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\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svg{display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-are-full.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-are-full.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-nr-gcri-editions-are-full.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><div class=\"nrp\"><div class=\"nrp-wrap\"><p class=\"nrj-draft\" data-nrj-shared=\"draft\" role=\"note\"><strong>Draft, not yet released.<\/strong> In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.<\/p><article class=\"nrp-flow\"><header class=\"nrp-hero\"><div class=\"nrp-hero-grid\"><div><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Baseline Edition 2026<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Complete edition<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 class=\"pp-hero-title nrp-hero-title-l\">United Arab Emirates Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026<\/h1><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The State of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 Interdependent Systems<\/p><div class=\"nrp-actions\"><button class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" type=\"button\" data-nrp-act=\"print\" hidden><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 18H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h16a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\"\/><path d=\"M6 9V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6\"\/><rect x=\"6\" y=\"14\" width=\"12\" height=\"8\" rx=\"1\"\/><\/svg>Print or save as PDF<\/button><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19 12H5\"\/><path d=\"m12 19-7-7 7-7\"\/><\/svg>Edition home<\/a><\/div><p class=\"nrp-note nrp-noprint\">Choose A4 or Letter in the print dialog; running heads and page numbers are added in print. This is a review copy: the signed PDF with its DOI is issued at release.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nrp-cover\"><div class=\"nrp-cover-top\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">ARE<\/span><\/div><span class=\"nrp-cover-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"nrp-cover-k\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-t\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cover-s\">The State of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 Interdependent Systems<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cover-foot\"><span>Baseline Edition 2026<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><span><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> for the Nexus Consortium<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block nrp-imprint\" aria-label=\"Imprint\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Imprint<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor, the Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto<\/dd><dt>Report number<\/dt><dd class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026, cut NQ-ARE-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Status<\/dt><dd>Draft under stewardship review; not yet released<\/dd><dt>DOI and UNI<\/dt><dd>Issued at deposit<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>CC BY 4.0 for Nexus-authored text, tables and figures; third-party material keeps its own licence<\/dd><dt>Cite as<\/dt><dd>Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). United Arab Emirates <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk and Resilience Report 2026: The State of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 Interdependent Systems (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI). https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" aria-label=\"Contents\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Contents<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">\u00b7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-summary\">Executive summary<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-coupled-system\">Chapter 1. The United Arab Emirates\u2019 risk is heat, water and supply at once<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-findings\">Chapter 2. Key findings<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-systems-and-sectors\">Chapter 3. Systems and sectors at baseline<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-risk-and-capability\">Chapter 4. Risks and capability<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-scenario\">Chapter 5. Humid summer heat peak with grid and desalination stress<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-lenses-and-readings\">Chapter 6. Readings from the other desks<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">7<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-agenda\">Chapter 7. The 2027 agenda<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">8<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-systems-in-depth\">Chapter 8. Systems in depth<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-methodology\">Annex A. Methodology<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">B<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-data\">Annex B. Data appendix<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">C<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-part-references\">Annex C. References and record<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-summary\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Executive summary<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Executive summary<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The edition on a few pages: the abstract, the key messages, the headline finding and what each steward reads in it.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>12 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.1<\/span><span>Abstract<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>The United Arab Emirates enters 2027 as a hot, hyper-arid federation of seven emirates with 11.3 million residents, an economy in which non-oil activity is about three quarters of output, and a power system that has changed quickly<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup>. Its inventory reported net emissions of 195.2 Mt CO\u2082e in 2022 including land use, 0.8% below 2019<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup>. The third climate contribution aims for 103.5 Mt CO\u2082e net in 2035, 47% below a 2019 base of 196.3 Mt, and net zero in 2050<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Gas gave 68% of electricity in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, as nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>. Water is the binding constraint: internal renewable freshwater is about 15 m\u00b3 a person, and in Abu Dhabi groundwater was 60% of the water consumed and was drawn at 24 times its recharge<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup>. The IMF reports that at least 80% of food is imported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. Heat and rain are both hazards: a reading of 51.6 \u00b0C was reported in May 2025, and 254 mm of rain fell in under 24 hours in April 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup>. This Baseline Edition fixes the 2026 reference state for these <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, maps the couplings through which heat, water, power and supply shocks travel, and sets the questions the first operational edition will answer with Foundry evidence in Q1 2027. It ranks nothing and decides nothing.<\/p><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.2<\/span><span>Key messages<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Six readings that frame the United Arab Emirates baseline, and the eight questions this edition answers, each with its status and source.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-km\"><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">195.2 Mt CO\u2082e net in 2022 including land use, 0.8% below 2019. Later years are not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Where do emissions stand?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">103.5 Mt CO\u2082e net in 2035, 47% below a 2019 base of 196.3 Mt; net zero in 2050.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What is the climate aim?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Gas 68%, nuclear 21%, solar 10% in 2025; 7,907 MW of renewables at the end of 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How is electricity made?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">About 15 m\u00b3 of renewable freshwater a person; Abu Dhabi groundwater was drawn at 24 times recharge.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How exposed is water?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">At least 80% is imported. The import share by commodity is not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>How secure is food?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">The third NDC names heat stress and heat stroke a high risk. A heat-illness series is not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>Is heat a health hazard?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">254 mm of rain in under 24 hours on 16 April 2024.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What does a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.flash-flood\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"A fast, violent rise of water in a small catchment or dry channel within hours of intense rain.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">flash flood<\/a> look like?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">A humid summer heat peak loading power, desalination and outdoor-work protection together. SCN-ARE-HTW-01<\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-m\"><span>What will Q1 2027 test first?<\/span><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.3<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Gas gave 68% of electricity generation in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, while nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%, and total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure S.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-fig1-t\">Electricity generation by source, 2019 and 2025 (TWh)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Gas 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">134.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Gas 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"93.1\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">125.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Nuclear 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"0.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Nuclear 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"29.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">39.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"2.7\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">3.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"13.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">18.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Ember yearly electricity data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figure><p class=\"nrp-p\">Gas generation fell by about 7% while total output grew by a third, so the change came from new nuclear and solar capacity added to rising demand, not from lower demand. Cooling and desalination ride on the same grid, so the mix matters for heat and water as well as for emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.4<\/span><span>At a glance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">11.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>population, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">74<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>international migrant stock, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">86<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>urban population, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">195.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Mt CO\u2082e<\/span><p>net emissions incl. land use, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">68<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>gas share of electricity, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u226580<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of food imported, per the IMF staff report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.5<\/span><span>What each steward reads in it<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 risk: heat, scarce water and a gas-heavy but changing power system act together.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Forum\">GRF<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most residents risk arrives as a summer of extreme heat, a sudden flood or a water-supply question.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Risks Alliance\">GRA<\/abbr> \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Fuel income carries public finance, and insurance and reserve data are not bound.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>The United Arab Emirates is changing its power mix quickly and is thinner on published data for heat illness, reserves and lifeline continuity.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">S.6<\/span><span>What this edition is, and is not<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What this edition is<\/h3><p>A baseline: the state of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in 2026, the dependencies that connect them, the risks that travel through them and the capabilities that hold them. It sets out the questions the operational series will answer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What it is not<\/h3><p>Not a national <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-assessment\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The overall process of identifying, analysing and evaluating risk to inform decisions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/glossary\/risk-assessment\/\" data-tgl=\"Nexus Standards glossary\">risk assessment<\/a>, an official warning or a rating. It decides nothing about any institution or asset. Competent authorities keep every mandate they hold, and national ownership of the series is unaffected.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">What comes next<\/h3><p>Q1 2027 opens the operational series with a sealed Foundry evidence cut. Each later edition reports what changed against this baseline, new observations, source revisions, method changes, scenario updates and corrections.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cs-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cs-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-coupled-system\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 1<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The United Arab Emirates\u2019 risk is heat, water and supply at once<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Part I describes systems and their couplings. It assesses no authority and ranks no emirate.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>8 min read<\/span><span>2 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>16 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.1<\/span><span>The questions this part answers<\/span><\/h2><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Key questions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Where is the United Arab Emirates\u2019 risk concentrated, and in which <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>?<\/li><li>Which couplings carry shocks from one system to the next?<\/li><li>Which capabilities hold under compound stress, and which are only documented?<\/li><li>What must the 2027 programme measure first?<\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">In this part<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Narrative<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Headline finding<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Lead figure<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Five system chapters<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Twelve-domain reading<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Sector screens<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Dependency matrix<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Risk objects<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Capability ladder<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Scenario<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Three lenses<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Portfolio<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.2<\/span><span>The argument<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-prose\"><p>The United Arab Emirates is a hyper-arid federation with very little rain, a fast-growing and largely international population of 11.3 million, and an economy in which non-oil activity is about three quarters of output while fuel was 68% of merchandise exports in 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup>. This baseline reads its exposure as four forces acting together: <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/hydrometeorological-hazard-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/energy-nexus\/\" data-tal=\"Energy Nexus\">extreme heat<\/a>, scarce water, a power system built on gas with a growing nuclear and solar share, and a food supply that is almost wholly imported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The climate layer is hot and violent. The National Centre of Meteorology reported a mean maximum of 40.4 \u00b0C in May 2025 against 39.2 \u00b0C for 2003\u20132024, and a reading of 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>. A study of weather-station data finds that extreme humid heat has more than doubled in frequency since 1979 and that some coastal subtropical sites have already reached a wet-bulb temperature of 35 \u00b0C<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup>. Rain is rare but can be extreme: 254 mm fell in under 24 hours in April 2024, the highest since records began in 1949, and a rapid attribution study found such rain 10 to 40% heavier than in an El Ni\u00f1o year in a climate 1.2 \u00b0C cooler, with caveats about short records<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Water is the binding constraint. Internal renewable freshwater is about 15 m\u00b3 a person<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup>. In Abu Dhabi most groundwater is non-renewable, it supplied 60% of the water consumed, and it was drawn at 24 times the rate of recharge<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup>. The third NDC reports that treated wastewater reuse reached 77% and that the demand programme has saved 513 million m\u00b3<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. A current national figure for the share of supply that is desalinated is not bound; a 2022 ministerial statement gave 42% of drinking water<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>The energy layer links water, heat and emissions. Gas gave 68% of electricity in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, as nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>. Renewable capacity was 7.9 GW at the end of 2025 and the aim is 22 GW by 2031<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup>. Power also runs desalination, so a summer peak is a water question as well as an energy question. Climate Action Tracker read the plan in November 2024 as relying heavily on carbon capture while fossil gas supply expands<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><p>Beneath these sits dependence on imports and on fuel income. The IMF reports that at least 80% of food is imported and describes the country as highly vulnerable to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/energy-nexus\/\" data-tal=\"Energy Nexus\">extreme heat<\/a>, drought, floods and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h11\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.coastal.sea-level-rise\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Coastal and sea-level hazards\" data-td=\"A long-term rise of mean sea level that raises the baseline for floods, erosion and saltwater intrusion.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H11\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">sea-level rise<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>. It projects growth of 4.8% in 2025 and 5.0% in 2026 and treats climate adaptation, water management and food security as long-term policy priorities<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/div><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig1-t\">How is electricity made, and what has changed? Generation by source (% of total)<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Gas generation fell from 134.8 TWh in 2019 to 125.5 TWh in 2025, about 7%, while total generation rose from 138.5 to 184.4 TWh. Nuclear supplied 39.1 TWh and solar 18.2 TWh in 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>. Renewable capacity of 7,907 MW at the end of 2025 is read through a press report of IRENA data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Gas<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">68<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Nuclear<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"31.2\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">21.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"14.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">9.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Other<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"1.3\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">0.9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: as cited in the note to this figure. Year 2025.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Figure ID FIG-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-01-003<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">125.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">TWh<\/span><p>gas generation, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">39.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">TWh<\/span><p>nuclear generation, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">18.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">TWh<\/span><p>solar generation, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7,907<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">MW<\/span><p>renewable capacity, end 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.3<\/span><span>Twenty couplings between five systems<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The United Arab Emirates matrix types the twenty couplings between the five core <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events; they set the starting graph that the Q1 2027 Foundry cut will test.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig2-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-fig2-t\">Couplings between the five systems<\/span><p class=\"nrp-fig-what\">Each line is one coupling from one system to another, drawn by the strength the edition assigns. Strengths are Nexus estimates from the cited evidence and analogue events.<\/p><\/figcaption><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-ring\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Coupling ring: 20 typed couplings between water, energy, food, health and biodiversity. The matrix in the next table carries every value.