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\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class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">Kenya Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The State of Kenya\u2019s Interdependent Systems<\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">KEN<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">Kenya 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\">The State of Kenya\u2019s Interdependent Systems<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut NQ-KEN-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Kenya <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk and Resilience Report 2026: The State of Kenya\u2019s Interdependent Systems (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. Kenya\u2019s risk runs between its rains and its grid<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Failed rains, grid shortfall and outbreak in the arid counties<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>15 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Kenya enters 2027 as a lower-middle-income economy of 57.5 million people whose electricity system runs mostly on geothermal and hydropower, whose arid counties face acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>, and whose 2024 floods killed 478 people<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>. The national inventory put total greenhouse-gas emissions at 113.36 Mt CO\u2082e in 2022, 16.7% above the 2030 target level of 97.24 Mt<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup>. The second climate contribution, submitted on 30 April 2025, sets a 2035 target of 35% below a business-as-usual level of 215 Mt CO\u2082e, with 80% of the effort conditional on international support<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup>. In the year to June 2026 electricity generation rose 8.44% to 15,692.81 GWh, geothermal supplied 40.91% and imports 12.19%, while system losses were 21.38% against an allowable 16.5%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. Water services reach fewer people than power: 65.6% of people had at least basic drinking water and 40.9% basic sanitation in 2024, and renewable internal freshwater was 381.5 m\u00b3 per person in 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>. About 3.7 million people in the arid and semi-arid counties faced acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3 or worse) in April to June 2026, 32% more than a year earlier<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup>. The 2024 long-rains floods affected 240,603 households and displaced 119,820 in 46 of 47 counties<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>. This Baseline Edition fixes the reference state for Kenya\u2019s water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, maps the couplings through which drought, flood and grid shocks travel, and sets the questions the first operational edition answers with Foundry evidence in Q1 2027. It reads against peer distributions and thresholds, and it decides nothing.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the Kenya baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">113.36 Mt CO\u2082e in 2022, 16.7% above the 2030 target level.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Where do emissions stand?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A 2035 target of 35% below a 215 Mt CO\u2082e business-as-usual level, submitted in April 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What has Kenya committed to?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Generation grew 8.44% and geothermal leads, but losses are 21.38% and imports are 12.19% of supply.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How secure is electricity?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">65.6% have at least basic drinking water and 40.9% basic sanitation.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How sound are water services?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Not in the arid counties: about 3.7 million people face IPC Phase 3 or worse.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is food supply secure?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">478 reported deaths in the 2024 long-rains floods.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What do floods cost in lives?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Threat status is not bound; 13.9% of land is protected.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What is the state of biodiversity?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A failed rainy season, a grid and import shortfall and a disease outbreak in the arid counties. SCN-KEN-DRT-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What does Q1 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Electricity generation rose 8.44% to 15,692.81 GWh in the year to June 2026; geothermal supplied 40.91%, hydro 22.65%, wind 12.31% and imports 12.19%.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-fig1-t\">Electricity generation by source, FY2025\/26 (% of total)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Geothermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">40.91<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Hydro<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"55.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">22.65<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Wind<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"30.1\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">12.31<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Imports<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"29.8\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">12.19<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Thermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"20.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">8.34<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar, utility scale<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"7.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">3.00<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: EPRA Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30 June 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. Off-grid generation (0.58%) is not shown.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">A grid anchored on geothermal and hydropower has low fuel risk and varies with rain for its hydro share. Imports of 1,913.66 GWh, mostly from Ethiopia, add a cross-border dependency. Losses of 21.38% and average outages of 3.23 hours are where the system is thinnest, and curtailment of geothermal energy (392.36 GWh) shows that supply can exceed what the network can carry at some hours<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">57.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>population, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">32.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>urban share of population, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">113.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>total emissions, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>adult HIV prevalence, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">63.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">years<\/span><p>life expectancy at birth, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">47<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">counties<\/span><p>45.8% of employment is in agriculture, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of Kenya\u2019s risk: the grid is growing and mostly renewable, but losses are high, water and sanitation reach fewer people, and food insecurity is concentrated in the arid counties.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people the risk arrives as a failed harvest, a power cut, a water interruption or a flood.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Public debt is 71.3% of GDP in 2025 and the World Bank assesses a high risk of debt distress.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Kenya publishes strong open energy statistics and a reviewed national inventory.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the state of Kenya\u2019s water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in 2026, the dependencies that connect them, the risks that travel through them and the capabilities that hold them. It sets out the questions the operational series will answer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a national <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a>, an official warning or a rating. It decides nothing about any institution or asset. Competent authorities keep every mandate they hold, and national ownership of the series is unaffected.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>Q1 2027 opens the operational series with a sealed Foundry evidence cut. Each later edition reports what changed against this baseline, new observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPopulation, total\u201d (SP.POP.TOTL), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cUrban population (% of total population)\u201d (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cs-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cEmployment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modelled ILO estimate)\u201d (SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Kenya\u2019s risk runs between its rains and its grid<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It assesses no authority and ranks no county.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>17 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is Kenya\u2019s risk concentrated, and in which <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry shocks from one system to the next?<\/li><li>Which capabilities hold under compound stress, and which are only documented?<\/li><li>What must the 2027 programme measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Five system chapters<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Kenya is a lower-middle-income economy of 57.5 million people, 32.2% of them in towns, and 45.8% of its workers are employed in agriculture<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline reads its exposure as three forces acting together: rainfall that swings between flood and drought, an electricity system that depends on geothermal and hydropower plus imports, and a large rural and arid population with thin buffers.<\/p><p>The grid has grown. Generation rose 8.44% to 15,692.81 GWh in the year to June 2026, up from 12,652.74 GWh in FY2021\/22, and geothermal supplied 40.91%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup>. Imports supplied 12.19%, most of them from Ethiopia, and system losses were 21.38% against an allowable 16.5%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. The second climate contribution sets a 2035 target of 35% below a business-as-usual level of 215 Mt CO\u2082e<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Water and sanitation are the thinner services. In 2024, 65.6% of people had at least basic drinking water and 40.9% had basic sanitation, and renewable internal freshwater was 381.5 m\u00b3 per person in 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>. Two measures of water stress disagree in level because they use different bases: withdrawals were 19.5% of internal resources in 2022 and 11% of renewable resources after environmental flows in 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The climate layer adds loss of life. The 2024 long-rains floods caused 478 reported deaths and displaced 119,820 households across 46 of 47 counties, many of them the counties hit by the 2021\u20132023 drought<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>. Kenya\u2019s transparency report states that droughts have doubled in frequency since 2005 and that 70% of natural disasters are climate-related<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Food supply is mixed. Maize output rose to 45.8 million bags in 2025, yet about 3.7 million people in the arid counties faced IPC Phase 3 or worse in April to June 2026, and three counties held about 65% of those in Phase 4<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup>. Maize retail prices were 15% higher than a year earlier in February 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>This edition therefore reads Kenya\u2019s risk as a property of the couplings between rain, food, health and the grid. The matrix, risk objects, capability ladder and scenario that follow ask the same two questions: where does a shock travel next, and who holds the capability to stop it?<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig1-t\">Where does Kenya\u2019s electricity come from? Generation by source, FY2025\/26 (GWh)<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Geothermal supplied 6,420.51 GWh of 15,692.81 GWh. Hydro, wind and solar together supplied about 5,957 GWh (ESTIMATED arithmetic). Imports of 1,913.66 GWh were 12.19% of supply, and Ethiopia supplied 1,577.66 GWh of them<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Geothermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">6420.51<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Hydro<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"55.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">3554.31<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Wind<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"30.1\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">1931.72<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Imports<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"29.8\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">1913.66<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Thermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"20.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">1309.42<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar, utility scale<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"7.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">471.4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2026.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">6,420.51<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">GWh<\/span><p>geothermal generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3,554.31<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">GWh<\/span><p>hydro generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">12.19<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>imports in the supply mix<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">392.36<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">GWh<\/span><p>geothermal energy curtailed<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The Kenya matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the starting graph that the Q1 2027 Foundry cut will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"rZfdjto4FIBfxcp1MImTMKQCpKmWblfddjTdkebaE5vEwtiR7WxKX6z3fbLKMUzCXwYGblAER5zvHL5zbCYlNgXIONZ66glVDijJqQcINnhQT73\/nr4\/fPvbA2TqfQ3vAhj40RgG4BHFdzD2RxFMAEoTmPghSiHygDZKLumgZsQUUw\/BxJtNDDOczp6xoQoYCeaCqnz9AejmqyEo1kTJUtZUgd+\/QCYlZyIHcgFMQdUKc1ByLIyeDN33TIaWeDZ5P3fgh3ECA2CfRz66G8HxWeCfpCQttsJMDBaUgEzJUlv0EmtTKWofmVIsx4ZJcRvscJTC2LevY5AiGF9A\/ZliboqWmygmlrbDdRNhW15IThW+jPTrw1\/z7\/dP8yOsKIRjPwwieAfi+JQaIURHYD8ySdj\/VGlm1h\/AapMDAsUWBnC8pE2ja2o4FqR5VjYcLLis9TUFdCQGjygcQ7SpoK2stwIntS2hqaXLXlar0vb79y9gFMVmRYW5HWqaQOSjMIB3fT6fYHVGt6gLqgzjTFMF2KqUyriJ5ARkBWbiGrN7291wRwlMeuQ+UcJW704ROGOcmTXo7JRtBTdjdlo0Y3mu5C3zKcuzAqtMYg6wIGBRUV5LSQChKyzIVeStGI58tFklZ8ptNTmqds1MQRSuMW9mUVRGMXrxrn6e3385AorisW1xmsCo74wJX98gWBdYKbyeehGID+i35049v\/8CwQvOsdbNsn5hcoW1BroqS75+\/8I+aHPgR0EIR2du7C3n\/sJuumoHzrJWglAlZKWYLi5fJKdpUYPYjOBpnY\/R7rq8ZbbrGWRSNB848lzhn0zk71Wj7SF4TKPXM7zH4Le8cH3ueO3EqKVaLqTK6C1ILV7s29fkKodb1l2L3wm7ux72gQMfJaj\/frSzHlq4\/fOE4xdZNSuYME2xvklP4xiONydez+Y9v6O7Bru+KqoZqegVl84WDTymCI7cXfm0rt3Z6hJ1\/NwOV4ZN1gy\/uwDRvOJ4ux8WjBt19fHchXfI49QK0WNwV4h9\/q2znZOuLWEh1d5fgM0+vlkBo9QeeG4Gz1R6v4J9sUvJOROvXVdY5JRfeUrvGbM9+s68Ee0TH96LfkoppHY3aL2Sy4NhzLukQhLqzSYZUxmnIPsx9RoRPJDZQWoEVlMPjbzhbGLoDwPaiPXUi5F9sO8PsMgKqabeihHCqTd7vn+aDO0ns8kwfzNpo5xLuvHuIOsmxEZEkY04mnb+bX5JWuuJS7tp\/WFaF2IjxoGNOJr208PDBWntb92f1UW8kfTzv5e02HrX32EX8UaDP\/7TrfQP\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">hydropower \u00b7 cooling of thermal plants<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">rain-fed crops \u00b7 pasture \u00b7 irrigation<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">drinking water \u00b7 cholera<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">rift lakes \u00b7 wetlands \u00b7 river flows<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pumping \u00b7 treatment<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fertiliser import \u00b7 cold chain \u00b7 irrigation<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">facility power \u00b7 cold chain<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">charcoal and fuelwood demand<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">withdrawals \u00b7 nutrients<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">bagasse \u00b7 biomass supply<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">nutrition \u00b7 undernourishment<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land conversion \u00b7 grazing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">labour \u00b7 disease<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">residues<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">catchments \u00b7 regulation \u00b7 filtration<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">catchments for hydropower \u00b7 biomass<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pollination \u00b7 rangeland<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">zoonoses \u00b7 smoke<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 FOO \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">A failed rainy season raises food prices and acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a>, and health services take the load.