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\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\"><style>#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-xt-05-full.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">Exponential Technology Report 2026: Genomics and Gene Editing<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">XT-05<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Exponential Technology<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\"><\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut DC-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-B0<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Exponential Technology Report 2026: Genomics and Gene Editing (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. Genomics is data infrastructure and a therapeutic frontier<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Individualised editing outpaces delivery systems<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>17 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Genomics and gene editing matter to the Nexus programme in two ways. They are a data and hardware infrastructure: sequencers, reference genomes, biobanks, compute and a workforce that reads results. They are also a therapeutic technology whose first products are reaching patients, with rules that differ by country. The therapy evidence is strong for one product family. In a phase 3 study of exagamglogene autotemcel in sickle cell disease, 29 of 30 evaluable patients (97%) were free of severe vaso-occlusive crises for 12 months or more<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>. In transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia, 32 of 35 evaluable patients (91%) reached transfusion independence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. The FDA approved the first CRISPR-based therapy on 8 December 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. A 2025 report describes one infant treated with a patient-specific base editor<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. The data base is large. The first complete human genome sequence has 3.055 billion base pairs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>, UK Biobank has sequenced 490,640 participants<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup>, and the All of Us programme released 245,388 genomes, 77% from communities under-represented in research<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>. The physical and legal base is less measured. Vendor pages claim sequencing prices of USD 60 or more per genome<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup>, independent costs are not bound, and compute has a carbon footprint<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup>. Trade controls shaped sequencer supply in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup>. Heritable editing is judged unacceptable at this time by the Third Summit<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline sets out what the evidence supports and where it is thin. It forecasts no clinical or market outcome and ranks no country or company.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the genomics baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">In two phase 3 studies most evaluable patients met the primary end point at short follow-up.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Do editing therapies work?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">The FDA approved Casgevy on 8 December 2023 for patients 12 and older.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is the approval real?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">One infant received a patient-specific base editor in 2025; one case is not a trend.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Can a therapy be made for one patient?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">No. A 2023 death after high-dose viral vector therapy and a 2025 liver event show open risks.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is the safety record settled?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A complete genome of 3.055 billion base pairs and genome releases of 245,388 and 490,640 people.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How large are the data resources?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Vendor pages claim list prices; independent cost data were not read.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What does a genome cost?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">The Third Summit judged it unacceptable at this time; national rules differ.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What are the rules on heritable editing?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Whether delivery, payment and oversight can keep pace with individualised editing. SCN-XT05-DLV-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What will 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">In a phase 3 study of exa-cel in severe sickle cell disease, 29 of 30 evaluable patients (97%) were free of severe vaso-occlusive crises for at least 12 consecutive months.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-fig1-t\">Evaluable patients in the sickle cell study (count)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Evaluable for the primary end point<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Free of severe crises for 12 months or more<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"96.7\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">29<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Free of related hospitalisation for 12 months or more<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Frangoul et al., NEJM 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>. 44 patients received exa-cel; 30 had sufficient follow-up.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">The result supports reading ex vivo editing of blood stem cells as a working therapy for one disease. Median follow-up was 19.3 months, patients needed myeloablative conditioning, and no cancers occurred in the period reported. The FDA approved the product on 8 December 2023 for patients 12 and older<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">97<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>sickle cell patients free of crises<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">91<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>thalassaemia patients transfusion independent<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.055<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">billion bp<\/span><p>complete genome sequence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">490,640<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">participants<\/span><p>UK Biobank genomes<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">245,388<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">genomes<\/span><p>All of Us release<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">42.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD million<\/span><p>Casgevy revenue, Q1 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports reading genomics as data infrastructure and as a therapeutic technology.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people the genomics story arrives as a cure headline, a data-privacy scare or a price.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Revenue is small, access depends on cost and manufacturing capacity, and one-time prices raise payment questions.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Genomics is well described by single results and thinly measured as a system.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the 2026 state of genomics and gene editing as infrastructure and the couplings through which it carries risk into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. It synthesises published evidence and ranks no country, company or asset.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a forecast of therapy uptake, a technology ranking, an endorsement of any vendor or an assessment of any programme. Clinical approval, data protection, trade controls and rules on heritable editing are decisions of competent authorities.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>National, regional and sector evidence feeds the 2027 genomics edition through the federation. Each edition reports what changed against this baseline: observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>Lek, A. et al., Death after High-Dose rAAV9 Gene Therapy in a Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, New England Journal of Medicine 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Genomics is data infrastructure and a therapeutic frontier<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It ranks no country or operator and assesses no authority.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>22 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is genomics risk concentrated?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry genomics shocks into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which genomics capabilities hold under compound stress?<\/li><li>What must 2027 evidence measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Five footprint and governance chapters<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>Genomics is often told as a story of falling cost. The 2026 evidence reads it as two things at once: a data and hardware infrastructure of sequencers, reference genomes and biobanks, and a therapeutic technology whose first products now reach patients<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The therapy evidence is strong for one family. In two phase 3 studies, 97% of evaluable sickle cell patients and 91% of evaluable thalassaemia patients met the primary end point<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. One infant received a patient-specific base editor in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. These are results at short follow-up, not a settled safety record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The data evidence is practical. A complete genome sequence of 3.055 billion base pairs exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup>, a draft pangenome adds 119 million base pairs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup>, and two biobanks hold hundreds of thousands of genomes<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>. Most genetic studies still rest on European ancestry<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The physical and legal base is the least measured part. Vendor pages claim low sequencing prices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup>, the energy footprint of sequencing is unpublished, compute has a carbon footprint<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup>, and trade rules changed sequencer supply in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig1-t\">How much sequence did the two reference releases add? Million base pairs<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Both releases added sequence to the earlier reference. The two figures are measured against the same earlier reference but with different methods, so they are not additive<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">T2T-CHM13 (2022): nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">200<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Draft pangenome (2023): 119 million base pairs of added polymorphic sequence<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"59.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">119<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2023.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.055<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">billion bp<\/span><p>T2T-CHM13 sequence, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u2248200<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million bp<\/span><p>new sequence in T2T-CHM13<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">119<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million bp<\/span><p>added in the draft pangenome<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">47<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">assemblies<\/span><p>phased diploid assemblies in the draft pangenome<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The genomics-centred matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, read for their genomics content. Strengths are Nexus estimates (ESTIMATED) from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the graph that 2027 evidence will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">compute and cold chain power<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">clinic and laboratory load<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">genome data and therapy outcomes<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">no documented link<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">edited plants under new rules<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">genome variation and disease<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">DAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Reference genomes and biobanks inform diagnosis and therapy targets.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> T2T, UK Biobank and All of Us<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Trade rules change sequencer supply.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> Illumina China bans and BIOSECURE<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Payment and manufacturing capacity limit therapy access.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> cost-effectiveness analysis and company report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Compute and cold chain power shape the cost of scale.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> carbon footprint studies<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">GOV \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Approval pathways and heritable-editing limits set what reaches patients.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> FDA and Third Summit<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>Lek, A. et al., Death after High-Dose rAAV9 Gene Therapy in a Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, New England Journal of Medicine 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Fatumo, S. et al., A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies, Nature Medicine 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>Sirugo, G., Williams, S.M. and Tishkoff, S.A., The Missing Diversity in Human Genetic Studies, Cell 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Cell Press, Cambridge. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c1-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the genomics baseline. They are grouped by coupling and never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>24 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">In a phase 3 study of exa-cel in severe sickle cell disease, 29 of 30 evaluable patients (97%) were free of severe vaso-occlusive crises for at least 12 consecutive months.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-fig1-t\">Evaluable patients in the sickle cell study (count)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Evaluable for the primary end point<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Free of severe crises for 12 months or more<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"96.7\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">29<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Free of related hospitalisation for 12 months or more<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Frangoul et al., NEJM 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>. 44 patients received exa-cel; 30 had sufficient follow-up.