\" data-nx-z=\"rZZdb5swFIb\/isU1ccB8BCaI1GnZh\/ZRdavUaw8bsEpxZpux\/LLd95dNhlAgo6RpcoNQcsR5eP3g42iLVQ6SAksZG6XYLijJqAEIVnhRx8bX63eb71e3GwOQ2PhqryxomU4ALXCD3BV0Td+BHkChBz3TRiFEBpBK8Hu6qBlReWzYEHnGOlJMFXR9hxUVQHGwKanIdm\/Aw\/7pECScF6zMQK1LomVbHy013DqaR\/xx+\/3624dpQMu0XQ9aQN\/7Jlr5MDgkRHAC8D3n5A2QzZMhyASvStKgASYEy7BivDyN8vkgbT+ErqmvAQgRdKcxp4P8SHGh8mGQRLDy\/ilJ8PgXSFwydVliZMPAtC0HroDrnrb0bxkn7DcVkqmRAPhXxdIWuMaEgbTgtXy9CAMlwQ2yA4j2vP17zInQCqp5G\/BeBUIlLljZxKlZt9XDlpXZOcmOUUMPIhPZFlzNSTvKtodttR1+VQUBSY5Zw5oJSsucV5JeLtiG0PGgN6PudLCdul2y3Q7w+BekOGEFUzuw5fWpu8Hd5urzBGm77M2nNqfs0w8EyxwLgXex4QB3An\/scb25+qxfAUuFCyCZOivift1bcH+\/O7zMXS3BhLnDTaxmKicC17iQr053CIncQKcbetCZHQbH4u3Qu\/nQxppyThZbwRMqpTak4JhcMF3LdCwb+i8UuEM81LeslGDdrqCJgcQpVbuL5Gujhq35zs6wt2OfcrfAJQGVpK\/l7dMDN6HzNHifV\/YobZvwwOQWtObiPuUiuQipxnNNffXOErdnHav7StjxgDgEtkzkoflDzWg+9HCH86HAP3nVzFzCJMWXWX3XhcF+gp3hag89ZaugkpHq1E12HGsPB25CBP32LDsj7DDTIdRA0T5aQZMci4zqcLu58LNKUypOPi70MQ+RW9Ag1CKcYe7hi4z97ci3giuanHuGHOH7oZ5r7Zf3QpEPWQ91TpnMqWBUNsdezopL+tHNtxce0Q9ZJ07qlVRDO57POBsil5xQYx0lTCQFBcmf2GhMMECiV7bxVsQG8o3lOlL0jwJ9xS42XKRv9O8LXCY5F7HxwAgpqLG+u7qNlvqfdbTMjjZtnGub7sX7r+u+RFc4jq6YbLv5tjmlrValbbtfg\/\/btiW6IrB0xWTb99fXJ7TViz7fta040vTjl1Mi1gLOJ9xWHAn47afhm\/4D\"><\/svg><ul class=\"nrp-legend\"><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"STRONG\"><\/span>Strong<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"MODERATE\"><\/span>Moderate<\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-key\" data-w=\"WEAK\"><\/span>Weak<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: this edition&#8217;s coupling matrix (Table 1.1); status Estimated.<\/p><\/figure><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling matrix: from the row system to the column system<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">From, to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">WAT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">ENE<\/th><th scope=\"col\">FOO<\/th><th scope=\"col\">HLT<\/th><th scope=\"col\">BIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><b>WAT<\/b> Water<\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">cooling water<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">groundwater irrigation<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">drinking water \u00b7 sanitation<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">aquifer \u00b7 wadi flows<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>ENE<\/b> Energy<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">desalination \u00b7 pumping<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">cold chain \u00b7 greenhouses<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">cooling \u00b7 facility power<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">coastal sites<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>FOO<\/b> Food<\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">groundwater withdrawals<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">food-processing load<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>STRONG<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">nutrition \u00b7 food safety<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">land use<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>HLT<\/b> Health<\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">workforce<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">labour \u00b7 disease<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">residues<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><b>BIO<\/b> Biodiversity<\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">recharge \u00b7 coastal buffering<\/span><\/td><td>WEAK<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">coastal protection<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">fisheries \u00b7 soils<\/span><\/td><td>MODERATE<br><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">dust \u00b7 coastal protection<\/span><\/td><td><span aria-label=\"same system\">\u00b7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"6\">Strength: strong, moderate or weak; a Nexus estimate (status Estimated) from cited evidence and analogue events. The scale is defined in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Transmission paths<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 ENE \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">A heat peak raises cooling demand, and desalination needs the same power.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> summer peak; not bound for 2025<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Record rain met inadequate drainage and abandoned cars in Dubai.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> April 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 FOO<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Groundwater mainly irrigates crops in Abu Dhabi.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> policy 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Gas and nuclear power supply pumping and desalination.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span> grid mix 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">TRD \u2192 FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Fuel exports bring revenue while the non-oil fiscal balance is in deficit.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> IMF 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 exports 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-n15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">1.4<\/span><span>Reinforcing loops<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A shock entering either system of a loop can return amplified through the other.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 1.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Pairs of systems where both directions are rated strong<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Loop<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First direction<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Second direction<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT and FOO<\/span><\/td><td>Water to food: groundwater irrigation<\/td><td>Food to water: groundwater withdrawals<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"3\">A causal-loop reading of the matrix (Sterman, Business Dynamics, 2000): structural, from estimated strengths, not a measured feedback.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD and TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN for the United Arab Emirates, from national accounts and UN Comtrade. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2023\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>C. Raymond, T. Matthews and R. M. Horton, \u201cThe emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance,\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 19, eaaw1838, 2020. Observation years 1979\u20132017. Abstract read through Europe PMC (doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838), accessed 2026-11-03. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c1-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), UAE: country assessment, assessment dated 15 November 2024. Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, Berlin, 2024. Observation year 2024. The page rates the 2030 target of the 2023 update; a separate 2035 analysis is not read. https:\/\/climateactiontracker.org\/countries\/uae\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c1-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-findings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 2<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Key findings<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Twelve findings carry the baseline. They are grouped by system, never ranked. Each resolves to its source or, where Nexus analysis is involved, to its stated method.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>1 figure<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>19 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.1<\/span><span>Headline finding<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-km-t\">Gas gave 68% of electricity generation in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, while nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%, and total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.<\/p><figure class=\"nrp-fig\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-fig1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-fig1-t\"><figcaption class=\"nrp-figcap\"><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Figure 2.1<\/span><span class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-fig1-t\">Electricity generation by source, 2019 and 2025 (TWh)<\/span><\/figcaption><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl nrp-bars\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\"><span class=\"nrp-sr\">Bar, scaled to the largest value<\/span><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Gas 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">134.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Gas 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"93.1\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">125.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Nuclear 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"0.6\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">0<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Nuclear 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"29.0\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">39.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar 2019<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"2.7\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">3.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Solar 2025<\/th><td class=\"nrp-barc\"><svg class=\"nrp-svg nrp-barsvg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 8\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nrp-track\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"100\" height=\"8\"\/><rect class=\"nrp-bar\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"13.5\" height=\"8\"\/><\/svg><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\">18.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nrp-fig-src\">Source: Ember yearly electricity data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/figure><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Implication<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">Gas generation fell by about 7% while total output grew by a third, so the change came from new nuclear and solar capacity added to rising demand, not from lower demand. Cooling and desalination ride on the same grid, so the mix matters for heat and water as well as for emissions<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">What would move it<\/h3><p class=\"nrp-p\">The 2026 generation data, summer peak demand and nuclear availability, solar commissioning against the 22 GW aim, and any published fuel burned for desalination would each move this finding.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.2<\/span><span>Climate forcing<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-001<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Net greenhouse-gas emissions were 195.2 Mt CO\u2082e in 2022 including land use, 0.8% below 2019; energy gave 164.1 Mt, industrial processes 29.6 Mt and waste 5.6 Mt, and land use removed 6.6 Mt.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-002<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The third climate contribution aims for 103.5 Mt CO\u2082e net in 2035, 47% below a 2019 base of 196.3 Mt, and net zero in 2050; the 2023 update used a 2019 base of 225 Mt, so the base has been revised.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-CLI-008<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Rain of 254 mm fell in under 24 hours on 16 April 2024, the highest since records began in 1949; four deaths were reported in the UAE, and 85% of residents live in flood-prone, low-lying areas.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.3<\/span><span>Energy<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-003<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Gas gave 68% of electricity generation in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, while nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%; total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-ENE-004<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Renewable capacity was 7,907 MW at the end of 2025, against 6.8 GW in 2024 as reported to the UNFCCC; the national aim is 22 GW by 2031.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.4<\/span><span>Water<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-005<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Internal renewable freshwater is 14.9 m\u00b3 per person, and in Abu Dhabi groundwater was 60% of the water consumed and was drawn at 24 times its recharge.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-WAT-006<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Treated wastewater reuse reached 77% against a 95% aim for 2036, and the national demand programme reports 513 million m\u00b3 saved; a current national share of desalinated supply is not bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.5<\/span><span>Food<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FOO-007<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">At least 80% of food consumed is imported; arable land is 0.8% of land area and cereal production was about 20,000 tonnes in 2024.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.6<\/span><span>Health<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-HLT-009<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">A reading of 51.6 \u00b0C was reported at Sweihan on 24 May 2025, and outdoor work stops from 12:30 to 15:00 between 15 June and 15 September; no national heat-illness series is bound.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.7<\/span><span>Biodiversity<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-BIO-010<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Protected areas covered 19.2% of land and 12.0% of marine waters in 2025; Abu Dhabi directed an expansion to 20% of its land in October 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.8<\/span><span>Finance<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FIN-011\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FIN-011\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-FIN-011<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">Real GDP grew 4.0% in 2024 and the IMF projects 4.8% for 2025 and 5.0% for 2026; fuel was 68% of merchandise exports in 2023, and the non-oil primary balance is a deficit of 15.1% of non-hydrocarbon GDP in 2025.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">2.9<\/span><span>Systemic<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li id=\"nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\"><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><a class=\"nrp-find-id\" href=\"#nx-NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012\">NRF-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-SYS-012<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-find-t\">The leading compound pathway for 2027 testing is a humid summer heat peak that loads power, desalination and outdoor-work protection together. \u00a79.3<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), Third Update of Second Nationally Determined Contribution for the UAE. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, 2023. Observation years 2019\u20132030. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/NDC\/2023-07\/Third%20Update%20of%20Second%20NDC%20for%20the%20UAE_v15.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.AGRI.ZS, AG.PRD.CREL.MT and NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAOSTAT and national accounts. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/AG.PRD.CREL.MT, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.LND.PTLD.ZS and ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from Protected Planet (WDPA and WD-OECM, UNEP-WCMC and IUCN). World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>Office of the President of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), UAE President directs expansion of protected natural areas in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. Abu Dhabi, 15 October 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.mohamedbinzayed.ae\/en\/latest-news-listing\/2025\/10\/UAE-President-directs-expansion-of-protected-natural-areas-in-emirate-of-Abu-Dhabi, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c2-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD and TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN for the United Arab Emirates, from national accounts and UN Comtrade. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2023\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c2-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-systems-and-sectors\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 3<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems and sectors at baseline<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>7 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>2 tables<\/span><span>17 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.1<\/span><span>Where each system stood at evidence close<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WAT \u00b7 Water<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Internal renewable freshwater per person<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">14.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">m\u00b3<\/span><p>Reported freshwater withdrawals were 1,510% of internal renewable resources. In Abu Dhabi groundwater was 60% of water consumed.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2022<\/span><span>FAO AQUASTAT via World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 EAD<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">ENE \u00b7 Energy<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Gas share of electricity generation<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">68<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Down from 97% in 2019. Nuclear gave 21% and solar 10%. Total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>Ember<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FOO \u00b7 Food<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Share of domestic food consumption that is imported<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u226580<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Arable land is 0.8% of land area and cereal production was about 20,000 tonnes in 2024.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>IMF<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 FAO via World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HLT \u00b7 Health<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Infractions found in midday-break inspections<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">51<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">infractions<\/span><p>From 134,000 inspections in 2024, against 96 the year before. Fines are AED 5,000 per worker, up to AED 50,000. Heat-illness counts are not bound.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2024<\/span><span>Ministry via press<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">BIO \u00b7 Biodiversity<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Land in protected areas<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">19.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Marine protected areas 12.0%. Mangrove cover is 201 km\u00b2.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025<\/span><span>WDPA via World Bank<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nrp-cell\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SYS \u00b7 Cross-system<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Real non-hydrocarbon GDP growth, projected<\/h3><span class=\"pp-metric\">4.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>Real GDP growth is projected at 4.8% in 2025 and 5.0% in 2026. Public debt is 34.5% of GDP.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-cell-foot\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span>2025 proj.<\/span><span>IMF<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.2<\/span><span>Domain posture<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each of the twelve coupled domains is read in words, not scored. The coupling column names the dependency that carries risk into other <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Each domain read in words, not scored<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Domain<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Posture at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT<\/span><\/td><td>Internal renewable freshwater 14.9 m\u00b3 per person; Abu Dhabi groundwater 60% of water consumed.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">WAT \u2192 HLT \u00b7 WAT \u2194 ENE<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE<\/span><\/td><td>Gas 68% of 2025 generation; 7,907 MW of renewables at end 2025.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">ENE \u2192 WAT, HLT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO<\/span><\/td><td>At least 80% of food imported; arable land 0.8% of land area.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FOO \u2190 TRD, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT<\/span><\/td><td>Life expectancy 83.1 years in 2024; heat-illness series not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HLT \u2190 CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO<\/span><\/td><td>Protected land 19.2% and sea 12.0% in 2025; mangrove 201 km\u00b2.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">BIO \u2194 WAT, FOO<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CLI<\/span><\/td><td>Reading of 51.6 \u00b0C in May 2025; 254 mm of rain in under 24 hours in April 2024.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">forcing on all systems<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF<\/span><\/td><td>Desalination, grid and drainage networks; condition and redundancy not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INF \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN<\/span><\/td><td>Fuel 68% of merchandise exports; public debt 34.5% of GDP in 2025.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIN \u2190 TRD, CLI<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT<\/span><\/td><td>Digital dependencies of lifelines not mapped at public-safe resolution.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DAT \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC<\/span><\/td><td>Data-centre demand for power and water not bound.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">AIC \u2192 ENE, WAT<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN<\/span><\/td><td>Mining and materials supply chains not bound for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MIN \u2190 TRD<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD<\/span><\/td><td>Fuel is the main merchandise export; most food is imported.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">TRD \u2192 all<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span> <span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 4<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">3.3<\/span><span>Sector screens<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">All sixteen sectors are screened on the same grammar, so that later editions can say what changed. The evidence column describes coverage of the baseline evidence, not the performance of the sector.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 3.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Sectors: baseline evidence and the exposure to watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sector<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Exposure to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-00<\/span><\/td><td>Cross-system<\/td><td>compound heat, power and water stress<\/td><td>humid summer peak<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-01<\/span><\/td><td>Water<\/td><td>internal renewable water 14.9 m\u00b3 a person; Abu Dhabi groundwater 60%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>aquifer drawdown; plant outage<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-02<\/span><\/td><td>Energy<\/td><td>gas 68% of generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>peak demand; fuel supply<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-03<\/span><\/td><td>Food<\/td><td>at least 80% imported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>import and price shocks<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-04<\/span><\/td><td>Health<\/td><td>midday outdoor-work break<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat surge; care capacity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-05<\/span><\/td><td>Finance<\/td><td>non-oil primary deficit 15.1% of non-hydrocarbon GDP<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>fuel price and revenue shock<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-06<\/span><\/td><td>Development<\/td><td>population 11.3 million, up 5.6% in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>service demand<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-07<\/span><\/td><td>Climate<\/td><td>reading of 51.6 \u00b0C in May 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.flash-flood\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"A fast, violent rise of water in a small catchment or dry channel within hours of intense rain.