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\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\"><style>#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-nam-full.nxe{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:1180px;margin:0 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solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-nam-full.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-nam-full.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-nam-full.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-reg-nam-full.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">North America Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of North America\u2019s Interdependent Systems.<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">REG-NAM<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">North America 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut NQ-REG-NAM-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). North America Regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of North America\u2019s Interdependent Systems. (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. North America\u2019s risk travels through shared rivers, grids and pipelines<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Dry, hot summer across the Colorado and Rio Grande basins and the southern grids<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>14 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>North America, as the series reads it, is three member countries (Canada, the United States and Mexico) that share rivers, power grids and gas pipelines, and that trade under a single regional agreement. Together they had 515.4 million residents in 2025, of whom 341.8 million lived in the United States<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Canada reported 685 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024, 10.3% below 2005<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup>. On one common basis that excludes land use, the three members emitted 7,367 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup>. Hydropower supplied 54.0% of Canadian electricity in 2025, while oil, gas and coal supplied 75.4% of Mexican and 57.6% of United States electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. United States pipelines exported 2.42 trillion cubic feet of gas to Mexico in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. The Bureau of Reclamation issued its decision record for post-2026 Colorado River operations on 21 August 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>. Reservoir levels and the extent of drought at the close are not bound. Mexico delivered 884,861 acre-feet of Rio Grande water in the cycle that ended on 24 October 2025, against a treaty minimum of 1.75 million<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>. This Baseline Edition fixes the 2026 reference state from sources that could be read at evidence close. Where a national dataset could not be read, it shows as a designed empty state that names the source and the blocker. The edition decides nothing and ranks no member country.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the North America baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Canada reported 685 Mt in 2024. The three members together emitted 7,367 Mt excluding land use on the World Bank basis. Bases differ.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Where do emissions stand?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A 1909 treaty created the International Joint Commission for Canada and the United States, and a 1944 treaty sets Rio Grande and Colorado River deliveries between Mexico and the United States.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What governs the shared rivers?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Canada leans on hydropower, Mexico on oil, gas and coal, and the United States on a mixed supply.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How is electricity supplied?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">United States pipelines sent 2.42 trillion cubic feet to Mexico in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How tied is gas supply?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">The Bureau of Reclamation issued its record of decision on 21 August 2026. Reservoir levels at the close are not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What governs the Colorado River after 2026?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Canada burnt 14.6 million hectares in 2023. Drought extent in the United States at the close is not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How severe are drought and fire?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Insured and uninsured loss series are not bound in this edition.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Who carries disaster losses?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Low Colorado and Rio Grande supply, heat load and grid stress coinciding across member borders. SCN-NAM-DRY-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What will Q1 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Mexico delivered 884,861 acre-feet of Rio Grande water in the cycle that ended on 24 October 2025, against a treaty minimum of 1.75 million acre-feet per cycle.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-fig1-t\">Rio Grande deliveries, cycle ended 24 October 2025 (acre-feet)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Delivered by Mexico<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"50.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">884,861<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Treaty minimum<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">1,750,000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: International Boundary and Water Commission release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>, and the 1944 treaty terms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>. The delivery figure was not read from the issuer.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">Mexico\u2019s deliveries follow from the 1944 treaty and from conditions in the shared basin. A shortfall against the minimum matters on both sides of the border for farms and cities that rely on the river<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">515.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>residents of the three members, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">34.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">trillion US$<\/span><p>combined output at current prices, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7,367<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>emissions excluding land use, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">54.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>hydropower share of Canadian electricity, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2.42<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">trillion ft\u00b3<\/span><p>US pipeline gas exports to Mexico, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">members<\/span><p>Canada, United States, Mexico<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of North American risk: drought, heat and fire act on water, energy and health together.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people risk arrives as a smoke day, a water restriction or a price change.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Insured and uninsured loss series by member are not bound, and trade rules are under annual review.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>The region publishes strong statistics on emissions, reservoirs and drought.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the state of North America\u2019s water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in 2026 read across Canada, United States, Mexico. It reads the shared basins and grids that no single member controls, and sets out the questions the operational series will answer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a>, an official warning or a rating. It decides nothing about any institution or asset. Competent authorities keep every mandate they hold, and each member\u2019s ownership of its own edition is unaffected. It does not stand for the European Union, which is a separate subject in the series.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>Q1 2027 opens the operational series with a sealed Foundry evidence cut. Each later edition reports what changed against this baseline: new observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">North America\u2019s risk travels through shared rivers, grids and pipelines<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It assesses no authority and ranks no member country.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is North America\u2019s risk concentrated, and in which <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry shocks across member borders?<\/li><li>Which capabilities hold under compound stress, and which are only documented?<\/li><li>What must the 2027 programme measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Member system cards<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Shared basins and grids<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hub list<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Regional pathway<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>The three members had 515.4 million residents in 2025: 341.8 million in the United States, 132.0 million in Mexico and 41.7 million in Canada<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Their combined output was about 34.9 trillion US dollars at current prices, of which the United States produced 30.8 trillion<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. Mexico\u2019s own intercensal survey counted a smaller population than the World Bank figure<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline reads North America as a region whose members share basins, grids and supply routes, so that a shock in one reaches the others.<\/p><p>The forcing layer is visible in recent records. Canadian wildfires burnt more than 14.6 million hectares in 2023, forced more than 230,000 evacuations and, by mid-August 2025, had burnt more than 7.5 million hectares again<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup>. The extent of drought in the United States at the close is not bound.<\/p><p>The water layer is the clearest shared coupling. Reservoir levels at the close are not bound. The Bureau of Reclamation issued its record of decision for post-2026 operations on 21 August 2026, because the 2007 guidelines and the 2019 drought plans are due to expire at the end of 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>. A 1944 treaty ties Mexico and the United States together on the Rio Grande, and Mexico delivered 884,861 acre-feet in the cycle that ended on 24 October 2025 against a minimum of 1.75 million<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The energy layer is a trade system. United States pipelines exported 2.42 trillion cubic feet of gas to Mexico in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. Electricity mixes differ sharply: oil, gas and coal supplied 21.7% of Canadian, 57.6% of United States and 75.4% of Mexican electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The health and food layers rest on different demographic bases. Canada and the United States have older populations than Mexico<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. The United States grew 455.0 Mt of cereals in 2024, against 63.7 Mt in Canada and 32.6 Mt in Mexico<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>This edition therefore reads North America\u2019s risk as a property of the couplings between these forces. The matrix, risk objects, capability ladder and scenario that follow ask two questions: where does a shock travel next across a border, and who holds the capability to stop it?<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig1-t\">How do electricity mixes differ? Share of electricity production, 2025 (%)<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Hydropower supplied 54.0% and nuclear power 13.2% of Canadian electricity in 2025, while oil, gas and coal supplied 75.4% of Mexican and 57.6% of United States electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. The United States figure for 2023 on the national basis shows renewables at 21.4% and gas at 43.1%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Canada, hydro<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"71.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">54<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Canada, nuclear<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"17.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">13.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Mexico, oil, gas and coal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">75.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">United States, oil, gas and coal<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"76.4\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">57.6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2025.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">54.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Canadian hydropower share, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">75.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Mexican oil, gas and coal share, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">57.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>United States oil, gas and coal share, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">100<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">g CO\u2082e\/kWh<\/span><p>Canadian grid intensity, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The North America matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the starting graph that the Q1 2027 Foundry cut will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">hydro \u00b7 thermal cooling<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">irrigation \u00b7 rain-fed yield<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">safe water \u00b7 sanitation<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">flows \u00b7 wetlands<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pumping \u00b7 desalination<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fuel \u00b7 fertiliser \u00b7 cold chain<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">air pollution \u00b7 cooling<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land use \u00b7 mining<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">\u224870% of withdrawals<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">bioenergy feedstock<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">nutrition \u00b7 food safety<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land conversion<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">labour \u00b7 disease<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">residues<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">regulation \u00b7 filtration<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">biomass \u00b7 hydrology<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">pollination \u00b7 soils<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">zoonoses \u00b7 medicines<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Low reservoir levels and low flow limit hydropower and cooling water and raise power stress.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> Colorado River decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; no event bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 CLI<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Fire and smoke follow drought and heat across the border.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> Canadian fire 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 ENE \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">A gas or trade rule change reaches power prices and public budgets.