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> arid counties 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Heavy rain destroys water sources, roads and health facilities.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> 2024 long-rains floods<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 ENE<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Low rainfall cuts hydro output and raises reliance on thermal and imports.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> hydro 22.65% of FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 WAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Power loss interrupts pumping and treatment, and exposure to waterborne disease rises.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> losses and outages<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 cholera<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Repeated disasters raise fiscal pressure in a country at high risk of debt distress.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> debt and floods<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPopulation, total\u201d (SP.POP.TOTL), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cUrban population (% of total population)\u201d (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cEmployment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modelled ILO estimate)\u201d (SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the Financial Year ended 30th June 2022. EPRA, Nairobi, 2022, observation year FY2021\/22, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAnnual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)\u201d (ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UN-Water (ed.), SDG 6 Data Portal, Kenya country snapshot (6.2.1a safely managed sanitation 2024; 6.4.2 water stress 2023; 6.5.1 IWRM implementation 2023). UN-Water, Geneva, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c1-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), Kenya: Overview, country page (poverty 43.3% at $3.00 a day in 2025, public debt 70.6% of GDP, high risk of debt distress). World Bank, Washington DC, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the baseline. They are grouped by system, never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>18 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Electricity generation rose 8.44% to 15,692.81 GWh in the year to June 2026; geothermal supplied 40.91%, hydro 22.65%, wind 12.31% and imports 12.19%.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-fig1-t\">Electricity generation by source, FY2025\/26 (% of total)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Geothermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">40.91<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Hydro<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"55.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">22.65<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Wind<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"30.1\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">12.31<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Imports<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"29.8\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">12.19<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Thermal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"20.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">8.34<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar, utility scale<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"7.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">3.00<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: EPRA Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30 June 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. Off-grid generation (0.58%) is not shown.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">A grid anchored on geothermal and hydropower has low fuel risk and varies with rain for its hydro share. Imports of 1,913.66 GWh, mostly from Ethiopia, add a cross-border dependency. Losses of 21.38% and average outages of 3.23 hours are where the system is thinnest, and curtailment of geothermal energy (392.36 GWh) shows that supply can exceed what the network can carry at some hours<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">The first operating year of the 2026 electricity market regulations, hydro output in the 2026 short rains, import contract volumes and the loss trend would each move this finding<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Climate forcing<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Total greenhouse-gas emissions were 113.36 Mt CO\u2082e in 2022, 16.7% above the 2030 target level of 97.24 Mt; agriculture, forestry and other land use made up 73% of emissions.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The second climate contribution, submitted on 30 April 2025, sets a 2035 target of 35% below a business-as-usual level of 215 Mt CO\u2082e, with 20% of the cut from domestic resources and 80% conditional on support.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-011\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-CLI-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The 2024 long-rains floods caused 478 reported deaths, affected 240,603 households and displaced 119,820 in 46 of 47 counties, many of them the same counties hit by the 2021\u20132023 drought.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Energy<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Electricity generation rose 8.44% to 15,692.81 GWh in the year to June 2026; geothermal supplied 40.91%, hydro 22.65%, wind 12.31% and imports 12.19%, and peak demand reached 2,514.28 MW.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">System losses were 21.38% in the year to June 2026 against an allowable 16.5%, average outage length rose to 3.23 hours, and 392.36 GWh of geothermal energy was curtailed.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Water<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2024, 65.6% of people had at least basic drinking water and 40.9% basic sanitation; renewable internal freshwater was 381.5 m\u00b3 per person in 2022.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Food<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">About 3.7 million people in the arid and semi-arid counties faced IPC Phase 3 or worse in April to June 2026, 32% more than a year earlier, and about 545,000 were in Phase 4.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Agriculture growth slowed to 3.1% in 2025 from 4.4% in 2024, and maize output rose to 45.8 million bags from 44.8 million after above-average long rains and below-average short rains.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-008\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Life expectancy at birth was 63.8 years in 2024, adult HIV prevalence 3.0%, under-five mortality 38.8 per 1,000 live births and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h38\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vector-borne.malaria-resurgence\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vector-borne infection\" data-td=\"Rising malaria transmission after climate shifts, conflict, funding gaps or drug and insecticide resistance.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H38\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">malaria<\/a> incidence 74.2 per 1,000 people at risk.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">By early June 2026 Kenya reported 1,141 cumulative mpox cases with 19 deaths, a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h36\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vaccine-preventable.measles-outbreak\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vaccine-preventable outbreaks\" data-td=\"Spread of the highly contagious measles virus among under-vaccinated groups, with complications and deaths in children.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H36\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">measles outbreak<\/a> of 445 cases and a dengue event of 1,269 cases in Garissa.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.7<\/span><span>Biodiversity<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Forest area was 6.6% of land in 2024 on the World Bank series, and the national measure rose from 6.99% in 2010 to 8.83% in 2021; terrestrial protected areas covered 13.9% of land and marine areas 0.7% in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.8<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is a failed rainy season in the arid counties with a grid and import shortfall and a disease outbreak on top. \u00a79.3<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: country assessment.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201c<a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Mortality rate<\/a>, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)\u201d (SH.DYN.MORT), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cIncidence of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h38\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vector-borne.malaria-resurgence\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vector-borne infection\" data-td=\"Rising malaria transmission after climate shifts, conflict, funding gaps or drug and insecticide resistance.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H38\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">malaria<\/a> (per 1,000 population at risk)\u201d (SH.MLR.INCD.P3), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cForest area (% of land area)\u201d (AG.LND.FRST.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c2-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cMarine protected areas (% of territorial waters)\u201d (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>15 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WAT \u00b7 Water<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People with at least basic drinking water<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">65.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Basic sanitation reaches 40.9%. Renewable internal freshwater was 381.5 m\u00b3 per person in 2022.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">ENE \u00b7 Energy<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Geothermal share of electricity generation<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">40.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Hydro supplied 22.65% and imports 12.19%. Peak demand reached 2,514.28 MW on 29 June 2026.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>FY2025\/26<\/span><span>EPRA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FOO \u00b7 Food<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People in IPC Phase 3 or worse, arid counties<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Up 32% on a year earlier. About 545,000 were in Phase 4, Emergency.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>Apr to Jun 2026<\/span><span>FAO and WHO<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HLT \u00b7 Health<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Life expectancy at birth<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">63.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">years<\/span><p>Adult HIV prevalence was 3.0% and under-five mortality 38.8 per 1,000 live births.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">BIO \u00b7 Biodiversity<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Ecosystem threat status, national<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">Not bound<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\"><\/span><p>Source: national biodiversity assessment or IUCN country records. Blocker: not retrieved at evidence close. Terrestrial protected areas covered 13.9% of land in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span><span>n\/a<\/span><span>not bound<\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SYS \u00b7 Cross-system<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Deaths in the 2024 long-rains floods<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">478<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">deaths<\/span><p>The rains affected 240,603 households in 46 of 47 counties. Counts differ by source and date.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>IFRC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read in words, not scored. The coupling column names the dependency that carries risk into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>About two in three people have basic drinking water and two in five basic sanitation; renewable freshwater per person is low.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT \u2192 HLT \u00b7 WAT \u2194 ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Geothermal and hydro lead generation; imports 12.19%; losses 21.38%.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Maize output up in 2025; 3.7 million people in IPC Phase 3 or worse in the arid counties.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO \u2190 CLI, ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>Life expectancy 63.8 years; mpox, measles, dengue and cholera events in 2026.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT \u2190 WAT, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Protected areas cover 13.9% of land; threat status not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO \u2194 WAT, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td>Deadly floods in 2024 after a prolonged 2021\u20132023 drought.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">forcing on all systems<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>Grid losses and long outages; roads and water sources cut in floods.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Public debt 71.3% of GDP in 2025 and high risk of debt distress; flood loss and insured share not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2190 CLI, ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Digital dependencies of lifelines not mapped at public-safe resolution.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 ENE, FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>Data-centre and compute demand on power and water not bound in this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>Mining linkages to power and water not bound in this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>Petroleum products and electricity are imported; food and fertiliser trade not bound in this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 ENE, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen sectors are screened on the same grammar, so that later editions can say what changed. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>compound drought, grid and outbreak stress<\/td><td>arid-county failed season with import shortfall<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>65.6% basic drinking water<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>service gaps; storage<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>geothermal 40.91% of generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>hydro swings; losses; imports<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food<\/td><td>3.7 million in IPC Phase 3 or worse<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>rainfall; input costs; prices<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health<\/td><td>life expectancy 63.8 years<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>outbreak load; service continuity<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance<\/td><td>public debt 71.3% of GDP<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>flood loss; insured share not bound<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development<\/td><td>43.3% poverty at $3.00 a day<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>service delivery gaps<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate<\/td><td>2035 target submitted<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h4\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.precipitation.heavy-rain\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Precipitation extremes\" data-td=\"Rain falling fast or long enough to overwhelm drainage, soils and streams and to trigger floods and slope failures.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H4\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">extreme rain<\/a> and drought<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster<\/td><td>478 deaths in 2024 floods<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>warning to response chain<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure<\/td><td>system losses 21.38%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>distribution losses; outages<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities<\/td><td>32.2% urban share<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>urban water and power demand<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>13.9% of land protected<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>threat status not bound<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth observation<\/td><td>not reviewed<\/td><td>continuity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and digital<\/td><td>dependencies not yet mapped<\/td><td>systemic outages<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy<\/td><td>national climate action plan 2023\u20132027<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>coordination between national and county levels<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science<\/td><td>first transparency report reviewed by the UN<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>translation to counties<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201c<a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Mortality rate<\/a>, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)\u201d (SH.DYN.MORT), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), World Economic Outlook DataMapper series NGDP_RPCH, PCPIPCH and GGXWDG_NGDP, Kenya, observation years 2023\u20132027. IMF, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), Kenya: Overview, country page (poverty 43.3% at $3.00 a day in 2025, public debt 70.6% of GDP, high risk of debt distress). World Bank, Washington DC, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cUrban population (% of total population)\u201d (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>Government of Kenya (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Action Plan (NCCAP) III 2023\u20132027, read through the summary record of the Climate Change Laws of the World database (Grantham Research Institute); the plan itself was not opened. Nairobi, 2023, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c3-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>3 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>7 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-KEN-CLI-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Heavy-rain flooding across many counties<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>enhanced long rains \u00b7 cut-off events<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>river corridors, informal settlements, roads, water sources<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>46 of 47 counties affected in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>flood warnings issued earlier; county plans in six counties<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 INF, WAT, HLT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>annual<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-KEN-FOO-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Failed rains and acute food insecurity in the arid counties<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>below-average short rains \u00b7 high prices \u00b7 reduced aid<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>pastoral and agro-pastoral households in the arid counties<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>3.7 million in IPC Phase 3 or worse<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>cash transfers for drought response reported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>FOO \u2192 HLT, displacement, conflict over resources<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-KEN-ENE-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Supply shortfall and loss-heavy distribution<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>hydro swings \u00b7 import dependence \u00b7 demand growth<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>water works, clinics, industry, households<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>losses 21.38% \u00b7 outages 3.23 hours average<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>3,082 MW effective interconnected capacity against a 2,514.28 MW peak<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>ENE \u2192 WAT, HLT, FIN<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-KEN-HLT-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Concurrent outbreaks in a stretched health system<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>mpox \u00b7 measles \u00b7 cholera \u00b7 dengue \u00b7 cross-border Ebola threat<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>north-east counties, refugee camps, Nairobi and coastal counties<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>basic sanitation reaches 40.9%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>national public health institute leads preparedness<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>HLT \u2192 FOO, WAT workforce<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>annual<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: building, land-use and drainage records \u00b7 blocker: not reviewed by evidence close<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>the regulator publishes annual and biannual energy statistics; a weekly health emergency report is issued<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>Kenya reports earlier flood warnings and use of seasonal forecasts; performance is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>the national climate action plan 2023\u20132027 sets priority actions; its use is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: grain, fuel and water reserve data \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: National Disaster Operations Centre after-action records \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>effective interconnected capacity is above peak demand, but outages averaged 3.23 hours<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: reconstruction records after the 2024 floods \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>the national climate action plan covers eight priority areas; delivery is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>cash transfers for drought shock response are reported; coverage is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>a national agricultural insurance policy is reported; uptake is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>a climate directorate coordinates, with county governments planning and budgeting; function is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>interconnected capacity of 3,263.02 MW installed and 3,082.00 MW effective<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: health, water and power workforce registers \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>ADEQUATE<\/td><td>a national inventory for 1990\u20132022 was submitted and reviewed under the UN process<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c4-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>Government of Kenya (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Action Plan (NCCAP) III 2023\u20132027, read through the summary record of the Climate Change Laws of the World database (Grantham Research Institute); the plan itself was not opened. Nairobi, 2023, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c4-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Failed rains, grid shortfall and outbreak in the arid counties<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>3 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>5 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>a below-average rainy season in the arid counties, a hydro and import shortfall of several weeks, and a disease outbreak in an already stretched area<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>arid-county IPC Phase 3 or worse, April to June 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup>; 2024 floods<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>; 2026 outbreaks<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled; the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified Foundry run scheduled for Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">failed rains cut pasture and crop output; prices rise<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">GIEWS evidence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FOO \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a> raises demand for nutrition and health services<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">IPC and WHO evidence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 ENE<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">low rainfall reduces hydro output; thermal and imports fill the gap<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">EPRA generation mix<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pumping and treatment lose power where backup is thin<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">losses and outages<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">supply gaps and sanitation limits raise exposure to waterborne disease<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">basic services and cholera<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">outbreak response competes with food and cash support for the same staff<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">WHO weekly report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01 would travel through Kenya&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Climate to food<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Failed rains cut pasture and crop output; prices rise. Analogue or source: GIEWS evidence [32].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Food to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a> raises demand for nutrition and health services. Analogue or source: IPC and WHO evidence [32] [33].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Water to energy<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Low rainfall reduces hydro output; thermal and imports fill the gap. Analogue or source: EPRA generation mix [25].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Energy to water<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Pumping and treatment lose power where backup is thin. Analogue or source: losses and outages [25].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Water to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Supply gaps and sanitation limits raise exposure to waterborne disease. Analogue or source: basic services and cholera [10] [33].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Health to food<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Outbreak response competes with food and cash support for the same staff. Analogue or source: WHO weekly report [33].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition KEN, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01, step 6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Kenya 2026, scenario SCN-KEN-DRT-01<\/a> (2026); Kenya 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c5-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c5-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>13 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>32 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of Kenya\u2019s risk: the grid is growing and mostly renewable, but losses are high, water and sanitation reach fewer people, and food insecurity is concentrated in the arid counties. Evidence is strongest for the grid and the inventory, and thinnest for ecosystems and recovery capability.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-001 \u00b7 ENE-003 \u00b7 FOO-006 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people the risk arrives as a failed harvest, a power cut, a water interruption or a flood. The baseline asks that public debate weigh how losses and food prices fall on households and counties.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">ENE-004 \u00b7 FOO-006 \u00b7 CLI-011<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Public debt is 71.3% of GDP in 2025 and the World Bank assesses a high risk of debt distress<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an endorsement.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-002 \u00b7 CLI-011<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Kenya publishes strong open energy statistics and a reviewed national inventory. The 2027 programme should map grid and water dependencies, test the drought, grid and outbreak pathway at county scale, and bind the missing biodiversity, loss and household-survey series.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 A-01 \u00b7 A-02<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for Kenya. The standards are preparatory working drafts (October 2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability have been developed?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests reveal?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What did the year establish, and what changes next?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kenya<\/td><td>national pathway: Desk, Leadership Council, Consortium, Working Groups<\/td><td>national Commons room<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. National adoption of any standard is a decision of the national standards council.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Geothermal supplies two-fifths of Kenya\u2019s electricity, and wind, hydro and solar add more. The baseline treats this as a strength and asks what the 21.38% loss rate and the import share mean for resilience.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>A grid built on heat from the ground<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Acute food insecurity, outbreaks and drought concentrate in a few north-eastern counties. Every risk object in this edition is read through how a failed season cascades there.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>The arid counties carry the risk<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The 2024 floods hit many of the counties that the 2021\u20132023 drought had already weakened. Compound exposure, not single events, is the unit of analysis.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>Floods follow drought<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Eighty percent of the 2035 cut is conditional on international support, and the 2035 level is higher than the 2030 level. The baseline reports this plainly and judges neither.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>A target that depends on support<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from working groups, consortium institutions and invited experts begin with the Q1 2027 edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: q1 2027 readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the first operational quarter. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Q1 2027 readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First Q1 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>National risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 7 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>NWG delivery register<\/td><td>no groups yet<\/td><td>first monthly outputs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>NNC capability register<\/td><td>membership opens in Q1 2027<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>NLC questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>environment prepared<\/td><td>first sealed cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first correction cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no public authority.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ADOPTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SUBMITTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">UNDER REVIEW<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n52\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r52\" aria-label=\"Note 52\">52<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 second NDC, 35% below BAU in 2035<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNFCCC \u00b7 Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>SUBMITTED 2025<\/td><td>emissions target<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Act 2016, as amended in 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>climate governance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>carbon markets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy Act, 2019<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>energy regulation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy (Electricity Market, Bulk Supply and Open Access) Regulations, 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya \u00b7 EPRA<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2026<\/td><td>electricity market<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water Act, 2016<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>water resources<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sustainable Waste Management Act, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>REPORTED POLICY<\/td><td>waste<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wildlife Conservation and Management Act, 2013<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>wildlife<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kunming-Montreal Framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n51\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r51\" aria-label=\"Note 51\">51<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CBD<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2022<\/td><td>30by30<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> 2015\u20132030<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n50\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNDRR<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">risk reduction<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Kenya submitted its second NDC on 30 April 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The carbon markets regulations took effect in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>EPRA reports electricity market regulations for 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Implementation of the 2035 target and its conditional share<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The first operating year of the electricity market regulations<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Status of the Climate Change Act amendment and carbon-market rules, not verified at evidence close<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. A change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers peer-reviewed science, national and international assessments and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Full systematic reviews begin in Q1 2027 for each agenda item.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about Kenya\u2019s coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity risks?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>peer-reviewed literature; national and international assessments; official releases; industry loss data<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items A-01 to A-05 in Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Science and assessments<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>IPCC Working Group II, Africa chapter<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n48\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r48\" aria-label=\"Note 48\">48<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment chapter<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>African impacts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rapid analysis of the late-2023 Horn of Africa rains<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n47\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r47\" aria-label=\"Note 47\">47<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>attribution study<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>rainfall extremes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Climate Action Tracker assessments<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>independent assessment<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>target analysis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical expert review of the first transparency report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN review<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>inventory and target<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Institutional reports<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>National climate action plan 2023\u20132027, summary record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya via record<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>listed<\/td><td>priority areas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Second climate contribution 2031\u20132035<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of Kenya<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>listed<\/td><td>target text<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Country Climate and Development Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n49\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r49\" aria-label=\"Note 49\">49<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>listed<\/td><td>pathways<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy profile for Kenya<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IRENA<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>energy supply<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Official statistics and national sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EPRA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>grid<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Crop monitoring brief<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FAO GIEWS<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>food<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Weekly situation report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>WHO Regional Office for Africa<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>health emergencies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Agriculture survey, May 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Central Bank of Kenya<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>agriculture output<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Census 2019 and Economic Survey 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>KNBS<\/td><td>2019 \u00b7 2026<\/td><td>listed<\/td><td>not opened<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Industry, loss data and international sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Network annual report 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IFRC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>floods<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>World Bank indicator series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>2022\u20132025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>profile and services<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Country series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IMF<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>macro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SDG 6 country data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN-Water<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>water stress and sanitation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Geothermal is the largest single source of Kenyan electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Agriculture is the largest driver of land-use emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The arid and semi-arid counties are where acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a> concentrates<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>How many deaths the 2024 floods caused: counts differ by source and date<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How to compare water stress: two series give 19.5% and 11% on different bases<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How the 2035 target compares with the 2030 level: the two rest on different business-as-usual paths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEWS AND PREPRINTS<\/p><p>No news report or preprint binds a finding in this edition. News is used only to date events; preprints used from Q1 2027 will be flagged as not peer-reviewed.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), Kenya: Overview, country page (poverty 43.3% at $3.00 a day in 2025, public debt 70.6% of GDP, high risk of debt distress). World Bank, Washington DC, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), World Economic Outlook DataMapper series NGDP_RPCH, PCPIPCH and GGXWDG_NGDP, Kenya, observation years 2023\u20132027. IMF, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n52\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">52<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNFCCC (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a>. United Nations, Paris, 2015. From memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r52\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 52\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Act, 2016, as amended in 2023. Nairobi. Title and status from memory and search summaries; check the text and the Kenya Gazette.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024, Legal Notice 84. Nairobi, 2024. Title and effect from search summaries; the page returned no text.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the Financial Year ended 30th June 2022. EPRA, Nairobi, 2022, observation year FY2021\/22, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Water Act, 2016. Nairobi, 2016. Title and status from memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Wildlife Conservation and Management Act, 2013. Nairobi, 2013. Title and status from memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n51\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">51<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. From memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r51\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 51\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. From memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r50\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 50\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: C. H. Trisos, I. O. Adelekan, E. Totin et al., \u201cAfrica,\u201d in Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press, 2022. From memory.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r48\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 48\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Imperial College London and partners (World Weather Attribution), rapid analysis of the late-2023 rains in the Horn of Africa. December 2023. Taken from a search result summary.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r47\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 47\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: country assessment.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>Government of Kenya (ed.), National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) III 2023\u20132027, read through the summary record of the Climate Change Laws of the World database (Grantham Research Institute); the plan itself was not opened. Nairobi, 2023, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Kenya\u2019s Second Nationally Determined Contribution (2031\u20132035). Submission to the UNFCCC, 30 April 2025. Title from a database record; target figures are read through [27] and [29].<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: World Bank (ed.), Kenya Country Climate and Development Report. World Bank Group, Washington DC; year not confirmed. The page was reached only as a catalogue listing.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r49\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 49\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Energy Profile: Kenya. IRENA, Abu Dhabi, September 2025, observation years 2017\u20132024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (ed.), 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census. KNBS, Nairobi, 2019. The site did not respond at evidence close; no census figure is used in this edition.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (ed.), Economic Survey 2026. KNBS, Nairobi, April 2026. Figures attributed to it are read through the Central Bank of Kenya survey [34].<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPopulation, total\u201d (SP.POP.TOTL), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)\u201d (EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3), Kenya, observation year 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), Kenya and the IMF, country page (last Article IV Executive Board consultation 17 January 2024; outstanding purchases and loans SDR 2,803.76 million at 31 March 2026). IMF, Washington DC, observation year 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UN-Water (ed.), SDG 6 Data Portal, Kenya country snapshot (6.2.1a safely managed sanitation 2024; 6.4.2 water stress 2023; 6.5.1 IWRM implementation 2023). UN-Water, Geneva, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (ed.), Eastern Africa: Heavy rains and flooding, Flash Update 4, 30 May 2024. OCHA, Geneva, 2024. Figure of 315 deaths at 29 May 2024 taken from a search result summary; the page returned an access error.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c6-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAnnual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)\u201d (ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 National Agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due at the Q1 2027 cut.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How would a failed rainy season in the arid counties spread through food prices, health services and displacement, and how long would recovery take?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-FOO-01 \u00b7 arid-county compound stress; first output: dependency graph for three counties.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How exposed is power supply to hydrological swings, import contracts and curtailment of geothermal energy?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-ENE-02 \u00b7 grid exposure; first output: supply-mix and import table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where do distribution losses fall, and what do they cost in energy?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-ENE-03 \u00b7 system losses; first output: loss-by-region table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where do water and sanitation gaps overlap with outbreak counties?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-WAT-04 \u00b7 service gaps and outbreaks; first output: county-by-county register.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where do flood losses fall on households, counties and the national budget?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-FIN-05 \u00b7 flood <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a>; first output: peril-by-county loss table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How do river basins and reservoirs perform under multi-year drought?