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">flash flood<\/a><\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-08<\/span><\/td><td>Disaster<\/td><td>April 2024 rain; 85% of residents in flood-prone areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>urban flooding<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-09<\/span><\/td><td>Infrastructure<\/td><td>AED 30 billion drainage programme in Dubai<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>single points of failure<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-10<\/span><\/td><td>Cities<\/td><td>86% urban; Dubai 4.58 million<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>urban flooding and heat<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-11<\/span><\/td><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>protected land 19.2%, sea 12.0%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>condition outside reserves<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-12<\/span><\/td><td>Earth observation<\/td><td>national observing network<\/td><td>continuity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-13<\/span><\/td><td>Cyber and digital<\/td><td>dependencies not yet mapped<\/td><td>systemic outages<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-14<\/span><\/td><td>Policy<\/td><td>third NDC; federal climate law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>coordination across federal and emirate bodies<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">GS-15<\/span><\/td><td>Science<\/td><td>humid-heat and rain-attribution research<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>translation to emirates<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.AGRI.ZS, AG.PRD.CREL.MT and NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAOSTAT and national accounts. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/AG.PRD.CREL.MT, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.LND.PTLD.ZS and ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from Protected Planet (WDPA and WD-OECM, UNEP-WCMC and IUCN). World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Dubai Protocol Department (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid launches the AED 30 billion Tasreef project to raise Dubai\u2019s rainwater drainage capacity by 700%. Government of Dubai, Dubai, 24 June 2024. Observation years 2024\u20132033. https:\/\/protocol.dubai.ae\/en\/media-listing\/news-events\/mohammed-bin-rashid-approves-aed30-billion-tasreef-project-to-enhance-dubais-rainwater-drainage-capacity-by-700\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment (ed.), Dubai population at the end of 2025 (about 4.58 million, up 7.5%), as reported by The National, Abu Dhabi, 30 July 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/07\/30\/dubai-population-surpassed-45-million-by-end-of-2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on the Reduction of Climate Change Effects, as described in \u201cLandmark UAE climate law aims to curb emissions and boost net zero ambitions,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 2 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/02\/landmark-uae-climate-law-aims-to-curb-emissions-and-boost-net-zero-ambitions, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c3-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>C. Raymond, T. Matthews and R. M. Horton, \u201cThe emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance,\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 19, eaaw1838, 2020. Observation years 1979\u20132017. Abstract read through Europe PMC (doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838), accessed 2026-11-03. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c3-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-risk-and-capability\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 4<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Risks and capability<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Four risk objects open the portfolio. Order carries no rank. Each is read across driver, exposure, vulnerability, capacity, cascade and consequence.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>5 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>14 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.1<\/span><span>Risk objects<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Each risk is read across the chain from hazard to consequence, with its status and evidence-quality level.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-find\"><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-ARE-CLI-001<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Extreme heat and humidity<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>a reading of 51.6 \u00b0C in May 2025; humid heat rising<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>outdoor workers; older residents<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>a large outdoor workforce, per the third NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>midday work break and fines<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 HLT, ENE \u2192 WAT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>seasonal<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-ARE-WAT-002<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Groundwater depletion and desalination dependence<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>groundwater drawn at 24 times recharge in Abu Dhabi<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>farms; cities supplied by desalinated water<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>little renewable water: 14.9 m\u00b3 a person<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>Water Security Strategy 2036; reuse at 77%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>WAT \u2192 FOO, HLT, ENE<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>5\u201330 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-ARE-CLI-003<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Flash flood and urban drainage<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>intense rain on low-permeability, hyper-arid ground<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>85% of residents in flood-prone, low-lying areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>drainage built for rare rain<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>Tasreef drainage programme; cell-broadcast alerts<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n33\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 INF \u2192 HLT<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>annual<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><li><p class=\"nrp-find-m\"><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><span class=\"nrp-eql\" title=\"Evidence-quality level, 1 to 5\">EQL 2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-find-id\">RSK-ARE-ENE-004<\/span><\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h4\">Fuel and power supply under peak demand<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Driver<\/dt><dd>summer peak; fuel or grid disruption<\/dd><dt>Exposure<\/dt><dd>power, desalination, cooling<\/dd><dt>Vulnerability<\/dt><dd>gas 68% of generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Capacity<\/dt><dd>5.6 GW of nuclear and 7.9 GW of renewables in service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Cascade<\/dt><dd>ENE \u2192 WAT, HLT, FOO<\/dd><dt>Horizon<\/dt><dd>1\u20135 years<\/dd><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">4.2<\/span><span>Capability ladder<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Existence is not readiness. Each of the fifteen capability functions is placed on the ladder by the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 4.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Capabilities on the ladder of evidence: listed, exists, demonstrated, tested<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Function<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rung<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Level<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Strongest public evidence at baseline<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prevention and mitigation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>the federal climate law requires emissions reporting and decarbonisation plans; enforcement is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monitoring and observation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>the National Centre of Meteorology issued the April 2024 and May 2025 figures<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Timely, actionable information about an impending hazard that lets people and institutions act to reduce harm before it occurs.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early warning<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>a cell-broadcast alert system runs in Arabic and English; reach beyond compatible phones is not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n33\" aria-label=\"Note 33\">33<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Preparedness and planning<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>the midday break is announced each year; 2025 was the 21st consecutive year<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redundancy and reserves<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: strategic food and water reserve data \u00b7 blocker: not published in bound form<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Response<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: civil-defence and health-emergency records \u00b7 blocker: no post-event review retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Continuity of critical services<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: utility restoration records \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Recovery<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: reconstruction records after the April 2024 rain \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>the third NDC lists adaptation measures, and Dubai\u2019s drainage programme runs to 2033; delivery not bound<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 social-protection\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Public policies and programmes that help people manage risk and reduce poverty and vulnerability across their lives.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Social protection<\/a><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: labour-insurance and health-cover registers \u00b7 blocker: not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance and insurance<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: Central Bank insurance statistics \u00b7 blocker: not retrieved<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional coordination<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>progress on the net zero initiative is tracked quarterly under the Prime Minister\u2019s Office and the Cabinet<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technical infrastructure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>EXISTS<\/td><td>5.6 GW of nuclear and 7.9 GW of renewables in service<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Workforce<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-on=\"true\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>LISTED<\/td><td>inspectors made 134,000 midday-break visits in 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Research capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-ladder\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td>source: national research output records \u00b7 blocker: not reviewed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"4\">A capability listed in policy is not a tested one; each rung is the strongest public evidence at baseline.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>C. Raymond, T. Matthews and R. M. Horton, \u201cThe emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance,\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 19, eaaw1838, 2020. Observation years 1979\u20132017. Abstract read through Europe PMC (doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838), accessed 2026-11-03. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Dubai Protocol Department (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid launches the AED 30 billion Tasreef project to raise Dubai\u2019s rainwater drainage capacity by 700%. Government of Dubai, Dubai, 24 June 2024. Observation years 2024\u20132033. https:\/\/protocol.dubai.ae\/en\/media-listing\/news-events\/mohammed-bin-rashid-approves-aed30-billion-tasreef-project-to-enhance-dubais-rainwater-drainage-capacity-by-700\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning-system\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An integrated system of risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and preparedness that enables timely action ahead of hazards.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early Warning System<\/a> (cell broadcast, Arabic and English), as described in \u201cRain in UAE: did you receive a public safety alert,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, 2023. Observation year 2023. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/amp\/living-in-uae\/safety-security\/rain-in-uae-did-you-receive-a-public-safety-alert-here-is-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-national-early-warning-system-1.1700224017503, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r33\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 33\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on the Reduction of Climate Change Effects, as described in \u201cLandmark UAE climate law aims to curb emissions and boost net zero ambitions,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 2 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/02\/landmark-uae-climate-law-aims-to-curb-emissions-and-boost-net-zero-ambitions, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c4-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c4-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-scenario\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 5<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Humid summer heat peak with grid and desalination stress<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">A conditional statement under stated assumptions, never a prediction.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>2 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>0 tables<\/span><span>4 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.1<\/span><span>Assumptions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01: what is assumed, and what is held constant.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Baseline<\/dt><dd>the 2026 reference state in this edition<\/dd><dt>Drivers<\/dt><dd>a hot, humid summer fortnight with record cooling demand, after a spring heat reading like that of May 2025<\/dd><dt>Analogues<\/dt><dd>May 2025 heat<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup>; April 2024 rain<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup> (a different hazard, used for response only)<\/dd><dt>Interventions<\/dt><dd>none modelled: the specification describes the unmitigated case<\/dd><dt>Run state<\/dt><dd>narrative specification; quantified Foundry run scheduled for Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.2<\/span><span>The cascade, step by step<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">1<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 ENE<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">cooling load raises peak power demand<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">summer peak<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">2<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">ENE \u2192 WAT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">desalination needs power at the same peak<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">system link<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">3<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">CLI \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">heat load rises on outdoor workers around the midday break<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">break rules<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">4<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">WAT \u2192 HLT<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">water for drinking and cooling is stretched<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">system link<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">5<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">HLT \u2192 INF<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">care and transport capacity are stretched<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">system link<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">6<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">FIN<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">costs fall on utilities and the public budget<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">IMF 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">5.3<\/span><span>The scenario as a table of steps<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">How the shock in scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01 would travel through United Arab Emirates&#8217;s coupled <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a>, step by step, under the assumptions the edition states.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Climate to energy<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Cooling load raises peak power demand. Analogue or source: summer peak.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition ARE, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01, step 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 Energy to water<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Desalination needs power at the same peak. Analogue or source: system link.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition ARE, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01, step 2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 Climate to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Heat load rises on outdoor workers around the midday break. Analogue or source: break rules [26].<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition ARE, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01, step 3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 Water to health<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Water for drinking and cooling is stretched. Analogue or source: system link.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition ARE, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01, step 4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 Health to infrastructure<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Care and transport capacity are stretched. Analogue or source: system link.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\">Edition ARE, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01, step 5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of a conditional scenario under the edition&#8217;s stated assumptions: not a forecast, not a prediction and not a warning. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/scenario\/\" rel=\"noopener\">United Arab Emirates 2026, scenario SCN-ARE-HTW-01<\/a> (2026); United Arab Emirates 2026, references (NR-CIT-1) (2026).<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c5-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c5-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-lenses-and-readings\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 6<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Readings from the other desks<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The baseline is read through each steward\u2019s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks&#8217; own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>8 tables<\/span><span>34 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.1<\/span><span>The other desks&#8217; editions of this subject<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Desk<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-host=\"true\"><th scope=\"row\">GCRI Systems Evidence<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRF Public Deliberation<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">GRA Capital Readiness<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Standards Progress<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy Capability<\/th><td>Outside this desk&#8217;s remit<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in remit<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Index Measurement<\/th><td>No edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycle<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Not in this cycle<\/span><\/td><td class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.2<\/span><span>Three lenses<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\" data-n=\"3\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\" data-host=\"true\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GCRI \u00b7 KEY T<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Technical Truth<\/h3><p>The evidence supports a coupled reading of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 risk: heat, scarce water and a gas-heavy but changing power system act together. Evidence is strongest for emissions, generation and fiscal series, and weakest for heat illness, infrastructure condition and capability.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">CLI-001 \u00b7 WAT-005 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRF \u00b7 KEY M<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Public Meaning<\/h3><p>For most residents risk arrives as a summer of extreme heat, a sudden flood or a water-supply question. The baseline asks that public debate weigh how a fast-growing, largely urban and international population is exposed, and how outdoor workers are protected.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">HLT-009 \u00b7 CLI-008<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">GRA \u00b7 KEY F<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Capital Meaning<\/h3><p>Readiness implications only. Fuel income carries public finance, and insurance and reserve data are not bound. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an endorsement.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">FIN-011 \u00b7 SYS-012<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEXUS<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">Synthesis<\/h3><p>The United Arab Emirates is changing its power mix quickly and is thinner on published data for heat illness, reserves and lifeline continuity. The 2027 programme should map heat\u2013power\u2013water dependencies, test the summer peak, and bind the missing series.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">SYS-012 \u00b7 A-01 \u00b7 A-02<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.3<\/span><span>Standards, Academy and steward contributions<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">How the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for the United Arab Emirates. The standards are preparatory working drafts (October 2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The quarterly rhythm every edition follows<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Quarter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Boundary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Q1<\/td><td>State and Agenda<\/td><td>What matters this year, and what is the starting position?