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> gas exports 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>; trade review<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup>; no event bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Treaty deliveries and drought reach irrigation and crops.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> Mexican deliveries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>; cereals<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 INF \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Fire or storm damage hits lifelines and the loss falls on insurers and budgets.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.4<\/span><span>Reinforcing loops<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A shock entering either system of a loop can return amplified through the other.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Pairs of systems where both directions are rated strong<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Loop<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First direction<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Second direction<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT and FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Water to food: irrigation \u00b7 rain-fed yield<\/td><td>Food to water: \u224870% of withdrawals<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT and BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Water to biodiversity: flows \u00b7 wetlands<\/td><td>Biodiversity to water: regulation \u00b7 filtration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO and BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Food to biodiversity: land conversion<\/td><td>Biodiversity to food: pollination \u00b7 soils<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"3\">A causal-loop reading of the matrix (Sterman, Business Dynamics, 2000): structural, from estimated strengths, not a measured feedback.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (ed.), Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (130,911,314 inhabitants at 15 October 2025, from search summaries; the page opened showed only its title). INEGI, Aguascalientes. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? (2023: renewables 21.4%, nuclear 18.6%, natural gas 43.1%, coal 16.2% of about 4,178 billion kWh; page updated 29 February 2024). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IISD and White &amp; Case (eds.), analyses of the first joint review of the regional trade agreement on 1 July 2026 (no extension agreed, annual reviews, agreement in force to 1 July 2036; both pages refused, taken from search summaries). IISD, Winnipeg; White &amp; Case, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the baseline. They are grouped by system, never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>14 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Mexico delivered 884,861 acre-feet of Rio Grande water in the cycle that ended on 24 October 2025, against a treaty minimum of 1.75 million acre-feet per cycle.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-fig1-t\">Rio Grande deliveries, cycle ended 24 October 2025 (acre-feet)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Delivered by Mexico<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"50.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">884,861<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Treaty minimum<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">1,750,000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: International Boundary and Water Commission release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>, and the 1944 treaty terms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>. The delivery figure was not read from the issuer.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">Mexico\u2019s deliveries follow from the 1944 treaty and from conditions in the shared basin. A shortfall against the minimum matters on both sides of the border for farms and cities that rely on the river<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">Deliveries under the new cycle, the first operating decisions under the post-2026 Colorado River framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup> and any change to the international terms would each move this finding. Deliveries in the new cycle are not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Climate forcing<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Canada\u2019s greenhouse gas emissions were 685 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023; the United States reported 5,489 Mt net for 2022, 17% below 2005.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">On one World Bank basis excluding land use, the three members emitted 7,367 Mt CO\u2082e in 2024: the United States 5,913 Mt, Canada 768 Mt and Mexico 687 Mt.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Canadian wildfires burnt more than 14.6 million hectares in 2023 and forced more than 230,000 evacuations; by mid-August 2025 more than 7.5 million hectares had burnt.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Energy<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2025 oil, gas and coal supplied 21.7% of Canadian, 57.6% of United States and 75.4% of Mexican electricity; hydropower supplied 54.0% in Canada.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">United States pipelines exported 2.42 trillion cubic feet of gas to Mexico and 1.03 trillion cubic feet to Canada in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Water<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The Bureau of Reclamation issued its post-2026 record of decision on 21 August 2026 for operations from 2027. Reservoir levels at 30 September 2026 are not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Mexico delivered 884,861 acre-feet of water in the Rio Grande cycle that ended on 24 October 2025, against a treaty minimum of 1.75 million acre-feet per cycle.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-007\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-WAT-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The extent of drought in the contiguous United States at 30 September 2026 is not bound. The drought map opened is dated after the close. not bound<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Food<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-FOO-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-FOO-009\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-FOO-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Cereal production in 2024 was 455.0 Mt in the United States, 63.7 Mt in Canada and 32.6 Mt in Mexico.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-HLT-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2025, 20.3% of Canadians, 18.4% of Americans and 8.5% of Mexicans were aged 65 or over; life expectancy in 2024 was 82.1, 78.9 and 75.3 years.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.7<\/span><span>Biodiversity<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-BIO-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In 2025 terrestrial protected areas covered 12.9% of Canada, 12.9% of the United States and 15.3% of Mexico; marine protection covered 9.2%, 19.0% and 22.6% of territorial waters.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.8<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is a dry, hot summer in which low Colorado and Rio Grande supply, heat load and grid stress coincide across member borders. \u00a79.3<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: terrestrial protected areas, share of land area (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), and marine protected areas, share of territorial waters (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>20 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WAT \u00b7 Water<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources, 2022<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">44.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Mexico. The United States stands at 28.2% and Canada at 3.7%.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2022<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">ENE \u00b7 Energy<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">US pipeline gas exports to Mexico<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">2.42<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">trillion ft\u00b3<\/span><p>Exports to Canada were 1.03 trillion cubic feet.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>EIA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FOO \u00b7 Food<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Cereal production, United States<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">455.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt<\/span><p>Canada 63.7 Mt and Mexico 32.6 Mt.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HLT \u00b7 Health<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Share of population aged 65 or over, Canada<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">20.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>United States 18.4%, Mexico 8.5%.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">BIO \u00b7 Biodiversity<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Marine area protected, Mexico<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">22.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>United States 19.0%, Canada 9.2%. Terrestrial protection is 12.9% in Canada and the United States and 15.3% in Mexico.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SYS \u00b7 Cross-system<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Mexican Rio Grande deliveries, cycle ended 24 October 2025<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">884,861<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">acre-feet<\/span><p>The treaty minimum is 1.75 million acre-feet per cycle.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>IBWC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read in words, not scored. The reading states where the regional evidence points; the coupling column names the dependency that carries risk across <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and borders.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>Shared rivers; Colorado River decision record of 21 August 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; Mexican freshwater withdrawal 44.9% of resources in 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT \u2192 ENE \u00b7 WAT \u2192 FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Hydropower 54.0% of Canadian electricity; US gas exports to Mexico 2.42 trillion cubic feet in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Cereal output 455.0 Mt in the United States in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>. Trade flows not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO \u2190 WAT, CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>Population aged 65 or over: 20.3% Canada, 18.4% United States, 8.5% Mexico<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>. Heat deaths not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT \u2190 CLI, ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Terrestrial protection 12.9% to 15.3% across members in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>. Condition not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO \u2194 WAT, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Wildfire<\/a> area of 14.6 million hectares in Canada in 2023; drought extent at the close not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">forcing on all systems<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-border transmission and pipelines tie members together; flow series not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Insured and uninsured disaster losses not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2190 CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Digital dependencies of lifelines not mapped at public-safe resolution<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 ENE, FIN<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>Data-centre and compute demand on grids and water not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>Mineral and fuel trade not bound at baseline.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN \u2190 TRD<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not bound<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>The regional trade agreement moved to annual reviews in 2026, and cross-border gas trade is large<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup>.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen global sectors are screened on the same grammar as every national edition, so later editions can say what changed. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>compound drought, heat and grid stress<\/td><td>dry, hot summer across member borders<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>Colorado River decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; withdrawal shares<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>low supply on shared basins<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>electricity mixes and gas exports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>gas supply; cross-border flows<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food<\/td><td>cereal output in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>drought and heat; trade<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health<\/td><td>age structure and life expectancy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat and smoke load on services<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance<\/td><td>loss series not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development<\/td><td>output at current prices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>trade exposure<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate<\/td><td>national inventories<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>fire, drought and heat<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> record of 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>compound and sequential events<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure<\/td><td>reliability outlook not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>grid and pipeline interdependence<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities<\/td><td>not read at regional level<\/td><td>urban heat and water supply<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>protected areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>condition not bound<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth observation<\/td><td>drought monitoring and reservoir records published; none bound at the close<\/td><td>continuity of records<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and digital<\/td><td>dependencies not mapped<\/td><td>systemic outages<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy<\/td><td>trade agreement review, Colorado River decision<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>coordination across levels<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science<\/td><td>peer-reviewed compound-event record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>translation to members<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: level of water stress, freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (ER.H2O.FWST.ZS), and renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: terrestrial protected areas, share of land area (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), and marine protected areas, share of territorial waters (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IISD and White &amp; Case (eds.), analyses of the first joint review of the regional trade agreement on 1 July 2026 (no extension agreed, annual reviews, agreement in force to 1 July 2036; both pages refused, taken from search summaries). IISD, Winnipeg; White &amp; Case, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada, Mexico and the United States (eds.), Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States and Canada (entered into force 1 July 2020; taken from memory). Official texts, 2020. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: exports of goods and services, share of GDP (NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS), Canada 31.3% and Mexico 39.6% in 2025, United States 11.0% in 2024. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c3-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four regional risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence; loss metrics are added only where they can be modelled.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-NAM-CLI-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Cross-border wildfire and smoke season<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>heat, drought and ignition on dry fuels<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>forest-edge communities, air quality across borders<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>evacuation capacity not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>international firefighter exchange; documented<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 HLT, INF, FIN<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>annual<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-NAM-WAT-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Low Colorado River and Rio Grande supply in a dry year<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>low snowpack and high demand<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>cities, irrigated farms, hydropower<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>reliance on two large reservoirs; levels at the close not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>federal decision framework and treaty terms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>WAT \u2192 ENE, FOO<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-NAM-HLT-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Heat and smoke overload of health services<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>heat waves and smoke episodes<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>older adults<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup>; outdoor workers<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>limited cooling; workforce not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>health system capacity not bound<\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 HLT \u2192 ENE peak<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>seasonal<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-NAM-ENE-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Gas or grid disruption during extreme weather<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>cold or heat extreme, supply interruption or a trade rule change<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>power, industry, heating, Mexican gas supply<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>storage depth and cross-border flows not bound<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>reliability organisation assessments exist<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>; text not read<\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>TRD \u2192 ENE \u2192 FOO, FIN<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence at the regional level, from a policy listing to performance in real events.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>national inventories and reduction reporting are published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>statistical series are published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>; reservoir and drought records are not bound at the close<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: weather and flood-warning services \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>Colorado River decision record and 2027 to 2028 guidelines issued<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; delivery not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: gas storage and reserve margin data \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: after-action records for fire and drought events \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>reliability organisation exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: recovery agency and insurer records \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>international water treaties and commissions exist<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup>; delivery not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: income-support and disaster-payment records \u00b7 blocker: not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: insurer and reinsurer loss data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>the International Joint Commission and the boundary and water commission exist<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: asset-condition registers \u00b7 blocker: not published<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: health and emergency workforce registers \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>peer-reviewed compound-event and nexus research is published<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of the United States and Great Britain for Canada (eds.), Boundary Waters Treaty, 1909 (taken from memory; the commission page opened confirms the year). Treaty text, 1909. Observation year 1909. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Dry, hot summer across the Colorado and Rio Grande basins and the southern grids<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>2 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>an extended heat wave in a dry year, with low reservoir levels and high power demand<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>Colorado River decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; Canadian fire season 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup>; reservoir and drought records at the close not bound<\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled, the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified Foundry run scheduled for Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">low snowpack and flow cut reservoir inflow on shared rivers<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">decision record 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">heat and smoke raise hospital stays and deaths<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">no analogue bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">peak cooling demand coincides with constrained hydropower and gas supply<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">gas exports 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">INF \u2192 all<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">a grid or pipeline fault spreads across a connected system<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">no analogue bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">losses fall on households, insurers and budgets<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 recovery<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">rebuilding slows where cover is thin<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">loss series not bound<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01 would travel through North America&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Climate to water<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Low snowpack and flow cut reservoir inflow on shared rivers. Analogue or source: decision record 2026 [19].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Climate to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Heat and smoke raise hospital stays and deaths. Analogue or source: no analogue bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Energy to infrastructure<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Peak cooling demand coincides with constrained hydropower and gas supply. Analogue or source: gas exports 2025 [25].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Infrastructure to all<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A grid or pipeline fault spreads across a connected system. Analogue or source: no analogue bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Health to finance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Losses fall on households, insurers and budgets. Analogue or source: loss series not bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Finance to recovery<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Rebuilding slows where cover is thin. Analogue or source: loss series not bound.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition REG-NAM, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01, step 6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">North America 2026, scenario SCN-NAM-DRY-01<\/a> (2026); North America 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The regional baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>40 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of North American risk: drought, heat and fire act on water, energy and health together. Evidence is strongest for population, the electricity mix and reservoir levels, and weakest for losses, cross-border flows and the condition of nature.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-001 \u00b7 WAT-005 \u00b7 ENE-004 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people risk arrives as a smoke day, a water restriction or a price change. The baseline asks that public debate weigh how shared rivers and pipelines make one member\u2019s event another member\u2019s problem.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-008 \u00b7 WAT-006 \u00b7 ENE-004<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Insured and uninsured loss series by member are not bound, and trade rules are under annual review<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup>. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an endorsement.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-008 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>The region publishes strong statistics on emissions, reservoirs and drought. The 2027 programme should bind loss, gas-flow and cross-border grid data, test the dry summer, and measure the condition of nature.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 A-01 \u00b7 A-02<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for North America. The standards are preparatory working drafts (October 2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability have been developed?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests reveal?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What did the year establish, and what changes next?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>North America regional pathway<\/td><td>regional pathway: hubs named in the registry<\/td><td>regional Commons room<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. Adoption of any standard in a member country is a decision of that country\u2019s standards body.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Rivers, pipelines and smoke do not stop at a frontier. The baseline treats the shared basin and the shared grid as the units of analysis, with member countries as the places where the effects land.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>Risk crosses the border first<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The regional trade agreement connects the three members but is not a subject in the series registry. This edition reads North America as three member countries named in the registry and cites the agreement only as context. Nothing is joined on a code alone.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>A trade agreement is not a region<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Gas flows south and hydropower flows within Canada. Security depends on diversity of routes and on control of the grid, not on volume alone.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>Supply security is a design question<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Several data that matter most for risk, including cross-border flows, new-cycle treaty deliveries and losses by member, could not be read at evidence close. The edition shows each gap and the source that would fill it.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>Gaps are findings too<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from working groups, consortium institutions and invited experts begin with the Q1 2027 edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 regional readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the 2027 regional cycle. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">2027 regional readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>Regional risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five regional system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 7 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>Federation delivery register<\/td><td>editions in programme as listed in the series registry<\/td><td>regional and sector baselines<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>Consortium capability register<\/td><td>national consortia forming<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>Leadership questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>national environments prepared<\/td><td>first federation cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first federation-wide cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no state or organisation.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ADOPTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SUBMITTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">UNDER REVIEW<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Boundary Waters Treaty (1909)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Canada and United States<\/td><td>CAN \u00b7 USA<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>shared waters and the IJC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Treaty on utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande (1944)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Mexico and United States<\/td><td>MEX \u00b7 USA<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>treaty deliveries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Colorado River post-2026 record of decision<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Bureau of Reclamation<\/td><td>USA basin<\/td><td>ISSUED 21 AUG 2026<\/td><td>reservoir operations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Canada and United States<\/td><td>CAN \u00b7 USA<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>lake water quality<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Columbia River Treaty<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Canada and United States<\/td><td>CAN \u00b7 USA<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>hydropower and flood control<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IBWC Minute 323<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Mexico and United States<\/td><td>MEX \u00b7 USA<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>Colorado River arrangements<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States and Canada<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the three governments<\/td><td>CAN \u00b7 USA \u00b7 MEX<\/td><td>IN FORCE \u00b7 ANNUAL REVIEWS<\/td><td>trade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n50\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNFCCC<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>mitigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> 2015\u20132030<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNDRR<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">risk reduction<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kunming-Montreal Framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CBD<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2022<\/td><td>30by30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The Colorado River record of decision was issued in August 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The regional trade agreement moved to annual reviews in July 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans are scheduled to expire at the end of 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Operating decisions under the 2027 to 2028 Colorado River guidelines<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Annual reviews of the trade agreement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The next Rio Grande delivery cycle under the 1944 treaty<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. A change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review: science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers peer-reviewed science, regional and international assessments and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Full systematic reviews begin in Q1 2027 for each agenda item.