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-KEN-WAT-01 \u00b7 workstream; first output: basin performance note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What is the condition of the ecosystems that supply water and energy, and how is it changing?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in Q1 2027; first output: scoping note on catchments and rangelands.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which capabilities have been tested in real disasters, and which are only planned?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">National capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Five initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for admission at the Q1 2027 alignment. They are programme objects, no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-KEN-FOO-01<\/span><\/td><td>Arid-county compound stress<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-KEN-ENE-02<\/span><\/td><td>Grid exposure and imports<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-KEN-ENE-03<\/span><\/td><td>System losses<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-KEN-WAT-04<\/span><\/td><td>Service gaps and outbreaks<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-KEN-FIN-05<\/span><\/td><td>Flood <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PRJ-KEN-FOO-01a<\/span><\/td><td>Three-county dependency graph<\/td><td>Project<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-KEN-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Drought, grid and outbreak Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Kenya is the national pathway through which the Nexus operating system will run in Kenya from 2027. At baseline the pathway is designed and its records are prepared; its councils and working groups are constituted from Q1 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next, nothing more.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">One National Agenda<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">bounded national questions for the year<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">DRAFT 2027 \u00b7 agenda review at the Q1 alignment<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Desk<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">coordination, records, routing and continuity<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">DESIGNED \u00b7 constituted in Q1 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Model<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">the country as a system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">v0 SPECIFIED \u00b7 v1 with the first Foundry cut<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Portfolio<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">risks, capabilities, initiatives, projects, missions<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">7 PROPOSED \u00b7 admission at the Q1 alignment<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Foundry<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">continuous computational environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PREPARED \u00b7 first sealed cut NQ-KEN-2027-Q1<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Reports<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">quarterly and annual publication<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE ISSUED \u00b7 Q1 2027 \u00b7 State &amp; Agenda<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 mandate set in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">after-action, correction and renewal<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first correction cycle in Q2 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027, evidence pack for the candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027, evidence pack for the candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>Q4 2027 annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-KEN-2027-01 \u00b7 Drought, grid and outbreak Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor (NLC) \u00b7 Institutional anchor (NNC) \u00b7 Mission lead (NWG)<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CLI-001 \u00b7 emissions<\/td><td>public record<\/td><td>reference for the 2027 series<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-003 \u00b7 generation mix<\/td><td>INI-KEN-ENE-02<\/td><td>grid exposure<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-004 \u00b7 losses<\/td><td>INI-KEN-ENE-03<\/td><td>loss and energy<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-005 \u00b7 services<\/td><td>INI-KEN-WAT-04<\/td><td>service gaps and outbreaks<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FOO-006 \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a><\/td><td>INI-KEN-FOO-01<\/td><td>arid-county stress<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CLI-011 \u00b7 floods<\/td><td>INI-KEN-FIN-05 \u00b7 key F review<\/td><td>flood <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HLT-009 \u00b7 outbreaks<\/td><td>research question A-04<\/td><td>service continuity<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-KEN-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the national pathway<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. Competent authorities receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from Q1 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Weather warnings and rainfall<\/td><td>Kenya Meteorological Department<\/td><td>daily<\/td><td>CLI findings<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">early warning<\/a> bulletins<\/td><td>National Drought Management Authority<\/td><td>monthly<\/td><td>FOO-006<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy and petroleum statistics<\/td><td>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority<\/td><td>annual and biannual<\/td><td>ENE-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food security analysis<\/td><td>IPC and FAO GIEWS<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>FOO-006<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Weekly emergency situation report<\/td><td>WHO Regional Office for Africa and Ministry of Health<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>HLT-009<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Price and agriculture surveys<\/td><td>Central Bank of Kenya<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>FOO-007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population and economic statistics<\/td><td>Kenya National Bureau of Statistics<\/td><td>per release<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">quarterly publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-KEN-001<\/td><td>Generation up 8.44% with a new peak demand<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>ENE \u00b7 FIN<\/td><td>risk object RSK-KEN-ENE-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-KEN-002<\/td><td>3.7 million in IPC Phase 3 or worse in the arid counties<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>FOO \u00b7 HLT<\/td><td>initiative A-01<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-KEN-003<\/td><td>Concurrent outbreaks reported in June 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>HLT \u00b7 WAT<\/td><td>initiative A-04<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c7-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c7-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>22 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Water, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Water and sanitation reach fewer people than electricity does, and renewable freshwater per person is low.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">65.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>basic drinking water, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">40.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>basic sanitation, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">381.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">m\u00b3<\/span><p>renewable freshwater per person, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Drinking water<\/td><td>65.6% of people with at least basic service<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sanitation<\/td><td>40.9% basic; 36% safely managed<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Freshwater<\/td><td>381.5 m\u00b3 per person; withdrawals 19.5% of internal resources<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water stress<\/td><td>11% of renewable resources after environmental flows, 2023<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reservoir and river storage<\/td><td>storage and flow not bound<\/td><td>Water Resources Authority<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 WAT pumping and treatment<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 HLT drinking water and cholera<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 WAT drought and flood<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 ENE hydropower<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>reservoir and river storage<\/li><li>utility performance and water loss<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Storage at the end of the short rains, cholera events in the north-east and utility loss reports.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Water services rest with national and county authorities and utilities; this chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Energy, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Geothermal leads a grid that grew 8.44% in a year, but losses are high and imports supply 12.19%.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">15,692.81<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">GWh<\/span><p>generation, FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2,514.28<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">MW<\/span><p>peak demand, 29 June 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">21.38<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>system losses<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Generation mix<\/td><td>geothermal 40.91%, hydro 22.65%, wind 12.31%, imports 12.19%<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capacity<\/td><td>3,263.02 MW installed and 3,082.00 MW effective, interconnected<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Losses and outages<\/td><td>21.38% losses; 3.23 hours average outage<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Access<\/td><td>77% of people with electricity; 32% with clean cooking, 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reservoir storage<\/td><td>hydro storage not bound<\/td><td>KenGen and WRA<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 WAT pumping and treatment<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 HLT clinics and cold chains<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 ENE hydro output<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 BIO charcoal and fuelwood demand<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>hydro reservoir storage<\/li><li>import contract terms<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Hydro output in the short rains, import volumes, curtailment of geothermal energy and the loss trend.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Energy decisions rest with the government, the regulator and the utilities; this chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Food and agrifood, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Maize output rose in 2025, yet acute <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">food insecurity<\/a> is concentrated in the arid counties.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>IPC Phase 3 or worse, Apr to Jun 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">45.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million bags<\/span><p>maize output, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">34.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>prevalence of undernourishment, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Acute food insecurity<\/td><td>about 3.7 million in IPC Phase 3 or worse; 545,000 in Phase 4<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maize<\/td><td>45.8 million bags in 2025, up from 44.8 million<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Prices<\/td><td>retail maize 15% higher year on year, February 2026<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Undernourishment<\/td><td>34.9% of people, 2024 series value<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Farm economy<\/td><td>agriculture is 23.2% of GDP (2025); cereal yield 1,693 kg per hectare (2024)<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Household survey<\/td><td>county-level food insecurity not bound<\/td><td>KNBS household survey<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 FOO drought and flood<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 FOO fertiliser and cold chain<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 FOO rain-fed yield<\/li><li>FOO \u2192 HLT nutrition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>maize output in tonnes<\/li><li>county household food insecurity<\/li><li>import dependence by commodity<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Short-rains performance, fertiliser supply, retail prices and humanitarian funding.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes the food system; it makes no statement on agricultural or trade policy.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Health and One Health, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Life expectancy is 63.8 years, and 2026 brought concurrent outbreaks alongside the drought emergency.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">63.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">years<\/span><p>life expectancy, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">38.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">per 1,000<\/span><p>under-five mortality, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">74.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">per 1,000<\/span><p><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h38\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vector-borne.malaria-resurgence\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vector-borne infection\" data-td=\"Rising malaria transmission after climate shifts, conflict, funding gaps or drug and insecticide resistance.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H38\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">malaria<\/a> incidence at risk, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Life expectancy<\/td><td>63.8 years at birth<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Child mortality<\/td><td>38.8 per 1,000 live births<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HIV<\/td><td>adult prevalence 3.0%<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Outbreaks<\/td><td>mpox 1,141 cases, 19 deaths; measles 445; dengue 1,269 cases<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water-related illness<\/td><td>national series not bound<\/td><td>Ministry of Health records<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>WAT \u2192 HLT water and sanitation<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 HLT clinics and cold chains<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 HLT floods and heat<\/li><li>FOO \u2192 HLT nutrition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>water-related illness series<\/li><li>clinic continuity in outages<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Outbreak counts in the weekly report, cross-border Ebola preparedness and the next IPC update.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Health planning rests with national and county authorities. No personal health data are used or shown in Reports.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.5<\/span><span>Biodiversity and ecosystems, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Forest and protected-area figures are bound; ecosystem threat status is not.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>forest area, World Bank series, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">13.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>terrestrial protected areas, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">0.