<\/td><td>observed baseline stays distinct from planned work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q2<\/td><td>Evidence and Build<\/td><td>What new evidence and capability have been developed?<\/td><td>a configured capability is not a validated result<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q3<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 stress-test\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An assessment of how a system, portfolio or institution would perform under severe but plausible adverse scenarios, to find weaknesses before they are revealed by events.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Stress Test<\/a> and Readiness<\/td><td>What do scenarios and tests reveal?<\/td><td>simulated loss or performance is not observed impact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Q4<\/td><td>Annual Synthesis and Renewal<\/td><td>What did the year establish, and what changes next?<\/td><td>release follows review, not event publicity deadlines<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Who contributes what each quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Steward or body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contribution route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GCRI Canada<\/td><td>Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)<\/td><td>science and practice communities \u00b7 GCRI gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/td><td>leadership, dialogue and the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> programme; public meaning (key M)<\/td><td>policy, Universe and national adoption \u00b7 GRF gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/td><td>finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)<\/td><td>finance and insurance \u00b7 GRA gateway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nexus Standards<\/td><td>preparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methods<\/td><td>Standards site \u00b7 working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risk Academy<\/td><td>learning pathways tied to the agenda questions<\/td><td>Academy gateway \u00b7 learning by review<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>national pathway: Desk, Leadership Council, Consortium, Working Groups<\/td><td>national Commons room<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards drafts used in this edition<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary<\/li><li>Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects<\/li><li>Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Standards calendar to watch<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026<\/li><li>Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027<\/li><li>Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Nothing here certifies. A Nexus attestation records an evaluation under a mandate; it confers no certification, endorsement or approval. National adoption of any standard is a decision for the competent federal and emirate-level bodies.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.4<\/span><span>GCRI reading: the model card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-p\">GCRI&#8217;s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/methodology\/\">Annex A, methodology<\/a><\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.5<\/span><span>Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Four signed essays by the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Nuclear and solar changed the grid in six years. Gas fell from 97% to 68% of generation while total output rose by a third. Desalination and cooling ride on the same grid, so the baseline treats the mix as a coupling problem.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 01<\/h3><p>Gas still makes two thirds of power, and the mix is moving<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Natural renewable water is about 15 m\u00b3 a person, and cities rely on desalination, which needs power. In Abu Dhabi groundwater supplied 60% of the water consumed and was drawn at 24 times its recharge. The missing evidence is how much supply each source carries today.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 02<\/h3><p>Water is imported as energy<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The 2035 aim is set against 196.3 Mt, a 2019 base that was 225 Mt in the 2023 update. The 2022 inventory shows 195.2 Mt, so the gap to the 2035 aim is about 92 Mt. A baseline edition names the base and what is missing, so that later editions can test progress.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 03<\/h3><p>A target with a moving base<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Outdoor work stops at midday each summer, and in April 2024 a day of rain exceeded anything recorded since 1949. Both hazards load the same grid, roads and health services, and published series on heat illness are the missing evidence.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EDITORIAL ESSAY \u00b7 04<\/h3><p>Heat is a design condition, and extreme rain now is too<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Essays are signed views of the editorial team. Contributed articles from working groups, consortium institutions and invited experts begin with the Q1 2027 edition, each with its own review route and disclosures.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.6<\/span><span>Global Risks Alliance reading: q1 2027 readiness pack<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The registers that open the first operational quarter. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Q1 2027 readiness pack<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Register<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State at baseline<\/th><th scope=\"col\">First Q1 2027 entry<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>E1<\/td><td>National risk state delta<\/td><td>baseline set by this edition<\/td><td>changes against the baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E2<\/td><td>WEFH+B state delta<\/td><td>five system readings set<\/td><td>indicator updates and freshness<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E3<\/td><td>Agenda and Portfolio movement<\/td><td>eight agenda items \u00b7 7 proposed objects<\/td><td>admission decisions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E4<\/td><td>NWG delivery register<\/td><td>no groups yet<\/td><td>first monthly outputs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E5<\/td><td>NNC capability register<\/td><td>membership opens in Q1 2027<\/td><td>first contributions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E6<\/td><td>NLC questions and challenges<\/td><td>none yet<\/td><td>first challenge log<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E7<\/td><td>Foundry technical state<\/td><td>environment prepared<\/td><td>first sealed cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E8<\/td><td>Publication candidates<\/td><td>twelve findings carried forward<\/td><td>PUBLISH \u00b7 HOLD dispositions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E9<\/td><td>Universe readiness<\/td><td>one candidate mission<\/td><td>admission and role spine<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E10<\/td><td>Correction register<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>first correction cycle<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication dispositions<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Publish<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Hold<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Needs evidence<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Restricted<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">Superseded<\/li><\/ul><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Programme progress is not real-world risk improvement. These registers record the work of the Nexus programme; they report on no public authority.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.7<\/span><span>Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Instruments that shape the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one\u2019s compliance.<\/p><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">IN FORCE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ADOPTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">SUBMITTED<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">UNDER REVIEW<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">PUBLISHED \u00b7 VOLUNTARY<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Standards and regulatory watch<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Instrument<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Body<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scope<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Relevance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a> \u00b7 third NDC, 47% below 2019 by 2035, net zero 2050<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n43\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Note 43\">43<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNFCCC \u00b7 United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>SUBMITTED 2024<\/td><td>emissions pathway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third update of the second NDC, 19% below 2019 by 2030<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNFCCC \u00b7 United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>SUBMITTED 2023<\/td><td>emissions pathway<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">climate change<\/a> effects<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n29\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Federal Government<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE 2025<\/td><td>emissions reporting<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>National Food Security Strategy 2051<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Federal Government<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>PUBLISHED<\/td><td>food supply<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UAE Water Security Strategy 2036<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Federal Government<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>PUBLISHED 2017<\/td><td>water demand and reuse<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>IN FORCE 2025<\/td><td>heat protection<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kunming-Montreal Framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n32\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CBD<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2022<\/td><td>30by30<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n42\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Note 42\">42<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UNDRR<\/td><td>international<\/td><td>ADOPTED 2015<\/td><td>disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">risk reduction<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Changed since 2024<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The United Arab Emirates submitted its third NDC in November 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The federal climate law came into force at the end of May 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The first Biennial Transparency Report was submitted on 6 November 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">To watch in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The second Biennial Transparency Report, planned for 2026<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>The revised national energy strategy, now under revision<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Enforcement of the reporting duties in the climate law<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n29\" aria-label=\"Note 29\">29<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Status is read from the issuing body on the retrieval date. A change in status opens a review task for every finding that relies on the instrument.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">6.8<\/span><span>Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The review behind this edition covers peer-reviewed science, national and international assessments and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Full systematic reviews begin in Q1 2027 for each agenda item.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Review protocol<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Question<\/dt><dd>What does the published evidence establish about the United Arab Emirates\u2019 coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity risks?<\/dd><dt>Sources searched<\/dt><dd>peer-reviewed literature; national and international assessments; official releases; industry loss data<\/dd><dt>Window<\/dt><dd>releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Selection<\/dt><dd>sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition<\/dd><dt>Next step<\/dt><dd>systematic reviews for agenda items A-01 to A-05 in Q1 2027<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Science and assessments<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>IPCC Synthesis Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n41\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Note 41\">41<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>forcing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>McElwee et al. (eds.)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n44\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Note 44\">44<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>nexus interlinkages<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zscheischler et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n40\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Note 40\">40<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>compound events<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pal and Eltahir<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n38\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2016<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>heat limits<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lelieveld et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n39\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2016<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>heat extremes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Raymond et al.<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n31\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>journal article<\/td><td>2020<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>humid heat<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Foundational Edition<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n45\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Note 45\">45<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>edition<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>method and positions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global baseline<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n46\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Note 46\">46<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>edition<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>framework<\/td><td>global context<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Institutional reports<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>World Weather Attribution<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>rapid study<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>flood attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Climate Action Tracker<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>independent assessment<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>climate policy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Copernicus climate highlights via press<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n37\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Note 37\">37<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>context<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 global-warming\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The rise in global average surface temperature relative to a pre-industrial baseline, the headline indicator of human-driven climate change.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">global warming<\/a> level<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Global Biodiversity Framework<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n32\" aria-label=\"Note 32\">32<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>agreement<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>30by30<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IMF Article IV<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>assessment<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>economy and adaptation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Official statistics and national sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population estimates<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup> and<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>FCSC via GLMM \u00b7 World Bank from UN<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water and sanitation indicators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n11\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Note 11\">11<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank from FAO and WHO\/UNICEF<\/td><td>2022\u20132024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>water<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health indicators<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>World Bank from UN, WHO and GBD<\/td><td>2021\u20132024<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>health<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biennial Transparency Report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup> and review record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>MOCCAE \u00b7 UNFCCC<\/td><td>2022\u20132025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>emissions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dubai population<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment via press<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>context<\/td><td>cities<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 6.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Industry, loss data and international sources<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Reference<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Issuer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Used for<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Third NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup> and update<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Government of the United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>2023\u20132024<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>climate aim<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ember yearly data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Ember<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>power mix<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capacity statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>IRENA via press<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>renewables<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Groundwater policy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>Environment Agency Abu Dhabi<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>supports<\/td><td>groundwater<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where the evidence agrees<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>The region is warming and humid heat extremes are rising<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n31\" aria-label=\"Note 31\">31<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n38\" aria-label=\"Note 38\">38<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n39\" aria-label=\"Note 39\">39<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Natural freshwater is very scarce and groundwater in Abu Dhabi is drawn faster than it recharges<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Gas still supplies most electricity, with nuclear and solar growing<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Where it is unsettled<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>How much potable water is desalinated today, given a 2022 ministerial figure of 42% and no current federal figure<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Which 2019 base applies: 225 Mt in the 2023 update, 196.3 Mt in the third NDC and 196.8 Mt in the inventory table<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Why an independent estimate of 264 Mt for 2024 excluding land use sits above the national inventory of 201.8 Mt for 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NEWS AND PREPRINTS<\/p><p>Several official figures are read through press reports of national statements and are marked as such in the source register. The World Weather Attribution study is a rapid analysis and is not peer-reviewed. Preprints used from Q1 2027 will be flagged as not peer-reviewed.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNFCCC (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a>. United Nations, Paris, 2015. Details from memory. Used as a standards reference only.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r43\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 43\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), Third Update of Second Nationally Determined Contribution for the UAE. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, 2023. Observation years 2019\u20132030. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/NDC\/2023-07\/Third%20Update%20of%20Second%20NDC%20for%20the%20UAE_v15.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on the Reduction of Climate Change Effects, as described in \u201cLandmark UAE climate law aims to curb emissions and boost net zero ambitions,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 2 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/02\/landmark-uae-climate-law-aims-to-curb-emissions-and-boost-net-zero-ambitions, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r29\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 29\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), National Food Security Strategy 2051. u.ae, Abu Dhabi, page updated 30 December 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/u.ae\/about-the-uae\/strategies-initiatives-and-awards\/strategies-plans-and-visions\/environment-and-energy\/national-food-security-strategy-2051, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Landing page read; target text not read. https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/gbf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r32\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 32\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Details from memory; the issuer page returned an access error. Used as a standards reference only.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r42\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 42\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. doi:10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r41\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 41\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. doi:10.5281\/zenodo.13850054. Details from memory. Used as framework only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.13850054\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5281\/zenodo.13850054<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r44\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 44\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. doi:10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3. Used as framework only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r40\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 40\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. S. Pal and E. A. B. Eltahir, \u201cFuture temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 6, pp. 197\u2013200, 2016. Observation year projection. doi:10.1038\/nclimate2833. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nclimate2833\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1038\/nclimate2833<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r38\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 38\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. Lelieveld, Y. Proestos, P. Hadjinicolaou et al., \u201cStrongly increasing heat extremes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the 21st century,\u201d Climatic Change, vol. 137, pp. 245\u2013260, 2016. Observation year projection. doi:10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r39\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 39\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>C. Raymond, T. Matthews and R. M. Horton, \u201cThe emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance,\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 19, eaaw1838, 2020. Observation years 1979\u20132017. Abstract read through Europe PMC (doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838), accessed 2026-11-03. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838<\/a><a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r31\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 31\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Internal edition, not located or re-read in this task.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r45\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 45\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Internal edition, not re-read in this task.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r46\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 46\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), UAE: country assessment, assessment dated 15 November 2024. Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, Berlin, 2024. Observation year 2024. The page rates the 2030 target of the 2023 update; a separate 2035 analysis is not read. https:\/\/climateactiontracker.org\/countries\/uae\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>Copernicus Climate Change Service (ed.), Global Climate Highlights 2025 (2025 about 1.47 \u00b0C above pre-industrial), as reported in \u201cGulf will become more humid and hot as global temperatures rise, researchers say,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 14 January 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/01\/13\/gulf-will-become-more-humid-and-hot-as-global-temperatures-rise-researchers-say, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r37\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 37\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SH.H2O.BASW.ZS and SH.STA.BASS.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from the WHO\/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SH.H2O.BASW.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r11\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 11\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SH.MED.PHYS.ZS, SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS and EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects, WHO and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2021\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment (ed.), Dubai population at the end of 2025 (about 4.58 million, up 7.5%), as reported by The National, Abu Dhabi, 30 July 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/07\/30\/dubai-population-surpassed-45-million-by-end-of-2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c6-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 and EN.GHG.ALL.PC.CE.AR5 for the United Arab Emirates (264 Mt CO\u2082e excluding land use in 2024), from the EDGAR database of the European Commission Joint Research Centre. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. This series is read as an independent estimate: it differs from the national inventory in [3]. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c6-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-agenda\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 7<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">The 2027 agenda<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Eight bounded questions open the 2027 National Agenda. Each comes from a baseline finding, names the initiative that will carry it and the first output due at the Q1 2027 cut.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>6 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>6 tables<\/span><span>4 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.1<\/span><span>Questions for the operational series<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How would a humid summer heat peak load power, desalination and outdoor-work protection together, and how much margin exists in each?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-CLI-01 \u00b7 heat\u2013power\u2013water continuity; first output: dependency graph for two emirates.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How much of the water supply is non-renewable groundwater and how much is desalinated, emirate by emirate, and how fast is groundwater drawn down?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-WAT-02 \u00b7 groundwater and desalination; first output: supply-source register by emirate.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How much fuel is burned for power and desalination as nuclear and solar grow, and what does the 2026 generation mix show?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-ENE-03 \u00b7 power mix and gas transition; first output: generation and fuel table for 2026.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How concentrated are food imports, by commodity and origin, and how many days of reserves exist?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-FOO-04 \u00b7 import exposure; first output: commodity dependence table.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How is heat illness counted among residents and outdoor workers?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-HLT-05 \u00b7 heat and outdoor work; first output: definitions and counting-rule note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">How do flash floods and urban drainage interact across the emirates?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">INI-ARE-CLI-02 \u00b7 workstream; first output: event register 2018\u20132026.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">What would a quantified pathway from the 2022 inventory to the 2035 aim need from power, industry and buildings?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">To be admitted in Q1 2027; first output: scoping note.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">A-08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Which capabilities have been tested in real events, and which are only planned?<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">National capability register; first output: rung evidence for 15 functions.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.2<\/span><span>Portfolio proposed for the Q1 2027 alignment<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Five initiatives and one Universe mission candidate are proposed for admission at the Q1 2027 alignment. They are programme objects, no partner, funder or member is attached to them in this edition.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Objects proposed for the first operational quarter<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Object<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-ARE-CLI-01<\/span><\/td><td>Heat\u2013power\u2013water continuity<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-ARE-WAT-02<\/span><\/td><td>Groundwater and desalination<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-02<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-ARE-ENE-03<\/span><\/td><td>Power mix and gas transition<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-03<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-ARE-FOO-04<\/span><\/td><td>Food import exposure<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-04<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">INI-ARE-HLT-05<\/span><\/td><td>Heat and outdoor work<\/td><td>Initiative<\/td><td>A-05<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PRJ-ARE-CLI-01a<\/span><\/td><td>Two-emirate heat, power and water dependency graph<\/td><td>Project<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td>PROPOSED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">MSN-ARE-2027-01<\/span><\/td><td>Humid summer heat peak Universe mission<\/td><td>Mission<\/td><td>A-01<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.3<\/span><span>The pathway<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">United Arab Emirates is the national pathway through which the Nexus operating system will run in the United Arab Emirates from 2027. At baseline the pathway is designed and its records are prepared; its councils and working groups are constituted from Q1 2027. This page states what exists today and what comes next, nothing more.<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">One National Agenda<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">bounded national questions for the year<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">DRAFT 2027 \u00b7 agenda review at the Q1 alignment<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Desk<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">coordination, records, routing and continuity<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">DESIGNED \u00b7 constituted in Q1 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Model<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">the country as a system of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a><\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">v0 SPECIFIED \u00b7 v1 with the first Foundry cut<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">National Portfolio<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">risks, capabilities, initiatives, projects, missions<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">7 PROPOSED \u00b7 admission at the Q1 alignment<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Foundry<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">continuous computational environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">PREPARED \u00b7 first sealed cut NQ-ARE-2027-Q1<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Reports<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">quarterly and annual publication<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">BASELINE ISSUED \u00b7 Q1 2027 \u00b7 State &amp; Agenda<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">07<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Universe<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">annual proving environment<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">CANDIDATE MISSION \u00b7 mandate set in 2027<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">08<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-t\">Evidence and correction<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">after-action, correction and renewal<\/p><p class=\"nrp-rows-m\">OPEN \u00b7 first correction cycle in Q2 2027<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.4<\/span><span>Universe 2027, evidence pack for the candidate mission<\/span><\/h2><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Mandate<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Core Build \u00b7 1 month<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Action \u00b7 1 week<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Evidence seal<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Portfolio correction<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">06<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">Next mandate<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Universe 2027, evidence pack for the candidate mission<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Record<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Timing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F1<\/td><td>Annual mandate record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>after the Q2 2027 alignment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F2<\/td><td>Core Build record<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>one month before the exercise<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F3<\/td><td>Exercise evidence<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>during the Action week<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F4<\/td><td>Decision packets<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>exercise state only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F5<\/td><td>Proof receipts<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>scoped to each recorded check<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F6<\/td><td>After-action report<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>within one quarter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F7<\/td><td>Upgrade docket<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>routed to the Portfolio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F8<\/td><td>Portfolio renewal<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>Q4 2027 annual edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F9<\/td><td>Public synthesis<\/td><td>PLANNED<\/td><td>public-safe extracts only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Mission<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>ID<\/dt><dd>MSN-ARE-2027-01 \u00b7 Humid summer heat peak Universe mission<\/dd><dt>Role spine<\/dt><dd>Leadership sponsor (NLC) \u00b7 Institutional anchor (NNC) \u00b7 Mission lead (NWG)<\/dd><dt>Receiving actors<\/dt><dd>to be identified with the mandate<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Simulation success is not deployment approval; demonstration is not certification; finance readiness is not financing secured.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.5<\/span><span>Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Where the baseline\u2019s findings go next. A handoff routes a finding for awareness, review or work; it transfers no authority.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Handoffs and routing<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Finding<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Routed to<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Purpose<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>CLI-001 \u00b7 emissions<\/td><td>public record<\/td><td>reference for the 2027 series<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CLI-002 \u00b7 climate aim<\/td><td>INI-ARE-ENE-03<\/td><td>power mix and gas transition<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENE-003 \u00b7 generation<\/td><td>INI-ARE-ENE-03<\/td><td>power mix and gas transition<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WAT-005 \u00b7 groundwater<\/td><td>INI-ARE-WAT-02<\/td><td>supply-source register<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FOO-007 \u00b7 food imports<\/td><td>INI-ARE-FOO-04<\/td><td>import exposure<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>HLT-009 \u00b7 heat and outdoor work<\/td><td>INI-ARE-HLT-05<\/td><td>heat and outdoor work<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FIN-011 \u00b7 fuel revenue<\/td><td>INI-ARE-CLI-01 \u00b7 key F review<\/td><td>fiscal exposure<\/td><td>PUBLIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYS-012 \u00b7 compound pathway<\/td><td>MSN-ARE-2027-01<\/td><td>Universe candidate<\/td><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Routing rules by publication class<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Class<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Where it goes<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Who can see it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PUBLIC<\/td><td>the published edition and its evidence bundle<\/td><td>anyone<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONSORTIUM<\/td><td>governed rooms of the national pathway<\/td><td>consortium members under agreement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONTROLLED<\/td><td>need-to-know channels<\/td><td>named competent actors only<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Handoffs carry findings to Nexus programme objects and steward reviews. Competent authorities receive public editions as published; nothing here instructs them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">7.6<\/span><span>Feeds and signal register<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Feeds watched from Q1 2027<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Feed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Producer<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Latency<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Feeds into<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Weather alerts and rainfall<\/td><td>National Centre of Meteorology<\/td><td>real time<\/td><td>RSK-ARE-CLI-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Public emergency alerts<\/td><td>National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority<\/td><td>event driven<\/td><td>RSK-ARE-CLI-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Midday-break inspections<\/td><td>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation<\/td><td>seasonal<\/td><td>HLT-009<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Generation and capacity data<\/td><td>Ember \u00b7 IRENA<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE-003<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population estimates<\/td><td>FCSC \u00b7 Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fiscal and growth outlook<\/td><td>IMF<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>FIN-011<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transparency reports<\/td><td>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment<\/td><td>biennial<\/td><td>CLI-001<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Escalation routes<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">none \u00b7 keep monitoring<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">research question<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">project<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">risk object<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">quarterly publication<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">signal report<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 7.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Signals at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">ID<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Signal<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corroboration<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Route<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SIG-ARE-001<\/td><td>Gas share of generation fell from 97% to 68% between 2019 and 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><td>initiative A-03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-ARE-002<\/td><td>Rain of 254 mm in under 24 hours in April 2024 was followed by an AED 30 billion drainage programme<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 INF<\/td><td>initiative A-06<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SIG-ARE-003<\/td><td>A reading of 51.6 \u00b0C was reported in May 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>CORROBORATED<\/td><td>CLI \u00b7 HLT<\/td><td>initiative A-05<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>A signal is not a warning. Signal records never substitute for official alerting or early-warning authorities, and they bypass no publication control.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Dubai Protocol Department (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid launches the AED 30 billion Tasreef project to raise Dubai\u2019s rainwater drainage capacity by 700%. Government of Dubai, Dubai, 24 June 2024. Observation years 2024\u20132033. https:\/\/protocol.dubai.ae\/en\/media-listing\/news-events\/mohammed-bin-rashid-approves-aed30-billion-tasreef-project-to-enhance-dubais-rainwater-drainage-capacity-by-700\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c7-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c7-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-systems-in-depth\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Chapter 8<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Systems in depth<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">One section per system: its state at evidence close, its exposures and what the operational series will watch.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>9 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>5 tables<\/span><span>19 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.1<\/span><span>Water, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The United Arab Emirates has almost no renewable freshwater. Supply rests on groundwater, desalinated seawater and reuse, and agriculture and households use most of what is withdrawn.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">14.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">m\u00b3<\/span><p>internal renewable freshwater per person, 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">60<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>groundwater share of water consumed in Abu Dhabi<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">77<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>treated wastewater reused, per the third NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Natural supply<\/td><td>internal renewable freshwater of 0.15 billion m\u00b3 in 2022<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Groundwater<\/td><td>Abu Dhabi groundwater 60% of water consumed, drawn at 24 times recharge; aim of 16 times by 2030<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Demand and reuse<\/td><td>reuse 77%, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h85\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.water-systems.chronic-network-leakage\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Water and wastewater system failure\" data-td=\"Persistent loss of treated water from ageing pipes that wastes supply and energy, lowers pressure and lets contaminants in.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H85\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/infra\/\" data-txl=\"Built systems\">non-revenue water<\/a> 11%, 513 million m\u00b3 saved by the demand programme<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Desalination<\/td><td>a 2022 ministerial statement gave 42% of drinking water; a current national share is not bound<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 WAT power for desalination<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 FOO groundwater irrigation<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 HLT drinking water<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 WAT heat, rare rain and recharge<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>desalination capacity in use and share of supply<\/li><li>national groundwater storage series<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>The next transparency report, federal desalination statistics and any published aquifer balance beyond Abu Dhabi.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Water services rest with federal and emirate authorities and utilities; this chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.2<\/span><span>Energy, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Gas still gave two thirds of electricity in 2025, yet nuclear and solar changed the mix within six years and the aim for renewables keeps rising.