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\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\"><style>#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-eur-full.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">Europe Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Europe\u2019s Interdependent Systems.<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">REG-EUR<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">Europe 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut NQ-REG-EUR-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Europe Regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Europe\u2019s Interdependent Systems. (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. Europe\u2019s risk travels through shared rivers, grids and gas<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Dry, hot summer across the Rhine corridor and the Alpine grid<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>15 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Europe, as the series reads it, is five member countries (France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and Switzerland) that share river basins, power grids and gas supply, and that sit beside a union with its own subject in the series. The European Union had 450.6 million residents on 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Its net greenhouse gas emissions were 2,786 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024, about 40% below 1990 on the inventory basis and 37% on the basis the Climate Law uses for 2030<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup>. Renewables supplied 25.2% of gross final energy and 47.5% of electricity in the EU in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. The EU imported 37.8 billion cubic metres of gas from Russia in 2024, and a regulation now phases those imports out by September 2027<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>. Storms and floods in 2024 affected an estimated 413,000 people and caused at least 335 deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. An estimated 62,775 deaths were linked to heat in summer 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>. Only 37% of surface water bodies reported good or high ecological status in 2021<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>. This Baseline Edition fixes the 2026 reference state from sources that could be read at evidence close. Where a regional dataset could not be read, it shows as a designed empty state that names the source and the blocker. The edition decides nothing and ranks no member country.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the Europe baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">EU net emissions were 2,786 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024, about 40% below 1990. Member totals are on different bases.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Where do emissions stand?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A 2040 target of 90% below 1990 is in the Climate Law; the renewable energy target for 2030 is 42.5%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What are the targets?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Renewables supplied 47.5% in the EU in 2024; shares differ widely by member.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How is electricity supplied?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Russian imports were 37.8 billion m\u00b3 in 2024 and are being phased out by law. Storage at 1 November 2026 is not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How exposed is gas supply?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Floods in 2024 affected 413,000 people; heat in summer 2024 was linked to about 62,775 deaths.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How severe were recent floods and heat?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">37% of surface water bodies reached good or high ecological status in 2021.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How healthy are Europe\u2019s waters?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Insured and uninsured loss series by member are not bound in this edition.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Who carries flood losses?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h10\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.deficit.hydrological-drought\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Water deficit\" data-td=\"Streamflow, lake and reservoir levels falling below normal, restricting supply, hydropower and river navigation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H10\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">Low river flow<\/a>, heat load and grid stress coinciding across member borders. SCN-EUR-DRY-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What will Q1 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Storms and floods in 2024 affected an estimated 413,000 people and caused at least 335 deaths in Europe; Storm Boris produced flood peaks at least twice the average annual maximum along 8,500 km of rivers.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-fig1-t\">Deaths from storms and floods in Europe, 2024<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Europe, at least<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">335<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Valencia province, at least<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"69.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">232<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Copernicus and WMO European State of the Climate 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Valencia is outside the member set and is shown as the largest single event.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.fluvial\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"River discharge exceeding channel capacity so that water spills over the banks and covers the floodplain for days.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\" data-tal=\"Disaster Risk Reduction\">river flood<\/a> is a regional event. Storm Boris moved from the Danube to the Elbe and the Oder over five days and touched Germany and Italy among the members. Flood response, rail, power and insurance therefore need to be read across borders<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">450.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>EU population, 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">69.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>United Kingdom population, mid-2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3,017<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>EU emissions excluding land use, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">47.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>renewables share of EU electricity, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">37.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">billion m\u00b3<\/span><p>gas imported from Russia, EU, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">members<\/span><p>France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Switzerland<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of European risk: heat, flood and dry years act on water, energy and health together.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people risk arrives as a flood warning, a heat day or a price change.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Insured and uninsured loss series by member are not bound, and macroprudential work on climate risk exists.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Europe publishes strong statistics on emissions, energy and climate, and a clear legal frame for 2040.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the state of Europe\u2019s water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in 2026 read across France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Switzerland. It reads the shared basins and grids that no single member controls, and sets out the questions the operational series will answer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a>, an official warning or a rating. It decides nothing about any institution or asset. Competent authorities keep every mandate they hold, and each member\u2019s ownership of its own edition is unaffected. It does not stand for the European Union, which is a separate subject in the series.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>Q1 2027 opens the operational series with a sealed Foundry evidence cut. Each later edition reports what changed against this baseline: new observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Environment Agency (ed.), Trends and projections in Europe 2025 (EU net emissions 37% below 1990 on the Climate Law basis, from search summaries). EEA, Copenhagen, November 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2023\/2413 amending the renewable energy directive (2030 target of 42.5%; the target was also stated on the Eurostat page opened). Official Journal of the European Union, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Europe\u2019s risk travels through shared rivers, grids and gas<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It assesses no authority and ranks no member country.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>13 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is Europe\u2019s risk concentrated, and in which <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry shocks across member borders?<\/li><li>Which capabilities hold under compound stress, and which are only documented?<\/li><li>What must the 2027 programme measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Member system cards<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Shared basins and grids<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hub list<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Regional pathway<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>The European Union had 450.6 million residents on 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. The United Kingdom had 69.3 million in mid-2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup>. Germany had 83.6 million, France 68.9 million, Italy 58.9 million and Switzerland 9.1 million on 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline reads Europe as a region whose member countries share basins, grids and supply routes, so that a shock in one reaches the others.<\/p><p>The forcing layer is visible in recent records. Storms and flooding in 2024 affected an estimated 413,000 people and caused at least 335 deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Storm Boris produced flood peaks at least twice the average annual maximum along 8,500 km of rivers, and the middle Danube peaked on 15 September, the Elbe on 17 September and the lower Oder on 20 September<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. In 2025, 70% of rivers had below-average flows and wildfires burnt the largest area on record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Heat adds a health layer. A peer-reviewed estimate links about 62,775 deaths to heat in 32 European countries in summer 2024, and about 19,000 of them to Italy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>. It is a modelled estimate, not a count of registered deaths.<\/p><p>The water layer is under pressure from pollution as well as flow. In 2021, 37% of surface water bodies reached good or high ecological status and 29% good chemical status<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>. The European climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a> identifies 36 climate risks to energy and food security, ecosystems, infrastructure, water, financial stability and health<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The energy layer is a transition with a supply-security edge. Renewables supplied 47.5% of EU electricity in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. The EU imported 37.8 billion cubic metres of gas from Russia in 2024 and has legislated to end those imports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>. The 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> showed that a grid can fail through voltage control, not only through <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">shortage<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>This edition therefore reads Europe\u2019s risk as a property of the couplings between these forces. The matrix, risk objects, capability ladder and scenario that follow ask two questions: where does a shock travel next across a border, and who holds the capability to stop it?<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig1-t\">How do renewable shares of electricity differ? Share of gross electricity consumption, 2024 (%)<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Renewables supplied 47.5% of EU electricity in 2024, with Germany at 54.1%, Italy at 40.7% and France at 31.3%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. France\u2019s electricity mix has a large non-renewable low-carbon part that this series does not show. The United Kingdom reported 52.5% for 2025 on a different basis<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">EU<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"87.8\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">47.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Germany<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">54.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Italy<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"75.2\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">40.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">France<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"57.9\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">31.3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2024.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">47.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>EU renewables share of electricity, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">25.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>EU renewables share of final energy, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">42.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>2030 target for final energy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">52.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>United Kingdom renewables share of electricity, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The Europe matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the starting graph that the Q1 2027 Foundry cut will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">hydro \u00b7 thermal cooling<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">irrigation \u00b7 rain-fed yield<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">safe water \u00b7 sanitation<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">flows \u00b7 wetlands<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pumping \u00b7 desalination<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fuel \u00b7 fertiliser \u00b7 cold chain<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">air pollution \u00b7 cooling<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land use \u00b7 mining<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">\u224870% of withdrawals<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">bioenergy feedstock<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">nutrition \u00b7 food safety<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land conversion<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">labour \u00b7 disease<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">residues<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">regulation \u00b7 filtration<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">biomass \u00b7 hydrology<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pollination \u00b7 soils<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">zoonoses \u00b7 medicines<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h10\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.deficit.hydrological-drought\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Water deficit\" data-td=\"Streamflow, lake and reservoir levels falling below normal, restricting supply, hydropower and river navigation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H10\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">Low river flow<\/a> limits cooling water and navigation and raises power stress.