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>marine protected areas, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Forest<\/td><td>6.6% of land on the World Bank series; 8.83% in 2021 on the national measure<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protection<\/td><td>13.9% of land and 0.7% of marine area<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Threat status<\/td><td>share of ecosystem types or species threatened not bound<\/td><td>IUCN and national assessment<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wildlife<\/td><td>national wildlife counts not bound<\/td><td>Kenya Wildlife Service<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>BIO \u2192 WAT catchments<\/li><li>BIO \u2192 ENE hydropower catchments<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 BIO lake and river flows<\/li><li>FOO \u2192 BIO land conversion<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ecosystem threat status<\/li><li>wildlife counts<\/li><li>condition outside protected areas<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>The headline figures of a national biodiversity assessment, once retrieved, and forest-cover reporting.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Biodiversity is not reduced to a single number. Where valuation is used later, it will never be presented as the whole value.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UN-Water (ed.), SDG 6 Data Portal, Kenya country snapshot (6.2.1a safely managed sanitation 2024; 6.4.2 water stress 2023; 6.5.1 IWRM implementation 2023). UN-Water, Geneva, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAnnual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)\u201d (ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAccess to electricity (% of population)\u201d (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAccess to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)\u201d (EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of undernourishment (% of population)\u201d (SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAgriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)\u201d (NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cCereal yield (kg per hectare)\u201d (AG.YLD.CREL.KG), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201c<a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Mortality rate<\/a>, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)\u201d (SH.DYN.MORT), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cIncidence of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h38\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vector-borne.malaria-resurgence\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vector-borne infection\" data-td=\"Rising malaria transmission after climate shifts, conflict, funding gaps or drug and insecticide resistance.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H38\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">malaria<\/a> (per 1,000 population at risk)\u201d (SH.MLR.INCD.P3), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cForest area (% of land area)\u201d (AG.LND.FRST.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cMarine protected areas (% of territorial waters)\u201d (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-c8-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>9 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>12 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>Generation growth since FY2021\/22<\/td><td>15,692.81 \u00f7 12,652.74 \u2212 1<\/td><td>\u2248 +24.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>2030 target level from the 2020 business-as-usual level<\/td><td>143 \u00d7 (1 \u2212 0.32)<\/td><td>\u2248 97.24 Mt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>2035 level at 35% below business-as-usual<\/td><td>215 \u00d7 (1 \u2212 0.35), minus the 2030 target level of 97.24<\/td><td>\u2248 139.75 Mt; \u2248 42.5 Mt above the 2030 level<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Geothermal energy curtailed, as a share of geothermal energy delivered<\/td><td>392.36 \u00f7 6,420.51<\/td><td>\u2248 6.1%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at national scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card, National Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-KEN-NATIONAL \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent Kenya as coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> with forcing and transmission layers<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of systems<\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from evidence and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against Q1 2027 Foundry evidence<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>national scale; not for county or asset-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings to measure first; explaining the coupled reading of risk in Kenya.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, operational decisions, provincial comparisons or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Model runs begin with the first Foundry cut in Q1 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>NQ-KEN-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>54 cited sources, each at the edition and retrieval date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>NQ-KEN-2027-Q1-1 at the Q1 2027 close<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the first Foundry cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Q1 2027<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>qualified source bindings with versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>National Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to the cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population, life expectancy, services<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>World Bank, 2026 vintage<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>next vintage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GHG inventory<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>Feb 2026<\/td><td>biennial<\/td><td>next transparency report<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2035 climate target<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Apr 2025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>next NDC cycle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity statistics<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td>Sep 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>biannual report, Mar 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 food-insecurity\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A situation in which people lack reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for active and healthy lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Food insecurity<\/a> (IPC)<\/td><td>Apr to Jun 2026<\/td><td>May 2026<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>next IPC update<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health emergencies<\/td><td>to 7 Jun 2026<\/td><td>Jun 2026<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Agriculture output<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>May 2026<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>Economic Survey 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flood deaths and households<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>Aug 2025<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>per event<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected areas<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>2026 vintage<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>next vintage<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Climate forcing<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>rainfall extremes by county; sector emissions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>reservoir storage; import contracts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>household survey; maize in tonnes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>water-related illness; census counts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>storage, flow and utility performance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>threat status and condition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>insured share of loss<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Digital<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>dependency mapping<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards, two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority. Annual, year to 30 June 2026. Role: binds ENE-003, ENE-004 and the generation chart; read in full.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-KEN-001<\/h3><p>EPRA statistics report FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued under the UNFCCC, report FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN, 13 February 2026. Periodic. Role: binds CLI-001 and the target level; read in full.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-KEN-002<\/h3><p>Technical expert review of the first transparency report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-KEN-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-KEN-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>all generation, capacity and loss series<\/td><td>inventory 1990\u20132022, all sectors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>about 3 months after year end<\/td><td>about 38 months after the inventory year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>prior-year values restated in each report<\/td><td>back-revised with each inventory<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>definitions stated in the report<\/td><td>review methodology published<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>not stated in the report<\/td><td>UN technical review in May 2025<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in Q1 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>EPRA biannual report, March 2027<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Kenya transparency report main document and inventory report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>IPC analysis for the October to December 2026 season<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>National biodiversity assessment or IUCN country records, for threat status<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>water, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>ASAL<\/td><td>arid and semi-arid lands<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BAU<\/td><td>business as usual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CBK<\/td><td>Central Bank of Kenya<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EPRA<\/td><td>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FAO<\/td><td>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GIEWS<\/td><td>Global Information and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning-system\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An integrated system of risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and preparedness that enables timely action ahead of hazards.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early Warning System<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IFRC<\/td><td>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IMF<\/td><td>International Monetary Fund<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IPC<\/td><td>Integrated Food Security Phase Classification<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>KNBS<\/td><td>Kenya National Bureau of Statistics<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NDC<\/td><td>nationally determined contribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TERT<\/td><td>technical expert review team<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WDI<\/td><td>World Development Indicators<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WHO AFRO<\/td><td>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the baseline indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-KEN-DRT-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>County notes<\/td><td>atlas cards for every county<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition, system losses<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>electrical energy lost in transmission and distribution, technical and commercial, as a share of energy supplied<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>percent of energy<\/dd><dt>Scope<\/dt><dd>the interconnected national system, year to 30 June<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>EPRA statistics report FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Revision<\/dt><dd>restated in each annual report<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>the allowable level of 16.5% is the regulator\u2019s benchmark, not a technical minimum<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ca-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>10 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>7 tables<\/span><span>29 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Total GHG emissions (technical review basis)<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">113.36<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2030 target level<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">97.24<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2030<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2035 level at 35% below BAU of 215 Mt<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">139.75<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2035<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GHG emissions excl. land use, World Bank series<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">102.8<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity generation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">15,692.81<\/span><\/td><td>GWh<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Geothermal share of generation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">40.91<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Imports share of generation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">12.19<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Peak demand<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">2,514.28<\/span><\/td><td>MW<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>System losses<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">21.38<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>FY2025\/26<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People with at least basic drinking water<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">65.6<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People with at least basic sanitation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">40.9<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable internal freshwater per person<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">381.5<\/span><\/td><td>m\u00b3<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People in IPC Phase 3 or worse, arid counties<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">3.7<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>Apr to Jun 2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maize output<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">45.8<\/span><\/td><td>million bags<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">57.5<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Life expectancy at birth<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">63.8<\/span><\/td><td>years<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adult HIV prevalence<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">3.0<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deaths in the 2024 long-rains floods<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">478<\/span><\/td><td>deaths<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Terrestrial protected areas<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">13.9<\/span><\/td><td>% of land<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ecosystem threat status<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flood and drought losses<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>KES<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>National census count<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>people<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Emissions by sector, energy and