<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>development and humanitarian, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>DAC<\/td><td>Development Assistance Committee of the OECD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FTS<\/td><td>Financial Tracking Service<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GHO<\/td><td>Global Humanitarian Overview<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GRFC<\/td><td>Global Report on Food Crises<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IDMC<\/td><td>Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IDP<\/td><td>internally displaced person<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IPC<\/td><td>Integrated Food Security Phase Classification<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LDC<\/td><td>least developed country<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MPI<\/td><td>Multidimensional Poverty Index<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OCHA<\/td><td>United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ODA<\/td><td>official development assistance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SOFI<\/td><td>The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-tab13\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.13<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the global indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-GS06-FND-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>Crisis cards<\/td><td>cards for the major displacement and hunger crises<\/td><td>WITH REGIONAL EDITIONS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition: internal displacement<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>number of people living in internal displacement at year end because of conflict, violence or disasters<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>people<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>IDMC compilation of national, agency and partner data<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>IDMC Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>scope and coverage differ from the UNHCR series; some figures are modelled<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>a year-end count; does not show repeated movements or return conditions<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Humanitarian Outcomes (ed.), Aid Worker Security Database, project page and Figures at a Glance 2025 listing (statistics through 2024 announced; the figures themselves were not extracted). Humanitarian Outcomes, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>WHO (ed.), Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA), method and definitions page; the dashboard counts were not extracted. World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNHCR (ed.), Global Trends: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.mass-displacement\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Large numbers of people forced to leave their homes by conflict, disaster or collapse, straining host areas and services.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">Forced Displacement<\/a> in 2025 (June 2026); the headline total of about 117.8 million was seen only in search-result summaries and is not used as a figure; the publication pages returned an access error. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.ODA.ODAT.CD, net official development assistance received, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SI.POV.DDAY, poverty headcount ratio at USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP), world, low-income and sub-Saharan Africa groups, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>10 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>20 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Global baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>People in urgent need (launch)<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">239<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People in urgent need (mid-year)<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">252<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People targeted (mid-year)<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">143<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People reached, January to May<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">45.2<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Appeal at mid-year<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">34<\/span><\/td><td>USD billion<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Humanitarian funding reported to FTS<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">28.3<\/span><\/td><td>USD billion<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DAC official development assistance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">174.3<\/span><\/td><td>USD billion<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Refugees, UNHCR series<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">28.5<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Internally displaced, UNHCR series<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">64.2<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Internally displaced, IDMC series<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">82.2<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chronically undernourished<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">645<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>, Crisis or worse<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">266<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People below USD 3.00 a day<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">826<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poverty headcount at USD 3.00 a day, world<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">10.1<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Poverty headcount at USD 3.00 a day, low-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">52.5<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Multidimensional poverty<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">1.2<\/span><\/td><td>billion<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Under-5 mortality, low-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">68.8<\/span><\/td><td>per 1,000<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Under-5 mortality, world<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">37.4<\/span><\/td><td>per 1,000<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Interest on public debt, developing countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u22481<\/span><\/td><td>USD trillion<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Remittances to low- and middle-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">703.6<\/span><\/td><td>USD billion<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Net aid received by low-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">44.6<\/span><\/td><td>USD billion<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GDP per capita growth, low-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">2.5<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Undernourishment, low-income