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about North America\u2019s coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity risks across its member countries?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>peer-reviewed literature; regional and international assessments; official releases; statutory instruments<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items A-01 to A-05 in Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Science and assessments<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Lee and Romero (eds.)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>forcing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>McElwee et al. (eds.)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>nexus interlinkages<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zscheischler et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>compound events<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>disaster risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n50\" aria-label=\"Note 50\">50<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>treaty<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>mitigation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Institutional reports<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Colorado River post-2026 operations<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Bureau of Reclamation<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>water decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reservoir records (post-close, context only)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Bureau of Reclamation<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>reservoir levels<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought Monitor statistics (post-close, context only)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Drought Monitor<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>drought extent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Wildfire<\/a> record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Natural Resources Canada, CIFFC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>fire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas Market Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IEA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>gas supply<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Official statistics and regional sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank and national statistics offices<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity mix<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank, EIA, CER<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>power mix<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gas emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank and national agencies<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>climate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas exports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EIA<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>supply<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ageing and food<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>health and food<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Industry, grid and international sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Renewable capacity statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IRENA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>capacity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reliability assessments<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NERC<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>grid<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Treaty deliveries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IBWC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>shared basins<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Disaster loss data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOAA, IBC<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>losses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought monitor, Mexico<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CONAGUA<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>drought<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Heat, drought and fire records are rising across the continent<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Compound and sequential hazards load health and services together<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Shared basins need coordination across borders<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>How members\u2019 emissions compare on one basis including land use, given the national inventories and the World Bank series differ<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How operating rules from 2027 will allocate Colorado River <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.supply-disruption\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"A break in the flow of goods or materials between producers and users that stops production or leaves shortages.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">shortage<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How the annual reviews of the regional trade agreement will change energy and food trade<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEWS AND PREPRINTS<\/p><p>No news report or preprint binds a finding in this edition. News is used only to date events; preprints used from Q1 2027 will be flagged as not peer-reviewed.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IISD and White &amp; Case (eds.), analyses of the first joint review of the regional trade agreement on 1 July 2026 (no extension agreed, annual reviews, agreement in force to 1 July 2036; both pages refused, taken from search summaries). IISD, Winnipeg; White &amp; Case, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of the United States and Great Britain for Canada (eds.), Boundary Waters Treaty, 1909 (taken from memory; the commission page opened confirms the year). Treaty text, 1909. Observation year 1909. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (taken from memory). IJC, Windsor. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Columbia River Treaty (taken from memory; the ministry page opened was not found). Treaty text, 1961. Observation year 1961. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Minute 323 on Colorado River arrangements (taken from memory). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2017. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada, Mexico and the United States (eds.), Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States and Canada (entered into force 1 July 2020; taken from memory). Official texts, 2020. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a> under the UNFCCC (taken from memory). UNFCCC, Bonn, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r50\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 50\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Lower Colorado Basin daily reservoir levels (Lake Mead 1,038.93 ft and 6,904 thousand acre-feet; Lake Powell 3,532.42 ft and 5,982 thousand acre-feet on 1 November 2026; automatic reports not checked for errors). Reclamation, Boulder City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: National Drought Mitigation Center, USDA and NOAA (eds.), U.S. Drought Monitor statistics for the contiguous United States, map valid 27 October to 2 November 2026 (D0 72.66%, D1 49.49%, D2 26.74%, D3 9.36%, D4 1.65%; cumulative). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Energy Agency (ed.), Gas Market Report (latest quarterly edition at evidence close). IEA, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Statistics Canada (ed.), Population and demography, quarterly population estimate (page shows 41,798,407 for 1 July 2026 but was last modified 1 May 2026; figure not used). Statistics Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (ed.), Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (130,911,314 inhabitants at 15 October 2025, from search summaries; the page opened showed only its title). INEGI, Aguascalientes. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? (2023: renewables 21.4%, nuclear 18.6%, natural gas 43.1%, coal 16.2% of about 4,178 billion kWh; page updated 29 February 2024). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and Climate Change Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026. IRENA, Abu Dhabi. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Servicio Meteorol\u00f3gico Nacional, Comisi\u00f3n Nacional del Agua (eds.), Monitor de Sequ\u00eda en M\u00e9xico (page opened; percentage of territory shown only in a chart; issued every two weeks since February 2014). CONAGUA, Mexico City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 Regional Agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due at the Q1 2027 cut.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>4 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How would a dry, hot summer load the Colorado and Rio Grande <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, farms, cities and the grid across member borders?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-CLI-01 \u00b7 compound summer stress; first output: dependency graph for the Colorado and Rio Grande basins.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How much do the three power systems and the gas pipelines depend on each other in a cold or hot extreme?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-ENE-02 \u00b7 gas and grid resilience; first output: cross-border flow register.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How do reservoir levels and treaty deliveries reach cities, farms and hydropower?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-WAT-03 \u00b7 shared basins; first output: basin performance note for the Colorado River.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How many deaths can be attributed to heat and smoke, by member and year?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-HLT-04 \u00b7 heat, smoke and health; first output: attribution baseline for three members.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Where do disaster losses fall between insurers, households and public budgets?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-FIN-05 \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a>; first output: peril-by-member loss table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What is the condition of habitats and how is it measured across members?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-NAM-BIO-01 \u00b7 workstream; first output: condition indicator note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How exposed are crop output and food trade to concurrent drought, heat and trade shocks?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in Q1 2027; first output: scoping note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which capabilities have been tested in real events, and which are only documented?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">Regional capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for the 2027 regional portfolio. They are programme objects, no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-NAM-CLI-01<\/span><\/td><td>Compound summer stress: rivers, heat and grid<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-NAM-ENE-02<\/span><\/td><td>Gas and grid resilience across borders<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-NAM-WAT-03<\/span><\/td><td>Shared basins in dry years<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-NAM-HLT-04<\/span><\/td><td>Heat, smoke and health attribution<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-NAM-FIN-05<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PRJ-NAM-CLI-01a<\/span><\/td><td>Colorado and Rio Grande compound summer dependency graph<\/td><td>Project<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-NAM-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Rivers, heat and grid Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The North America regional pathway is the route through which the Nexus operating system will read North America as one region from 2027. At baseline the pathway is designed and its hubs are named in the series registry; its working arrangements are set from Q1 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next, nothing more.