{"id":1400,"date":"2026-11-04T11:43:19","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T11:43:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T18:24:34","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:24:34","slug":"systems-in-depth","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth\/","title":{"rendered":"Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems 2026, chapter 8: Systems in depth"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Nexus Reports \u00b7 GCRI \u00b7 https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth\/ \u00b7 source sha256:26566b127253f75a64800088a5067d0e8d36d0d8ff7d38c9501bb316f01f7f49 \u00b7 generated by integrations\/wordpress\/nexus-reports\/build.mjs, never edit this file --><script>window.nexusLiveStrings={\"label\":\"Load the live map\",\"note\":\"Imagery and feeds come from other services (NASA, USGS, OpenStreetMap) and load only when you 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\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Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-reader\"><nav class=\"nrp-rail\" aria-label=\"Contents of Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems 2026\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-toc\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Edition home<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/summary\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Executive summary<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/coupled-system\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">1<\/span><span>Lifelines fail together<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/findings\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">2<\/span><span>Key findings<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-and-sectors\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">3<\/span><span>Systems and sectors at baseline<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/risk-and-capability\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">4<\/span><span>Risks and capability<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/scenario\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">5<\/span><span>Power loss that overlaps a telecom or cloud failure<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/lenses-and-readings\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">6<\/span><span>Readings from the other desks<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/agenda\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">7<\/span><span>The 2027 agenda<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">8<\/span><span>Systems in depth<\/span><\/a><ol class=\"nrp-toc-sub\"><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s1\">8.1 Common causes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s2\">8.2 Domino effects<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s3\">8.3 Inter-systemic feedbacks<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s4\">8.4 Shared vulnerabilities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s5\">8.5 Thresholds and tipping<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/methodology\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">A<\/span><span>Methodology<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/data\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">B<\/span><span>Data appendix<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/references\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">C<\/span><span>References and record<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/full\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Complete edition, for print<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/full\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/a><\/div><\/nav><article class=\"nrp-flow\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-top\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/\">Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-STRATEGIC-LIFELINES-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nrp-toc-m\"><summary>Contents<\/summary><ol class=\"nrp-toc\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Edition home<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/summary\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Executive summary<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/coupled-system\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">1<\/span><span>Lifelines fail together<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/findings\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">2<\/span><span>Key findings<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-and-sectors\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">3<\/span><span>Systems and sectors at baseline<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/risk-and-capability\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">4<\/span><span>Risks and capability<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/scenario\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">5<\/span><span>Power loss that overlaps a telecom or cloud failure<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/lenses-and-readings\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">6<\/span><span>Readings from the other desks<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/agenda\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">7<\/span><span>The 2027 agenda<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">8<\/span><span>Systems in depth<\/span><\/a><ol class=\"nrp-toc-sub\"><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s1\">8.1 Common causes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s2\">8.2 Domino effects<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s3\">8.3 Inter-systemic feedbacks<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s4\">8.4 Shared vulnerabilities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s5\">8.5 Thresholds and tipping<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/methodology\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">A<\/span><span>Methodology<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/data\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">B<\/span><span>Data appendix<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/references\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">C<\/span><span>References and record<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/full\/\"><span class=\"nrp-toc-n\">\u00b7<\/span><span>Complete edition, for print<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/details><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Common causes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One cause can strike many lifelines at once: a hazard, a cyber campaign, a war or a faulty update. The shared cause matters more than the sector.