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">68<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>gas share of electricity, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7,907<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">MW<\/span><p>renewables, end 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">470<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">g CO\u2082e\/kWh<\/span><p>grid emissions intensity, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Power mix<\/td><td>gas 68.0%, nuclear 21.2%, solar 9.9% in 2025; total 184.4 TWh<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capacity<\/td><td>7,907 MW of renewables at end 2025; 6.8 GW in 2024; aim of 22 GW by 2031<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dubai solar<\/td><td>solar park at 3,860 MW after 800 MW added in 2025, 21.5% of DEWA capacity<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n34\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Note 34\">34<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fuel burned<\/td><td>fuel burned for power and desalination not bound<\/td><td>federal energy statistics<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>ENE \u2192 WAT desalination power<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 ENE peak demand<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 HLT cooling<\/li><li>FIN \u2192 ENE investment in the transition<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>fuel burned for power and desalination<\/li><li>peak demand and reserve margin<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Summer peak demand, nuclear availability, solar commissioning against the 22 GW aim, and the revised energy strategy.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Energy decisions rest with the government, regulators and operators; this chapter assesses none of them.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.3<\/span><span>Food and agrifood, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Almost all food is imported and arable land is under 1% of the territory, so food security is a trade, storage and diversification question as much as a water question.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">\u226580<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of food consumed is imported, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">0.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of land is arable, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20,216<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">tonnes<\/span><p>cereal production, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Imports<\/td><td>at least 80% of domestic food consumption is imported<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Domestic output<\/td><td>arable land 0.79% of land area; agriculture 0.77% of GDP in 2024<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Strategy<\/td><td>National Food Security Strategy 2051: a basket of 18 main items, 38 initiatives, 3 to 5 alternative supply sources per main item<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n22\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Note 22\">22<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Import share<\/td><td>share imported by commodity, concentration by origin and reserve days not bound<\/td><td>customs and trade statistics<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>TRD \u2192 FOO import dependence<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 FOO groundwater irrigation<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 FOO cold chain and greenhouses<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 FOO heat and dust<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>import share by commodity and origin<\/li><li>strategic food reserve days<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Customs and trade statistics, reserve announcements and progress on diversifying import sources<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>This chapter describes the food system; it makes no statement on agricultural or trade policy.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.4<\/span><span>Health and One Health, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Life expectancy is high and the population is young, but <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/hydrometeorological-hazard-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/energy-nexus\/\" data-tal=\"Energy Nexus\">extreme heat<\/a> is a direct hazard for outdoor workers, and the third NDC names heat stress and heat stroke as a high risk<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">83.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">years<\/span><p>life expectancy, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">57.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">\u00b5g\/m\u00b3<\/span><p>mean fine-particle exposure, 2023<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">51<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">infractions<\/span><p>found in 134,000 midday-break inspections, 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Heat protection<\/td><td>outdoor work stops 12:30 to 15:00 from 15 June to 15 September; 2025 was the 21st year; fines AED 5,000 per worker, up to AED 50,000<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat record<\/td><td>a reading of 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025; May mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population<\/td><td>1.8% aged 65 or over and 16.0% aged 0 to 14 in 2025<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat illness<\/td><td>national heat-death and heat-illness series not bound<\/td><td>Ministry of Health and Prevention<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>CLI \u2192 HLT heat<\/li><li>ENE \u2192 HLT cooling and power<\/li><li>WAT \u2192 HLT drinking water<\/li><li>INF \u2192 HLT transport and care<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>national heat-illness series<\/li><li>counts of outdoor workers by sector<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>Summer heat-illness reporting, inspection results and dust and fine-particle episodes.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Health planning rests with federal and emirate authorities. No personal health data are used or shown in Reports.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">8.5<\/span><span>Biodiversity and ecosystems, the baseline system chapter<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Most of the land is desert. Protection now covers about a fifth of the land and an eighth of marine waters, and mangroves act as a coastal carbon and buffer system.<\/p><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">19.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of land protected, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">12.0<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>of marine waters protected, 2025<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">201<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">km\u00b2<\/span><p>of mangrove, per the third NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table 8.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">State at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Component<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Protection<\/td><td>land 19.2% and sea 12.0% in 2025; the national aim is 30% of marine areas by 2030<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n36\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Abu Dhabi<\/td><td>directive of 15 October 2025: 26 protected areas covering 22,821 km\u00b2, 20% of the emirate\u2019s land<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mangroves<\/td><td>the third NDC gives 201 km\u00b2 and 160 million more by 2030; a ministry official reported 51% of a 100 million tree target in August 2026; the two aims differ<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-n36\" aria-label=\"Note 36\">36<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Condition<\/td><td>not bound outside protected areas<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Couplings into other systems<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>BIO \u2192 WAT recharge and coastal buffering<\/li><li>BIO \u2192 FOO fisheries and soils<\/li><li>CLI \u2192 BIO heat and sea temperature<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence to bind in 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>condition outside protected areas<\/li><li>coral and seagrass change<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">WHAT TO WATCH<\/p><p>New declarations in Abu Dhabi and other emirates, and mangrove planting against the 2030 aim.<\/p><\/aside><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Biodiversity is not reduced to a single number. Where valuation is used later, it will never be presented as the whole value.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park at 3,860 MW after 800 MW added in 2025 (about 21.5% of DEWA capacity), reported in \u201cAl Maktoum Solar Park\u2019s clean energy capacity hits 3.86GW in 2025,\u201d TradeArabia, Manama, 28 December 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.tradearabia.com\/News\/331795\/Al-Maktoum-Solar-Park-s-clean-energy-capacity-hits-3.86GW-in-2025\/CONS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r34\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 34\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.AGRI.ZS, AG.PRD.CREL.MT and NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAOSTAT and national accounts. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/AG.PRD.CREL.MT, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), National Food Security Strategy 2051. u.ae, Abu Dhabi, page updated 30 December 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/u.ae\/about-the-uae\/strategies-initiatives-and-awards\/strategies-plans-and-visions\/environment-and-energy\/national-food-security-strategy-2051, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r22\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 22\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SH.MED.PHYS.ZS, SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS and EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects, WHO and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2021\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.LND.PTLD.ZS and ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from Protected Planet (WDPA and WD-OECM, UNEP-WCMC and IUCN). World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statements on mangrove planting (51% of a 100 million tree target) and marine protection (about 12%, aim of 30% by 2030), reported in \u201cUAE reaches 51% of target to plant 100 million mangrove trees by 2030,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, 22 August 2026. Observation year 2026. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/environment\/uae-reaches-51-of-target-to-plant-100-million-mangrove-trees-by-2030-1.500648706, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r36\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 36\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-c8-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>Office of the President of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), UAE President directs expansion of protected natural areas in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. Abu Dhabi, 15 October 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.mohamedbinzayed.ae\/en\/latest-news-listing\/2025\/10\/UAE-President-directs-expansion-of-protected-natural-areas-in-emirate-of-Abu-Dhabi, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-c8-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-methodology\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex A<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Methodology<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">How the edition was made: methods, the model card, the evidence cut and its age, the acceptance record and the glossary.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>10 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>12 tables<\/span><span>8 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.1<\/span><span>Methods<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The baseline uses published values and four simple derivations. Each is shown in full so that any reader can reproduce it.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Methods<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">No.<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Derivation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Calculation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Result<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>(1)<\/td><td>Fall in the gas share of generation, 2019 to 2025<\/td><td>97.357 \u2212 68.039<\/td><td>\u2248 29.3 points<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(2)<\/td><td>Growth in total generation, 2019 to 2025<\/td><td>184.411 \u00f7 138.454 \u2212 1<\/td><td>\u2248 33.2%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(3)<\/td><td>Gap between the 2022 net inventory and the 2035 aim<\/td><td>195.185 \u2212 103.5<\/td><td>\u2248 91.7 Mt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(4)<\/td><td>Growth in residents, 2023 to 2024<\/td><td>11,294,243 \u00f7 10,678,556 \u2212 1<\/td><td>\u2248 5.8%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab2\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.2<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coupling strength scale (matrix and model card)<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Strength<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Definition<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>STRONG<\/td><td>a disruption in the source system has historically changed the target system\u2019s service or output within one season<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MODERATE<\/td><td>an effect is documented but buffered or slower<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEAK<\/td><td>an effect is plausible but not documented at national scale<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Status grammar<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Rule<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>value as issued by its source, with year<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>reasoned from cited evidence; never a measurement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus analytical value with stated method<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>conditional on stated assumptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>structured editorial judgement awaiting evidence<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.2<\/span><span>Model card, National Model v0<\/span><\/h2><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model ID<\/dt><dd>MDL-ARE-NATIONAL \u00b7 v0.1<\/dd><dt>Purpose<\/dt><dd>represent the United Arab Emirates as coupled water, energy, food, health and biodiversity <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> with forcing and transmission layers<\/dd><dt>Family<\/dt><dd>graph-based system of systems<\/dd><dt>Inputs<\/dt><dd>the cited sources of this edition; no proprietary data<\/dd><dt>Method<\/dt><dd>expert-specified coupling strengths (STRONG \u00b7 MODERATE \u00b7 WEAK) from evidence and analogue events<\/dd><dt>Validation<\/dt><dd>none yet, first validation against Q1 2027 Foundry evidence<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>qualitative; strengths are hypotheses, not measurements<\/dd><dt>Domain of validity<\/dt><dd>national scale; not for emirate or asset-level use<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>strength table and sources published in this edition<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">20<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">couplings<\/span><p>typed in v0<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">strong<\/span><p>documented within one season<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">moderate<\/span><p>documented, buffered<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">weak<\/span><p>plausible, undocumented<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>framing the 2027 agenda; choosing which couplings to measure first; explaining the coupled reading of risk in the United Arab Emirates.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT SUITABLE FOR<\/p><p>quantitative loss estimates, operational decisions, provincial comparisons or any claim about a specific asset.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">VERSIONING<\/p><p>Models are immutable by version. A change to any coupling, rule or weight produces v0.2 with its own card and correction note.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.3<\/span><span>The baseline evidence cut<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Every Nexus edition is published from a frozen evidence cut. The baseline cut is documentary: it pins the exact edition of every source cited. Model runs begin with the first Foundry cut in Q1 2027.<\/p><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Cut ID<\/dt><dd>NQ-ARE-2026-Q0-1<\/dd><dt>Type<\/dt><dd>baseline documentary cut<\/dd><dt>Resolution policy<\/dt><dd>pinned \u00b7 as of 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Sources pinned<\/dt><dd>46 cited sources, each at the edition and retrieval date in the references<\/dd><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>none at baseline, analytical values are stated with their method<\/dd><dt>Digest<\/dt><dd>computed at <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h5\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.hard-freeze\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"Air temperature falling well below freezing for hours, killing crops, bursting pipes and stopping water flow.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">freeze<\/a> and recorded in the publication record<\/dd><dt>Supersedes<\/dt><dd>nothing, first cut of the series<\/dd><dt>Superseded by<\/dt><dd>NQ-ARE-2027-Q1-1 at the Q1 2027 close<\/dd><\/dl><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Lineage<\/h3><ol class=\"nrp-rows\"><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">01<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">source edition<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">02<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">pinned citation<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">03<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">finding<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">04<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">page<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"nrp-rows-i\">05<\/span><p class=\"nrp-rows-x\">publication record<\/p><\/li><\/ol><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">From the baseline cut to the first Foundry cut<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Element<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline 2026<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Q1 2027<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Sources<\/td><td>cited publications, pinned by edition<\/td><td>qualified source bindings with versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Analysis<\/td><td>stated methods and editorial estimates<\/td><td>typed analysis specifications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Models<\/td><td>National Model v0 specification<\/td><td>model runs with receipts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Findings<\/td><td>twelve baseline findings<\/td><td>findings re-bound to the cut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Review<\/td><td>five passes scheduled<\/td><td>five passes on the exact digest<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.4<\/span><span>Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">A 2026 edition rests on evidence observed in many different years. This page shows each time base, so that no single year label hides older evidence.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Evidence age and coverage<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Observed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Released<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Next release<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GHG emissions<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>Nov 2025<\/td><td>biennial<\/td><td>second report<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>not stated<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity mix<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Apr 2026<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>annual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable capacity<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>2026 via press<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Groundwater policy<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>Dec 2022<\/td><td>policy<\/td><td>not scheduled<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Economic outlook<\/td><td>2025\u20132026<\/td><td>Dec 2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>2026 consultation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h4\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.precipitation.heavy-rain\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Precipitation extremes\" data-td=\"Rain falling fast or long enough to overwhelm drainage, soils and streams and to trigger floods and slope failures.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H4\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\">Extreme rain<\/a><\/td><td>2024<\/td><td>Apr 2024<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>per event<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat reading<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Jun 2025 via press<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>per event<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected areas<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Coverage by system at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Thinnest dimension<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Climate forcing<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>annual anomaly; heat-illness link<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><td>fuel burned for power and desalination<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>desalination share and capacity in use<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>import share by commodity; reserves<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>heat deaths and illness series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>condition outside reserves<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Finance<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><td>insurance cover<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Digital<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><td>dependency mapping<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.5<\/span><span>Evidence cards, two anchor sources<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by the Ministry of Climate Change and Environment to the UNFCCC, November 2024. Periodic. Role: binds the 2035 aim, the 2019 base of 196.3 Mt, the sector pathways and several water and capacity statements, each as a national statement.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-ARE-001<\/h3><p>Third NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Issued by Ember. Annual. Role: binds the 2019\u20132025 generation mix by source. The data file was read from the issuer\u2019s public release, not through a press report.