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Foundries<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">continuous national evidence environments<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PREPARED \u00b7 first sealed cuts in Q1 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Models and Portfolios<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">each country as a system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANADA v0 ISSUED \u00b7 25 further national baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Quarterly national reports<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">State &amp; Agenda, Evidence, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a>, Annual<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE STAGE \u00b7 Q1 2027 opens the series<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Regional aggregation<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">North America as one of ten regional clusters<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">THIS EDITION \u00b7 annual regional cut from 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global sector and strategic models<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">GS-01\u202615 \u00b7 SR-01\u202614 \u00b7 XT-01\u202620<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">49 PLANNED \u00b7 pilots: GS-01, SR-01, XT-01<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 global mandate in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Global Report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">this series<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE ISSUED \u00b7 2027 annual edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">one graph, many projections<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first federation-wide correction cycle in 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027: evidence pack for the regional candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027: evidence pack for the regional candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>2027 regional annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-NAM-2027-01 \u00b7 Rivers, heat and grid Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor (NLC) \u00b7 Institutional anchor (NNC) \u00b7 Mission lead (NWG)<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CLI-001 \u00b7 emissions<\/td><td>public record<\/td><td>reference for the 2027 series<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-004 \u00b7 gas exports<\/td><td>INI-NAM-ENE-02<\/td><td>gas and grid resilience<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-005 \u00b7 Colorado reservoirs<\/td><td>INI-NAM-WAT-03<\/td><td>shared basins<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-006 \u00b7 Rio Grande deliveries<\/td><td>INI-NAM-WAT-03<\/td><td>shared basins<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-007 \u00b7 US drought<\/td><td>INI-NAM-CLI-01<\/td><td>compound summer graph<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CLI-008 \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a><\/td><td>INI-NAM-HLT-04<\/td><td>heat, smoke and health<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BIO-011 \u00b7 protected areas<\/td><td>INI-NAM-BIO-01<\/td><td>condition indicator<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-NAM-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the federation<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. States and organisations receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from Q1 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Reservoir levels<\/td><td>US Bureau of Reclamation<\/td><td>daily<\/td><td>WAT-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought extent<\/td><td>US Drought Monitor<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>WAT-007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rio Grande deliveries<\/td><td>IBWC<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>WAT-006<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population and output<\/td><td>World Bank<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Greenhouse gas inventories<\/td><td>ECCC, EPA, INECC<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI-001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas exports<\/td><td>US Energy Information Administration<\/td><td>monthly<\/td><td>ENE-004<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Wildfire<\/a> area<\/td><td>CIFFC and Natural Resources Canada<\/td><td>daily in season<\/td><td>CLI-008<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">quarterly publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-NAM-001<\/td><td>Reservoir levels, post-close, context only<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>WAT \u00b7 ENE<\/td><td>research question A-03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-NAM-002<\/td><td>Drought extent, post-close, context only<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 WAT<\/td><td>risk object RSK-NAM-WAT-002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-NAM-003<\/td><td>Canadian fire seasons 2023 and 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 HLT<\/td><td>research question A-04<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Lower Colorado Basin daily reservoir levels (Lake Mead 1,038.93 ft and 6,904 thousand acre-feet; Lake Powell 3,532.42 ft and 5,982 thousand acre-feet on 1 November 2026; automatic reports not checked for errors). Reclamation, Boulder City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: National Drought Mitigation Center, USDA and NOAA (eds.), U.S. Drought Monitor statistics for the contiguous United States, map valid 27 October to 2 November 2026 (D0 72.66%, D1 49.49%, D2 26.74%, D3 9.36%, D4 1.65%; cumulative). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c7-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>22 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Member countries: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The three member countries named in the series registry, read side by side on the same indicators. No union or bloc shares the region code in the registry, so there is no reference group in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">515.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>residents of the three members, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7,367<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>emissions excluding land use, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">34.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">trillion US$<\/span><p>combined output at current prices, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Member system cards at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Canada<\/td><td>population 41.65 million; emissions 685 Mt (national inventory, 2024); hydropower 54.0% and oil, gas and coal 21.7% of electricity; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> seasons of 2023 and 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United States<\/td><td>population 341.78 million; emissions 5,913 Mt excluding land use; oil, gas and coal 57.6% of electricity; drought extent at the close not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexico<\/td><td>population 131.95 million; emissions 687 Mt excluding land use; oil, gas and coal 75.4% of electricity; freshwater withdrawal 44.9% of resources in 2022<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings across members<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 WAT across the Colorado and Rio Grande basins (United States, Mexico)<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 ENE through shared grids and gas pipelines<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 HLT smoke and heat across Canada and the United States<\/li><li>FIN \u2190 CLI losses carried by insurers across borders<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>member emissions on one basis including land use<\/li><li>flood, fire and heat loss series by member<\/li><li>Mexican drought share<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Member releases of greenhouse gas inventories, new-cycle Rio Grande deliveries and the disaster-loss series by member<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Each member keeps ownership of its own edition. This chapter compares indicators; it assesses no member and builds no league table.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Shared basins and grids: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Shared basins, grids and gas supply carry risk across member borders. This chapter names each system, the members involved and the evidence read at baseline. Rows without a source are designed empty states.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">1.75<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million acre-feet<\/span><p>treaty minimum of Mexican Rio Grande deliveries per cycle<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">884,861<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">acre-feet<\/span><p>Mexican Rio Grande deliveries, cycle ended 24 October 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2.42<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">trillion ft\u00b3<\/span><p>US pipeline gas exports to Mexico, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Shared basins and seas<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Basin<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Members involved<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Colorado River<\/td><td>United States and Mexico; the 2026 decision record; reservoir levels at the close not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rio Grande<\/td><td>United States and Mexico; treaty minimum of 350,000 acre-feet a year on average<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Great Lakes and boundary waters<\/td><td>Canada and United States; the International Joint Commission has six commissioners<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Columbia River<\/td><td>Canada and United States; no source read<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Shared grids and gas networks<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Grid<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Members involved<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Cross-border electricity<\/td><td>Canada and the United States, and the United States and Mexico, are linked by transmission; flow and capacity series not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas pipelines<\/td><td>US pipeline exports 2.42 trillion cubic feet to Mexico and 1.03 trillion to Canada in 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canadian grid<\/td><td>hydropower 60% of generation in 2021; grid intensity 100 g CO\u2082e per kWh in 2022<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reliability outlook<\/td><td>reliability organisation exists; assessment text not read<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings through shared systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE low reservoir levels into hydropower and cooling water<\/li><li>INF \u2192 ENE a grid or pipeline fault crossing borders<\/li><li>TRD \u2192 ENE gas or trade rule change into power prices<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 FOO irrigation and treaty deliveries<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>new-cycle Rio Grande deliveries<\/li><li>cross-border flows and capacity<\/li><li>Columbia River arrangements<\/li><li>gas storage depth<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Reservoir forecasts for the 2027 water year, the next Mexican delivery cycle and the annual reviews of the trade agreement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Basin commissions, grid operators and regulators hold these mandates. This chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Hub list: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The hubs the series registry names for this region and for its member countries. The list is read from the registry, so a change there changes this page.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Registry<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Regional hubs<\/dt><dd>Toronto \u00b7 Washington<\/dd><dt>Desks with a remit<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 GRX<\/dd><dt>Registry record<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Member hubs as the registry names them<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Hub<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Registry role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Member edition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Toronto<\/td><td>Canada<\/td><td>G20 \u00b7 HQ \u00b7 seat<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Washington<\/td><td>United States<\/td><td>G20 \u00b7 hub \u00b7 seat<\/td><td>drafted (pack in review)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>not named in the registry<\/td><td>Mexico<\/td><td>G20<\/td><td>in preparation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What a hub does in this series<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Hub terms of reference are not set at baseline<\/li><li>Hub contact points are not named at baseline<\/li><li>The registry names the hubs and the desks with a remit; working arrangements follow from Q1 2027<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A hub is a place named in the registry. It is not an institution, an office or a mandate, and it gives no authority over any member.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Regional pathway: the baseline regional chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The regional pathway is the route through which the series will read North America as one region from 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next. It does not describe any body that has not been constituted.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The regional pathway at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Stage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What exists today<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Regional hubs<\/td><td>Toronto and Washington are named in the series registry; no hub is named for Mexico<\/td><td>NAMED<\/td><td>terms set from Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Desks<\/td><td>GCRI, GRF and GRX hold the remit for regional editions in the registry<\/td><td>NAMED<\/td><td>work plan for Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence graph<\/td><td>member and regional findings share identifiers<\/td><td>PREPARED<\/td><td>first sealed cut NQ-REG-NAM-2027-Q1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Member editions<\/td><td>Canada drafted (pack in review); United States drafted (pack in review); Mexico in preparation<\/td><td>MIXED<\/td><td>review through the chain before release<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Open at baseline<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Constitution of any regional council or working group<\/li><li>Hub terms of reference and contact points<\/li><li>A hub for Mexico<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Decisions that rest elsewhere<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Energy, water and health policy rest with national and subnational authorities<\/li><li>Treaty and trade terms are set by the governments; this edition cites them and decides nothing<\/li><li>The trade agreement is not a subject in the series registry and is never joined to the region on code<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>The pathway is a design. It does not set priorities for a government and assesses no authority.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: level of water stress, freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (ER.H2O.FWST.ZS), and renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Minute 323 on Colorado River arrangements (taken from memory). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2017. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of the United States and Great Britain for Canada (eds.), Boundary Waters Treaty, 1909 (taken from memory; the commission page opened confirms the year). Treaty text, 1909. Observation year 1909. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (taken from memory). IJC, Windsor. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Columbia River Treaty (taken from memory; the ministry page opened was not found). Treaty text, 1961. Observation year 1961. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IISD and White &amp; Case (eds.), analyses of the first joint review of the regional trade agreement on 1 July 2026 (no extension agreed, annual reviews, agreement in force to 1 July 2036; both pages refused, taken from search summaries). IISD, Winnipeg; White &amp; Case, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-c8-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>13 tables<\/span><span>22 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The regional baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>United States share of three-member emissions excluding land use, 2024<\/td><td>5,912.618 \u00f7 7,367.456<\/td><td>80.3%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>United States share of three-member output at current prices, 2025<\/td><td>30.770 \u00f7 34.922<\/td><td>88.1%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>Share of United States pipeline gas exports to the two neighbours that went to Mexico, 2025<\/td><td>2,422,839 \u00f7 3,456,326<\/td><td>70.1%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Mexican deliveries as a share of the treaty minimum for the cycle that ended on 24 October 2025<\/td><td>884,861 \u00f7 1,750,000<\/td><td>50.6%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season, in more than one region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at regional scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card: Regional System Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-NAM-REGIONAL \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent North America as coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> across member countries, with forcing and transmission layers<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of systems<\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from assessments and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against federation evidence in 2027<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>regional scale; not for national, basin or asset-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings to measure first; explaining the coupled reading of risk in North America.