countries<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">27.3<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0APeople%20in%20urgent%20need%20(launch)%2C239%2Cmillion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0APeople%20in%20urgent%20need%20(mid-year)%2C252%2Cmillion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0APeople%20targeted%20(mid-year)%2C143%2Cmillion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B4%5D%0A%22People%20reached%2C%20January%20to%20May%22%2C45.2%2Cmillion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B4%5D%0AAppeal%20at%20mid-year%2C34%2CUSD%20billion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0AHumanitarian%20funding%20reported%20to%20FTS%2C28.3%2CUSD%20billion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0ADAC%20official%20development%20assistance%2C174.3%2CUSD%20billion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B8%5D%0A%22Refugees%2C%20UNHCR%20series%22%2C28.5%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0A%22Internally%20displaced%2C%20UNHCR%20series%22%2C64.2%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0A%22Internally%20displaced%2C%20IDMC%20series%22%2C82.2%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B7%5D%0AChronically%20undernourished%2C645%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0A%22Acute%20food%20insecurity%2C%20Crisis%20or%20worse%22%2C266%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B11%5D%0APeople%20below%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%2C826%2Cmillion%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B9%5D%0A%22Poverty%20headcount%20at%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%2C%20world%22%2C10.1%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B15%5D%0A%22Poverty%20headcount%20at%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C52.5%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B15%5D%0AMultidimensional%20poverty%2C1.2%2Cbillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B13%5D%0A%22Under-5%20mortality%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C68.8%2C%22per%201%2C000%22%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B16%5D%0A%22Under-5%20mortality%2C%20world%22%2C37.4%2C%22per%201%2C000%22%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B16%5D%0A%22Interest%20on%20public%20debt%2C%20developing%20countries%22%2C%E2%89%881%2CUSD%20trillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B14%5D%0ARemittances%20to%20low-%20and%20middle-income%20countries%2C703.6%2CUSD%20billion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B20%5D%0ANet%20aid%20received%20by%20low-income%20countries%2C44.6%2CUSD%20billion%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B19%5D%0A%22GDP%20per%20capita%20growth%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C2.5%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0A%22Undernourishment%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C27.3%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B26%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian%20Risk%20and%20Resilience%20Report%202026%3A%20Baseline%20Edition%2C%20The%20State%20of%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian%20Action%20Worldwide.%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20in%20urgent%20need%20(launch)%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22239%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20in%20urgent%20need%20(mid-year)%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22252%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20targeted%20(mid-year)%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22143%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B4%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20reached%2C%20January%20to%20May%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2245.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B4%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Appeal%20at%20mid-year%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2234%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Humanitarian%20funding%20reported%20to%20FTS%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2228.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22DAC%20official%20development%20assistance%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22174.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B8%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Refugees%2C%20UNHCR%20series%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2228.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Internally%20displaced%2C%20UNHCR%20series%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2264.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Internally%20displaced%2C%20IDMC%20series%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2282.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B7%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Chronically%20undernourished%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22645%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Acute%20food%20insecurity%2C%20Crisis%20or%20worse%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22266%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B11%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20below%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22826%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B9%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Poverty%20headcount%20at%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%2C%20world%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2210.1%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B15%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Poverty%20headcount%20at%20USD%203.00%20a%20day%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2252.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B15%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Multidimensional%20poverty%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B13%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Under-5%20mortality%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2268.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22per%201%2C000%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Under-5%20mortality%2C%20world%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2237.4%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22per%201%2C000%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Interest%20on%20public%20debt%2C%20developing%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%89%881%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20trillion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B14%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Remittances%20to%20low-%20and%20middle-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22703.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B20%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Net%20aid%20received%20by%20low-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2244.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B19%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22GDP%20per%20capita%20growth%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Undernourishment%2C%20low-income%20countries%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2227.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B26%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Shares are rounded as published. UNHCR and IDMC use different scopes for internal displacement, and the OCHA and GRFC counts of people in Catastrophe differ; each is shown from its issuer<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. World Bank indicator values are the latest released on 8 October 2026. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>Global source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GOV<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">WAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">CLI<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">DAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">AIC<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Global source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>OCHA Global Humanitarian Overview 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2025 to 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>need, requirements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OCHA Mid-Year Review 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>mid-year<\/td><td>need, reach, funding<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OCHA Financial Tracking Service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency, open data<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>continuous<\/td><td>funding flows<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UNHCR population statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency, open data<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>refugees, IDPs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IDMC