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">EVD-ARE-002<\/h3><p>Ember yearly electricity data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/article><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Quality dimensions at baseline<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Dimension<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-ARE-001<\/th><th scope=\"col\">EVD-ARE-002<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Completeness<\/td><td>economy-wide, all domestic sectors<\/td><td>national, by source<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Timeliness<\/td><td>submitted November 2024<\/td><td>2025 data released in 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revision<\/td><td>periodic; the 2019 base moved from 225 to 196.3 Mt<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>annual back-revision<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Method transparency<\/td><td>inventory method described; report text and tables differ in places<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>method published by the issuer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>External validation<\/td><td>independent assessment exists<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n30\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r30\" aria-label=\"Note 30\">30<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>not bound<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Evidence cards to follow in Q1 2027<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-list\"><li>Second Biennial Transparency Report, inventory series after 2022<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>FAO AQUASTAT country accounts, desalination and reuse volumes<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/li><li>Federal and utility statistics, share of supply that is desalinated<\/li><li>Customs and trade statistics, food import share by commodity<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.6<\/span><span>Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Editorial self-check at evidence close. Every applicable item carries a disposition; the remaining items are review, approval and deposit.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab8\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.8<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Publication acceptance record<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Group<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Area<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Items<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pass<\/th><th scope=\"col\">N\/A<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Pending<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>D1<\/td><td>Identity and scope<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D2<\/td><td>Source and data<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D3<\/td><td>Analysis and models<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D4<\/td><td>Findings and claims<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D5<\/td><td>Figures, tables, maps<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D6<\/td><td>Editorial and citations<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D7<\/td><td>Review and approval<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D8<\/td><td>Artefact and design<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>7<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D9<\/td><td>Registry and release<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication gate<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Conditions met<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close<\/dd><dt>Blocking problems<\/dt><dd>none recorded<\/dd><dt>Open conditions<\/dt><dd>reviews, approval of the exact digest, deposit, registry pointer<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Not applicable at baseline<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Model runs<\/dt><dd>first runs in Q1 2027<\/dd><dt>Maps<\/dt><dd>plates in Q2 2027<\/dd><dt>Waivers<\/dt><dd>none<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Dispositions are recorded item by item in the machine-readable checklist. A FAIL on any item blocks release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.7<\/span><span>Status words<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab9\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.9<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">The status every value carries<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it means<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"positive\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Observed<\/span><\/td><td>Measured directly and published by the source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td>Published statistics of an official or institutional source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Declared<\/span><\/td><td>Stated by the body concerned; not independently measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td>A Nexus estimate from cited evidence, with its method in Annex A.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Modelled<\/span><\/td><td>Produced by a stated model from cited inputs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Inferred<\/span><\/td><td>Reasoned from cited evidence; not measured.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Forecast<\/span><\/td><td>A projection by the cited source.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Simulated<\/span><\/td><td>A simulation result under stated assumptions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Scenario<\/span><\/td><td>A conditional statement under stated assumptions; never a prediction.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Expert input<\/span><\/td><td>Expert judgement, recorded with its basis.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"caution\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Candidate<\/span><\/td><td>Proposed for a later edition; not yet evidence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Evidence-quality levels (EQL 1 to 5) grade the source behind a value; they are not a score of the subject.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s8\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s8-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s8-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.8<\/span><span>How the edition is made, released and corrected<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nx-p\">Every edition is built from a sealed evidence cut, reviewed under three keys, signed and deposited before any site shows it as published; corrections go to <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> as change proposals and feed the next cut.<\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">01 Evidence arrives from the pillars<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Foundry seals observations and indicator series, Universe hands over after-action and scenario findings, and contributions are screened at every gateway, including this site&#8217;s.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">02 The cut is sealed<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">On the cut date the evidence is pinned under one identifier, so anyone can rebuild the edition from exactly what it was built on.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">03 The edition is assembled<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The edition is drafted from its template and content pack. Agents may draft; they never publish and never decide.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">04 The keys turn<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">At the publisher of record the truth key comes first: every value is checked against its source or stated method before the meaning and capital keys turn. No edition moves on until every key has been turned by a named steward.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">05 The gate opens<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">A named approver releases one exact digest of the edition; any change after this point is a new version, never a silent edit.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">06 Signed and deposited<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">The PDF, the web edition and the data bundle are signed together with a manifest and an RO-Crate description, and deposited on Zenodo with a concept and a version DOI.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">07 Published on its desk&#8217;s site<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Only then does the edition show as published on its desk&#8217;s Reports site, and the Collection lists it as a part.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Step\">08 Corrections go to Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"What happens\">Method and correction findings go to Nexus Standards as change proposals; citations, corrections and new contributions feed the next evidence cut.<\/td><td data-label=\"Source\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-2\">A teaching model of the process, not a forecast and not a record of any run; dates and counts on this page come from the programme record. Sources: <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/governance\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Reports governance at GCRI Canada<\/a> (2026); Zenodo, repository of record for Reports deposits (2026).<\/p><p class=\"nrp-note\">Lifecycle, one state at a time: Draft, Computed, Evidence bound, Reviewed, Approved for release, Published, Corrected, Superseded. This edition is a draft.<\/p><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s9\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s9-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s9-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.9<\/span><span>Glossary and abbreviations<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab10\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.10<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Series terms<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Term<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Baseline Edition<\/td><td>the inaugural annual edition that fixes the reference state for the series<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WEFH+B<\/td><td>water, energy, food, health and biodiversity, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/governance-in-operation\/national-nexus\" data-tc=\"National Nexus\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The national model: the NNC, the NLC and the NWG as its three participation pillars, with the National Desk, Model and Portfolio and the NSC as the standards function of the NNC (OR-13)\">national nexus<\/a> core<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Coupling<\/td><td>a typed dependency through which one system transmits to another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 protection-gap\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The difference between total economic losses from hazards and the share covered by insurance or other pre-arranged protection, leaving households, firms and governments to absorb the rest.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tg=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/glossary\/protection-gap\/\" data-tgl=\"Global Risks Alliance glossary\">Protection gap<\/a><\/td><td>the share of losses not covered by insurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capability ladder<\/td><td>LISTED \u2192 EXISTS \u2192 ADEQUATE \u2192 TESTED \u2192 DEMONSTRATED<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EQL<\/td><td>evidence-quality level, 1\u20135<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence cut<\/td><td>a frozen resolution of exact sources and versions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NNC \u00b7 NLC \u00b7 NWG<\/td><td>National Nexus Consortium \u00b7 National Leadership Council \u00b7 National Working Groups<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab11\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.11<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Abbreviations used in this edition<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Abbreviation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Expansion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>BTR<\/td><td>Biennial Transparency Report<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DEWA<\/td><td>Dubai Electricity and Water Authority<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EAD<\/td><td>Environment Agency Abu Dhabi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FAO<\/td><td>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FCSC<\/td><td>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IMF<\/td><td>International Monetary Fund<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IRENA<\/td><td>International Renewable Energy Agency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LULUCF<\/td><td>land use, land-use change and forestry<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MOCCAE<\/td><td>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MoHRE<\/td><td>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NCEMA<\/td><td>National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NCM<\/td><td>National Centre of Meteorology<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NDC<\/td><td>nationally determined contribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>WDPA<\/td><td>World Database on Protected Areas<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s10\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s10-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-s10-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">A.10<\/span><span>Technical annex<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-tab12\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table A.12<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Technical annex<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Item<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Annex<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Contents<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A.1<\/td><td>Indicator definitions<\/td><td>the baseline indicator set, with units and sources<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.2<\/td><td>Coupling strengths<\/td><td>the twenty-cell matrix and its rationale<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.3<\/td><td>Scenario specification<\/td><td>SCN-ARE-HTW-01 assumptions and signposts<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.4<\/td><td>Capability placements<\/td><td>rung evidence for fifteen functions<\/td><td>IN THIS EDITION<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.5<\/td><td>Model diagnostics<\/td><td>first runs and validation<\/td><td>Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.6<\/td><td>Sensitivity analyses<\/td><td>influence of coupling strengths<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.7<\/td><td>Emirate notes<\/td><td>atlas cards for every emirate<\/td><td>Q2 2027<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A.8<\/td><td>Review statements<\/td><td>pass-by-pass review record<\/td><td>AT RELEASE<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">A.1 \u00b7 indicator definition, gas share of electricity generation<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Construct<\/dt><dd>gas-fired generation divided by total electricity generation<\/dd><dt>Unit<\/dt><dd>per cent<\/dd><dt>Scope<\/dt><dd>calendar year, national, including net imports<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>Ember yearly electricity data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Revision<\/dt><dd>annual back-revision by the data issuer<\/dd><dt>Known limits<\/dt><dd>Ember\u2019s country page rounds differently from the dataset<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup>; 2026 not bound<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Annexes carry the same evidence, review and correction rules as the chapters and are versioned with the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), Third Update of Second Nationally Determined Contribution for the UAE. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, 2023. Observation years 2019\u20132030. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/NDC\/2023-07\/Third%20Update%20of%20Second%20NDC%20for%20the%20UAE_v15.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), UAE: country assessment, assessment dated 15 November 2024. Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, Berlin, 2024. Observation year 2024. The page rates the 2030 target of the 2023 update; a separate 2035 analysis is not read. https:\/\/climateactiontracker.org\/countries\/uae\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r30\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 30\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ca-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-ca-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-data\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex B<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">Data appendix<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>12 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>7 tables<\/span><span>26 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.1<\/span><span>The indicator set<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Baseline indicator set<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Value<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Year<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GHG emissions incl. land use<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">195.2<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GHG emissions excl. land use<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">201.8<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Change in net emissions since 2019<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u22120.8<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2019 base year, net<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">196.3<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2019<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2035 aim, net<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">103.5<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2035<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gap from 2022 inventory to 2035 aim<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u224891.7<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"neutral\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Estimated<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gas share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">68.0<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nuclear share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">21.2<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Solar share of electricity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">9.9<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Total generation<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">184.4<\/span><\/td><td>TWh<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Grid emissions intensity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">470<\/span><\/td><td>g CO\u2082e\/kWh<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Renewable capacity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">7,907<\/span><\/td><td>MW<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n19\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Internal renewable freshwater per person<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">14.9<\/span><\/td><td>m\u00b3<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n10\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Freshwater withdrawals, share of internal resources<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">1,510<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Groundwater share of water consumed, Abu Dhabi<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">60<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n20\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Treated wastewater reuse<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">77<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of food imported<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">\u226580<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cereal production<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">20,216<\/span><\/td><td>t<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n13\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Note 13\">13<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Population<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">11.3<\/span><\/td><td>million<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n7\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Life expectancy<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">83.1<\/span><\/td><td>years<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n9\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fine-particle exposure<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">57.2<\/span><\/td><td>\u00b5g\/m\u00b3<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected land<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">19.2<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n12\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected sea<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">12.0<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Real GDP growth, projected<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">4.8<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electricity use per person<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">15,361<\/span><\/td><td>kWh<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n14\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Note 14\">14<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GHG emissions excl. land use, independent estimate<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">264.1<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-st\"><span class=\"nf-ui-dot\" data-tone=\"info\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Reported<\/span><\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n16\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Net emissions after 2022<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>Mt CO\u2082e<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of potable water desalinated<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n21\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Note 21\">21<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Share of food imported, by commodity<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>%<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>National heat deaths and illness<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">Not bound<\/span><\/td><td>cases<\/td><td>n\/a<\/td><td>NOT BOUND<\/td><td><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n26\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-actions nrp-noprint\"><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:text\/csv;charset=utf-8,Indicator%2CValue%2CUnit%2CYear%2CState%2CSource%0AGHG%20emissions%20incl.