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4,875<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">incidents<\/span><p>analysed by ENISA, Jul 2024 to Jun 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22655<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">years<\/span><p>longest reported intrusion persistence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">&gt;250<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>annual loss to infrastructure, three hazards<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instance<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mechanism in action<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Natural hazards<\/td><td>floods, cyclones and earthquakes drive large annual losses to infrastructure<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cyber operations<\/td><td>pre-positioning reported in four sectors<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Conflict<\/td><td>direct strikes on power and water plants<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Software faults<\/td><td>one update reached millions of devices<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Pathways in this mechanism<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 INF hazards<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 INF software and cyber<\/li><li>CON \u2192 INF strikes<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>common cause tagging of incidents<\/li><li>frequency of concurrent causes<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Joint advisories from agencies; the next ENISA report; hazard loss updates; conflict damage assessments.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-01 Global Polycrisis and Cascading Systems Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-03 Global Supply Chains, Trade and Chokepoints<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-10 Digital Public Infrastructure and Systemic Cyber Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-02 Energy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-13 Cyber and Digital Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes causes recorded in public sources. It attributes no attack and assesses no operator.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Domino effects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A failure in one lifeline removes an input from the next. Power outages reach water works, exchanges and hospitals in sequence.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">28<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">April 2025<\/span><p>Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Windows devices affected, 18 July 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u224890<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of Kuwait\u2019s drinking water from desalination<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instance<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mechanism in action<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Power to telecoms<\/td><td>exchanges run on batteries and generators after grid loss<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Software to services<\/td><td>one vendor update disabled many operators\u2019 machines<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Power to water<\/td><td>co-located plants lose both services when struck<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water to health<\/td><td>hospital supply depends on water works<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Pathways in this mechanism<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 INF \u2192 WAT, HLT<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 INF \u2192 FIN<\/li><li>CON \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>sequence timing of service loss<\/li><li>hospital-level dependence data<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Post-event reports on timing; priority supply arrangements; vendor update practices.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-01 Global Polycrisis and Cascading Systems Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-03 Global Supply Chains, Trade and Chokepoints<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-10 Digital Public Infrastructure and Systemic Cyber Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-02 Energy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-13 Cyber and Digital Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes dependency sequences. It assesses no operator and recommends no policy.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Inter-systemic feedbacks<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Lifelines also depend on what they power. Control networks need telecoms, telecoms need power, and digital loads press back on grids.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u224850<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of US electricity demand growth from data centres, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u224845<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of US data-centre capacity in five clusters (nearly half)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">57<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of operators reported a latest outage above USD 100,000<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instance<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mechanism in action<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Digital load to grid<\/td><td>clustered demand tightens local grids<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grid to digital<\/td><td>data centres need continuous power<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Remote control<\/td><td>control networks need telecoms and power<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Financial feedback<\/td><td>losses feed budgets and delay maintenance<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Pathways in this mechanism<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>AIC \u2192 ENE<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 AIC \u2192 INF<\/li><li>DAT \u2194 INF<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>control-network dependence data<\/li><li>cluster-level reliability<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Data-centre connection requests; grid code changes for large loads; outage statistics.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-01 Global Polycrisis and Cascading Systems Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-03 Global Supply Chains, Trade and Chokepoints<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-10 Digital Public Infrastructure and Systemic Cyber Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-02 Energy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-13 Cyber and Digital Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes feedback loops. It assesses no company or operator.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Shared vulnerabilities<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Different lifelines share the same weak points: subsea cables, widely deployed software, ageing assets and a few repair resources.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">199<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">faults a year<\/span><p>subsea cable average, 2010 to 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22482\/3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\"><\/span><p>of faults from fishing and transport vessels<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD trillion<\/span><p>US ten-year investment gap<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instance<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mechanism in action<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Subsea cables<\/td><td>frequent, mostly accidental faults; few repair ships<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Common software<\/td><td>a shared platform spreads one fault widely<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ageing assets<\/td><td>energy D+, wastewater D+, dams D+ in the US<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Positioning and timing<\/td><td>signals underpin networks; no consolidated series here<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Pathways in this mechanism<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>INF \u2192 DAT cable loss<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 INF software<\/li><li>INF \u2192 FIN deferred maintenance<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>repair-vessel capacity by region<\/li><li>dependence on positioning and timing<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Cable incidents and repair queues; vendor concentration; investment announcements.