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">The result supports reading ex vivo editing of blood stem cells as a working therapy for one disease. Median follow-up was 19.3 months, patients needed myeloablative conditioning, and no cancers occurred in the period reported. The FDA approved the product on 8 December 2023 for patients 12 and older<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">Longer follow-up, treatment counts, price negotiations and cost-effectiveness studies would each move this finding<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In a phase 3 study of exa-cel in severe sickle cell disease, 29 of 30 evaluable patients (97%) were free of severe vaso-occlusive crises for 12 months or more, and all 30 were free of related hospitalisation.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-002\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In a phase 3 study of exa-cel in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia, 32 of 35 evaluable patients (91%) reached transfusion independence for 12 months or more.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-003\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">A 2025 report describes one infant with carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency who received a patient-specific base-editing therapy in two infusions; follow-up was 7 weeks after the first infusion and no serious adverse events occurred.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-004\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-HLT-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">In October 2025 a patient in a phase 3 trial of an in vivo editing therapy had a life-threatening liver event, and the FDA placed two trials on hold, according to trade press reporting company disclosures.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Finance<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-005\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-FIN-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Casgevy revenue was USD 42.9 million in the first quarter of 2026 against USD 14.2 million a year earlier, and a cost-effectiveness analysis states that gene therapy access is limited by cost and manufacturing capacity.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Data and digital<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-006\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The T2T-CHM13 sequence has 3.055 billion base pairs with nearly 200 million new, and the draft pangenome holds 47 phased diploid assemblies and adds 119 million base pairs of polymorphic sequence.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-007\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-DAT-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">UK Biobank released whole genomes for 490,640 participants and All of Us released 245,388 genomes, of which 77% are from communities under-represented in research; literature finds most studies still rest on European ancestry.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Infrastructure<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-INF-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-INF-008\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-INF-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Vendor pages claim more than 128 genomes per run on one sequencer and a USD 60 genome at list price on another; neither claim is independent evidence.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Energy<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-ENE-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-ENE-009\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-ENE-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">A study of common analyses found biobank-scale association studies emit substantial carbon, and a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.7<\/span><span>Trade<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-TRD-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-TRD-010\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-TRD-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">China listed Illumina as an unreliable entity in February 2025, banned its sequencer imports in March 2025 and lifted the ban on 10 November 2025; the BIOSECURE Act was enacted on 18 December 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.8<\/span><span>Governance<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 5<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-011\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-GOV-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The FDA approved Casgevy and Lyfgenia on 8 December 2023, and the Third Summit organising committee judged heritable genome editing unacceptable at this time on 8 March 2023.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.9<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is individualised editing moving faster than the payment, manufacturing and oversight <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> around it. \u00a7 scenario<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Intellia Therapeutics and trade press on the lifting of the 2025 clinical holds on the MAGNITUDE trials, taken from search-result summaries that differ on dates. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Fatumo, S. et al., A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies, Nature Medicine 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>Sirugo, G., Williams, S.M. and Tishkoff, S.A., The Missing Diversity in Human Genetic Studies, Cell 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Cell Press, Cambridge. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ultima Genomics (ed.), UG 100 Solaris launch announcement of 24 February 2025 (USD 80 genome at list price), taken from search-result summaries; vendor evidence, weak. Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c2-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HLT \u00b7 Therapy<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Evaluable sickle cell patients free of severe crises<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">97<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>29 of 30 patients, 12 months or more.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>NEJM<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DAT \u00b7 Reference<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Base pairs in the complete T2T-CHM13 sequence<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.055<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">billion<\/span><p>nearly 200 million base pairs new.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2022<\/span><span>Science<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DAT \u00b7 Biobanks<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Participants with whole genomes in UK Biobank<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">490,640<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">participants<\/span><p>released in 2025.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>Nature<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIN \u00b7 Finance<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Casgevy revenue in the first quarter<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">42.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD million<\/span><p>against 14.2 in the first quarter of 2025; company report.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2026<\/span><span>Vertex<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">INF \u00b7 Hardware<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Vendor claim: genomes per NovaSeq X Plus run<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">&gt;128<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">genomes<\/span><p>vendor page, not independent evidence.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2026<\/span><span>Illumina<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">TRD \u00b7 Trade<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Fall in Illumina instrument sales in China, third quarter<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">54<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">% fall<\/span><p>year on year; import ban lifted in November 2025.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>MedTech Dive<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read through genomics, in words, not scored. The coupling column names the dependency that carries genomics risk into each domain.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>Water use of sequencing laboratories and cell-therapy manufacture is not published.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">none documented<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Compute for genomics has a carbon footprint; sequencing and cold-chain energy is unpublished.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2194 INF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Gene-edited plants are regulated in England and the EU; yield and uptake evidence is not bound here.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GOV \u2192 FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>The core therapeutic coupling: one approved editing product, a case report and safety events.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">the core system<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Reference genomes and pangenomes describe human variation; ecological applications are not evidenced here.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 BIO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td>Footprint at scale is not bound; no figure is used.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>Sequencers, flow cells and cold chains carry the work; throughput claims come from vendors.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2194 DAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Casgevy revenue is rising from a small base; access is limited by cost and manufacturing capacity.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2192 HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Reference genomes and two large biobanks; ancestry balance is uneven.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">the data carrier<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>A genome foundation model trained on 9.3 trillion base pairs was reported in a 2025 preprint; clinical use is not evidenced here.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 AIC<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>No documented mineral coupling at baseline; consumables and reagents are not assessed.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">none documented<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>Trade rules changed instrument supply in 2025 and a procurement law followed.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 INF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen sectors are screened for their dependence on genomics, on the same grammar as every national edition. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>genomics couples to health, data, trade and finance<\/td><td>delivery outpaces oversight<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>water use not published<\/td><td>none documented<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>compute footprint<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>load from large compute<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food<\/td><td>plant editing rules<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>regulatory divergence<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health<\/td><td>approved therapy and phase 3 results<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>safety and access<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance<\/td><td>Casgevy revenue<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>payment of one-time therapies<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development<\/td><td>cost barrier in low-income settings<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>widening gaps<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate<\/td><td>footprint at scale not bound<\/td><td>energy demand<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster<\/td><td>no documented coupling<\/td><td>none documented<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure<\/td><td>sequencer and cold-chain needs<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>single-vendor dependence<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities<\/td><td>no documented coupling<\/td><td>none documented<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>no documented coupling<\/td><td>none documented<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth observation<\/td><td>no documented coupling<\/td><td>none documented<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and digital<\/td><td>genetic data sale in bankruptcy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>data protection<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy<\/td><td>WHO framework and national rules<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>uneven oversight<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science<\/td><td>strong peer-reviewed base<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>common benchmarks<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Montano-Campos, J.F. et al., Cost-effectiveness of gene therapy for sickle cell disease in Uganda: tailoring high-income evidence to Uganda context, Gene Therapy 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), Anne Wojcicki bid to buy 23andMe in bankruptcy (trade press, 17 June 2025; USD 305 million bid against a USD 256 million bid; state objections; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: NPR (ed.), Judge approves sale of 23andMe to a nonprofit led by its founder (30 June 2025), taken from a search-result summary; the page returned a service error. NPR, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four genomics risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>27 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-XT05-HLT-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Safety events in in vivo editing<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>high-dose delivery and new targets<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>patients in early trials<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>small trials; short follow-up<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>clinical holds, monitoring and review<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>HLT \u2192 FIN, GOV<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 5 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-XT05-DAT-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Genetic data ownership and privacy<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>sale of a large genetic database in bankruptcy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>millions of customers<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>consent and state-by-state rules; weak federal limits<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>state privacy laws and non-discrimination law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>DAT \u2192 FIN, HLT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 5 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-XT05-TRD-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Sequencer and consumable supply politics<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>trade controls and procurement law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>laboratories relying on one instrument family<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>few suppliers; reagent supply not assessed<\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>new entrants and alternative platforms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>TRD \u2192 INF \u2192 DAT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 5 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-XT05-GOV-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Uneven oversight of editing<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>differing national rules and a fast-moving bespoke pathway<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>cross-border treatment and research<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>heritable-editing rules differ; some rely on soft law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>WHO framework and summit statements<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>GOV \u2192 HLT, FIN<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1 to 10 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence for genomics at the global level.