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, country comparisons or rankings, operational decisions, or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The regional baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Federation cuts begin with the first national Foundry cuts in 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-NAM-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>50 cited sources, each at the edition and access date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-NAM-2027-Q1-1 at the Q1 2027 close<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the federation cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2027 regional annual<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>national, regional and sector cuts through one graph<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>Regional System Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to federation evidence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population (World Bank)<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Oct 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity mix (World Bank)<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Oct 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canadian emissions<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US emissions page<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>not recorded<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>next inventory<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican emissions page<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>May 2018<\/td><td>irregular<\/td><td>not scheduled<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US gas exports<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>not recorded<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reservoir levels (post-close, context only)<\/td><td>1 Nov 2026<\/td><td>Nov 2026<\/td><td>daily<\/td><td>daily<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Decision record page<\/td><td>21 Aug 2026<\/td><td>Sep 2026<\/td><td>event<\/td><td>event<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US drought statistics<\/td><td>week to 2 Nov 2026<\/td><td>Nov 2026<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Climate and hazards<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>US and Mexican emissions after 2022; losses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>cross-border flows; gas storage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>Mexican drought share; new-cycle deliveries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>trade flows; food access<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>heat and smoke deaths<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>habitat condition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>insured and uninsured losses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Digital<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>dependency mapping<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Designed empty states: what is not bound, what would fill it and why<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source that would fill it<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Blocker<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>United States greenhouse gas inventory for 2023 and 2024<\/td><td>US Environmental Protection Agency inventory of greenhouse gas emissions and sinks<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the page opened reports 2022 data (gross 6,343 and net 5,489 Mt); a later inventory could not be read<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican national greenhouse gas inventory after 2015<\/td><td>Mexican National Institute of Ecology and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> inventory<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the page opened reports the 2015 inventory (683 Mt) and is dated 2018; a later edition was not found<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canadian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> area burned and people evacuated in 2025, final<\/td><td>Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre and the National Forestry Database<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the statistics page was refused; only a mid-August figure was seen in search summaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican deliveries of Rio Grande water in the cycle that began on 25 October 2025<\/td><td>International Boundary and Water Commission weekly data sheet<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the figures sit in linked graphs that could not be read as text<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Insured and uninsured catastrophe losses in Canada and the United States<\/td><td>Insurance Bureau of Canada<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup> and NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the Canadian page was not found; the NOAA page returned no figures<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of Mexican territory in drought<\/td><td>Mexican National Meteorological Service drought monitor<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the percentage is shown only in a chart that could not be read as text<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cross-border electricity flows between Canada and the United States, and between the United States and Mexico<\/td><td>Canada Energy Regulator, US Energy Information Administration and the Mexican grid operator<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the regulator page was not found and no flow series was retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity generation shares on one national basis for 2025<\/td><td>US Energy Information Administration<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup> and Canada Energy Regulator<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the opened pages give 2023 for the United States and 2021 for Canada; the World Bank 2025 shares are used for comparison<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican population on one basis<\/td><td>Mexican National Institute of Statistics and Geography intercensal survey<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the survey page returned only its title; the World Bank figure (131.9 million) is above the survey count of 130.9 million seen in search summaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canadian population from the national statistics office for 1 July 2026<\/td><td>Statistics Canada population estimates<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the page shows 41,798,407 but was last modified before the reference date; not used<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h75\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 health.climate-sensitive.heat-illness-surge\" data-tk=\"Health and biosecurity \u00b7 Climate-sensitive illness\" data-td=\"A rise in heatstroke, dehydration and heat-worsened heart, lung and kidney illness during hot spells, overwhelming emergency care and killing older and isolated people.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H75\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/health\/\" data-txl=\"Health and biosecurity\">Heat-related deaths<\/a> by member<\/td><td>public health agencies and peer-reviewed estimates<\/td><td>no series retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grid reliability outlook by interconnection<\/td><td>North American Electric Reliability Corporation assessment<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the page opened gave no assessment text<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Status of Columbia River and Great Lakes water arrangements<\/td><td>treaty bodies and foreign ministries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the ministry page was not found; no current status read<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">early warning<\/a>, reserves, response, recovery, social protection, infrastructure, workforce<\/td><td>civil protection, weather services, utilities and ministries of the three members<\/td><td>not reviewed by evidence close<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards: two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the World Bank. Annual. Role: binds population, output, electricity mix, emissions, water stress, protected-area, cereal and ageing figures on one basis for all three members. Series are harmonised and can differ from national releases.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-NAM-001<\/h3><p>World Development Indicators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the US Bureau of Reclamation. Daily and event-based. Role: binds the Colorado River findings. Automatic daily records are not checked for errors by the issuer.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-NAM-002<\/h3><p>Reservoir records and decision page<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-NAM-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-NAM-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>three members on one basis<\/td><td>Colorado basin reservoirs only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>about 10 months after the reference year<\/td><td>same day<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>series revised by the issuer<\/td><td>daily records may be revised<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>published methodology<\/td><td>published methodology<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>not assessed in this edition<\/td><td>not assessed in this edition<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in Q1 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>US and Mexican greenhouse gas inventories<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup> : latest year on one basis<\/li><li>Cross-border flow records<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup> : gas and power flows<\/li><li>IBWC weekly data sheet<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup> : new-cycle deliveries<\/li><li>Reports Foundational Edition<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n47\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r47\" aria-label=\"Note 47\">47<\/a><\/sup> and the global baseline<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n48\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r48\" aria-label=\"Note 48\">48<\/a><\/sup> : method and peer distributions<\/li><li>National baseline editions for Canada and the United States<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n49\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r49\" aria-label=\"Note 49\">49<\/a><\/sup> : member-level detail<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>water, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CER<\/td><td>Canada Energy Regulator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CIFFC<\/td><td>Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONAGUA<\/td><td>Comisi\u00f3n Nacional del Agua (National Water Commission, Mexico)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ECCC<\/td><td>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EIA<\/td><td>United States Energy Information Administration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EPA<\/td><td>United States Environmental Protection Agency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IBC<\/td><td>Insurance Bureau of Canada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IBWC<\/td><td>International Boundary and Water Commission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IJC<\/td><td>International Joint Commission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>INECC<\/td><td>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change, Mexico)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>INEGI<\/td><td>Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (National Institute of Statistics and Geography, Mexico)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LULUCF<\/td><td>land use, land-use change and forestry<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NERC<\/td><td>North American Electric Reliability Corporation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NOAA<\/td><td>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WMO<\/td><td>World Meteorological Organization<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-tab13\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.13<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the regional indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-NAM-DRY-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>Member-country notes<\/td><td>atlas cards for every member country<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition: emissions excluding land use<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>annual greenhouse gas emissions without land use, land-use change and forestry<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>Mt CO\u2082e<\/dd><dt>Scope<\/dt><dd>calendar year<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>World Bank World Development Indicators total greenhouse gas emissions series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Revision<\/dt><dd>revised by the issuer; not tracked here<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>differs from national inventories, which follow their own reporting rules<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Servicio Meteorol\u00f3gico Nacional, Comisi\u00f3n Nacional del Agua (eds.), Monitor de Sequ\u00eda en M\u00e9xico (page opened; percentage of territory shown only in a chart; issued every two weeks since February 2014). CONAGUA, Mexico City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? (2023: renewables 21.4%, nuclear 18.6%, natural gas 43.1%, coal 16.2% of about 4,178 billion kWh; page updated 29 February 2024). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (ed.), Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (130,911,314 inhabitants at 15 October 2025, from search summaries; the page opened showed only its title). INEGI, Aguascalientes. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Statistics Canada (ed.), Population and demography, quarterly population estimate (page shows 41,798,407 for 1 July 2026 but was last modified 1 May 2026; figure not used). Statistics Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (taken from memory). IJC, Windsor. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Columbia River Treaty (taken from memory; the ministry page opened was not found). Treaty text, 1961. Observation year 1961. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r47\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 47\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition (draft pack used by the generator as the structural base; not read by the author of this spec). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r48\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 48\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Baseline Editions 2026 for Canada and the United States (draft packs; the Mexico edition is in preparation). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r49\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 49\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-ca-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>11 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>7 tables<\/span><span>27 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Canada population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">41.65<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United States population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">341.78<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexico population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">131.95<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canada emissions, national inventory<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">685<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United States emissions excluding land use<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">5,912.6<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of three-member emissions, United States<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">80.3<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canada hydropower share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">54.0<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexico oil, gas and coal share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">75.4<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US pipeline gas exports to Mexico<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">2,422,839<\/span><\/td><td>million ft\u00b3<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canada area burnt by <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">14.6<\/span><\/td><td>million ha<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Forest area, Canada<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">42.0<\/span><\/td><td>% of land<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy use per capita, Canada<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">7,119<\/span><\/td><td>kg oil equivalent<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican freshwater withdrawal share<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">44.9<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexico marine protected area<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">22.6<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cereal production, United States<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">455.0<\/span><\/td><td>Mt<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US greenhouse gas emissions after 2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican emissions after 2015<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cross-border electricity flows<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>GWh<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Insured disaster losses<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>currency<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0ACanada%20population%2C41.65%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AUnited%20States%20population%2C341.78%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AMexico%20population%2C131.95%2Cmillion%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0A%22Canada%20emissions%2C%20national%20inventory%22%2C685%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B14%5D%0AUnited%20States%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%2C%225%2C912.6%22%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0A%22Share%20of%20three-member%20emissions%2C%20United%20States%22%2C80.3%2C%25%2C2024%2CESTIMATED%2C%5B6%5D%0ACanada%20hydropower%20share%20of%20electricity%2C54.0%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0A%22Mexico%20oil%2C%20gas%20and%20coal%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C75.4%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0AUS%20pipeline%20gas%20exports%20to%20Mexico%2C%222%2C422%2C839%22%2Cmillion%20ft%C2%B3%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B25%5D%0ACanada%20area%20burnt%20by%20wildfire%2C14.6%2Cmillion%20ha%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B21%5D%0A%22Forest%20area%2C%20Canada%22%2C42.0%2C%25%20of%20land%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B11%5D%0A%22Energy%20use%20per%20capita%2C%20Canada%22%2C%227%2C119%22%2Ckg%20oil%20equivalent%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B12%5D%0AMexican%20freshwater%20withdrawal%20share%2C44.9%2C%25%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B8%5D%0AMexico%20marine%20protected%20area%2C22.6%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B7%5D%0A%22Cereal%20production%2C%20United%20States%22%2C455.0%2CMt%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0AUS%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions%20after%202022%2CNot%20bound%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B16%5D%0AMexican%20emissions%20after%202015%2CNot%20bound%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B29%5D%0ACross-border%20electricity%20flows%2CNot%20bound%2CGWh%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B18%5D%0AInsured%20disaster%20losses%2CNot%20bound%2Ccurrency%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B31%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22North%20America%20Regional%20Systems%20Risk%20and%20Resilience%20Report%202026%3A%20Baseline%20Edition%2C%20The%20State%20of%20North%20America%E2%80%99s%20Interdependent%20Systems.%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Canada%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2241.65%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22United%20States%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22341.78%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Mexico%20population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22131.95%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Canada%20emissions%2C%20national%20inventory%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22685%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B14%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22United%20States%20emissions%20excluding%20land%20use%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%225%2C912.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Share%20of%20three-member%20emissions%2C%20United%20States%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2280.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22ESTIMATED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Canada%20hydropower%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2254.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Mexico%20oil%2C%20gas%20and%20coal%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2275.4%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22US%20pipeline%20gas%20exports%20to%20Mexico%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222%2C422%2C839%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20ft%C2%B3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B25%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Canada%20area%20burnt%20by%20wildfire%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2214.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20ha%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B21%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Forest%20area%2C%20Canada%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2242.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%20of%20land%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B11%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Energy%20use%20per%20capita%2C%20Canada%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%227%2C119%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22kg%20oil%20equivalent%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B12%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Mexican%20freshwater%20withdrawal%20share%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2244.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B8%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Mexico%20marine%20protected%20area%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2222.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B7%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Cereal%20production%2C%20United%20States%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22455.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22US%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions%20after%202022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Mexican%20emissions%20after%202015%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B29%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Cross-border%20electricity%20flows%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22GWh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B18%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Insured%20disaster%20losses%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22currency%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B31%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Percentage shares and reservoir fill levels are Nexus arithmetic and are labelled ESTIMATED; the method is in the technical layer. Rows marked NOT BOUND name the source that would fill them. Member emissions in the table mix the World Bank basis and the Canadian national inventory and are not compared. The Mexican population is the World Bank value and differs from the survey count<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>Regional source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">WAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">BIO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">CLI<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">INF<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">MIN<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population, output, electricity, water, protected areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international statistics<\/td><td>three members<\/td><td>2022\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canadian inventory<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national agency<\/td><td>Canada<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>US inventory page<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national agency<\/td><td>United States<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas exports<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics<\/td><td>US to Mexico, Canada<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reservoir records and decision<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>federal agency<\/td><td>Colorado basin<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>daily<\/td><td>WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drought extent (post-close, context only)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>monitor consortium<\/td><td>contiguous US<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>weekly<\/td><td>WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Wildfire<\/a> record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>federal agency<\/td><td>Canada<\/td><td>2023\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Treaty bodies<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>commissions<\/td><td>Rio Grande, boundary waters<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>various<\/td><td>WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexican inventory<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national institute<\/td><td>Mexico<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>irregular<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading: North America by member country<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Map plates for every member country follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form for the 3 member countries named in the series registry.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Population, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/h3><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">341.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>United States<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">132.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Mexico<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">41.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Canada<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading: North America by member country<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Member<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Canada<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> seasons of 2023 and 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>climate, health, energy<\/td><td>population 41.65 million; emissions 685 Mt (national inventory); hydropower 54.0% of electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United States<\/td><td>Colorado River decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; drought extent at the close not bound<\/td><td>water, energy, food<\/td><td>population 341.78 million; emissions 5,913 Mt excluding land use; oil, gas and coal 57.6% of electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mexico<\/td><td>Rio Grande deliveries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>; high water stress<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>water, energy<\/td><td>population 131.95 million; emissions 687 Mt excluding land use; oil, gas and coal 75.4% of electricity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any member country.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Atlas card: Colorado River basin<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">basin<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">shared river system<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">reservoirs and irrigation<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">members: United States, Mexico<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>water, energy and food<\/dd><dt>Defining instruments<\/dt><dd>the 1944 treaty<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup>; IBWC Minute 323<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup>; the 2026 decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 WAT \u2192 ENE; WAT \u2192 FOO<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>federal operating guidelines for 2027 and 2028 issued<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>; performance not bound<\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>Mexican deliveries under the new cycle, snowpack and basin-state positions<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>A-03<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reservoir levels at the close are not bound. The decision record of 21 August 2026 governs operations from 2027 [19].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">WATER<\/h3><p>A shared river system<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Source: utility and reservoir release records. Blocker: not retrieved at evidence close.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">ENERGY<\/h3><p>Hydropower and cooling water<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Source: irrigation district and water authority deliveries. Blocker: not retrieved at evidence close.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">FOOD<\/h3><p>Irrigation supply<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Atlas cards are generated for every member country from Q2 2027 with consistent fields and evidence-age labels. The basin is shown first because it holds the clearest shared-water coupling among the members.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>North America system card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The card through which North America appears in the global edition and in the sector series. It summarises; it does not rank.