waste<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0ATotal%20GHG%20emissions%20(technical%20review%20basis)%2C113.36%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B27%5D%0A2030%20target%20level%2C97.24%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2030%2CREPORTED%2C%5B27%5D%0A2035%20level%20at%2035%25%20below%20BAU%20of%20215%20Mt%2C139.75%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2035%2CESTIMATED%2C%5B29%5D%0A%22GHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%2C%20World%20Bank%20series%22%2C102.8%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B22%5D%0AElectricity%20generation%2C%2215%2C692.81%22%2CGWh%2CFY2025%2F26%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0AGeothermal%20share%20of%20generation%2C40.91%2C%25%2CFY2025%2F26%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0AImports%20share%20of%20generation%2C12.19%2C%25%2CFY2025%2F26%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0APeak%20demand%2C%222%2C514.28%22%2CMW%2CFY2025%2F26%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0ASystem%20losses%2C21.38%2C%25%2CFY2025%2F26%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0APeople%20with%20at%20least%20basic%20drinking%20water%2C65.6%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B9%5D%0APeople%20with%20at%20least%20basic%20sanitation%2C40.9%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0ARenewable%20internal%20freshwater%20per%20person%2C381.5%2Cm%C2%B3%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B11%5D%0A%22People%20in%20IPC%20Phase%203%20or%20worse%2C%20arid%20counties%22%2C3.7%2Cmillion%2CApr%20to%20Jun%202026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B32%5D%0AMaize%20output%2C45.8%2Cmillion%20bags%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B34%5D%0APopulation%2C57.5%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0ALife%20expectancy%20at%20birth%2C63.8%2Cyears%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0AAdult%20HIV%20prevalence%2C3.0%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B4%5D%0ADeaths%20in%20the%202024%20long-rains%20floods%2C478%2Cdeaths%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B35%5D%0ATerrestrial%20protected%20areas%2C13.9%2C%25%20of%20land%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B16%5D%0AEcosystem%20threat%20status%2CNot%20bound%2C%25%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B46%5D%0AFlood%20and%20drought%20losses%2CNot%20bound%2CKES%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B35%5D%0ANational%20census%20count%2CNot%20bound%2Cpeople%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B39%5D%0A%22Emissions%20by%20sector%2C%20energy%20and%20waste%22%2CNot%20bound%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B27%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22Kenya%20Systems%20Risk%20and%20Resilience%20Report%202026%3A%20The%20State%20of%20Kenya%E2%80%99s%20Interdependent%20Systems%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Total%20GHG%20emissions%20(technical%20review%20basis)%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22113.36%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B27%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%222030%20target%20level%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2297.24%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222030%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B27%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%222035%20level%20at%2035%25%20below%20BAU%20of%20215%20Mt%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22139.75%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222035%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22ESTIMATED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B29%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22GHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%2C%20World%20Bank%20series%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22102.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B22%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Electricity%20generation%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2215%2C692.81%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22GWh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22FY2025%2F26%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Geothermal%20share%20of%20generation%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2240.91%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22FY2025%2F26%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Imports%20share%20of%20generation%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2212.19%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22FY2025%2F26%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Peak%20demand%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222%2C514.28%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22MW%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22FY2025%2F26%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22System%20losses%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2221.38%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22FY2025%2F26%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20with%20at%20least%20basic%20drinking%20water%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2265.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B9%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20with%20at%20least%20basic%20sanitation%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2240.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Renewable%20internal%20freshwater%20per%20person%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22381.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22m%C2%B3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B11%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20in%20IPC%20Phase%203%20or%20worse%2C%20arid%20counties%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%223.7%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Apr%20to%20Jun%202026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B32%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Maize%20output%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2245.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20bags%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B34%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2257.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Life%20expectancy%20at%20birth%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2263.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22years%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Adult%20HIV%20prevalence%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%223.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B4%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Deaths%20in%20the%202024%20long-rains%20floods%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22478%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22deaths%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B35%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Terrestrial%20protected%20areas%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2213.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%20of%20land%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Ecosystem%20threat%20status%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B46%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Flood%20and%20drought%20losses%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22KES%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B35%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22National%20census%20count%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22people%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B39%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Emissions%20by%20sector%2C%20energy%20and%20waste%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B27%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Values marked ESTIMATED are Nexus arithmetic on reported values, with the method in the technical layer. Values marked NOT BOUND name their source and blocker in the finding or chapter that uses them. Water and sanitation figures use the World Bank series of the joint monitoring programme. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>National source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">WAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">BIO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">CLI<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">INF<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">MIN<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">National source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>World Bank indicator series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international body<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2021\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile \u00b7 services<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>regulator<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>FY2021\/22 \u00b7 FY2025\/26<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical expert review<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN review body<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2010\u20132022<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Climate Action Tracker<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>independent assessment<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2022\u20132035<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IMF and World Bank country pages<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international body<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2025\u20132026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>FIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Crop monitoring<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency<\/td><td>national and arid counties<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>FOO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Weekly situation report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN agency with ministry data<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>HLT \u00b7 FOO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Agriculture survey<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>central bank quoting national statistics<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2023\u20132025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>FOO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Network annual report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Red Cross network<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy profile and SDG 6 data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international body<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2022\u20132024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE \u00b7 WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Legal and policy texts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>government via records<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2013\u20132025<\/td><td>per amendment<\/td><td>standards<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Series records<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n53\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r53\" aria-label=\"Note 53\">53<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n54\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-r54\" aria-label=\"Note 54\">54<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Reports series<\/td><td>series<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>per edition<\/td><td>method and peers<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading, Kenya by county<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Map plates for every county follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading, Kenya by county<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Region<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Nairobi region<\/td><td>urban demand, outbreak spread<\/td><td>power, water, health services<\/td><td>largest share of consumption, 43.92%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Arid north-east (Garissa, Wajir, Mandera)<\/td><td>drought, outbreaks, displacement<\/td><td>food, water, health, rangeland<\/td><td>IPC and WHO 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tana River and coast<\/td><td>floods, drought, outbreak spread<\/td><td>food, ports, health<\/td><td>IPC 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 mpox share<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nakuru and the Rift Valley fields<\/td><td>geothermal expansion, floods<\/td><td>power, farming, water<\/td><td>70 MW added at Menengai in FY2025\/26<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Counties hit by the 2024 floods<\/td><td>heavy rain, river flooding<\/td><td>homes, roads, water sources, farmland<\/td><td>46 of 47 counties<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any county.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Atlas card, Garissa County<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">county<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">arid<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">outbreaks<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">refugee camps<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>water, food, health and camps<\/dd><dt>Defining events<\/dt><dd>cholera cluster in Dagahaley camp, dengue in Garissa Township, measles<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>FOO \u2192 HLT; WAT \u2192 HLT; CLI \u2192 FOO<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>not bound<\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>water-point functionality; clinic continuity; food prices by market<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>A-01 \u00b7 A-04<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">By early June 2026 the WHO report listed a cholera cluster of 32 cases with no deaths in Dagahaley camp, 1,269 dengue cases (52 PCR-confirmed) in Garissa Township and measles in Dadaab [33].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">HEALTH<\/h3><p>Concurrent outbreaks<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Wajir, Mandera and Tana River held about 65% of people in IPC Phase 4. Garissa is not named in the brief, so county figures are not bound [32].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">FOOD<\/h3><p>Arid-county food insecurity<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Water-point functionality is not bound. Source: national drought management authority and county water records. Blocker: not retrieved.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">WATER<\/h3><p>Water-point condition<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Atlas cards are generated for every county from Q2 2027 with consistent fields and evidence-age labels. Garissa is shown first because the latest weekly report names three active events there.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>Kenya system card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The card through which Kenya appears in the Africa regional edition and the global series. It summarises; it does not rank.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Kenya system card<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline state<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>basic services reach two in three people<\/td><td>power loss into pumping and treatment<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>geothermal-led grid; losses 21.38%<\/td><td>hydro swings and import dependence<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>maize up; arid counties in crisis<\/td><td>failed rains and prices<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>concurrent outbreaks in 2026<\/td><td>sanitation gaps and outbreak load<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>threat status not bound<\/td><td>catchment and rangeland condition<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Context<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Archetype<\/dt><dd>lower-middle-income economy with a geothermal and hydro grid and large arid counties<\/dd><dt>Population<\/dt><dd>57.5 million (2025)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Trade<\/dt><dd>imports electricity and petroleum products; wider trade not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Hazard<\/dt><dd>floods and drought; 478 flood deaths in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Kenya\u2019s card sits beside its neighbours\u2019; shared basins, grids, corridors and supply chains are read as one regional system.