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>newborn and population screening programmes running<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>no common tracker of treatment counts or long-term safety<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>safety signals reach the public through company disclosures<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>WHO framework and approval pathways<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>instrument and reagent reserves are not documented<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>clinical holds and monitoring rules were applied in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>cold-chain continuity for cell therapies not documented<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>not applicable at baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>new pathways for individualised therapies are being drafted<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>access in low-income settings is limited<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>price negotiations ongoing; payer data not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>summits and WHO governance work<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>reference genomes and biobanks available<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>genetic counsellor numbers known; wider workforce not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>ADEQUATE<\/td><td>strong peer-reviewed base<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>Lek, A. et al., Death after High-Dose rAAV9 Gene Therapy in a Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, New England Journal of Medicine 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), Anne Wojcicki bid to buy 23andMe in bankruptcy (trade press, 17 June 2025; USD 305 million bid against a USD 256 million bid; state objections; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: NPR (ed.), Judge approves sale of 23andMe to a nonprofit led by its founder (30 June 2025), taken from a search-result summary; the page returned a service error. NPR, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, Public Law 110-233, United States Congress, cited from memory. Observation year 2008. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Council of Europe (ed.), Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Oviedo Convention), 1997, cited from memory; the page returned an access error. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. Observation year 1997. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Lander, E.S. et al., Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing, Nature 567, 165 to 168, 2019, cited from memory. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Genomics England (ed.), Generation Study: newborn genome sequencing (initiative page; 100,000 babies; more than 200 conditions; recruitment progress not stated). Genomics England, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), draft guidance on the plausible mechanism framework for individualised therapies, February 2026, taken from search-result summaries. FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Montano-Campos, J.F. et al., Cost-effectiveness of gene therapy for sickle cell disease in Uganda: tailoring high-income evidence to Uganda context, Gene Therapy 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>Jinek, M. et al., A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity, Science 2012 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c4-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Individualised editing outpaces delivery systems<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>2 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>3 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>bespoke editing pathways open faster than payment, manufacturing and oversight capacity grow<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>the 2025 patient-specific therapy and the 2025 trial holds<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled: the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified run scheduled for 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">GOV \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">a plausible mechanism pathway lowers the evidence needed for bespoke therapies<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">payers face one-time prices with thin outcome data<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">INF \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">manufacturing and clinic capacity limit who is treated<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2026<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 GOV<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">a safety event in a bespoke or in vivo therapy triggers holds<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">trade rules change instrument and reagent supply<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">DAT \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">genetic data and biobanks become assets in disputes over ownership<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">2025<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01 would travel through Genomics and Gene Editing&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Governance to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A plausible mechanism pathway lowers the evidence needed for bespoke therapies. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Health to finance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Payers face one-time prices with thin outcome data. Analogue or source: 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Infrastructure to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Manufacturing and clinic capacity limit who is treated. Analogue or source: 2026.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Health to governance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A safety event in a bespoke or in vivo therapy triggers holds. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Trade to infrastructure<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Trade rules change instrument and reagent supply. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 DAT to finance<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Genetic data and biobanks become assets in disputes over ownership. Analogue or source: 2025.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition XT-05, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01, step 6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026, scenario SCN-XT05-DLV-01<\/a> (2026); Genomics and Gene Editing 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c5-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The genomics baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>36 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports reading genomics as data infrastructure and as a therapeutic technology. Results are strong for one therapy family and for reference data, and the physical, cost and supply layers are thinly measured. Evidence is strongest for single peer-reviewed results, and weakest for energy, cost and treatment counts.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">HLT-001 \u00b7 DAT-006 \u00b7 GOV-011 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most people the genomics story arrives as a cure headline, a data-privacy scare or a price. The baseline asks that public debate separate peer-reviewed results from company claims, and keep consent over genetic data in view.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">HLT-001 \u00b7 HLT-004 \u00b7 DAT-007<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Revenue is small, access depends on cost and manufacturing capacity, and one-time prices raise payment questions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an approval.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">FIN-005 \u00b7 HLT-002<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>Genomics is well described by single results and thinly measured as a system. The 2027 programme should count treatments, publish a comparable footprint and test the delivery pathway before more bespoke therapies reach patients.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 Q-01 \u00b7 Q-02<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for genomics. The standards are a preparatory working draft (2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability exist?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests show?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What changed in the year, and what renews?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards and Academy<\/td><td>technology chapter inputs: GCRI evidence, NXS standards, RA capability<\/td><td>technology editorial board<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. Adoption of any standard is a decision of the competent standards body.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the Reports editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Genomics is a data and hardware build-out and a therapeutic frontier. The first is large and measurable; the second is real for one product family and early for the rest. Keeping them apart avoids both hype and complacency.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>Two stories, one technology<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">A peer-reviewed phase 3 report, a company revenue line and a vendor price page carry different weight. This edition labels each and asks for a common basis before costs are compared.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>Separate results, claims and prices<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Compute, cold chains and instruments are rarely counted. A published footprint would show whether scale is limited by energy, supply or money.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>The footprint is the blind spot<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Therapies exist for a few patients. Whether they reach people in low-income settings depends on cost, manufacturing and clinics, which analyses are only starting to model.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>Access is the open question<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from regional consortia, national pathways and invited experts begin with the 2027 global edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 genomics readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the 2027 global cycle. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">2027 genomics readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>Genomics risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five global system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 6 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>Federation delivery register<\/td><td>national chapters in preparation<\/td><td>national chapters<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>Consortium capability register<\/td><td>national consortia forming<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>Leadership questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>national environments prepared<\/td><td>first federation cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first federation-wide cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no state or organisation.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments and published guidance that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">DRAFT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>FDA approval of Casgevy and Lyfgenia<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FDA<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2023<\/td><td>approval<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plausible mechanism pathway<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FDA<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>DRAFT 2026<\/td><td>bespoke therapies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Human genome editing framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>WHO<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/td><td>governance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third Summit statement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>organising committee<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2023<\/td><td>heritable editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UK Parliament<\/td><td>England<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>plant editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>EU Parliament and Council<\/td><td>EU<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2026<\/td><td>plant editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BIOSECURE provisions in the FY2026 NDAA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Congress<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>procurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oviedo Convention<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Council of Europe<\/td><td>Europe<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>genome interventions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>US Congress<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>IN FORCE<\/td><td>data and employment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heritable editing moratorium call<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>scientists<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2019<\/td><td>moratorium<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The EU adopted its regulation on plants from new genomic techniques in June 2026, to apply from July 2028<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The FDA described a plausible mechanism pathway and issued draft guidance in 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The BIOSECURE provisions were enacted on 18 December 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The OMB list of biotechnology companies of concern due by 18 December 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Final FDA guidance on the plausible mechanism pathway<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Application of the EU regulation on new genomic techniques from 2028<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. Instruments open for signature or awaiting ratification are labelled as such; a change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers genomics assessments, peer-reviewed science and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Systematic reviews for each agenda item begin in 2027.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about genomics and gene editing as infrastructure and its couplings?