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> rivers 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; no event bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Heat raises deaths and loads health services.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> summer 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 ENE \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">A gas supply change reaches power prices and public budgets.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> phase-out law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>; no event bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">INF \u2192 ENE \u2192 all<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">A grid fault spreads across borders.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 INF \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Flooding damages lifelines and the loss falls on insurers and budgets.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> floods 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>; loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.4<\/span><span>Reinforcing loops<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A shock entering either system of a loop can return amplified through the other.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Pairs of systems where both directions are rated strong<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Loop<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First direction<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Second direction<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT and FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Water to food: irrigation \u00b7 rain-fed yield<\/td><td>Food to water: \u224870% of withdrawals<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT and BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Water to biodiversity: flows \u00b7 wetlands<\/td><td>Biodiversity to water: regulation \u00b7 filtration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO and BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Food to biodiversity: land conversion<\/td><td>Biodiversity to food: pollination \u00b7 soils<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"3\">A causal-loop reading of the matrix (Sterman, Business Dynamics, 2000): structural, from estimated strengths, not a measured feedback.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), European Climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">Risk Assessment<\/a> (EEA Report 01\/2024, 11 March 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), Energy Trends: UK electricity 2025 (renewables 52.5% of generation, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2023\/2413 amending the renewable energy directive (2030 target of 42.5%; the target was also stated on the Eurostat page opened). Official Journal of the European Union, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the baseline. They are grouped by system, never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Storms and floods in 2024 affected an estimated 413,000 people and caused at least 335 deaths in Europe; Storm Boris produced flood peaks at least twice the average annual maximum along 8,500 km of rivers.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-fig1-t\">Deaths from storms and floods in Europe, 2024<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Europe, at least<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">335<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Valencia province, at least<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"69.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">232<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Copernicus and WMO European State of the Climate 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Valencia is outside the member set and is shown as the largest single event.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.fluvial\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"River discharge exceeding channel capacity so that water spills over the banks and covers the floodplain for days.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\" data-tal=\"Disaster Risk Reduction\">river flood<\/a> is a regional event. Storm Boris moved from the Danube to the Elbe and the Oder over five days and touched Germany and Italy among the members. Flood response, rail, power and insurance therefore need to be read across borders<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">Seasonal rainfall outlooks, river-flow forecasts, flood-warning exchange between member authorities and insured-loss series would each move this finding. The loss series by member is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Climate forcing<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">EU net greenhouse gas emissions were 2,786 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024, about 40% below 1990 and about 3% below 2023 on the inventory basis; on the Climate Law basis the cut was 37%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The amended European Climate Law sets a binding 2040 target of 90% below 1990 and entered into force on 7 April 2026.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-CLI-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Storms and floods in 2024 affected an estimated 413,000 people and caused at least 335 deaths; Storm Boris produced flood peaks at least twice the average annual maximum along 8,500 km of rivers.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Energy<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Renewables supplied 25.2% of gross final energy and 47.5% of electricity in the EU in 2024; Germany reached 54.1% of electricity, Italy 40.7% and France 31.3%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The EU imported 37.8 billion cubic metres of gas from Russia in 2024; a regulation phases out Russian LNG from 2027 and pipeline gas by 30 September 2027.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-005\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-ENE-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The ENTSO-E expert panel found that the 28 April 2025 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> in continental Spain and Portugal came from many interacting factors, with voltage and reactive-power control central.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-HLT-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-HLT-007\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-HLT-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">About 62,775 deaths were linked to heat in 32 European countries in summer 2024, of which about 19,000 in Italy.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Water<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-008\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2021, 37% of surface water bodies reached good or high ecological status and 29% good chemical status; 77% of groundwater area was in good chemical status.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-009\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-WAT-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2025, 70% of rivers in the European region had below-average annual flows, and wildfires burnt the largest area on record.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Food<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-FOO-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-FOO-010\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-FOO-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The October 2025 outlook put EU grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, with losses concentrated in south-eastern Europe.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.7<\/span><span>Biodiversity<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Terrestrial protected areas covered 26.4% of the EU in 2023: Germany 39.1%, France 28.3% and Italy 21.4%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.8<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is a dry, hot summer in which <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h10\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.deficit.hydrological-drought\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Water deficit\" data-td=\"Streamflow, lake and reservoir levels falling below normal, restricting supply, hydropower and river navigation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H10\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">low river flow<\/a>, heat load and grid stress coincide across member borders. \u00a79.3<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Environment Agency (ed.), Trends and projections in Europe 2025 (EU net emissions 37% below 1990 on the Climate Law basis, from search summaries). EEA, Copenhagen, November 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (European Climate Law). Official Journal of the European Union, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, full report; burnt area of about 1.03 million hectares taken from a search summary. ECMWF, Reading. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), MARS Bulletin: crop monitoring in Europe, October 2025 (grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, from search summaries). JRC, Ispra. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c2-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WAT \u00b7 Water<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Surface water bodies in good or high ecological status<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">37<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Good chemical status was reported for 29%. Groundwater fares better: 77% of area in good chemical status.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2021<\/span><span>EEA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">ENE \u00b7 Energy<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Renewables in gross final energy consumption, EU<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">25.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Renewables supplied 47.5% of electricity. The 2030 target is 42.5% of final energy.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>Eurostat<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FOO \u00b7 Food<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Grain maize outlook against the five-year average<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22123<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Sunflower was 10% below. Losses were concentrated in south-eastern Europe, outside the member set.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>Oct 2025<\/span><span>JRC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HLT \u00b7 Health<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Deaths linked to heat in summer 2024, 32 countries<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">62,775<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">deaths<\/span><p>A modelled estimate in a peer-reviewed study, not a death count. Italy accounts for about 19,000.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>ISGlobal<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">BIO \u00b7 Biodiversity<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Terrestrial area protected, EU<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">26.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Germany 39.1%, France 28.3%, Italy 21.4%. No Eurostat value for Switzerland.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2023<\/span><span>Eurostat<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SYS \u00b7 Cross-system<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">People affected by storms and floods in Europe<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">413,000<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">people<\/span><p>At least 335 deaths and at least EUR 18 billion of damage.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>Copernicus<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read in words, not scored. The reading states where the regional evidence points; the coupling column names the dependency that carries risk across <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and borders.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>Shared rivers; 37% of surface water bodies in good or high ecological status in 2021<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>; 70% of rivers below average flow in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT \u2192 ENE \u00b7 WAT \u2192 FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Renewables 47.5% of EU electricity in 2024; Russian gas imports 37.8 billion m\u00b3 in 2024 and being phased out<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Grain maize and sunflower below the five-year average in 2025, mainly in the south-east<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup>. Output series not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO \u2190 WAT, CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>About 62,775 heat-linked deaths in summer 2024 across 32 countries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT \u2190 CLI, ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Protected: 26.4% of EU land in 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup>. Condition not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO \u2194 WAT, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td>Floods in 2024 affected 413,000 people; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> area in 2025 was the largest on record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">forcing on all systems<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">grid failure<\/a> in 2025 showed voltage-control weakness<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup>. Cross-border flows not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Insured and uninsured flood losses by member not bound; ECB and ESRB frame climate risk to financial stability<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2190 CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Digital dependencies of lifelines under the network and information security directive; not mapped at public-safe resolution<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 ENE, FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>Data-centre and compute demand on grids and water not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>Mineral and fuel trade not bound at baseline.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN \u2190 TRD<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>Gas and LNG trade routes are changing under the phase-out regulation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen global sectors are screened on the same grammar as every national edition, so later editions can say what changed. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>compound drought, heat and grid stress<\/td><td>dry, hot summer across member borders<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>37% of surface water bodies in good or high status<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>low flows on shared basins<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>renewables 47.5% of EU electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>gas supply; voltage control<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food<\/td><td>maize and sunflower below average in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>drought and heat<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health<\/td><td>about 62,775 heat-linked deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat load on services<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance<\/td><td>loss series not bound<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development<\/td><td>not read at regional level<\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate<\/td><td>2040 target in law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat, flood and fire<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster<\/td><td>floods affected 413,000 people in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>compound and sequential events<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> analysis published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>grid voltage control<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities<\/td><td>not read at regional level<\/td><td>urban heat<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>26.4% of EU land protected<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>condition not bound<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth observation<\/td><td>Copernicus assessments published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>continuity of records<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and digital<\/td><td>dependencies not mapped<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>systemic outages<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy<\/td><td>Climate Law, gas phase-out and nature law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>coordination across levels<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science<\/td><td>peer-reviewed heat and compound-event record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>translation to members<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), MARS Bulletin: crop monitoring in Europe, October 2025 (grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, from search summaries). JRC, Ispra. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Central Bank and European <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 systemic-risk\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Risk that the failure or disruption of parts of an interconnected system propagates through its dependencies to impair the functioning of the whole, often beyond the sector or place where it began. It arises from\u2026\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/glossary\/systemic-risk\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Forum glossary\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/cross-stream-practicum\/\" data-tal=\"Cross-Stream Practicum\">Systemic Risk<\/a> Board (eds.), Towards macroprudential frameworks for managing climate risk. ECB, Frankfurt, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2555 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2024\/1991 on nature restoration. Official Journal of the European Union, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c3-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four regional risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence; loss metrics are added only where they can be modelled.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>17 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-EUR-CLI-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Cross-border river flood and storm season<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>extreme rainfall on saturated catchments<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>river corridors and floodplain towns<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>ageing flood defences not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>flood warning exchange; documented<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 INF, FIN, HLT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>annual<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-EUR-WAT-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Low flow on shared rivers in a dry year<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>low rainfall and high summer demand<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>navigation, cooling water, farming<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>dependence on a few river corridors<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>basin commissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>WAT \u2192 ENE, FOO<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-EUR-HLT-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Heat overload of health services<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>heat waves<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>older adults; outdoor workers<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>limited cooling; workforce not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>health system capacity not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 HLT \u2192 ENE peak<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>seasonal<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-EUR-ENE-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Gas or grid disruption during the transition<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>supply route change, price spike or a voltage fault<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>power, industry, heating<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>storage depth and cross-border flows not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>transmission operators and the ENTSO-E panel recommendations<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>TRD \u2192 ENE \u2192 FOO, FIN<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence at the regional level, from a policy listing to performance in real events.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>European Climate Law in force, amended in 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>Eurostat, EEA and Copernicus series are published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: weather and flood-warning services \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>European climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a> published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>; critical entities directive in force<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup>; delivery not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: gas storage platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: after-action records for flood and heat events \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>critical entities and network security directives apply<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: recovery agency and insurer records \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>water resilience strategy published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n47\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r47\" aria-label=\"Note 47\">47<\/a><\/sup>; delivery not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: income-support and disaster-payment records \u00b7 blocker: not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: insurer and reinsurer loss data \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved; macroprudential framing exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>basin commissions and the transmission operators\u2019 association exist<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: asset-condition registers \u00b7 blocker: not published<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: health and emergency workforce registers \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>peer-reviewed heat and compound-event research is published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ed.), Danube river basin (801,463 km2, 19 countries; the page opened was refused). ICPDR, Vienna. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (European Climate Law). Official Journal of the European Union, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), European Climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">Risk Assessment<\/a> (EEA Report 01\/2024, 11 March 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2557 on the resilience of critical entities. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2555 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission (ed.), European Water Resilience Strategy. European Commission, Brussels, 2025. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r47\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 47\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Central Bank and European <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 systemic-risk\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Risk that the failure or disruption of parts of an interconnected system propagates through its dependencies to impair the functioning of the whole, often beyond the sector or place where it began. It arises from\u2026\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/glossary\/systemic-risk\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Forum glossary\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/cross-stream-practicum\/\" data-tal=\"Cross-Stream Practicum\">Systemic Risk<\/a> Board (eds.), Towards macroprudential frameworks for managing climate risk. ECB, Frankfurt, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Dry, hot summer across the Rhine corridor and the Alpine grid<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>2 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>an extended heat wave in a dry year, with low flow on shared rivers and high power demand<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>2025 river flows<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>; summer 2024 heat deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>; Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> 2025 for grid failure<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled, the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified Foundry run scheduled for Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">low flows cut navigation and cooling water on shared rivers<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">rivers 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">heat raises hospital stays and deaths<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">summer 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">peak cooling demand coincides with constrained generation<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">no analogue bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">INF \u2192 all<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">a voltage fault spreads across a synchronous grid<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">losses fall on households, insurers and budgets<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 recovery<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">rebuilding slows where cover is thin<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01 would travel through Europe&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Climate to water<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Low flows cut navigation and cooling water on shared rivers. Analogue or source: rivers 2025 [7].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Climate to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Heat raises hospital stays and deaths. Analogue or source: summer 2024 [22].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Energy to infrastructure<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Peak cooling demand coincides with constrained generation. Analogue or source: no analogue bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Infrastructure to all<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A voltage fault spreads across a synchronous grid. Analogue or source: Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> 2025 [12].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Health to finance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Losses fall on households, insurers and budgets. Analogue or source: loss series not bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Finance to recovery<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Rebuilding slows where cover is thin. Analogue or source: loss series not bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-EUR, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01, step 6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Europe 2026, scenario SCN-EUR-DRY-01<\/a> (2026); Europe 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c5-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The regional baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>14 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>40 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of European risk: heat, flood and dry years act on water, energy and health together. Evidence is strongest for population, emissions and the electricity mix, and weakest for losses, cross-border flows and the condition of nature.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-001 \u00b7 CLI-006 \u00b7 WAT-009 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people risk arrives as a flood warning, a heat day or a price change. The baseline asks that public debate weigh how shared rivers and shared grids make one member\u2019s event another member\u2019s problem.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-006 \u00b7 HLT-007 \u00b7 ENE-005<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Insured and uninsured loss series by member are not bound, and macroprudential work on climate risk exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup>. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an endorsement.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-006 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Europe publishes strong statistics on emissions, energy and climate, and a clear legal frame for 2040. The 2027 programme should bind loss, gas-stock and cross-border flow data, test the dry summer, and measure the condition of nature.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 A-01 \u00b7 A-02<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for Europe. The standards are preparatory working drafts (October 2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability have been developed?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests reveal?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What did the year establish, and what changes next?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Europe regional pathway<\/td><td>regional pathway: hubs named in the registry<\/td><td>regional Commons room<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. Adoption of any standard in a member country is a decision of that country\u2019s standards body.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Floods, heat and grid faults do not stop at a frontier. The baseline treats the shared basin and the shared grid as the units of analysis, with member countries as the places where the effects land.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>Risk crosses the border first<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The European Union has its own edition in the series. This edition reads Europe as five member countries named in the registry and uses union totals only as a reference group. The two are never joined on a code alone.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>A union is not a region<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The gas phase-out and the Iberian blackout point the same way: security depends on diversity of routes and on control of the grid, not on volume alone.