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">North America system card<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline state<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>shared rivers; Colorado River decision record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>low supply into energy and farming<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>electricity mixes differ; gas exports to Mexico 2.42 trillion ft\u00b3<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>supply route and grid dependence<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>cereals 455.0 Mt in the United States<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>drought, heat and trade<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>population aged 65 or over 8.5% to 20.3%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat and smoke load on services<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>terrestrial protection 12.9% to 15.3%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>condition not bound<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Context<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Archetype<\/dt><dd>three interlinked members sharing basins, grids and pipelines<\/dd><dt>Population<\/dt><dd>515.4 million residents in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Trade<\/dt><dd>US gas pipeline exports to Mexico 2.42 trillion ft\u00b3 in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Hazard<\/dt><dd>Canadian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">wildfire<\/a> 14.6 million ha in 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The member editions (Canada, United States, Mexico) and this regional edition share finding identifiers where they read the same evidence, so a correction travels to every edition at once.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">MEMBER EDITIONS<\/h3><p>Same findings, same IDs<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">North America evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES<\/h3><p>Regional evidence, sector reports<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">In the global edition North America is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL FLAGSHIP<\/h3><p>Peers, not ranks<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and each member\u2019s ownership of its own edition is unaffected.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>19 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>NQ-REG-NAM-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: forest area, share of land area (AG.LND.FRST.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: energy use per capita, kg of oil equivalent (EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE), Canada 7,119, Mexico 1,498 and United States 6,454. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: level of water stress, freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (ER.H2O.FWST.ZS), and renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: terrestrial protected areas, share of land area (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), and marine protected areas, share of territorial waters (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (ed.), Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (130,911,314 inhabitants at 15 October 2025, from search summaries; the page opened showed only its title). INEGI, Aguascalientes. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Environment and Climate Change Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions inventory page: National Inventory Report 1990 to 2024, submitted in 2026 (page opened gave no totals). Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: National Drought Mitigation Center, USDA and NOAA (eds.), U.S. Drought Monitor statistics for the contiguous United States, map valid 27 October to 2 November 2026 (D0 72.66%, D1 49.49%, D2 26.74%, D3 9.36%, D4 1.65%; cumulative). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Minute 323 on Colorado River arrangements (taken from memory). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2017. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-reg-nam-cb-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\">North America 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>50 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), Canada, Mexico and United States, retrieved through the World Bank indicators interface (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Statistics Canada (ed.), Population and demography, quarterly population estimate (page shows 41,798,407 for 1 July 2026 but was last modified 1 May 2026; figure not used). Statistics Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda (ed.), Encuesta Intercensal 2025 (130,911,314 inhabitants at 15 October 2025, from search summaries; the page opened showed only its title). INEGI, Aguascalientes. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD), Canada, Mexico and United States (last updated 2026-10-08). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: electricity production from oil, gas and coal, nuclear and hydroelectric sources, share of total (EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS, EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS, EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Mt CO2e (EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: terrestrial protected areas, share of land area (ER.LND.PTLD.ZS), and marine protected areas, share of territorial waters (ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: level of water stress, freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (ER.H2O.FWST.ZS), and renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (ER.H2O.INTR.PC), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: population aged 65 and above, share of total (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS), and life expectancy at birth (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: cereal production, metric tons (AG.PRD.CREL.MT), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: forest area, share of land area (AG.LND.FRST.ZS), Canada, Mexico and United States. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: energy use per capita, kg of oil equivalent (EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE), Canada 7,119, Mexico 1,498 and United States 6,454. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: exports of goods and services, share of GDP (NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS), Canada 31.3% and Mexico 39.6% in 2025, United States 11.0% in 2024. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Environment and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions (Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators): 685 Mt CO2 eq in 2024, 10.3% below 2005 and 0.3% below 2023. Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Environment and Climate Change Canada (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions inventory page: National Inventory Report 1990 to 2024, submitted in 2026 (page opened gave no totals). Government of Canada, Gatineau. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>United States Environmental Protection Agency (ed.), Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks (page opened reports 1990 to 2022: gross 6,343 and net 5,489 million metric tons CO2e, net 17% below 2005). EPA, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? (2023: renewables 21.4%, nuclear 18.6%, natural gas 43.1%, coal 16.2% of about 4,178 billion kWh; page updated 29 February 2024). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Canada Energy Regulator (ed.), Provincial and territorial energy profiles: Canada (hydro 60% of 625.7 TWh in 2021, wind and solar 7%, grid intensity from 220 to 100 g CO2e per kWh between 2005 and 2022). CER, Calgary. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Post-2026 Colorado River reservoir operations (page updated 3 September 2026: draft EIS 9 January 2026, final EIS 31 July 2026, record of decision 21 August 2026, 2007 interim guidelines and 2019 drought contingency plans expiring at the end of 2026). Reclamation, Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (ed.), Lower Colorado Basin daily reservoir levels (Lake Mead 1,038.93 ft and 6,904 thousand acre-feet; Lake Powell 3,532.42 ft and 5,982 thousand acre-feet on 1 November 2026; automatic reports not checked for errors). Reclamation, Boulder City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Natural Resources Canada (ed.), Forest fires: the 2023 season (more than 14.6 million hectares, more than 6,800 fires, more than 230,000 evacuations; typical year more than 2.1 million hectares). Government of Canada, Ottawa. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Canadian Interagency <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h24\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 eco.wildfire.wildfire\" data-tk=\"Land and ecosystems \u00b7 Vegetation and peat fire\" data-td=\"An uncontrolled fire in forest, scrub or grass that burns structures, crops and habitat and fills the air with smoke.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H24\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/eco\/\" data-txl=\"Land and ecosystems\">Forest Fire<\/a> Centre (ed.), 2025 national season statistics (more than 7.5 million hectares by mid-August, second-largest area in the federal record; taken from search summaries because the statistics page was refused). CIFFC, Winnipeg. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Mexico deliveries of Rio Grande water (page opened states the 350,000 acre-feet a year minimum, 1,750,000 acre-feet per five-year cycle and a cycle start of 25 October 2020; delivery graphs not readable). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), release on the cycle of 25 October 2020 to 24 October 2025 (884,861 acre-feet delivered, from search summaries). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), U.S. natural gas pipeline exports by country (Mexico 2,422,839 and Canada 1,033,487 million cubic feet in 2025). EIA, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>POST-CLOSE, context only: National Drought Mitigation Center, USDA and NOAA (eds.), U.S. Drought Monitor statistics for the contiguous United States, map valid 27 October to 2 November 2026 (D0 72.66%, D1 49.49%, D2 26.74%, D3 9.36%, D4 1.65%; cumulative). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>International Joint Commission (ed.), Mission: prevents and resolves disputes between Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; three commissioners from each country. IJC, Ottawa and Washington DC. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: IISD and White &amp; Case (eds.), analyses of the first joint review of the regional trade agreement on 1 July 2026 (no extension agreed, annual reviews, agreement in force to 1 July 2036; both pages refused, taken from search summaries). IISD, Winnipeg; White &amp; Case, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Instituto Nacional de Ecolog\u00eda y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico (ed.), Inventario nacional de emisiones de gases y compuestos de efecto invernadero (page opened reports the 2015 inventory, 683 Mt CO2e, and is dated May 2018). INECC, Mexico City. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: North American Electric Reliability Corporation (ed.), Long-term reliability assessment (the page opened gave only a headline fragment about regions at elevated risk). NERC, Atlanta. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (ed.), U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters (page opened returned no figures). NOAA NCEI, Asheville. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Servicio Meteorol\u00f3gico Nacional, Comisi\u00f3n Nacional del Agua (eds.), Monitor de Sequ\u00eda en M\u00e9xico (page opened; percentage of territory shown only in a chart; issued every two weeks since February 2014). CONAGUA, Mexico City. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Insurance Bureau of Canada (ed.), insured catastrophe losses (the page requested returned not found). IBC, Toronto. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada, Mexico and the United States (eds.), Agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican States and Canada (entered into force 1 July 2020; taken from memory). Official texts, 2020. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Mexico and the United States (eds.), Treaty on the utilisation of waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande, 1944 (taken from memory). Treaty text, 1944. Observation year 1944. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of the United States and Great Britain for Canada (eds.), Boundary Waters Treaty, 1909 (taken from memory; the commission page opened confirms the year). Treaty text, 1909. Observation year 1909. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (taken from memory). IJC, Windsor. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Governments of Canada and the United States (eds.), Columbia River Treaty (taken from memory; the ministry page opened was not found). Treaty text, 1961. Observation year 1961. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Boundary and Water Commission (ed.), Minute 323 on Colorado River arrangements (taken from memory). IBWC, El Paso. Observation year 2017. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Energy Agency (ed.), Gas Market Report (latest quarterly edition at evidence close). IEA, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026. IRENA, Abu Dhabi. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-47\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">47<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-48\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">48<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition (draft pack used by the generator as the structural base; not read by the author of this spec). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-49\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">49<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Baseline Editions 2026 for Canada and the United States (draft packs; the Mexico edition is in preparation). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-ref-50\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">50<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a> under the UNFCCC (taken from memory). UNFCCC, Bonn, 2015. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>North America Regional <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Edition 2026\u20132030<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the 2027 regional edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2027-Q1-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-nam-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">REG-NAM<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-nam-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-REGIONAL-NAM-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-REG-NAM-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for North America; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20North%20America\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20North%20America&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20North%20America\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20North%20America\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20North%20America\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on North America, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on North America for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on North America Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of North America\u2019s Interdependent Systems..&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;North America&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;North America&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-reg-nam-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-reg-nam-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>REG-NAM edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> North America 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; REG-NAM is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on North America.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Regional Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/reg-nam\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. 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