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">AFRICA REGIONAL EDITION<\/h3><p>One regional system<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Kenyan evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers, so a correction travels everywhere at once.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES<\/h3><p>Same findings, same IDs<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">In the global edition Kenya is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL FLAGSHIP<\/h3><p>Peers, not ranks<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and Kenya\u2019s national ownership of its edition is unaffected.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>23 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>NQ-KEN-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTotal greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)\u201d (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPopulation, total\u201d (SP.POP.TOTL), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Kenya\u2019s Second Nationally Determined Contribution (2031\u20132035). Submission to the UNFCCC, 30 April 2025. Title from a database record; target figures are read through [27] and [29].<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (ed.), 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census. KNBS, Nairobi, 2019. The site did not respond at evidence close; no census figure is used in this edition.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)\u201d (EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3), Kenya, observation year 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the Financial Year ended 30th June 2022. EPRA, Nairobi, 2022, observation year FY2021\/22, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: country assessment.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), Kenya: Overview, country page (poverty 43.3% at $3.00 a day in 2025, public debt 70.6% of GDP, high risk of debt distress). World Bank, Washington DC, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), World Economic Outlook DataMapper series NGDP_RPCH, PCPIPCH and GGXWDG_NGDP, Kenya, observation years 2023\u20132027. IMF, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), Kenya and the IMF, country page (last Article IV Executive Board consultation 17 January 2024; outstanding purchases and loans SDR 2,803.76 million at 31 March 2026). IMF, Washington DC, observation year 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Energy Profile: Kenya. IRENA, Abu Dhabi, September 2025, observation years 2017\u20132024, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UN-Water (ed.), SDG 6 Data Portal, Kenya country snapshot (6.2.1a safely managed sanitation 2024; 6.4.2 water stress 2023; 6.5.1 IWRM implementation 2023). UN-Water, Geneva, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>Government of Kenya (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Action Plan (NCCAP) III 2023\u20132027, read through the summary record of the Climate Change Laws of the World database (Grantham Research Institute); the plan itself was not opened. Nairobi, 2023, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Climate Change Act, 2016, as amended in 2023. Nairobi. Title and status from memory and search summaries; check the text and the Kenya Gazette.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n53\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">53<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r53\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 53\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cb-n54\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">54<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-ken-cb-r54\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 54\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\">Kenya 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>13 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>54 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPopulation, total\u201d (SP.POP.TOTL), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cLife expectancy at birth, total (years)\u201d (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201c<a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 mortality-rate\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The number of deaths in a population over a period relative to its size.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Mortality rate<\/a>, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)\u201d (SH.DYN.MORT), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)\u201d (SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cIncidence of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h38\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.vector-borne.malaria-resurgence\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Vector-borne infection\" data-td=\"Rising malaria transmission after climate shifts, conflict, funding gaps or drug and insecticide resistance.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H38\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">malaria<\/a> (per 1,000 population at risk)\u201d (SH.MLR.INCD.P3), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cUrban population (% of total population)\u201d (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 3<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cGDP growth (annual %)\u201d (NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cGDP (current US$)\u201d (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)\u201d (SH.H2O.BASW.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPeople using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)\u201d (SH.STA.BASS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cRenewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)\u201d (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAnnual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)\u201d (ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2022. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAccess to electricity (% of population)\u201d (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAccess to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)\u201d (EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cForest area (% of land area)\u201d (AG.LND.FRST.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTerrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)\u201d (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cMarine protected areas (% of territorial waters)\u201d (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cAgriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)\u201d (NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cEmployment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modelled ILO estimate)\u201d (SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2025. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cCereal yield (kg per hectare)\u201d (AG.YLD.CREL.KG), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPrevalence of undernourishment (% of population)\u201d (SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cTotal greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)\u201d (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Kenya, observation year 2024. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, \u201cPM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)\u201d (EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3), Kenya, observation year 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), Kenya: Overview, country page (poverty 43.3% at $3.00 a day in 2025, public debt 70.6% of GDP, high risk of debt distress). World Bank, Washington DC, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the year ended 30th June 2026. EPRA, Nairobi, September 2026, observation year FY2025\/26, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (ed.), Energy and Petroleum Statistics Report for the Financial Year ended 30th June 2022. EPRA, Nairobi, 2022, observation year FY2021\/22, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNFCCC (ed.), Report on the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Kenya, FCCC\/ETF\/TERR.1\/2024\/KEN. UNFCCC, Bonn, 13 February 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: country assessment.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2022, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), \u201cKenya: targets, 2035 NDC.\u201d Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, update of 31 March 2026, observation year 2035, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), World Economic Outlook DataMapper series NGDP_RPCH, PCPIPCH and GGXWDG_NGDP, Kenya, observation years 2023\u20132027. IMF, Washington DC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), Kenya and the IMF, country page (last Article IV Executive Board consultation 17 January 2024; outstanding purchases and loans SDR 2,803.76 million at 31 March 2026). IMF, Washington DC, observation year 2026, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Food and Agriculture Organization (ed.), GIEWS Country Brief: Kenya, reference date 4 May 2026. FAO, Rome, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (ed.), Weekly Situation Report, Kenya, Week 22: 31 May to 7 June 2026. WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, 2026, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Central Bank of Kenya (ed.), Agriculture Survey, May 2026, quoting the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026. CBK, Nairobi, May 2026, observation year 2025, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (ed.), Kenya: 2024 IFRC network annual report, January to December, in support of the Kenya Red Cross Society. IFRC, Geneva, 8 August 2025, observation year 2024, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Energy Profile: Kenya. IRENA, Abu Dhabi, September 2025, observation years 2017\u20132024, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UN-Water (ed.), SDG 6 Data Portal, Kenya country snapshot (6.2.1a safely managed sanitation 2024; 6.4.2 water stress 2023; 6.5.1 IWRM implementation 2023). UN-Water, Geneva, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>Government of Kenya (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Action Plan (NCCAP) III 2023\u20132027, read through the summary record of the Climate Change Laws of the World database (Grantham Research Institute); the plan itself was not opened. Nairobi, 2023, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (ed.), 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census. KNBS, Nairobi, 2019. The site did not respond at evidence close; no census figure is used in this edition. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (ed.), Economic Survey 2026. KNBS, Nairobi, April 2026. Figures attributed to it are read through the Central Bank of Kenya survey [34]. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (ed.), Eastern Africa: Heavy rains and flooding, Flash Update 4, 30 May 2024. OCHA, Geneva, 2024. Figure of 315 deaths at 29 May 2024 taken from a search result summary; the page returned an access error. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Climate Change Act, 2016, as amended in 2023. Nairobi. Title and status from memory and search summaries; check the text and the Kenya Gazette. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024, Legal Notice 84. Nairobi, 2024. Title and effect from search summaries; the page returned no text. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Water Act, 2016. Nairobi, 2016. Title and status from memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Wildlife Conservation and Management Act, 2013. Nairobi, 2013. Title and status from memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Government of Kenya (ed.), Kenya\u2019s Second Nationally Determined Contribution (2031\u20132035). Submission to the UNFCCC, 30 April 2025. Title from a database record; target figures are read through [27] and [29]. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Imperial College London and partners (World Weather Attribution), rapid analysis of the late-2023 rains in the Horn of Africa. December 2023. Taken from a search result summary. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: C. H. Trisos, I. O. Adelekan, E. Totin et al., \u201cAfrica,\u201d in Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press, 2022. From memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: World Bank (ed.), Kenya Country Climate and Development Report. World Bank Group, Washington DC; year not confirmed. The page was reached only as a catalogue listing. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. From memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-51\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">51<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. From memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-52\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">52<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNFCCC (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a>. United Nations, Paris, 2015. From memory. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-53\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">53<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-ken-ref-54\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">54<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>Kenya <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026, Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Edition 2026\u20132030<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the Q1 2027 edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2027-Q1-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-ken-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">KEN<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-ken-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-NAT-KEN-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for Kenya; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20Kenya\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20Kenya&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Kenya\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20Kenya\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Kenya\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on Kenya, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on Kenya for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on Kenya Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026.&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Kenya&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Country Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;Kenya&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Country Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-ken-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-ken-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>KEN edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> Kenya 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; KEN is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on Kenya.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/ken\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.<\/p><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-ken-full-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-ken-full-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-ken-full-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/urban-flood\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Urban flood<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/risk-information-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Risk information standards and interoperability<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/data\/identification-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Identification (the UNI)<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script><style>@media print { @page { margin: 20mm 17mm 20mm 17mm; @top-left { content: \"Nexus Reports\"; font: 500 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @top-right { content: \"Kenya Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026 \\0000b7  Baseline Edition 2026\"; font: 400 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Sans\", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-left { content: \"NR-COUNTRY-KEN-2026-BASELINE \\0000b7  Draft, not released\"; font: 400 7pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-center { content: \"CC BY 4.0. 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