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>Supply security is a design question<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Several data that matter most for risk, including storage depth, cross-border flows and losses by member, could not be read at evidence close. The edition shows each gap and the source that would fill it.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>Gaps are findings too<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from working groups, consortium institutions and invited experts begin with the Q1 2027 edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 regional readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the 2027 regional cycle. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">2027 regional readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>Regional risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five regional system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 7 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>Federation delivery register<\/td><td>editions in programme as listed in the series registry<\/td><td>regional and sector baselines<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>Consortium capability register<\/td><td>national consortia forming<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>Leadership questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>national environments prepared<\/td><td>first federation cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first federation-wide cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no state or organisation.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ADOPTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SUBMITTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">UNDER REVIEW<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>European Climate Law, Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119, amended by (EU) 2026\/667<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE \u00b7 AMENDED 2026<\/td><td>2040 target<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Phase-out of Russian gas, Regulation (EU) 2026\/261<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE FROM 3 FEB 2026<\/td><td>gas supply<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carbon border adjustment, Regulation (EU) 2023\/956<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>trade and emissions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nature Restoration Regulation (EU) 2024\/1991<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>habitats<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water Framework Directive 2000\/60\/EC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU basins<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>water status<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Critical entities directive (EU) 2022\/2557<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>lifeline resilience<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Network and information security directive (EU) 2022\/2555<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU institutions<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>digital dependencies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Convention on transboundary watercourses<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNECE<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>shared rivers<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> 2015\u20132030<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNDRR<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">risk reduction<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kunming-Montreal Framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CBD<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2022<\/td><td>30by30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The amended Climate Law set a 2040 target of 90% below 1990 and entered into force in April 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The Russian gas phase-out regulation entered into effect in February 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The ENTSO-E panel published its final <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> report in March 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Implementing proposals for the 2040 target<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The January 2027 and September 2027 steps of the gas phase-out<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Application of the nature restoration plans by members<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. A change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review: science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers peer-reviewed science, regional and international assessments and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Full systematic reviews begin in Q1 2027 for each agenda item.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about Europe\u2019s coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity risks across its member countries?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>peer-reviewed literature; regional and international assessments; official releases; statutory instruments<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items A-01 to A-05 in Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Science and assessments<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Lee and Romero (eds.)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>forcing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>McElwee et al. (eds.)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>nexus interlinkages<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zscheischler et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>compound events<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ISGlobal heat estimate<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal study<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>heat mortality<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>agency assessment<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>risk framing<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Institutional reports<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>European State of the Climate 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Copernicus and WMO<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>floods<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>European State of the Climate 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Copernicus and WMO<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>rivers, fire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Europe\u2019s state of water<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EEA<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>water status<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a> final report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>ENTSO-E expert panel<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>grid failure<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas market report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IEA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>gas supply<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Official statistics and regional sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population on 1 January<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Eurostat<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable energy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Eurostat<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>power mix<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gas emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Eurostat and EEA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>climate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas imports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Eurostat<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>supply, nature<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK population and emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>ONS and DESNZ<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>profile, climate<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Industry, grid and international sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Renewable capacity statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IRENA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>capacity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GB interconnectors<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Ofgem<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>grid links<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GB electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>DESNZ<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>power mix<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rhine and Danube basin facts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>river commissions<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>shared basins<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Crop monitoring bulletin<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>JRC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>food<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Europe is warming faster than the global mean, and heat, flood and fire records are rising<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Compound and sequential hazards load health and services together<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Surface waters remain far from good status<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>How much of the emissions change reflects land use, which the member series treat on different bases<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How fast the gas phase-out can proceed while keeping storage and prices stable<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How many heat deaths remain unrecorded<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEWS AND PREPRINTS<\/p><p>No news report or preprint binds a finding in this edition. News is used only to date events; preprints used from Q1 2027 will be flagged as not peer-reviewed.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Central Bank and European <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 systemic-risk\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Risk that the failure or disruption of parts of an interconnected system propagates through its dependencies to impair the functioning of the whole, often beyond the sector or place where it began. It arises from\u2026\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/glossary\/systemic-risk\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Forum glossary\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/cross-stream-practicum\/\" data-tal=\"Cross-Stream Practicum\">Systemic Risk<\/a> Board (eds.), Towards macroprudential frameworks for managing climate risk. ECB, Frankfurt, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (European Climate Law). Official Journal of the European Union, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2023\/956 establishing a carbon border adjustment mechanism. Official Journal of the European Union, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2024\/1991 on nature restoration. Official Journal of the European Union, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive 2000\/60\/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities, 2000. Observation year 2000. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2557 on the resilience of critical entities. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2555 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. UNECE, Geneva, 1992. Observation year 1992. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), European Climate Risk Assessment (EEA Report 01\/2024, 11 March 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, full report; burnt area of about 1.03 million hectares taken from a search summary. ECMWF, Reading. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Energy Agency (ed.), Gas Market Report (latest quarterly edition at evidence close). IEA, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), EU population up by 1.1 million on 1 January 2025 (news release, 450.4 million). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 11 July 2025. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures (statistics page, released 2 April 2026; figures not on the page opened). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures, statistical release (net territorial emissions 367 MtCO2e, 2% below 2024, 54% below 1990, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026. IRENA, Abu Dhabi. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ofgem (ed.), Electricity interconnectors (Great Britain capacity about 10.3 GW, another Ofgem page gives 9.8 GW; the page opened did not state capacity). Ofgem, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), Energy Trends: UK electricity 2025 (renewables 52.5% of generation, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ed.), Danube river basin (801,463 km2, 19 countries; the page opened was refused). ICPDR, Vienna. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), MARS Bulletin: crop monitoring in Europe, October 2025 (grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, from search summaries). JRC, Ispra. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 Regional Agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due at the Q1 2027 cut.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How would a dry, hot summer load shared rivers, health services and the grid across member borders?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-CLI-01 \u00b7 compound summer stress; first output: dependency graph for the Rhine corridor.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How deep are gas stocks and how diverse are supply routes after the Russian gas phase-out?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-ENE-02 \u00b7 gas supply resilience; first output: stock-and-route register.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How do low flows on shared basins reach navigation, cooling water and farming?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-WAT-03 \u00b7 shared basins; first output: basin performance note for the Rhine.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How many deaths can be attributed to heat, by member and year?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-HLT-04 \u00b7 heat and health; first output: attribution baseline for three members.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where do flood and storm losses fall between insurers, households and public budgets?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-FIN-05 \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a>; first output: peril-by-member loss table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What is the conservation status of habitats and how is it measured across members?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-EUR-BIO-01 \u00b7 workstream; first output: condition indicator note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How exposed are crop output and food access to concurrent drought, heat and price shocks?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in Q1 2027; first output: scoping note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which capabilities have been tested in real events, and which are only documented?