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>peer-reviewed journals and preprints; regulators and international bodies; statutes and statements; market, vendor and trade-press reports<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items 01 to 05 in 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Peer-reviewed science and preprints<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Frangoul et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>sickle cell therapy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Locatelli et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>thalassaemia therapy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Musunuru et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>patient-specific editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lek et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>safety event<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nurk et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>complete genome<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Liao et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>pangenome<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jinek et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2012<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>programmable Cas9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Komor et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2016<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>base editing<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Clinical evidence and safety<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Anzalone et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2019<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>prime editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK Biobank consortium<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>whole genomes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>All of Us investigators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>diverse cohort<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fatumo et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>diversity roadmap<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sirugo, Williams and Tishkoff<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2019<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>missing diversity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stephens et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>data growth<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IHGSC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2001<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>first draft sequence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grealey et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>compute footprint<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards, policy and governance<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>FDA approval notice<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FDA<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>approval<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WHO framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>WHO<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>governance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third Summit statement<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>organising committee<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>heritable editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Precision Breeding Act<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UK Parliament<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>plant editing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oviedo Convention<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Council of Europe<\/td><td>1997<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>genome interventions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Supply, market and data overviews<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Vertex first quarter report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Vertex<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>company revenue<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cost-effectiveness analysis<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Blood<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>cost and capacity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Illumina product page<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Illumina<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>vendor claim<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ultima product page<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Ultima<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>vendor claim<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Employment projection<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>BLS<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>workforce<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Generation Study<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Genomics England<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>newborn sequencing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evo 2 preprint<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>bioRxiv<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>genome model<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Ex vivo editing met its primary end point in most evaluable patients at short follow-up<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Genomic datasets are large and still weighted to European ancestry<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Heritable editing is not currently acceptable<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Long-term safety of in vivo editing and high-dose delivery<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Real sequencing and therapy costs on a common basis<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>How much energy and cooling genomics needs at scale<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">PREPRINTS<\/p><p>Three sources<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup> are preprints and are labelled as not peer-reviewed. They contextualise findings; none binds a finding on its own.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), draft guidance on the plausible mechanism framework for individualised therapies, February 2026, taken from search-result summaries. FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Council of Europe (ed.), Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Oviedo Convention), 1997, cited from memory; the page returned an access error. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. Observation year 1997. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, Public Law 110-233, United States Congress, cited from memory. Observation year 2008. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Lander, E.S. et al., Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing, Nature 567, 165 to 168, 2019, cited from memory. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>Lek, A. et al., Death after High-Dose rAAV9 Gene Therapy in a Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, New England Journal of Medicine 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>Jinek, M. et al., A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity, Science 2012 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Komor, A.C. et al., Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage, Nature 2016 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2016. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Anzalone, A.V. et al., Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA, Nature 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Fatumo, S. et al., A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies, Nature Medicine 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>Sirugo, G., Williams, S.M. and Tishkoff, S.A., The Missing Diversity in Human Genetic Studies, Cell 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Cell Press, Cambridge. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Stephens, Z.D. et al., Big Data: Astronomical or Genomical?, PLOS Biology 2015 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Public Library of Science, San Francisco. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium, Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome, Nature 409, 860 to 921, 2001, cited from memory. Observation year 2001. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Genomics England (ed.), Generation Study: newborn genome sequencing (initiative page; 100,000 babies; more than 200 conditions; recruitment progress not stated). Genomics England, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>Brixi, G. et al., Genome modelling and design across all domains of life with Evo 2, bioRxiv preprint 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; trained on 9.3 trillion base pairs; not peer reviewed at the time of reading). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 genomics agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due in the 2027 genomics edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>5 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How many patients are treated with editing therapies, at what price, and where are the access gaps?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-XT05-DLV-01 \u00b7 delivery and access; first output: treatment and price register.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What energy, cooling and cold-chain load do sequencing and cell therapies carry?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-XT05-ENE-02 \u00b7 footprint of genomics; first output: footprint estimates by activity.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What do sequencing and therapy costs look like on an independent basis?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-XT05-CST-03 \u00b7 cost on a common basis; first output: cost table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which instruments, consumables and reagents are single points of failure?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-XT05-SUP-04 \u00b7 sequencer supply; first output: dependence map.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How balanced are genome datasets by ancestry on a common basis?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-XT05-DIV-05 \u00b7 dataset balance; first output: ancestry table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which national rules cover genetic data, somatic editing and heritable editing?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in 2027; first output: rule overlay.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What workforce exists for genetic counselling, laboratory work and bioinformatics?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in 2027; first output: scoping note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">Q-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which readiness capabilities have been tested, and which are only planned?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">Readiness capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Five initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for the 2027 genomics portfolio. They are programme objects: no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-XT05-DLV-01<\/span><\/td><td>Delivery and access<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>Q-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-XT05-ENE-02<\/span><\/td><td>Footprint of genomics<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>Q-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-XT05-CST-03<\/span><\/td><td>Cost on a common basis<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>Q-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-XT05-SUP-04<\/span><\/td><td>Sequencer supply<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>Q-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-XT05-DIV-05<\/span><\/td><td>Dataset balance<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>Q-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-XT05-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Delivery pathway Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>Q-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The genomics edition reads national readiness chapters, the coupled sector reports on health and data, and the global edition through one governed evidence graph. At baseline the federation is designed; the global energy and lifeline editions are drafted. This page states what exists today and what comes next.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National readiness chapters<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">genomic medicine and data-protection readiness in each national edition<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">IN PREPARATION \u00b7 national baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Sector couplings<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">GS-04 health \u00b7 XT-04 biotechnology \u00b7 XT-10 cryptography<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">GS-04 DRAFTED \u00b7 sector baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Technology system model<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">sequencing, data, therapies, trade, workforce, governance<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">v0 SPECIFIED \u00b7 v1 with federation evidence<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Strategic links<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">SR-02 lifeline <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> \u00b7 SR-13 strategic technology<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PLANNED \u00b7 strategic baselines<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 mandate in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">XT-05 report<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">this series<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE DRAFT \u00b7 2027 annual edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">one graph, many projections<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first correction cycle in 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027: evidence pack for the genomics candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027: evidence pack for the genomics candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>2027 global annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-XT05-2027-01 \u00b7 Delivery pathway Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor \u00b7 Institutional anchor \u00b7 Mission lead: drawn from national pathways<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>HLT-001 \u00b7 sickle cell therapy<\/td><td>INI-XT05-DLV-01<\/td><td>delivery and access<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HLT-004 \u00b7 safety event<\/td><td>INI-XT05-DLV-01<\/td><td>delivery and access<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DAT-007 \u00b7 biobanks<\/td><td>INI-XT05-DIV-05<\/td><td>dataset balance<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>INF-008 \u00b7 vendor claims<\/td><td>INI-XT05-CST-03<\/td><td>cost on a common basis<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-009 \u00b7 compute footprint<\/td><td>INI-XT05-ENE-02 \u00b7 key F review<\/td><td>footprint of genomics<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TRD-010 \u00b7 trade<\/td><td>INI-XT05-SUP-04<\/td><td>sequencer supply<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GOV-011 \u00b7 approval and governance<\/td><td>regional consortia<\/td><td>rule overlay<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-XT05-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the federation<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">CODES ARE NOT JOINS<\/p><p>Series codes in this edition (XT-05 and its relatives) are Reports codes. Codes in other indices can look alike. This edition makes no join on a code alone: a join needs a registry record that names both subjects.