Global Report 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>monitoring centre<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>internal displacement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OECD preliminary ODA note<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>intergovernmental organisation<\/td><td>DAC members<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>aid levels<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SDG Report 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agencies<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2024 to 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>poverty, hunger, health<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Report on Food Crises<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>multi-agency network<\/td><td>47 countries and territories<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual and mid-year<\/td><td>acute hunger<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global MPI 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency and university centre<\/td><td>108 countries<\/td><td>2025 to 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>multidimensional poverty<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>World Bank indicators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>multilateral bank, open data<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2023 to 2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>poverty, health, access, debt<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading: development and humanitarian action across ten clusters<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Map plates follow with the regional Baseline Editions, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form and ranks no region.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading: development and humanitarian action across ten clusters<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Region<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>North America<\/td><td>aid donor contraction; remittance corridors<\/td><td>finance, trade<\/td><td>United States aid fell 56.9% in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>South America<\/td><td>regional migration and Venezuelan response; Haiti and the Caribbean displacement<\/td><td>health, food, finance<\/td><td>IDMC reports 10.5 million IDPs in the Americas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; Haiti 1.5 million IDPs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Europe<\/td><td>war in Ukraine; civilian harm from drones<\/td><td>energy, health, housing<\/td><td>drone attacks harmed civilians in April 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; 5.9 million IDPs in Europe and Central Asia<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eurasia<\/td><td>displacement and border tensions<\/td><td>food, health<\/td><td>IDMC regional reading<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Middle East and North Africa<\/td><td>escalation in 2026; Gaza; Lebanon; Syria<\/td><td>food, health, water, supply chains<\/td><td>Lebanon 1.4 million in need<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; nearly 14 million IDPs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Africa<\/td><td>Sudan; DRC; South Sudan; Sahel; hunger and poverty<\/td><td>food, health, finance<\/td><td>31.7 million IDPs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; 616 million in multidimensional poverty<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup>; 65% of population in high-interest states<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>South Asia<\/td><td>Afghanistan returns and border fighting; floods<\/td><td>food, health, water<\/td><td>about 14 million IDPs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; over 100,000 displaced in Afghanistan in February 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>East Asia<\/td><td>regional statistics not bound<\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>IDMC reports 5.9 million IDPs in East Asia and the Pacific<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ASEAN<\/td><td>Myanmar crisis; typhoons in Viet Nam<\/td><td>food, health, shelter<\/td><td>OCHA plans for Myanmar and Viet Nam<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oceania-Pacific<\/td><td>regional statistics not bound<\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>IDMC reports 5.9 million IDPs in East Asia and the Pacific<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">MAP PLATES WITH THE REGIONAL EDITIONS<\/p><p>Each plate will carry its boundary source and version, projection, resolution, classification, uncertainty encoding and public-safe transform, with text and table alternatives.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any region or country.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Crisis card: Sudan<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">conflict<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">displacement<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">famine risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">access<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>food, health, water, protection<\/dd><dt>Defining events<\/dt><dd>largest internal displacement crisis, 9.1 million IDPs at the end of 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> confirmed in parts in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>GOV \u2192 FOO famine risk; WAT \u2192 HLT outbreaks; FIN \u2192 GOV funding<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>monitoring and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">early warning<\/a> exist; response reach is partial<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>civilian deaths on a common basis; access<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>D-01 \u00b7 D-02<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The GRFC mid-year update names the Sudan among the contexts with a risk of famine in 2026 [12].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">HUNGER<\/h3><p>Risk of famine<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">OCHA reports that armed drones caused 80% of civilian deaths in the Sudan between January and April 2026 [3].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">PROTECTION<\/h3><p>Armed drones<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">IDMC reports 9.1 million people in internal displacement in the Sudan at the end of 2025, the largest national number for the third year [7].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">DISPLACEMENT<\/h3><p>Largest internal crisis<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Crisis cards are generated for the major displacement and hunger crises with the regional Baseline Editions. The Sudan card is shown first because its monitoring is published by several issuers.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>How countries appear in the development and humanitarian edition<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Countries enter the development and humanitarian edition through the poverty, services and social-protection chapters of their own national editions, on one card grammar. They are read against peer distributions and thresholds, never ranked.