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">Regional capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for the 2027 regional portfolio. They are programme objects, no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-EUR-CLI-01<\/span><\/td><td>Compound summer stress: rivers, heat and grid<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-EUR-ENE-02<\/span><\/td><td>Gas supply and grid resilience<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-EUR-WAT-03<\/span><\/td><td>Shared basins in dry years<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-EUR-HLT-04<\/span><\/td><td>Heat and health attribution<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-EUR-FIN-05<\/span><\/td><td>Flood and storm <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PRJ-EUR-CLI-01a<\/span><\/td><td>Rhine corridor compound summer dependency graph<\/td><td>Project<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-EUR-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Rivers, heat and grid Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The Europe regional pathway is the route through which the Nexus operating system will read Europe as one region from 2027. At baseline the pathway is designed and its hubs are named in the series registry; its working arrangements are set from Q1 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next, nothing more.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Foundries<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">continuous national evidence environments<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PREPARED \u00b7 first sealed cuts in Q1 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Models and Portfolios<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">each country as a system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANADA v0 ISSUED \u00b7 25 further national baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Quarterly national reports<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">State &amp; Agenda, Evidence, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a>, Annual<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE STAGE \u00b7 Q1 2027 opens the series<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Regional aggregation<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Europe as one of ten regional clusters<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">THIS EDITION \u00b7 annual regional cut from 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global sector and strategic models<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">GS-01\u202615 \u00b7 SR-01\u202614 \u00b7 XT-01\u202620<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">49 PLANNED \u00b7 pilots: GS-01, SR-01, XT-01<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 global mandate in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global Report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">this series<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE ISSUED \u00b7 2027 annual edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">one graph, many projections<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first federation-wide correction cycle in 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027: evidence pack for the regional candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027: evidence pack for the regional candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>2027 regional annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-EUR-2027-01 \u00b7 Rivers, heat and grid Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor (NLC) \u00b7 Institutional anchor (NNC) \u00b7 Mission lead (NWG)<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CLI-001 \u00b7 emissions<\/td><td>public record<\/td><td>reference for the 2027 series<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CLI-006 \u00b7 floods 2024<\/td><td>INI-EUR-CLI-01<\/td><td>compound summer graph<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-004 \u00b7 gas imports<\/td><td>INI-EUR-ENE-02<\/td><td>gas supply resilience<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-005 \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a><\/td><td>INI-EUR-ENE-02<\/td><td>grid resilience<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-008 \u00b7 water status<\/td><td>INI-EUR-WAT-03<\/td><td>shared basins<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HLT-007 \u00b7 heat deaths<\/td><td>INI-EUR-HLT-04<\/td><td>heat and health attribution<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BIO-011 \u00b7 protected areas<\/td><td>INI-EUR-BIO-01<\/td><td>condition indicator<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-EUR-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the federation<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. States and organisations receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from Q1 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Copernicus climate and river-flow records<\/td><td>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service<\/td><td>monthly<\/td><td>CLI and WAT findings<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas storage and flows<\/td><td>Gas Infrastructure Europe<\/td><td>daily<\/td><td>ENE-004<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity flows and events<\/td><td>ENTSO-E<\/td><td>hourly<\/td><td>ENE-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population<\/td><td>Eurostat and ONS<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gas inventories<\/td><td>EEA and DESNZ<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI-001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water body status<\/td><td>EEA<\/td><td>six-yearly<\/td><td>WAT-008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Crop monitoring<\/td><td>JRC<\/td><td>monthly in season<\/td><td>FOO-010<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">quarterly publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-EUR-001<\/td><td>Record of 2024 floods<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 INF<\/td><td>risk object RSK-EUR-CLI-001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-EUR-002<\/td><td>Summer 2024 heat deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 HLT<\/td><td>research question A-04<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-EUR-003<\/td><td>Low flows in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>WAT \u00b7 ENE<\/td><td>research question A-03<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c7-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>21 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Member countries: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The five member countries named in the series registry, read side by side on the same indicators. The European Union is a separate subject: its totals appear only as a reference group, because the United Kingdom and Switzerland are outside it.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">450.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>EU population, 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3,017<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>EU emissions excluding land use, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">25.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>EU renewables share of final energy, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Member system cards at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>France<\/td><td>population 68.9 million (provisional); emissions 367.0 Mt; renewables 23.2% of final energy and 31.3% of electricity; 28.3% of land protected<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Germany<\/td><td>population 83.6 million; emissions 649.8 Mt; renewables 22.5% and 54.1%; 39.1% protected; Boris floods in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Italy<\/td><td>population 58.9 million; emissions 363.5 Mt; renewables 19.4% and 40.7%; 21.4% protected; about 19,000 heat-linked deaths in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United Kingdom<\/td><td>population 69.3 million (mid-2024); net territorial emissions 367 Mt (2025 provisional); renewables 52.5% of electricity (2025)<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Switzerland<\/td><td>population 9.05 million; emissions 40.1 Mt; electricity statistics for 2025 not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU reference group<\/td><td>EU27 totals: 450.6 million people; 3,017.2 Mt; 25.2% renewables<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings across members<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 WAT across the Rhine corridor (Switzerland, Germany, France)<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 ENE through shared grids and gas supply<\/li><li>HLT \u2190 CLI heat across Italy and its neighbours<\/li><li>FIN \u2190 CLI losses carried by insurers across borders<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>member emissions on one basis including land use<\/li><li>flood loss and heat death series by member<\/li><li>Swiss and United Kingdom protected-area shares<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Member releases of greenhouse gas inventories, the 2025 heat-mortality estimate and the flood-loss series by member<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Each member keeps ownership of its own edition. This chapter compares indicators; it assesses no member and builds no league table.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Shared basins and grids: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Shared basins, grids and gas supply carry risk across member borders. This chapter names each system, the members involved and the evidence read at baseline. Rows without a source are designed empty states.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">185,000<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">km\u00b2<\/span><p>Rhine basin, as reported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">801,463<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">km\u00b2<\/span><p>Danube basin<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">10.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">GW<\/span><p>Great Britain interconnector capacity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Shared basins and seas<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Basin<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Members involved<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Rhine<\/td><td>Switzerland, Germany, France; nine states in the basin<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Danube<\/td><td>Germany; Italy and Switzerland shares not bound; 19 countries in the basin<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rh\u00f4ne<\/td><td>France and Switzerland; no source read<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Po<\/td><td>Italy and Switzerland; no source read<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Shared grids and gas networks<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Grid<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Members involved<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Continental Europe grid<\/td><td>France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland operate in one synchronous area; capacity and flow series not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Great Britain links<\/td><td>about 10.3 GW to France, Norway and Denmark; another Ofgem page gives 9.8 GW<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas supply<\/td><td>EU imports from Russia 37.8 billion m\u00b3 in 2024; phase-out law in effect<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas storage<\/td><td>fill level at 1 November 2026 not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">Blackout<\/a> analogue<\/td><td>voltage control failure spread across the Iberian system in April 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings through shared systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE low flow into cooling water and hydropower<\/li><li>INF \u2192 ENE a grid fault crossing borders<\/li><li>TRD \u2192 ENE gas route change into power prices<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 FOO irrigation and navigation<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Rhine low-water days and navigation depth<\/li><li>Danube shares of Germany, Italy and Switzerland<\/li><li>cross-border flows and capacity<\/li><li>gas storage depth<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>River-flow forecasts for the Rhine corridor, the January and September 2027 steps of the gas phase-out and the follow-up actions from the blackout report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Basin commissions, transmission operators and regulators hold these mandates. This chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Hub list: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The hubs the series registry names for this region and for its member countries. The list is read from the registry, so a change there changes this page.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Registry<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Regional hubs<\/dt><dd>Paris \u00b7 Geneva<\/dd><dt>Desks with a remit<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 GRX<\/dd><dt>Registry record<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Member hubs as the registry names them<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Hub<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Registry role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Member edition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Paris<\/td><td>France<\/td><td>G20 \u00b7 hub<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>not named in the registry<\/td><td>Germany<\/td><td>G20<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>not named in the registry<\/td><td>Italy<\/td><td>G20<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>not named in the registry<\/td><td>United Kingdom<\/td><td>G20<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Geneva<\/td><td>Switzerland<\/td><td>Seat (Swiss Nexus)<\/td><td>in preparation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What a hub does in this series<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Hub terms of reference are not set at baseline<\/li><li>Hub contact points are not named at baseline<\/li><li>The registry names the hubs and the desks with a remit; working arrangements follow from Q1 2027<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A hub is a place named in the registry. It is not an institution, an office or a mandate, and it gives no authority over any member.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Regional pathway: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The regional pathway is the route through which the series will read Europe as one region from 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next. It does not describe any body that has not been constituted.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The regional pathway at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Stage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What exists today<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Regional hubs<\/td><td>Paris and Geneva are named in the series registry<\/td><td>NAMED<\/td><td>terms set from Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Desks<\/td><td>GCRI, GRF and GRX hold the remit for regional editions in the registry<\/td><td>NAMED<\/td><td>work plan for Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence graph<\/td><td>member and regional findings share identifiers<\/td><td>PREPARED<\/td><td>first sealed cut NQ-REG-EUR-2027-Q1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Member editions<\/td><td>France drafted (pack in review); Germany drafted (pack in review); Italy drafted (pack in review); United Kingdom drafted (pack in review); Switzerland in preparation<\/td><td>MIXED<\/td><td>review through the chain before release<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Open at baseline<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Constitution of any regional council or working group<\/li><li>Hub terms of reference and contact points<\/li><li>The route to the European Union edition in the series<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Decisions that rest elsewhere<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Energy, water and health policy rest with national and union authorities<\/li><li>Union law is made by the EU institutions; this edition cites it and decides nothing<\/li><li>The EU subject has its own edition and is not merged with Europe on code<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>The pathway is a design. It does not set priorities for a government or a union and assesses no authority.