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. States and organisations receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Journals and preprints on editing and safety<\/td><td>peer review and preprints<\/td><td>continuous<\/td><td>HLT-001<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FDA approvals and guidance<\/td><td>FDA<\/td><td>per release<\/td><td>GOV-011<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biobank data releases<\/td><td>biobanks<\/td><td>per release<\/td><td>DAT-007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Company results and announcements<\/td><td>companies<\/td><td>quarterly<\/td><td>FIN-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Trade and procurement notices<\/td><td>agencies and ministries<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>TRD-010<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Employment projections<\/td><td>BLS<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>FIN-005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Clinical hold and safety notices<\/td><td>companies and FDA<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>HLT-004<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">annual publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-XT05-001<\/td><td>Phase 3 exa-cel results<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>HLT<\/td><td>research question Q-01<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-XT05-002<\/td><td>Clinical hold on in vivo editing trials, October 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>HLT<\/td><td>research question Q-01<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-XT05-003<\/td><td>Vendor price claims for sequencing<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>INF<\/td><td>initiative Q-03<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c7-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>9 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>25 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Sequencing hardware, data and compute<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Sequencers, reference genomes and biobanks carry the data base. Evidence is strongest where peer review exists, and weakest where claims rest on vendor pages.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3.055<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">billion bp<\/span><p>T2T-CHM13 complete sequence<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">490,640<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">participants<\/span><p>UK Biobank whole genomes<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">&gt;128<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">genomes<\/span><p>vendor claim per NovaSeq X Plus run<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Reference genomes<\/td><td>a complete sequence and a 47-assembly draft pangenome published<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biobanks<\/td><td>two releases of 490,640 and 245,388 genomes<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sequencers<\/td><td>vendor pages claim 16 to 21 Tb per run and a USD 60 genome on another platform<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genome models<\/td><td>a 2025 preprint reports a model trained on 9.3 trillion base pairs<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>INF \u2194 DAT hardware and data<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 HLT diagnosis and targets<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 AIC genome models<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>independent cost per genome<\/li><li>sequencer fleet by country<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Independent cost studies; pangenome releases; peer-reviewed validation of genome models.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-04 Biotechnology<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-10 Cybersecurity and Advanced Cryptography<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-04 Critical Minerals and Strategic Materials<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-01 Artificial Intelligence and Agentic Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes published results and vendor claims. It endorses no vendor or platform and forecasts no cost.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Compute, energy and cold chains<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Genomics is a big-data science, and compute has a carbon footprint. The energy and cooling use of sequencing and of cell-therapy cold chains is not published.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">73<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>cut in one tool footprint after a software upgrade<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2025<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">projection year<\/span><p>genomics compared with astronomy and video platforms<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">figures bound<\/span><p>cold-chain energy and water<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Compute<\/td><td>biobank-scale association studies emit substantial carbon; software choices matter<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data growth<\/td><td>genomics projected to be on par with the most demanding data domains<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cold chain<\/td><td>cell therapies are collected, edited and infused; energy not published<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>not published for laboratories and manufacture<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2194 INF facility power<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 CLI emissions<\/li><li>INF \u2192 HLT cold-chain continuity<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>sequencing and cold-chain energy<\/li><li>laboratory water use<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Published footprints; data-centre efficiency; green compute tools.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-04 Biotechnology<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-10 Cybersecurity and Advanced Cryptography<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-04 Critical Minerals and Strategic Materials<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-01 Artificial Intelligence and Agentic Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes physical dependencies. It assesses no company or laboratory.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Instruments, consumables and supply chain<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Sequencing depends on instruments and consumables from a few suppliers, and trade rules changed supply in 2025.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">54<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">% fall<\/span><p>Illumina instrument sales in China, Q3 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">November 2025<\/span><p>date China lifted its Illumina import ban<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">18<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">December 2026<\/span><p>OMB list deadline under BIOSECURE<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Instrument trade<\/td><td>China banned Illumina imports in March 2025 and lifted the ban in November 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Procurement law<\/td><td>BIOSECURE enacted on 18 December 2025; BGI, FGI and MGI covered through the 1260H list<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>New entrants<\/td><td>a second vendor lists a lower price on its own platform<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reagents and plastics<\/td><td>not assessed in this edition<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>TRD \u2192 INF instruments<\/li><li>TRD \u2192 DAT data access<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 INF new platforms<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>consumable supply by country<\/li><li>single points of failure by platform<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>The OMB list; instrument approvals in China; new platform launches.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-04 Biotechnology<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-10 Cybersecurity and Advanced Cryptography<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-04 Critical Minerals and Strategic Materials<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-01 Artificial Intelligence and Agentic Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes supply dependencies in public sources. It assesses no company, state or trade decision.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Economy, access and workforce<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Therapy revenue is rising from a small base, and access is limited by cost and manufacturing capacity. Workforce figures are thin.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">42.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">USD million<\/span><p>Casgevy revenue, Q1 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u22484,200<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">jobs<\/span><p>genetic counsellors in the US, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>projected growth, 2025 to 2035<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Revenue<\/td><td>USD 42.9 million in the first quarter of 2026 against USD 14.2 million in 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Access<\/td><td>limited by cost and manufacturing capacity; a Uganda model adapts evidence to local costs<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Counselling workforce<\/td><td>median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Newborn sequencing<\/td><td>a study plans 100,000 babies and screens for more than 200 conditions<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>FIN \u2192 HLT access<\/li><li>HLT \u2192 FIN payment<\/li><li>DAT \u2192 FIN data assets<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>patients treated and prices<\/li><li>wider workforce<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Quarterly company reports; price agreements; workforce projections.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-04 Biotechnology<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-10 Cybersecurity and Advanced Cryptography<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-04 Critical Minerals and Strategic Materials<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-01 Artificial Intelligence and Agentic Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes revenue and employment as reported. It gives no investment advice and endorses no company.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.5<\/span><span>Security, data protection and governance watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Rules decide what reaches patients and who holds genetic data. Heritable editing is judged unacceptable at this time, and approvals for bespoke therapies are being redrawn.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2023<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">first approval<\/span><p>FDA approval of Casgevy, 8 December<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2021<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">WHO framework<\/span><p>published 12 July<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">2028<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">application<\/span><p>EU regulation on plants from new genomic techniques applies from 17 July<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Approvals<\/td><td>first CRISPR-based therapy approved; plausible mechanism pathway described<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heritable editing<\/td><td>judged unacceptable at this time by the Third Summit committee<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n28\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r28\" aria-label=\"Note 28\">28<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data protection<\/td><td>sale of a large genetic database was approved in bankruptcy in 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plant editing<\/td><td>rules in England and the EU<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>GOV \u2192 HLT approvals<\/li><li>GOV \u2192 DAT consent<\/li><li>GOV \u2192 FOO plant rules<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>national rule texts<\/li><li>migration of data-protection practice<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Final FDA guidance; WHO updates; national heritable-editing rules; state privacy laws.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Related editions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GLB Global Systems<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GS-04 Health<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-04 Biotechnology<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-10 Cybersecurity and Advanced Cryptography<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SR-04 Critical Minerals and Strategic Materials<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">XT-01 Artificial Intelligence and Agentic Systems<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes rules in public sources. It confers no certification on any product and assesses no government or company.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>Brixi, G. et al., Genome modelling and design across all domains of life with Evo 2, bioRxiv preprint 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; trained on 9.3 trillion base pairs; not peer reviewed at the time of reading). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Stephens, Z.D. et al., Big Data: Astronomical or Genomical?, PLOS Biology 2015 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Public Library of Science, San Francisco. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Montano-Campos, J.F. et al., Cost-effectiveness of gene therapy for sickle cell disease in Uganda: tailoring high-income evidence to Uganda context, Gene Therapy 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Genomics England (ed.), Generation Study: newborn genome sequencing (initiative page; 100,000 babies; more than 200 conditions; recruitment progress not stated). Genomics England, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r28\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 28\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), Anne Wojcicki bid to buy 23andMe in bankruptcy (trade press, 17 June 2025; USD 305 million bid against a USD 256 million bid; state objections; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: NPR (ed.), Judge approves sale of 23andMe to a nonprofit led by its founder (30 June 2025), taken from a search-result summary; the page returned a service error. NPR, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-c8-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>14 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>13 tables<\/span><span>21 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The global baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>Share of evaluable sickle cell patients free of crises<\/td><td>29 \u00f7 30<\/td><td>97%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>Share of evaluable thalassaemia patients transfusion independent<\/td><td>32 \u00f7 35<\/td><td>91%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>Year-on-year growth in Casgevy revenue, first quarter<\/td><td>42.9 \u00f7 14.2<\/td><td>about 3.0 times<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Evaluable share of treated sickle cell patients<\/td><td>30 \u00f7 44<\/td><td>68%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season, in more than one region<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at global scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card, Genomics System Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-XT05-GENOMICS \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent genomics and gene editing as infrastructure coupled to health, compute and energy, trade and supply, finance, workforce and data protection<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from assessments and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against federation evidence in 2027<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>global scale; not for asset-, site- or country-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">17<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings to measure first; explaining the two readings of genomics as data infrastructure and as a therapeutic frontier.