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">How countries appear in the development and humanitarian edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Card field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it shows<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>WEFH+B state<\/td><td>each core system against peer distribution bands<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Couplings<\/td><td>the national dependency matrix<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk objects<\/td><td>the national risk portfolio<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs<\/td><td>the national capability ladder<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence age<\/td><td>oldest and newest source dates<\/td><td>national source register<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Editions in the 2026 Baseline programme<\/h3><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">26<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">national<\/span><p>countries and unions<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">regional<\/span><p>clusters<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">16<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">global<\/span><p>flagship and sector<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">14<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strategic<\/span><p><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> reports<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">frontier<\/span><p>technology reports<\/p><\/div><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">How to read a country card<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Each system is shown against the distribution of its peers, with thresholds where they exist<\/li><li>Couplings and risk objects come from the country\u2019s own national edition<\/li><li>Capability rungs record evidence, not a judgement of institutions<\/li><li>Evidence age is printed, so older national data are visible as such<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">National Baseline Editions in the 2026 programme<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Wave<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Countries and unions<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>W0<\/td><td>Canada<\/td><td>ISSUED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>W1<\/td><td>United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, European Union, Switzerland<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>W2<\/td><td>Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, T\u00fcrkiye, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, South Africa, Senegal, Kenya, African Union, India, China, Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Singapore, Australia<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and each country\u2019s ownership of its national edition is unaffected by its appearance here.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>23 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>DC-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-B0, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SI.POV.DDAY, poverty headcount ratio at USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP), world, low-income and sub-Saharan Africa groups, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNDP and OPHI (eds.), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 (report page with headline findings). United Nations Development Programme, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.DYN.MORT, under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a>, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT, personal remittances received, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.ODA.ODAT.CD, net official development assistance received, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG, GDP per capita growth, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS, prevalence of undernourishment, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-gs-06-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\">Global Development and Humanitarian 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>14 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>46 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: a world at breaking point (December 2025; people in urgent need, drivers, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.famine\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Extreme food deprivation with widespread starvation, acute malnutrition and rising deaths in a population.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">famine<\/a> and Catastrophe counts, civilian fatalities). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Action, Global Humanitarian Overview 2026 landing and at-a-glance pages (requirements and prioritised requirements at launch, plan list, mid-year appeal, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">supply-chain disruption<\/a> note). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Trends in crises and needs: civilians in the line of fire (June 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Mid-Year Review of the Global Humanitarian Overview 2026, Humanitarians in action in 2026: delivering against the odds (people targeted, prioritised and reached; contributions to end-May 2026). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>OCHA (ed.), Financial Tracking Service, public API, funding flows by year (2022 to 2025), queried at access; recent years are incomplete. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>UNHCR (ed.), Refugee Population Statistics Database, public API, global totals 2015 to 2025 (refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returns, stateless people). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>IDMC (ed.), Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026 (full report, May 2026). Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>OECD (ed.), Preliminary official development assistance levels in 2025 (data note, April 2026; text read from the European Commission Knowledge for Policy record of the note, the OECD page returned an access error). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>United Nations (UN DESA, ed.), The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2026 (full report, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025 (data from 2015 to 2026). Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (publication page with headline estimates). Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>WFP (ed.), Global hunger crisis page citing the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises (266 million people in crisis levels of hunger or worse; 70% in fragile or conflict-affected countries). World Food Programme, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Food Security Information Network and Global Network Against Food Crises (eds.), 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, Mid-year update (August 2026). FSIN, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNDP and OPHI (eds.), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2026 (report page with headline findings). United Nations Development Programme, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNCTAD (ed.), A World of Debt 2026: Rising debt costs and stalling development (report page). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SI.POV.DDAY, poverty headcount ratio at USD 3.00 a day (2021 PPP), world, low-income and sub-Saharan Africa groups, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.DYN.MORT, under-5 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">mortality rate<\/a>, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.IMM.IDPT, immunisation DPT, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.STA.MMRT, maternal mortality ratio (modelled estimate), API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.ODA.ODAT.CD, net official development assistance received, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT, personal remittances received, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, DT.DOD.DECT.CD and DT.TDS.DECT.CD, external debt stocks and debt service, low- and middle-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, access to electricity, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS, people using safely managed drinking water services, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, IT.NET.USER.ZS, individuals using the internet, low-income group and world, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG, GDP per capita growth, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS, prevalence of undernourishment, low-income group, API, last updated 2026-10-08. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Cavalcanti, D.M. et al., Evaluating the impact of two decades of USAID interventions and projecting the effects of defunding on mortality up to 2030: a retrospective impact evaluation and forecasting analysis, The Lancet, 2025 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Sibils, G.B. et al., Wealth redistribution policies to mitigate the impact of development assistance defunding: a retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis up to 2030, The Lancet, 2026 (abstract read through Europe PMC). Elsevier. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>CHS Alliance, Group URD and the Sphere Association (eds.), Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability, CHS 2024 version (standard page). CHS Alliance, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>United Nations General Assembly, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, resolution A\/RES\/70\/1 (full text, PDF). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>WHO (ed.), Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care (SSA), method and definitions page; the dashboard counts were not extracted. World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Humanitarian Outcomes (ed.), Aid Worker Security Database, project page and Figures at a Glance 2025 listing (statistics through 2024 announced; the figures themselves were not extracted). Humanitarian Outcomes, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNHCR (ed.), Global Trends: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h57\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 soc.humanitarian.mass-displacement\" data-tk=\"Society, conflict and economy \u00b7 Humanitarian crises\" data-td=\"Large numbers of people forced to leave their homes by conflict, disaster or collapse, straining host areas and services.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H57\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/soc\/\" data-txl=\"Society, conflict and economy\">Forced Displacement<\/a> in 2025 (June 2026); the headline total of about 117.8 million was seen only in search-result summaries and is not used as a figure; the publication pages returned an access error. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (eds.), Levels and Trends in Child Mortality, latest report; no figure is used. UNICEF, New York. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: OCHA (ed.), Humanitarian Reset (2025 to 2026 reform of the humanitarian system), cited from a mention in the opened Mid-Year Review [4]; the OCHA page was not found. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Sphere Association (ed.), The Sphere Handbook: Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response, 2018 edition; the site returned an access error. Sphere, Geneva. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, Outcome document of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development (Seville, 2025), cited from memory; the document pages returned a stub or an error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 to 2030, resolution A\/RES\/69\/283, cited from memory; the document pages returned a stub or an error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations General Assembly, Global Compact on Refugees (2018), cited from memory; the UNHCR page returned an access error. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, Famine Review Committee analysis of the Gaza Governorate (August 2025), cited from the opened OCHA text [1], not from the IPC document. IPC Global Support Unit, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IMF and World Bank (eds.), Debt Sustainability Framework for low-income countries, list of debt-distress ratings; the IMF site returned an access denial. International Monetary Fund, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ILO (ed.), World Social Protection Report 2024 to 2026; the 52.4% coverage figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from the ILO report. International Labour Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNESCO (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/communities\/education-competence-and-training\/\">Education<\/a> Monitoring Report, latest edition; the out-of-school figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from UNESCO. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: World Bank (ed.), International Debt Report 2025; no figure is used. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Zscheischler, J. et al., A typology of compound weather and climate events, Nature Reviews Earth and Environment 1, 333 to 347, 2020, cited from memory. Springer Nature. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-ref-46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: WMO (ed.), State of the Global Climate 2025; the 1.43 \u00b0C figure is taken from the opened SDG Report [9], not from WMO. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>Global Development and Humanitarian Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Global Sector Series GS-06<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the 2027 development and humanitarian edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2027-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-gs-06-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-gs-06-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-SEC-GS-06-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for Global Development and Humanitarian; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Global%20Development%20and%20Humanitarian\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on Global Development and Humanitarian, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on Global Development and Humanitarian for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on Global Development and Humanitarian Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Development and Humanitarian Action Worldwide..&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Global Development and Humanitarian&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Global Sector Report \u00b7 GS-06&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;Global Development and Humanitarian&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Global Sector Report \u00b7 GS-06&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-gs-06-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-gs-06-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>GS-06 edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> Global Development and Humanitarian 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; GS-06 is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on Global Development and Humanitarian.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/gs-06\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.<\/p><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-gs-06-full-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-gs-06-full-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-gs-06-full-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/urban-flood\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Urban flood<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/risk-information-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Risk information standards and interoperability<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/data\/identification-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Identification (the UNI)<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script><style>@media print { @page { margin: 20mm 17mm 20mm 17mm; @top-left { content: \"Nexus Reports\"; font: 500 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @top-right { content: \"Global Development and Humanitarian Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Development and Humanitarian Action Worldwide. \\0000b7  Baseline Edition 2026\"; font: 400 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Sans\", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-left { content: \"NR-SECTOR-DEVELOPMENT-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE \\0000b7  Draft, not released\"; font: 400 7pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-center { content: \"CC BY 4.0. 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