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures, statistical release (net territorial emissions 367 MtCO2e, 2% below 2024, 54% below 1990, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), Energy Trends: UK electricity 2025 (renewables 52.5% of generation, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Swiss Federal Office of Energy (ed.), Swiss overall energy statistics 2025, electricity (extract carries an amendment dated 19 June 2026). SFOE, Bern. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ed.), Danube river basin (801,463 km2, 19 countries; the page opened was refused). ICPDR, Vienna. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ofgem (ed.), Electricity interconnectors (Great Britain capacity about 10.3 GW, another Ofgem page gives 9.8 GW; the page opened did not state capacity). Ofgem, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. UNECE, Geneva, 1992. Observation year 1992. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters. UNECE, Geneva, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ENTSO-E (ed.), Transparency platform and Continental Europe synchronous area data (cross-border flows and capacity not read). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>12 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>13 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The regional baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>Germany\u2019s share of EU emissions excluding land use, 2024<\/td><td>649.77 \u00f7 3,017.19<\/td><td>21.5%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>France\u2019s share of EU emissions excluding land use, 2024<\/td><td>367.02 \u00f7 3,017.19<\/td><td>12.2%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>Italy\u2019s share of EU emissions excluding land use, 2024<\/td><td>363.49 \u00f7 3,017.19<\/td><td>12.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Italy\u2019s share of heat-linked deaths in summer 2024 (about)<\/td><td>19,000 \u00f7 62,775<\/td><td>30.3%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season, in more than one region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at regional scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card: Regional System Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-EUR-REGIONAL \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent Europe as coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> across member countries, with forcing and transmission layers<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of systems<\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from assessments and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against federation evidence in 2027<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>regional scale; not for national, basin or asset-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings to measure first; explaining the coupled reading of risk in Europe.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, country comparisons or rankings, operational decisions, or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The regional baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Federation cuts begin with the first national Foundry cuts in 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-EUR-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>50 cited sources, each at the edition and access date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-EUR-2027-Q1-1 at the Q1 2027 close<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the federation cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2027 regional annual<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>national, regional and sector cuts through one graph<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>Regional System Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to federation evidence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td>not recorded<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK population<\/td><td>mid-2024<\/td><td>Sep 2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable shares<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>Dec 2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gases, EU<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>Apr 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK emissions<\/td><td>2025 provisional<\/td><td>Apr 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>final in Feb 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Russian gas imports<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>not recorded<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water body status<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td>Oct 2024<\/td><td>six-yearly<\/td><td>next planning cycle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>European State of the Climate<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Apr 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected areas<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>not recorded<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Climate and hazards<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>losses by member<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>gas storage; cross-border flows<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>Rhine low-water series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>cereal output; food access<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>heat deaths in 2025<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>habitat conservation status<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>insured and uninsured losses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Digital<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>dependency mapping<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Designed empty states: what is not bound, what would fill it and why<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source that would fill it<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Blocker<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>EU gas storage fill level at 1 November 2026<\/td><td>Gas Infrastructure Europe transparency platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not retrieved; the figures found in search were secondary and conflicted<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cereal production for 2024 and 2025, EU and members<\/td><td>Eurostat crop production dataset<\/td><td>the query returned no values on 2026-11-03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Swiss electricity production and hydropower share for 2025<\/td><td>Swiss Federal Office of Energy overall energy statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the 2025 table carries an amendment dated 19 June 2026 and could not be reconciled<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h75\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.climate-sensitive.heat-illness-surge\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Climate-sensitive illness\" data-td=\"A rise in heatstroke, dehydration and heat-worsened heart, lung and kidney illness during hot spells, overwhelming emergency care and killing older and isolated people.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H75\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">Heat-related deaths<\/a> in summer 2025<\/td><td>follow-up to the summer 2024 estimate<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not found at evidence close<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Habitats in favourable conservation status, 2019 to 2024 cycle<\/td><td>EEA State of nature and the Article 17 reporting portal<\/td><td>headline percentages not found at evidence close<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Terrestrial protected-area share for Switzerland and the United Kingdom<\/td><td>Eurostat protected-area series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup> and national statistics<\/td><td>Eurostat returned no value for Switzerland; the United Kingdom is outside the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of the UK population aged 65 or over<\/td><td>ONS mid-2024 estimates<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the release page did not state it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Member emissions on one basis including land use<\/td><td>national inventories submitted to the UNFCCC<\/td><td>bases differ across<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>,<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup> and<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rhine low-water days and navigation depth<\/td><td>Rhine commission and national waterway agencies<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Danube catchment share of Germany, Italy and Switzerland<\/td><td>Danube commission country tables<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>country shares not read<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Insured and uninsured losses of the 2024 floods by member<\/td><td>insurers\u2019 associations and reinsurers<\/td><td>not retrieved; the damage total in<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup> is a Europe-wide estimate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cross-border flows and capacity in the Continental Europe grid<\/td><td>ENTSO-E transparency platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">early warning<\/a>, reserves, response, recovery, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">social protection<\/a>, infrastructure, workforce<\/td><td>civil protection, weather services, utilities and ministries<\/td><td>not reviewed by evidence close<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards: two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by Eurostat. Annual. Role: binds the population figures in the profile and regional reading. The EU figure is provisional and differs from the 450.4 million in the July 2025 release [2].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-EUR-001<\/h3><p>Population on 1 January 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the European Environment Agency. Six-yearly cycle, 2021 data. Role: binds the water status findings. Coverage is the members that reported to the agency.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-EUR-002<\/h3><p>Europe\u2019s state of water 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-EUR-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-EUR-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>EU, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland; the United Kingdom from its own statistics office<\/td><td>member states that reported to the agency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>about 6 months after the reference date<\/td><td>about 3 years after the reference year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>provisional flags on EU and France<\/td><td>next planning cycle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>published methodology<\/td><td>published methodology<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>not assessed in this edition<\/td><td>not assessed in this edition<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in Q1 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>EEA greenhouse gas inventory<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup> : land-use treatment on one basis<\/li><li>Gas storage platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup> : depth and flows<\/li><li>ENTSO-E transparency platform<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup> : cross-border flows<\/li><li>Reports Foundational Edition<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n48\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r48\" aria-label=\"Note 48\">48<\/a><\/sup> and the global baseline<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n49\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r49\" aria-label=\"Note 49\">49<\/a><\/sup> : method and peer distributions<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>water, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CBAM<\/td><td>Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DESNZ<\/td><td>Department for Energy Security and Net Zero<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EEA<\/td><td>European Environment Agency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENTSO-E<\/td><td>European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU<\/td><td>European Union<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GIE<\/td><td>Gas Infrastructure Europe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ICPR<\/td><td>International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ICPDR<\/td><td>International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>JRC<\/td><td>Joint Research Centre<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LNG<\/td><td>liquefied natural gas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LULUCF<\/td><td>land use, land-use change and forestry<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ONS<\/td><td>Office for National Statistics<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UNECE<\/td><td>United Nations Economic Commission for Europe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WFD<\/td><td>Water Framework Directive<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WMO<\/td><td>World Meteorological Organization<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-tab13\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.13<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the regional indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-EUR-DRY-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>Member-country notes<\/td><td>atlas cards for every member country<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition: emissions excluding land use<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>annual greenhouse gas emissions without land use, land-use change and forestry, and without memo items<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>Mt CO\u2082e<\/dd><dt>Scope<\/dt><dd>calendar year<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>Eurostat greenhouse gas emissions dataset<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Revision<\/dt><dd>revised by the issuer; not tracked here<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>differs from the EEA net inventory figure, which includes land use<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Swiss Federal Office of Energy (ed.), Swiss overall energy statistics 2025, electricity (extract carries an amendment dated 19 June 2026). SFOE, Bern. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures, statistical release (net territorial emissions 367 MtCO2e, 2% below 2024, 54% below 1990, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ed.), Danube river basin (801,463 km2, 19 countries; the page opened was refused). ICPDR, Vienna. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ENTSO-E (ed.), Transparency platform and Continental Europe synchronous area data (cross-border flows and capacity not read). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r48\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 48\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-n49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition (draft pack read as the structural base of this edition). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-ca-r49\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 49\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>10 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>7 tables<\/span><span>28 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>EU population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">450.6<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Germany population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">83.6<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>France population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">68.9<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United Kingdom population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">69.3<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>mid-2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Italy population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">58.9<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Switzerland population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">9.05<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>1 Jan 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU emissions excluding land use<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">3,017.2<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Germany emissions excluding land use<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">649.8<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of EU emissions, Germany<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">21.5<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU net emissions, inventory basis<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">2,786<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU renewables share of final energy<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">25.2<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EU renewables share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">47.5<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Russian gas imports, EU<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">37,843<\/span><\/td><td>million m\u00b3<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>People affected by storms and floods<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">413,000<\/span><\/td><td>people<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Surface water bodies in good or high status<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">37<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Terrestrial protected area, EU<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">26.4<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas storage fill level<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cereal production<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>tonnes<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Swiss electricity, hydropower share<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat-linked deaths, summer 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>deaths<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0AEU%20population%2C450.6%2Cmillion%2C1%20Jan%202025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AGermany%20population%2C83.6%2Cmillion%2C1%20Jan%202025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AFrance%20population%2C68.9%2Cmillion%2C1%20Jan%202025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AUnited%20Kingdom%20population%2C69.3%2Cmillion%2Cmid-2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B14%5D%0AItaly%20population%2C58.9%2Cmillion%2C1%20Jan%202025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0ASwitzerland%20population%2C9.05%2Cmillion%2C1%20Jan%202025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AEU%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%2C%223%2C017.2%22%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0AGermany%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%2C649.8%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0A%22Share%20of%20EU%20emissions%2C%20Germany%22%2C21.5%2C%25%2C2024%2CESTIMATED%2C%5B5%5D%0A%22EU%20net%20emissions%2C%20inventory%20basis%22%2C%222%2C786%22%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0AEU%20renewables%20share%20of%20final%20energy%2C25.2%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0AEU%20renewables%20share%20of%20electricity%2C47.5%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0A%22Russian%20gas%20imports%2C%20EU%22%2C%2237%2C843%22%2Cmillion%20m%C2%B3%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B13%5D%0APeople%20affected%20by%20storms%20and%20floods%2C%22413%2C000%22%2Cpeople%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B9%5D%0ASurface%20water%20bodies%20in%20good%20or%20high%20status%2C37%2C%25%2C2021%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0A%22Terrestrial%20protected%20area%2C%20EU%22%2C26.4%2C%25%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B45%5D%0AGas%20storage%20fill%20level%2CNot%20bound%2C%25%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B42%5D%0ACereal%20production%2CNot%20bound%2Ctonnes%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B1%5D%0A%22Swiss%20electricity%2C%20hydropower%20share%22%2CNot%20bound%2C%25%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B21%5D%0A%22Heat-linked%20deaths%2C%20summer%202025%22%2CNot%20bound%2Cdeaths%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B22%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22Europe%20Regional%20Systems%20Risk%20and%20Resilience%20Report%202026%3A%20Baseline%20Edition%2C%20The%20State%20of%20Europe%E2%80%99s%20Interdependent%20Systems.%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22EU%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22450.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%20Jan%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Germany%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2283.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%20Jan%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22France%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2268.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%20Jan%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22United%20Kingdom%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2269.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22mid-2024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B14%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Italy%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2258.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%20Jan%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Switzerland%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%229.05%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%20Jan%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22EU%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%223%2C017.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Germany%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22649.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Share%20of%20EU%20emissions%2C%20Germany%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2221.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22ESTIMATED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22EU%20net%20emissions%2C%20inventory%20basis%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222%2C786%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22EU%20renewables%20share%20of%20final%20energy%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2225.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22EU%20renewables%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2247.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Russian%20gas%20imports%2C%20EU%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2237%2C843%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20m%C2%B3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B13%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22People%20affected%20by%20storms%20and%20floods%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22413%2C000%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22people%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B9%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Surface%20water%20bodies%20in%20good%20or%20high%20status%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2237%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222021%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Terrestrial%20protected%20area%2C%20EU%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2226.4%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B45%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Gas%20storage%20fill%20level%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B42%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Cereal%20production%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22tonnes%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Swiss%20electricity%2C%20hydropower%20share%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B21%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Heat-linked%20deaths%2C%20summer%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22deaths%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B22%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Percentage shares are Nexus arithmetic and are labelled ESTIMATED; the method is in the technical layer. Rows marked NOT BOUND name the source that would fill them. The EU27 population is the dataset value and differs from the July 2025 release<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>. Member emissions are on the Eurostat excluding-land-use basis and the United Kingdom is not in that series. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>Regional source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">WAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">BIO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">CLI<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">INF<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">MIN<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>EU, UK<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable energy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>EU, members<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gases<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>agency and statistics<\/td><td>EU, members<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas imports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>European State of the Climate<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>agency assessment<\/td><td>region<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI, WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water status<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>agency assessment<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td>six-yearly<\/td><td>WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">Blackout<\/a> report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>expert panel<\/td><td>region<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>INF<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK releases<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>UK<\/td><td>2024\u20132026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile, ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed<\/td><td>region<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>HLT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>BIO<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading: Europe by member country<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Map plates for every member country follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form for the 5 member countries named in the series registry.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Selected populations<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/h3><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">83.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Germany<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">68.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>France<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">69.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>United Kingdom<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">58.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Italy<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading: Europe by member country<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>France<\/td><td>not bound here \u00b7 see the national edition<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n50\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>population 68.9 million (provisional); emissions 367.0 Mt; renewables 23.2%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Germany<\/td><td>river flooding in September 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h10\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.deficit.hydrological-drought\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Water deficit\" data-td=\"Streamflow, lake and reservoir levels falling below normal, restricting supply, hydropower and river navigation.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H10\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">low river flow<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>water, energy, infrastructure<\/td><td>population 83.6 million; emissions 649.8 Mt; renewables 22.5%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Italy<\/td><td>heat (about 19,000 deaths linked in summer 2024)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>; flooding in September 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>health, water<\/td><td>population 58.9 million; emissions 363.5 Mt; renewables 19.4%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United Kingdom<\/td><td>not bound here \u00b7 see the national edition<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>population 69.3 million; emissions 367 Mt net, provisional 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Switzerland<\/td><td>not bound here \u00b7 national edition in preparation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not bound<\/td><td>population 9.05 million; emissions 40.1 Mt<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any member country.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Atlas card: Rhine basin<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">basin<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">shared river system<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">navigation and cooling water<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">members: Switzerland, Germany, France<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>water, energy and freight<\/dd><dt>Defining instruments<\/dt><dd>Water Framework Directive<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup>; UNECE water convention<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE; WAT \u2192 FOO<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>an international river commission exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>low-water days, navigation depth and cooling-water limits<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>A-03<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The Rhine basin covers about 185,000 km\u00b2 and about 60 million people in nine states, as reported by the river commission; published figures vary [19]. Low-water series are not bound.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">WATER<\/h3><p>A shared river system<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Source: national waterway and utility records. Blocker: not retrieved at evidence close.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">ENERGY<\/h3><p>Cooling water and hydropower<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Source: national waterway agencies. Blocker: not retrieved at evidence close.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">FREIGHT<\/h3><p>Navigation depth<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Atlas cards are generated for every member country from Q2 2027 with consistent fields and evidence-age labels. The basin is shown first because it holds the clearest shared-water coupling among the members.