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, country comparisons or rankings, operational decisions, or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The global baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Federation cuts begin with the first national Foundry cuts in 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>DC-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-B0<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>44 cited sources, each at the edition and access date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>the 2027 genomics annual cut<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the federation cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2027 global annual<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited global publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>national, regional and sector cuts through one graph<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>Genomics System Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to federation evidence<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 global edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Phase 3 sickle cell and thalassaemia reports<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>NEJM 2024<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>longer follow-up<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FDA approval<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>Dec 2023<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>paediatric label<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Patient-specific base editing report<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>NEJM 2025<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>follow-up<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reference genome and pangenome<\/td><td>2022 to 2023<\/td><td>Science 2022 \u00b7 Nature 2023<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>pangenome release 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biobank genome releases<\/td><td>2024 to 2025<\/td><td>Nature 2024 \u00b7 Nature 2025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>next releases<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Compute footprint studies<\/td><td>2021 to 2022<\/td><td>Adv Sci 2021 \u00b7 MBE 2022<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>new studies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vertex company report<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>page read 2026-11-03<\/td><td>quarterly<\/td><td>next quarterly report<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Illumina trade events<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Feb to Nov 2025<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>current status<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Therapies<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>treatment counts and prices<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data resources<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><td>ancestry balance on a common basis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Governance<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>national rule texts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>payer and price data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>sequencing and cold-chain energy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Supply<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>consumables and reagents<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Skills<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>workforce beyond counselling<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Agriculture and environment<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>edited crop and animal data<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Designed empty states: what is not bound, what would fill it and why<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source that would fill it<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Blocker<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Energy and cooling use of sequencing laboratories and cell-therapy cold chains<\/td><td>laboratories, manufacturers, peer-reviewed footprint studies<\/td><td>not retrieved; only compute footprints were read<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NHGRI cost per genome series values<\/td><td>NHGRI sequencing cost data table<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>the page shows graphs and a linked Excel table; the values were not read<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Independent cost per genome at scale<\/td><td>service providers, national laboratories, published cost studies<\/td><td>only vendor list prices were read, and the Ultima page shows both USD 60 and USD 80<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Patients treated with editing therapies, by country<\/td><td>company reports, treatment centre registries, regulators<\/td><td>the first quarter 2026 report gave no counts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup>; full-year figures come from a search summary<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Prices paid for editing therapies<\/td><td>payers, health technology assessment bodies, company reports<\/td><td>not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Number of people with a sequenced genome worldwide<\/td><td>national programmes, vendors, published tallies<\/td><td>no consolidated series found<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ancestry balance of genome datasets on a common basis<\/td><td>cohort papers and diversity monitors<\/td><td>two cohorts and two commentaries read<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sequencer fleet and consumable supply by country<\/td><td>trade statistics, vendor filings<\/td><td>not retrieved; only trade events were read<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Text of Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 from the Official Journal<\/td><td>Official Journal of the European Union<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not opened; dates and structure come from search summaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FDA draft guidance on the plausible mechanism pathway<\/td><td>FDA guidance page<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not opened; the November 2025 report was read<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Date and terms on which the FDA lifted the 2025 clinical holds<\/td><td>company and FDA notices<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>search summaries only; sources differ on dates<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>National rules on genetic data, somatic editing and heritable editing<\/td><td>statutes and regulators<\/td><td>not retrieved; the Oviedo text was not opened<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genomics workforce beyond genetic counsellors<\/td><td>national statistics, surveys<\/td><td>not retrieved; only counsellor figures were read<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs beyond approvals and planning<\/td><td>agencies, clinics, laboratories<\/td><td>not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards, two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2024 by Frangoul and colleagues. Phase 3 single-group study. Role: binds HLT-001. Coverage: patients 12 to 35 years of age.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-XT05-001<\/h3><p>Exagamglogene autotemcel for severe sickle cell disease<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Published in Science in 2022 by the Telomere-to-Telomere Consortium. One-off assembly. Role: binds DAT-006. Coverage: one human cell line genome.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-XT05-002<\/h3><p>The complete sequence of a human genome<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-XT05-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-XT05-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>one disease; 30 evaluable patients<\/td><td>one genome; all chromosomes except Y gapless<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>interim analysis at median 19.3 months<\/td><td>single release in 2022<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>follow-up reports expected<\/td><td>pangenome release builds on it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>methods and end points published<\/td><td>assembly methods published<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>peer review<\/td><td>peer review<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Frangoul<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup>: follow-up beyond the median 19.3 months<\/li><li>Vertex<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup>: counts of patients treated<\/li><li>FDA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup>: draft guidance text<\/li><li>Official Journal<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup>: regulation text<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>water, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>bp<\/td><td>base pairs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CRISPR<\/td><td>clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>exa-cel<\/td><td>exagamglogene autotemcel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FDA<\/td><td>US Food and Drug Administration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GWAS<\/td><td>genome-wide association study<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LNP<\/td><td>lipid nanoparticle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NDAA<\/td><td>National Defense Authorization Act<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NEJM<\/td><td>New England Journal of Medicine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OMB<\/td><td>US Office of Management and Budget<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T2T<\/td><td>Telomere-to-Telomere<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TDT<\/td><td>transfusion-dependent beta-thalassaemia<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WHO<\/td><td>World Health Organization<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-tab13\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.13<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the global indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-XT05-DLV-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>Cluster notes<\/td><td>cards for the major sequencing and cell-therapy clusters<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition: transfusion independence<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>a weighted average haemoglobin level of 9 g per decilitre or higher without red-cell transfusion for at least 12 consecutive months<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>patients meeting the definition among evaluable patients<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>prespecified interim analysis of an open-label single-group study<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>New England Journal of Medicine 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>95% <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 confidence-interval\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A range computed from data by a procedure that would contain the true value in a stated share of repeated samples.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">confidence interval<\/a> 77 to 98 for the 91% result<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>interim analysis; short follow-up; no comparison arm<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>National Human Genome Research Institute (ed.), The Cost of Sequencing a Human Genome (fact sheet page; method notes read; the cost values sit in graphs and a linked table that were not read; page updated 16 May 2023). NHGRI, Bethesda. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ultima Genomics (ed.), UG 100 Solaris launch announcement of 24 February 2025 (USD 80 genome at list price), taken from search-result summaries; vendor evidence, weak. Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), full-year 2025 results (Casgevy revenue USD 115.8 million in 2025 and USD 10 million in 2024), taken from search-result summaries. Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Fatumo, S. et al., A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies, Nature Medicine 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>Sirugo, G., Williams, S.M. and Tishkoff, S.A., The Missing Diversity in Human Genetic Studies, Cell 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Cell Press, Cambridge. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), draft guidance on the plausible mechanism framework for individualised therapies, February 2026, taken from search-result summaries. FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Intellia Therapeutics and trade press on the lifting of the 2025 clinical holds on the MAGNITUDE trials, taken from search-result summaries that differ on dates. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Council of Europe (ed.), Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Oviedo Convention), 1997, cited from memory; the page returned an access error. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. Observation year 1997. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>9 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>17 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Global baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Patients treated with exa-cel, sickle cell study<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">44<\/span><\/td><td>patients<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evaluable patients, sickle cell study<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">30<\/span><\/td><td>patients<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Free of severe crises for 12 months or more<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">29<\/span><\/td><td>patients<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Median follow-up, sickle cell study<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">19.3<\/span><\/td><td>months<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Patients treated with exa-cel, thalassaemia study<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">52<\/span><\/td><td>patients<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transfusion independent, evaluable patients<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">32 of 35<\/span><\/td><td>patients<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Base pairs in T2T-CHM13<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">3.055<\/span><\/td><td>billion<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>New sequence in T2T-CHM13<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u2248200<\/span><\/td><td>million bp<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Phased assemblies in draft pangenome<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">47<\/span><\/td><td>assemblies<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Added sequence in draft pangenome<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">119<\/span><\/td><td>million bp<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK Biobank whole genomes<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">490,640<\/span><\/td><td>participants<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>All of Us genomes released<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">245,388<\/span><\/td><td>genomes<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Casgevy revenue, first quarter 2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">42.9<\/span><\/td><td>USD million<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Casgevy revenue, first quarter 2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">14.2<\/span><\/td><td>USD million<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genetic counsellor jobs<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u22484,200<\/span><\/td><td>jobs<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Newborn genomes planned in Generation Study<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">100,000<\/span><\/td><td>babies<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0A%22Patients%20treated%20with%20exa-cel%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C44%2Cpatients%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0A%22Evaluable%20patients%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C30%2Cpatients%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0AFree%20of%20severe%20crises%20for%2012%20months%20or%20more%2C29%2Cpatients%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0A%22Median%20follow-up%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C19.3%2Cmonths%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B2%5D%0A%22Patients%20treated%20with%20exa-cel%2C%20thalassaemia%20study%22%2C52%2Cpatients%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0A%22Transfusion%20independent%2C%20evaluable%20patients%22%2C32%20of%2035%2Cpatients%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0ABase%20pairs%20in%20T2T-CHM13%2C3.055%2Cbillion%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B11%5D%0ANew%20sequence%20in%20T2T-CHM13%2C%E2%89%88200%2Cmillion%20bp%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B11%5D%0APhased%20assemblies%20in%20draft%20pangenome%2C47%2Cassemblies%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B12%5D%0AAdded%20sequence%20in%20draft%20pangenome%2C119%2Cmillion%20bp%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B12%5D%0AUK%20Biobank%20whole%20genomes%2C%22490%2C640%22%2Cparticipants%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B16%5D%0AAll%20of%20Us%20genomes%20released%2C%22245%2C388%22%2Cgenomes%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0A%22Casgevy%20revenue%2C%20first%20quarter%202026%22%2C42.9%2CUSD%20million%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0A%22Casgevy%20revenue%2C%20first%20quarter%202025%22%2C14.2%2CUSD%20million%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B6%5D%0AGenetic%20counsellor%20jobs%2C%22%E2%89%884%2C200%22%2Cjobs%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B33%5D%0ANewborn%20genomes%20planned%20in%20Generation%20Study%2C%22100%2C000%22%2Cbabies%2C2026%2CREPORTED%2C%5B34%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22Exponential%20Technology%20Report%202026%3A%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Patients%20treated%20with%20exa-cel%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2244%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Evaluable%20patients%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2230%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Free%20of%20severe%20crises%20for%2012%20months%20or%20more%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2229%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Median%20follow-up%2C%20sickle%20cell%20study%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2219.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22months%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B2%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Patients%20treated%20with%20exa-cel%2C%20thalassaemia%20study%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2252%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Transfusion%20independent%2C%20evaluable%20patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2232%20of%2035%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22patients%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Base%20pairs%20in%20T2T-CHM13%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%223.055%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22billion%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B11%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22New%20sequence%20in%20T2T-CHM13%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%89%88200%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20bp%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B11%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Phased%20assemblies%20in%20draft%20pangenome%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2247%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22assemblies%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B12%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Added%20sequence%20in%20draft%20pangenome%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22119%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%20bp%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B12%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22UK%20Biobank%20whole%20genomes%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22490%2C640%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22participants%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22All%20of%20Us%20genomes%20released%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22245%2C388%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22genomes%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Casgevy%20revenue%2C%20first%20quarter%202026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2242.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Casgevy%20revenue%2C%20first%20quarter%202025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2214.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22USD%20million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B6%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Genetic%20counsellor%20jobs%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%89%884%2C200%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22jobs%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B33%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Newborn%20genomes%20planned%20in%20Generation%20Study%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22100%2C000%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22babies%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222026%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B34%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Values are rounded as published. Vendor and company values are weak evidence and are labelled in the text. References marked UNVERIFIED were not opened and are listed in the notes. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>Global source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">DAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">INF<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">GOV<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">BIO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">AIC<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Global source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Frangoul et al., NEJM<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed journal<\/td><td>sickle cell<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>therapy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Locatelli et al., NEJM<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed journal<\/td><td>thalassaemia<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>therapy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FDA approval notice<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national regulator<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>approval<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nurk et al., Science<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed journal<\/td><td>method<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>reference genome<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UK Biobank and All of Us papers<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed journal<\/td><td>UK and US<\/td><td>2024 to 2025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>cohorts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grealey et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peer-reviewed journal<\/td><td>method<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>one-off<\/td><td>compute footprint<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vertex first quarter report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>company<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>quarterly<\/td><td>revenue<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Illumina and Ultima pages<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>vendor<\/td><td>global<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>continuous<\/td><td>hardware claims<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BIOSECURE and Illumina China summaries<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>law firm and trade press<\/td><td>US and China<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>trade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BLS Occupational Outlook<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics office<\/td><td>US<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>workforce<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading, genomics across ten clusters<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Regional plates follow with the regional editions. This page gives the regional reading of genomics infrastructure and exposure in table form and ranks no region.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading, genomics across ten clusters<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Region<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>North America<\/td><td>approvals; large cohorts; trade and procurement law<\/td><td>therapies, data, trade<\/td><td>FDA<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>; All of Us<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>; BIOSECURE<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>South America<\/td><td>early programmes; access gaps<\/td><td>access<\/td><td>regional evidence (not bound)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Europe<\/td><td>UK Biobank and newborn sequencing; plant-editing rules<\/td><td>data, rules<\/td><td>UK Biobank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup>; Generation Study<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup>; Act<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Eurasia<\/td><td>research programmes; export controls<\/td><td>research, supply<\/td><td>regional evidence (not bound)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Middle East and North Africa<\/td><td>treatment access in several countries<\/td><td>access<\/td><td>Vertex report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Africa<\/td><td>cost-effectiveness for sickle cell therapy in Uganda<\/td><td>access, cost<\/td><td>Uganda analysis<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>South Asia<\/td><td>national genome programmes<\/td><td>data, skills<\/td><td>regional evidence (not bound)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>East Asia<\/td><td>sequencer trade controls; domestic platforms<\/td><td>supply, trade<\/td><td>MedTech Dive<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ASEAN<\/td><td>programmes and partnerships<\/td><td>data, supply<\/td><td>regional evidence (not bound)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Oceania-Pacific<\/td><td>research programmes; skills<\/td><td>research, workforce<\/td><td>regional evidence (not bound)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">MAP PLATES WITH THE REGIONAL EDITIONS<\/p><p>Each plate will carry its boundary source and version, projection, resolution, classification, uncertainty encoding and public-safe transform, with text and table alternatives.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any region or country.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Cluster card: ex vivo editing therapy chain<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">cell therapy<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">cold chain<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">treatment centres<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">single point<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>cell collection, editing, manufacture, conditioning, infusion<\/dd><dt>Defining events<\/dt><dd>approval on 8 December 2023 and a pediatric submission in 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>HLT \u2192 FIN payment; INF \u2192 HLT manufacturing capacity<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>authorised treatment centres reported by the company<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>patients treated; prices; cold-chain energy<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>Q-01 \u00b7 Q-02<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">A 2026 analysis states that gene therapy access is limited by cost and manufacturing capacity in the United States and globally [7].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">ACCESS<\/h3><p>Capacity and cost<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Vertex reported USD 42.9 million of Casgevy revenue in the first quarter of 2026 and has submitted for children 5 to under 12 [6].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">MARKET<\/h3><p>Revenue from a small base<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">A cost-effectiveness analysis compares gene therapy with haploidentical transplantation and standard care [7].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">RESPONSE<\/h3><p>Alternatives<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Cluster cards are generated for the major sequencing and therapy clusters in 2027. The ex vivo therapy chain is shown first because its capacity limit is documented.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>How countries appear in the genomics edition<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Countries enter the genomics edition through the readiness chapters of their own national editions, on one card grammar. They are read against peer distributions and thresholds, never ranked.