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-01 Global Polycrisis and Cascading Systems Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-03 Global Supply Chains, Trade and Chokepoints<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-10 Digital Public Infrastructure and Systemic Cyber Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-02 Energy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-13 Cyber and Digital Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes shared weak points in public sources. It discloses no vulnerability and assesses no operator.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.5<\/span><span>Thresholds and tipping<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A system can absorb stress until a threshold is crossed. Black-start capability, repair capacity and recovery finance are such thresholds for lifelines.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">587.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>Ukraine recovery needs over ten years<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">24.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD billion<\/span><p>direct damage, energy and extractives, to end 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22484<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD per USD 1<\/span><p>reported return on resilient options in LMICs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instance<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mechanism in action<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Restoration capacity<\/td><td>service returned after 2024 and 2025 events; times not consolidated<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Repair capacity<\/td><td>ageing repair fleet<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery finance<\/td><td>needs far exceed damage recorded to date<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tipping in networks<\/td><td>cascades can become abrupt in interdependent networks<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Pathways in this mechanism<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>INF \u2192 INF cascade thresholds<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 INF recovery finance<\/li><li>CON \u2192 INF repeated damage<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>black-start capability data<\/li><li>cascade thresholds at operating scale<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Recovery financing decisions; restoration times after the next large outage; repair-fleet investment.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-01 Global Polycrisis and Cascading Systems Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-03 Global Supply Chains, Trade and Chokepoints<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-10 Digital Public Infrastructure and Systemic Cyber Risk<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-02 Energy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-13 Cyber and Digital Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes thresholds in public sources. It is not a prediction and assesses no operator or state.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>ENISA (ed.), ENISA Threat Landscape 2025 (publication page; period 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025; published 1 October 2025; version 1.3 of 22 September 2026). European Union Agency for Cybersecurity, Athens. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>CISA, NSA, FBI and partner agencies (eds.), PRC State-Sponsored Actors Compromise and Maintain Persistent Access to U.S. <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 critical-infrastructure\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Physical and digital assets, systems and networks whose disruption would seriously affect health, safety, security, economic welfare or the functioning of government. Criticality depends on what relies on them.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Critical Infrastructure<\/a> (Volt <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h2\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.cyclone.tropical-cyclone\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Cyclonic storm systems\" data-td=\"A warm-core rotating storm over tropical oceans whose winds, rain and surge threaten coasts and inland river basins.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H2\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\" data-tal=\"Disaster Risk Reduction\">Typhoon<\/a>), joint cybersecurity advisory AA24-038A, 7 February 2024. CISA, Arlington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), Global Assessment Report on Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2025: Resilience Pays (annual average loss to critical infrastructure above USD 250 billion for floods, tropical cyclones and earthquakes; about USD 2.3 trillion total annual disaster cost), taken from search-result summaries; the report page returned an access error. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: World Bank, United Nations and European Commission (eds.), Ukraine Fifth Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA5), released 23 February 2026 (needs USD 587.7 billion over ten years; energy about USD 91 billion; direct damage to energy and extractives USD 24.8 billion to end 2025), taken from search-result summaries. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: press and think-tank reports on strikes on power and desalination plants in Kuwait, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates, March to July 2026 (including The National, Arab News and the Arab Center Washington DC), taken from search-result summaries; no official damage assessment was found. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Microsoft (ed.), Helping our customers through the CrowdStrike outage (blog post of 20 July 2024; estimate of 8.5 million Windows devices). Microsoft, Redmond. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>ENTSO-E (ed.), 28 April 2025 Iberian <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h48\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.utilities.power-blackout\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Utility and communication network outage\" data-td=\"Loss of electricity supply across a large area, stopping water, heating, cooling, communications and health care.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H48\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">blackout<\/a>: final report of the expert panel (publication page; report dated 20 March 2026). ENTSO-E, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Hallegatte, S., Rentschler, J. and Rozenberg, J., Lifelines: The Resilient Infrastructure Opportunity (disruptions cost at least USD 390 billion a year in low- and middle-income countries; USD 4.2 trillion net benefit; about USD 4 per USD 1), taken from search-result summaries; the repository returned an access error. World Bank and GFDRR, Washington, 2019. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>IEA (ed.), Global Energy Review 2026 (revised version, May 2026). International Energy Agency, Paris. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>IEA (ed.), Energy and AI (World Energy Outlook Special Report). International Energy Agency, Paris, April 2025. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Uptime Institute (ed.), Annual Outage Analysis 2026 (57% of respondents in the 2025 survey reported a latest major outage above USD 100,000), taken from a press release summary; the report is limited to members. Uptime Institute, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>NIST (ed.), The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0, NIST CSWP 29, 26 February 2024. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>TeleGeography (ed.), Is it sabotage? Unraveling the mystery of undersea cable breaks (analysis of 199 faults a year, 2010 to 2023). TeleGeography, Washington. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>ASCE (ed.), 2025 Report Card for America\u2019s Infrastructure (overall grade C; ten-year investment gap USD 3.6 trillion; sector grades). American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: TeleGeography (ed.), submarine cable maintenance data (June 2025; about two thirds of repair ships reach end of service life by 2040), taken from search-result summaries. TeleGeography, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Buldyrev, S.V. et al., Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464, 1025 to 1028, 2010, cited from memory. Springer Nature. Observation year 2010. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-noprint\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-cite\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-cite-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-sr-02-c8-cite-h\"><span>Cite this chapter<\/span><\/h2><pre class=\"nrp-pre\">Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Chapter 8: Systems in depth. In Strategic Systems Report 2026: Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-STRATEGIC-LIFELINES-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI).<\/pre><p class=\"nrp-note\">Every citation form of the whole report, BibTeX and RIS included, is on the edition home. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/#nx-nrp-sr-02-land-cite\">Cite this report<\/a><\/p><\/section><nav class=\"nrp-pager\" aria-label=\"Previous and next\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/agenda\/\" rel=\"prev\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Previous \u00b7 Chapter 7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-pager-t\">The 2027 agenda<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/methodology\/\" rel=\"next\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Next \u00b7 Annex A<\/span><span class=\"nrp-pager-t\">Methodology<\/span><\/a><\/nav><\/article><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Strategic Systems<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/sr-02\/systems-in-depth#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.<\/p><section id=\"nx-sec-signature\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-sec-signature-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sector signature<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-sec-signature-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The sectors behind Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A reading aid: the sectors the findings run through and how strongly they depend on each other.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><figure class=\"nx-nsig\" data-nx-sig=\"WEIH\" data-sig-ctx=\"urban-flood\" data-sig-name=\"Infrastructure and its partners\" data-sig-line=\"Infrastructure gives pipes, dams and treatment works to water (0.6), transmission and fuel logistics to energy (0.6) and access to care to health (0.5).\" data-sig-inst=\"Reports\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-plate\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-strip\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Signatures in context\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span>Select corners \u00b7 hover lines<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">6 \/ 15 relations<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Sector signature hexagon: Water, Energy, Infrastructure and Health selected, 6 of 15 relations in play, coupling 0.46. Teaching values.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\"><div><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Context<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">Infrastructure and its partners<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\">Infrastructure gives pipes, dams and treatment works to water (0.6), transmission and fuel logistics to energy (0.6) and access to care to health (0.5).<\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>W<\/span> \u00b7 <span>E<\/span> \u00b7 <span>I<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">F<\/span> \u00b7 <span>H<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">B<\/span><\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Sectors<\/dt><dd><strong>4<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Relations<\/dt><dd><strong>6<\/strong> <small>of 15<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Coupling<\/dt><dd><strong>0.46<\/strong> <small>share of total<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><h3 class=\"nx-nsig-dh\">Strongest relations in play<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-nsig-rel\"><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Energy \u2192 Infrastructure<\/b> \u00b7 power for transport and telecoms<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.8<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Energy<\/b> \u00b7 cooling water and hydropower<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Infrastructure \u2192 Water<\/b> \u00b7 pipes, dams and treatment works<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Health<\/b> \u00b7 drinking water and sanitation<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"7\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.7<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"all\">Select all<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-sig-act=\"copy\">Copy signature<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-al-nexus-reports-editions-sr-02-systems-in-depth-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-al-nexus-reports-editions-sr-02-systems-in-depth-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-al-nexus-reports-editions-sr-02-systems-in-depth-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/urban-flood\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Urban flood<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/risk-information-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Risk information standards and interoperability<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/data\/identification-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Identification (the UNI)<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script><style>@media print { @page { margin: 20mm 17mm 20mm 17mm; @top-left { content: \"Nexus Reports\"; font: 500 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @top-right { content: \"Critical Infrastructure and Lifeline Systems 2026 \\0000b7  Chapter 8\"; font: 400 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Sans\", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-left { content: \"NR-STRATEGIC-LIFELINES-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE \\0000b7  Draft, not released\"; font: 400 7pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-center { content: \"CC BY 4.0. 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