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>Europe system card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The card through which Europe appears in the global edition and in the sector series. It summarises; it does not rank.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Europe system card<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline state<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>shared rivers; 37% of surface water in good or high status<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>low flow into energy and farming<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>renewables 47.5% of EU electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>; gas phase-out<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>supply route and voltage control<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>maize and sunflower below average<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>drought and heat<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>about 62,775 heat-linked deaths<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat load on services<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>26.4% of EU land protected<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>condition not bound<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Context<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Archetype<\/dt><dd>five interlinked members sharing basins and grids<\/dd><dt>Population<\/dt><dd>450.6 million in the EU (1 January 2025)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>; United Kingdom 69.3 million<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Trade<\/dt><dd>Russian gas imports 37.8 billion m\u00b3 in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Hazard<\/dt><dd>floods of 2024 affected 413,000 people<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The member editions (France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Switzerland) and this regional edition share finding identifiers where they read the same evidence, so a correction travels to every edition at once.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">MEMBER EDITIONS<\/h3><p>Same findings, same IDs<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Europe evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES<\/h3><p>Regional evidence, sector reports<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">In the global edition Europe is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL FLAGSHIP<\/h3><p>Peers, not ranks<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and each member\u2019s ownership of its own edition is unaffected.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>20 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-EUR-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Swiss Federal Office of Energy (ed.), Swiss overall energy statistics 2025, electricity (extract carries an amendment dated 19 June 2026). SFOE, Bern. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), EU population up by 1.1 million on 1 January 2025 (news release, 450.4 million). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 11 July 2025. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Environment Agency (ed.), Trends and projections in Europe 2025 (EU net emissions 37% below 1990 on the Climate Law basis, from search summaries). EEA, Copenhagen, November 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus Climate Change Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, full report; burnt area of about 1.03 million hectares taken from a search summary. ECMWF, Reading. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures (statistics page, released 2 April 2026; figures not on the page opened). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures, statistical release (net territorial emissions 367 MtCO2e, 2% below 2024, 54% below 1990, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ofgem (ed.), Electricity interconnectors (Great Britain capacity about 10.3 GW, another Ofgem page gives 9.8 GW; the page opened did not state capacity). Ofgem, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), Energy Trends: UK electricity 2025 (renewables 52.5% of generation, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Baseline Editions 2026 for France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom (draft packs; the Switzerland edition is in preparation). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r50\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 50\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive 2000\/60\/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities, 2000. Observation year 2000. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. UNECE, Geneva, 1992. Observation year 1992. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), MARS Bulletin: crop monitoring in Europe, October 2025 (grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, from search summaries). JRC, Ispra. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-eur-cb-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\">Europe 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>14 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>50 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Population on 1 January by age and sex (demo_pjan), EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), EU population up by 1.1 million on 1 January 2025 (news release, 450.4 million). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 11 July 2025. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Share of energy from renewable sources (nrg_ind_ren), overall and electricity, EU27, Germany, France and Italy. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), 25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables (news item). Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (env_air_gge), total excluding LULUCF, EU27, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (briefing, published 17 April 2026). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>WMO and Copernicus <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Service (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025 (series page, published 29 April 2026). WMO, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, full report; burnt area of about 1.03 million hectares taken from a search summary. ECMWF, Reading. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>Copernicus Climate Change Service and WMO (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024, Flooding (people affected, deaths, Storm Boris, Valencia). C3S, Reading. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), Europe\u2019s state of water 2024: the need for improved water resilience (EEA Report 07\/2024, 15 October 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>European Environment Agency (ed.), European Climate <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">Risk Assessment<\/a> (EEA Report 01\/2024, 11 March 2024). EEA, Copenhagen. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: expert panel final report (page opened; final report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Supply, transformation and consumption of gas, imports by partner (nrg_ti_gas), Russia, EU27, million cubic metres. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Office for National Statistics (ed.), Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: mid-2024 (released 26 September 2025). ONS, Newport. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures (statistics page, released 2 April 2026; figures not on the page opened). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), 2025 UK greenhouse gas emissions: provisional figures, statistical release (net territorial emissions 367 MtCO2e, 2% below 2024, 54% below 1990, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ofgem (ed.), Electricity interconnectors (Great Britain capacity about 10.3 GW, another Ofgem page gives 9.8 GW; the page opened did not state capacity). Ofgem, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (ed.), Energy Trends: UK electricity 2025 (renewables 52.5% of generation, from search summaries). DESNZ, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ed.), the Rhine river basin (about 185,000 km2, about 60 million inhabitants, nine states; published figures vary; the page opened returned not found). ICPR, Koblenz. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ed.), Danube river basin (801,463 km2, 19 countries; the page opened was refused). ICPDR, Vienna. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Swiss Federal Office of Energy (ed.), Swiss overall energy statistics 2025, electricity (extract carries an amendment dated 19 June 2026). SFOE, Bern. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISGlobal (ed.), Over 62,700 deaths associated with record-breaking heat during the summer of 2024 in Europe (press release on a peer-reviewed estimate; the page returned an error; journal title to be confirmed). ISGlobal, Barcelona. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/667 amending Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (2040 target; entry into force 7 April 2026, from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 18 March 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026\/261 on the phase-out of Russian gas imports (the page opened returned no text; dates from search summaries). Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2021\/1119 (European Climate Law). Official Journal of the European Union, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2023\/956 establishing a carbon border adjustment mechanism. Official Journal of the European Union, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2024\/1991 on nature restoration. Official Journal of the European Union, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive 2000\/60\/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities, 2000. Observation year 2000. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2557 on the resilience of critical entities. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2022\/2555 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union. Official Journal of the European Union, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council (eds.), Directive (EU) 2023\/2413 amending the renewable energy directive (2030 target of 42.5%; the target was also stated on the Eurostat page opened). Official Journal of the European Union, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes. UNECE, Geneva, 1992. Observation year 1992. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNECE (ed.), Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters. UNECE, Geneva, 2021. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Energy Agency (ed.), Gas Market Report (latest quarterly edition at evidence close). IEA, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026. IRENA, Abu Dhabi. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Central Bank and European Systemic Risk Board (eds.), Towards macroprudential frameworks for managing climate risk. ECB, Frankfurt, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: Gas Infrastructure Europe (ed.), AGSI+ gas storage transparency platform (EU fill level at 1 November 2026 not read). GIE, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: ENTSO-E (ed.), Transparency platform and Continental Europe synchronous area data (cross-border flows and capacity not read). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Environment Agency (ed.), Trends and projections in Europe 2025 (EU net emissions 37% below 1990 on the Climate Law basis, from search summaries). EEA, Copenhagen, November 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>Eurostat (ed.), Surface of the terrestrial protected areas (sdg_15_20), EU27, Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. Eurostat, Luxembourg. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), MARS Bulletin: crop monitoring in Europe, October 2025 (grain maize 3% and sunflower 10% below the five-year average, from search summaries). JRC, Ispra. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Commission (ed.), European Water Resilience Strategy. European Commission, Brussels, 2025. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition (draft pack read as the structural base of this edition). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-ref-50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Baseline Editions 2026 for France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom (draft packs; the Switzerland edition is in preparation). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>Europe Regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Edition 2026\u20132030<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the 2027 regional edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2027-Q1-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-eur-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">REG-EUR<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-eur-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-REG-EUR-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for Europe; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20Europe\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20Europe&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Europe\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20Europe\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Europe\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on Europe, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on Europe for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on Europe Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Europe\u2019s Interdependent Systems..&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Europe&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;Europe&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-eur-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-eur-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>REG-EUR edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> Europe 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; REG-EUR is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on Europe.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-eur\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.<\/p><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-erisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-reg-eur-full-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-erisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-reg-eur-full-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-erisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-reg-eur-full-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/urban-flood\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Urban flood<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/risk-information-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Risk information standards and interoperability<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/data\/identification-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Identification (the UNI)<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script><style>@media print { @page { margin: 20mm 17mm 20mm 17mm; @top-left { content: \"Nexus Reports\"; font: 500 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @top-right { content: \"Europe Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Europe\\002019 s Interdependent Systems. \\0000b7  Baseline Edition 2026\"; font: 400 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Sans\", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-left { content: \"NR-REGIONAL-EUR-2026-BASELINE \\0000b7  Draft, not released\"; font: 400 7pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-center { content: \"CC BY 4.0. 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