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">How countries appear in the genomics edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Card field<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it shows<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>WEFH+B state<\/td><td>each core system against peer distribution bands<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Couplings<\/td><td>the national dependency matrix<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk objects<\/td><td>the national risk portfolio<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability rungs<\/td><td>the national capability ladder<\/td><td>national edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence age<\/td><td>oldest and newest source dates<\/td><td>national source register<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Editions in the 2026 Baseline programme<\/h3><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">26<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">national<\/span><p>countries and unions<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">regional<\/span><p>clusters<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">16<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">global<\/span><p>flagship and sector<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">14<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strategic<\/span><p><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> reports<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">frontier<\/span><p>technology reports<\/p><\/div><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">How to read a country card<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Each system is shown against the distribution of its peers, with thresholds where they exist<\/li><li>Couplings and risk objects come from the country\u2019s own national edition<\/li><li>Capability rungs record evidence, not a judgement of institutions<\/li><li>Evidence age is printed, so older national data are visible as such<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">National Baseline Editions in the 2026 programme<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Wave<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Countries and unions<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>W0<\/td><td>Canada<\/td><td>ISSUED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>W1<\/td><td>United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, European Union, Switzerland<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>W2<\/td><td>Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, T\u00fcrkiye, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, South Africa, Senegal, Kenya, African Union, India, China, Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Singapore, Australia<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and each country\u2019s ownership of its national edition is unaffected by its appearance here.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>16 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>DC-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-B0, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Genomics England (ed.), Generation Study: newborn genome sequencing (initiative page; 100,000 babies; more than 200 conditions; recruitment progress not stated). Genomics England, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Montano-Campos, J.F. et al., Cost-effectiveness of gene therapy for sickle cell disease in Uganda: tailoring high-income evidence to Uganda context, Gene Therapy 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-xt-05-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\">Genomics and Gene Editing 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>44 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), FDA approves first gene therapies to treat patients with sickle cell disease (press announcement, 8 December 2023; Casgevy uses CRISPR\/Cas9, Lyfgenia a lentiviral vector; patients 12 years and older). FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Frangoul, H. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 44 treated, 30 evaluable, 29 free of crises for 12 months or more). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Locatelli, F. et al., Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent beta-Thalassemia, New England Journal of Medicine 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 52 treated, 35 evaluable, 32 transfusion independent). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>Musunuru, K. et al., Patient-Specific In Vivo Gene Editing to Treat a Rare Genetic Disease, New England Journal of Medicine 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; one infant, two infusions at about 7 and 8 months of age). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 5, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>Clinical Trials Arena (ed.), FDA unveils new pathway to usher bespoke therapies to market (trade press, 13 November 2025; describes the plausible mechanism pathway announced in a journal article by the FDA Commissioner and the CBER Director; secondary report, weak evidence). Clinical Trials Arena, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), Vertex Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results (company press release read through a wire page; Casgevy revenue USD 42.9 million against USD 14.2 million; pediatric submission completed; company statement, weak evidence). Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Chetlapalli, K. et al., Haploidentical transplant, gene therapy, and standard care in sickle cell disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Blood 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; gene therapy access limited by cost and manufacturing capacity). American Society of Hematology, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Montano-Campos, J.F. et al., Cost-effectiveness of gene therapy for sickle cell disease in Uganda: tailoring high-income evidence to Uganda context, Gene Therapy 2026 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>BioSpace (ed.), Life-threatening liver toxicity triggers FDA <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> on two Intellia gene therapy studies (trade press, 30 October 2025; relays company disclosures; secondary report, weak evidence). BioSpace, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>Lek, A. et al., Death after High-Dose rAAV9 Gene Therapy in a Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, New England Journal of Medicine 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Massachusetts Medical Society, Waltham. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>Nurk, S. et al., The complete sequence of a human genome, Science 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 3.055 billion base pairs; nearly 200 million base pairs of new sequence). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>Liao, W.-W. et al. (Human Pangenome Reference Consortium), A draft human pangenome reference, Nature 2023 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 47 phased diploid assemblies; 119 million base pairs added). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>National Human Genome Research Institute (ed.), The Cost of Sequencing a Human Genome (fact sheet page; method notes read; the cost values sit in graphs and a linked table that were not read; page updated 16 May 2023). NHGRI, Bethesda. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>Illumina (ed.), NovaSeq X Series product page (vendor claims: 16 to 21 Tb per run for NovaSeq X Plus, more than 128 genomes per run, run time about 14 to 48 hours; vendor evidence, weak). Illumina, San Diego. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>Ultima Genomics (ed.), germline genetics product page (vendor claim of a USD 60 genome at list price over 4 wafers on the UG200 series; the browser title reads USD 80; vendor evidence, weak). Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>UK Biobank Whole-Genome Sequencing Consortium, Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, Nature 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>All of Us Research Program Genomics Investigators, Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program, Nature 2024 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; 245,388 genomes; 77% from communities under-represented in research). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Fatumo, S. et al., A roadmap to increase diversity in genomic studies, Nature Medicine 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>Sirugo, G., Williams, S.M. and Tishkoff, S.A., The Missing Diversity in Human Genetic Studies, Cell 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Cell Press, Cambridge. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Stephens, Z.D. et al., Big Data: Astronomical or Genomical?, PLOS Biology 2015 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Public Library of Science, San Francisco. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Grealey, J. et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology and Evolution 2022 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; a software upgrade cut one tool footprint by 73%). Oxford University Press, Oxford. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Lannelongue, L., Grealey, J. and Inouye, M., Green Algorithms: Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Computation, Advanced Science 2021 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Wiley, Weinheim. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>Brixi, G. et al., Genome modelling and design across all domains of life with Evo 2, bioRxiv preprint 2025 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record; trained on 9.3 trillion base pairs; not peer reviewed at the time of reading). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>Jinek, M. et al., A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity, Science 2012 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington. Observation year 2012. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>Komor, A.C. et al., Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage, Nature 2016 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2016. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Anzalone, A.V. et al., Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA, Nature 2019 (abstract read through the Europe PMC record). Springer Nature, London. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>World Health Organization (ed.), Human genome editing: a framework for governance (technical document, 12 July 2021; companion recommendations published separately and not read). WHO, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Royal Society (ed.), Statement from the Organising Committee of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing (8 March 2023; convened by the Royal Society, the Academy of Medical Sciences, the US National Academies and The World Academy of Sciences). Royal Society, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>UK Parliament (ed.), Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act 2023, 2023 c. 6 (contents page read; section texts not read). UK Parliament, London. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Latham and Watkins (ed.), BIOSECURE Act becomes law, limiting grants with biotechnology companies of concern (law-firm summary; enacted 18 December 2025 in the FY2026 NDAA; OMB list due by 18 December 2026; secondary source of a statute). Latham and Watkins, Los Angeles. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), China to lift Illumina <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h60\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 sys.supply-chain.trade-restriction\" data-tk=\"Systemic and compound events \u00b7 Supply-chain and flow disruption\" data-td=\"Export bans, sanctions or embargoes that cut access to goods, energy or inputs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H60\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/sys\/\" data-txl=\"Systemic and compound events\">export ban<\/a> (trade press, November 2025; listing in February 2025, import ban in March 2025, lift on 10 November 2025, instrument sales in China down 54% in the third quarter; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>MedTech Dive (ed.), Anne Wojcicki bid to buy 23andMe in bankruptcy (trade press, 17 June 2025; USD 305 million bid against a USD 256 million bid; state objections; secondary report, weak evidence). Industry Dive, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>US Bureau of Labor Statistics (ed.), Occupational Outlook Handbook: Genetic Counselors (about 4,200 jobs in 2025; median pay USD 100,040 in May 2025; 10% growth projected 2025 to 2035). BLS, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Genomics England (ed.), Generation Study: newborn genome sequencing (initiative page; 100,000 babies; more than 200 conditions; recruitment progress not stated). Genomics England, London. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Vertex Pharmaceuticals (ed.), full-year 2025 results (Casgevy revenue USD 115.8 million in 2025 and USD 10 million in 2024), taken from search-result summaries. Vertex, Boston. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026\/1388 on plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques (adopted 17 June 2026, published 26 June 2026, applies from 17 July 2028), taken from search-result summaries that differ on some dates. Official Journal of the European Union, Luxembourg. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: US Food and Drug Administration (ed.), draft guidance on the plausible mechanism framework for individualised therapies, February 2026, taken from search-result summaries. FDA, Silver Spring. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: NPR (ed.), Judge approves sale of 23andMe to a nonprofit led by its founder (30 June 2025), taken from a search-result summary; the page returned a service error. NPR, Washington. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Intellia Therapeutics and trade press on the lifting of the 2025 clinical holds on the MAGNITUDE trials, taken from search-result summaries that differ on dates. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Ultima Genomics (ed.), UG 100 Solaris launch announcement of 24 February 2025 (USD 80 genome at list price), taken from search-result summaries; vendor evidence, weak. Ultima Genomics, Newark. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Council of Europe (ed.), Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Oviedo Convention), 1997, cited from memory; the page returned an access error. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. Observation year 1997. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Lander, E.S. et al., Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing, Nature 567, 165 to 168, 2019, cited from memory. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium, Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome, Nature 409, 860 to 921, 2001, cited from memory. Observation year 2001. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, Public Law 110-233, United States Congress, cited from memory. Observation year 2008. Accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>Exponential Technology Report 2026: Genomics and Gene Editing, Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Exponential Technology Series XT-05<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the 2027 genomics edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2027-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-xt-05-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">XT-05<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-xt-05-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-XTECH-GENOMICS-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-XTC-XT-05-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for Genomics and Gene Editing; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20Genomics%20and%20Gene%20Editing\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on Genomics and Gene Editing, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on Genomics and Gene Editing for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on Exponential Technology Report 2026: Genomics and Gene Editing.&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Genomics and Gene Editing&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Exponential Technology Report \u00b7 XT-05&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;Genomics and Gene Editing&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Exponential Technology Report \u00b7 XT-05&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-xt-05-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-xt-05-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>XT-05 edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> Genomics and Gene Editing 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; XT-05 is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on Genomics and Gene Editing.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Exponential Technology<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/xt-05\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. 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