%20land%20use%2C195.2%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0AGHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%2C201.8%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0AChange%20in%20net%20emissions%20since%202019%2C%E2%88%920.8%2C%25%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B3%5D%0A%222019%20base%20year%2C%20net%22%2C196.3%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2019%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0A%222035%20aim%2C%20net%22%2C103.5%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2035%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AGap%20from%202022%20inventory%20to%202035%20aim%2C%E2%89%8891.7%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2022%2CESTIMATED%2C%5B1%5D%20%5B3%5D%0AGas%20share%20of%20electricity%2C68.0%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0ANuclear%20share%20of%20electricity%2C21.2%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0ASolar%20share%20of%20electricity%2C9.9%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0ATotal%20generation%2C184.4%2CTWh%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0AGrid%20emissions%20intensity%2C470%2Cg%20CO%E2%82%82e%2FkWh%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B17%5D%0ARenewable%20capacity%2C%227%2C907%22%2CMW%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B19%5D%0AInternal%20renewable%20freshwater%20per%20person%2C14.9%2Cm%C2%B3%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0A%22Freshwater%20withdrawals%2C%20share%20of%20internal%20resources%22%2C%221%2C510%22%2C%25%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B10%5D%0A%22Groundwater%20share%20of%20water%20consumed%2C%20Abu%20Dhabi%22%2C60%2C%25%2C2022%2CREPORTED%2C%5B20%5D%0ATreated%20wastewater%20reuse%2C77%2C%25%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B1%5D%0AShare%20of%20food%20imported%2C%E2%89%A580%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0ACereal%20production%2C%2220%2C216%22%2Ct%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B13%5D%0APopulation%2C11.3%2Cmillion%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B7%5D%0ALife%20expectancy%2C83.1%2Cyears%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B9%5D%0AFine-particle%20exposure%2C57.2%2C%C2%B5g%2Fm%C2%B3%2C2023%2CREPORTED%2C%5B9%5D%0AProtected%20land%2C19.2%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B12%5D%0AProtected%20sea%2C12.0%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B12%5D%0A%22Real%20GDP%20growth%2C%20projected%22%2C4.8%2C%25%2C2025%2CREPORTED%2C%5B5%5D%0AElectricity%20use%20per%20person%2C%2215%2C361%22%2CkWh%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B14%5D%0A%22GHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%2C%20independent%20estimate%22%2C264.1%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2C2024%2CREPORTED%2C%5B16%5D%0ANet%20emissions%20after%202022%2CNot%20bound%2CMt%20CO%E2%82%82e%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B3%5D%0AShare%20of%20potable%20water%20desalinated%2CNot%20bound%2C%25%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B21%5D%0A%22Share%20of%20food%20imported%2C%20by%20commodity%22%2CNot%20bound%2C%25%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B5%5D%0ANational%20heat%20deaths%20and%20illness%2CNot%20bound%2Ccases%2Cn%2Fa%2CNOT%20BOUND%2C%5B26%5D%0A\" download=\"NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-indicators.csv\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, CSV<\/a><a class=\"nf-ui-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"data:application\/json;charset=utf-8,%7B%0A%20%22edition%22%3A%20%22NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE%22%2C%0A%20%22title%22%3A%20%22United%20Arab%20Emirates%20Systems%20Risk%20and%20Resilience%20Report%202026%3A%20The%20State%20of%20the%20United%20Arab%20Emirates%E2%80%99%20Interdependent%20Systems%22%2C%0A%20%22status%22%3A%20%22Draft%20under%20stewardship%20review%3B%20not%20yet%20released%22%2C%0A%20%22licence%22%3A%20%22CC-BY-4.0%20for%20the%20edition%20table%3B%20each%20value%20keeps%20its%20source's%20licence%22%2C%0A%20%22columns%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%22Indicator%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Value%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Unit%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Year%22%2C%0A%20%20%22State%22%2C%0A%20%20%22Source%22%0A%20%5D%2C%0A%20%22rows%22%3A%20%5B%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22GHG%20emissions%20incl.%20land%20use%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22195.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22GHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22201.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Change%20in%20net%20emissions%20since%202019%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%88%920.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%222019%20base%20year%2C%20net%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22196.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222019%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%222035%20aim%2C%20net%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22103.5%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222035%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Gap%20from%202022%20inventory%20to%202035%20aim%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%89%8891.7%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22ESTIMATED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%20%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Gas%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2268.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Nuclear%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2221.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Solar%20share%20of%20electricity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%229.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Total%20generation%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22184.4%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22TWh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Grid%20emissions%20intensity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22470%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22g%20CO%E2%82%82e%2FkWh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B17%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Renewable%20capacity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%227%2C907%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22MW%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B19%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Internal%20renewable%20freshwater%20per%20person%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2214.9%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22m%C2%B3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Freshwater%20withdrawals%2C%20share%20of%20internal%20resources%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%221%2C510%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B10%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Groundwater%20share%20of%20water%20consumed%2C%20Abu%20Dhabi%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2260%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B20%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Treated%20wastewater%20reuse%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2277%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B1%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Share%20of%20food%20imported%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%E2%89%A580%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Cereal%20production%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2220%2C216%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22t%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B13%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Population%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2211.3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22million%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B7%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Life%20expectancy%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2283.1%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22years%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B9%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Fine-particle%20exposure%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2257.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%C2%B5g%2Fm%C2%B3%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222023%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B9%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Protected%20land%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2219.2%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B12%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Protected%20sea%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2212.0%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B12%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Real%20GDP%20growth%2C%20projected%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%224.8%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222025%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Electricity%20use%20per%20person%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%2215%2C361%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22kWh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B14%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22GHG%20emissions%20excl.%20land%20use%2C%20independent%20estimate%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22264.1%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%222024%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22REPORTED%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B16%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Net%20emissions%20after%202022%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Mt%20CO%E2%82%82e%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B3%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Share%20of%20potable%20water%20desalinated%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B21%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22Share%20of%20food%20imported%2C%20by%20commodity%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%25%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B5%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%2C%0A%20%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%22National%20heat%20deaths%20and%20illness%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22Not%20bound%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22cases%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22n%2Fa%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22NOT%20BOUND%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%22%5B26%5D%22%0A%20%20%5D%0A%20%5D%0A%7D\" download=\"NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-indicators.json\"><svg class=\"nrp-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 15V3\"\/><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><path d=\"m7 10 5 5 5-5\"\/><\/svg>Indicators, JSON<\/a><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOTES<\/p><p>Values read through press reports are marked in the source register. ESTIMATED values are arithmetic from cited figures, with the method in the technical layer. A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.2<\/span><span>National source register<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Domains bound by the register<\/h3><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">WAT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">ENE<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FOO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">HLT<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">BIO<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">CLI<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">INF<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">FIN<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">TRD<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">MIN<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab3\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">National source register<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Category<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Period<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Role<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Population estimates<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n6\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national statistics and UN<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>profile<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third NDC and update<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Note 2\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>government submission<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2023\u20132024<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transparency report<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\" aria-label=\"Note 3\">3<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n4\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Note 4\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>government submission and UNFCCC record<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2022\u20132025<\/td><td>biennial<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Article IV<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international financial institution<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>FIN \u00b7 FOO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>World Bank series<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n9\" aria-label=\"Note 9\">9<\/a><\/sup> to<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n16\" aria-label=\"Note 16\">16<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international development bank from UN agencies<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2022\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>WAT \u00b7 HLT \u00b7 BIO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Generation data<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n18\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Note 18\">18<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>independent think tank<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2019\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capacity statistics<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n19\" aria-label=\"Note 19\">19<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>international agency via press<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>ENE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Groundwater policy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>emirate environment agency<\/td><td>emirate<\/td><td>2022<\/td><td>policy<\/td><td>WAT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Meteorology statements<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n23\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n25\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>national technical authority via press<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>per event<\/td><td>CLI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Midday-break rule<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>ministry via press<\/td><td>national<\/td><td>2024\u20132025<\/td><td>annual<\/td><td>HLT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protected areas<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n35\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Note 35\">35<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>UN database and emirate directive<\/td><td>national and emirate<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>periodic<\/td><td>BIO<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">FIXTURE PROHIBITION<\/p><p>No demonstration or reference-cartographic fixture is used as evidence in this edition. The publication gate checks every binding against this register.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.3<\/span><span>Regional reading, United Arab Emirates by emirate<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Map plates for every emirate follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form.<\/p><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Population<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n6\" aria-label=\"Note 6\">6<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n8\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Note 8\">8<\/a><\/sup><\/h3><div class=\"pp-cells nrp-cells-3\"><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">11.3<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>residents<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">4.58<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">million<\/span><p>Dubai residents, end 2025<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">74<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>international migrant stock<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nrp-cell\"><span class=\"pp-metric\">86<\/span><span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">%<\/span><p>urban population<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab4\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.4<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Regional reading, United Arab Emirates by emirate<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Region<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Principal hazards<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Systems most exposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline evidence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Abu Dhabi, coast and Al Dhafra (west)<\/td><td>heat, humid heat, dust<\/td><td>energy, groundwater, desalination<\/td><td>groundwater policy<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n20\" aria-label=\"Note 20\">20<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Al Ain and the inland east<\/td><td><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.flash-flood\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"A fast, violent rise of water in a small catchment or dry channel within hours of intense rain.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">flash flood<\/a>, heat<\/td><td>roads, farms<\/td><td>rain 254 mm<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dubai and Sharjah (central coast)<\/td><td>flash flood, heat, humid heat<\/td><td>drainage, power, water, health<\/td><td>April 2024<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n24\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup> \u00b7 drainage<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n27\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ajman and Umm Al Quwain (north coast)<\/td><td>coastal flooding, <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h11\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.coastal.sea-level-rise\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Coastal and sea-level hazards\" data-td=\"A long-term rise of mean sea level that raises the baseline for floods, erosion and saltwater intrusion.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H11\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">sea-level rise<\/a><\/td><td>low-lying urban areas<\/td><td>no event cited in this edition<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ras Al Khaimah and Fujairah (north and east)<\/td><td>wadi flash flood<\/td><td>roads, farms, groundwater recharge<\/td><td>basin study named in the NDC<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\" aria-label=\"Note 1\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>Regional readings summarise the cited evidence. They are not risk ratings of any emirate.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.4<\/span><span>Atlas card, Dubai Emirate<\/span><\/h2><ul class=\"nrp-chips\"><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">emirate<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">central coast<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">flash flood<\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-chip\">urban growth<\/li><\/ul><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Systems in view<\/dt><dd>drainage, power, water and health<\/dd><dt>Defining events<\/dt><dd>April 2024 rain: most of Dubai\u2019s rain fell on 15 April and set a daily record<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n24\" aria-label=\"Note 24\">24<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Couplings<\/dt><dd>CLI \u2192 INF; ENE \u2192 WAT<\/dd><dt>Capability evidence<\/dt><dd>AED 30 billion drainage programme to 2033<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n27\" aria-label=\"Note 27\">27<\/a><\/sup>; response records not bound<\/dd><dt>Gaps<\/dt><dd>heat illness series; drainage condition; emirate water supply by source<\/dd><dt>Agenda items<\/dt><dd>A-01 \u00b7 A-06<\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Dubai reached 4.58 million residents at the end of 2025, up 7.5%, or about 332,000, in the year [8].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GROWTH<\/h3><p>A city adding residents fast<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">The programme costs AED 30 billion and aims to raise drainage capacity by 700%, completed in stages by 2033; AED 1.439 billion of contracts for four projects were awarded in April 2025 [27] [28].<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">DRAINAGE<\/h3><p>Tasreef<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NOT BOUND. Source: Dubai Electricity and Water Authority statistical releases. Blocker: not retrieved by evidence close.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">WATER<\/h3><p>Supply by source<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">evidence<\/p><p>Atlas cards are generated for every emirate from Q2 2027 with consistent fields and evidence-age labels. Dubai is shown first because it holds the hub of the national pathway and the clearest flood evidence.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.5<\/span><span>United Arab Emirates system card<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">The card through which the United Arab Emirates appears in the Middle East and North Africa regional edition and the global series. It summarises; it does not rank.<\/p><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab5\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.5<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">United Arab Emirates system card<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">System<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Baseline state<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coupling to watch<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Coverage<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Water<\/td><td>internal renewable water 14.9 m\u00b3 a person<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n10\" aria-label=\"Note 10\">10<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>power for desalination<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Energy<\/td><td>gas 68% of generation<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\" aria-label=\"Note 17\">17<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>summer peak<\/td><td>GOOD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Food<\/td><td>at least 80% imported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>import shocks<\/td><td>PARTIAL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<\/td><td>heat; outdoor work<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n26\" aria-label=\"Note 26\">26<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>heat surge<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biodiversity<\/td><td>protected land 19.2%<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n12\" aria-label=\"Note 12\">12<\/a><\/sup><\/td><td>land use and aridity<\/td><td>THIN<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Context<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Archetype<\/dt><dd>hyper-arid federation with a fuel-linked economy, growing nuclear and solar supply and a large international population<\/dd><dt>Population<\/dt><dd>11.3 million (2024)<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n7\" aria-label=\"Note 7\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Trade<\/dt><dd>fuel 68% of merchandise exports in 2023; at least 80% of food imported<sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n15\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Note 15\">15<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\" aria-label=\"Note 5\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><dt>Hazard<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/hydrometeorological-hazard-standards\/\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 atmo.thermal.heatwave\" data-tk=\"Atmosphere and weather \u00b7 Thermal extremes\" data-td=\"A spell of abnormally high temperature, often with warm nights, that overloads bodies, power grids and crops.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H5\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/atmo\/\" data-txl=\"Atmosphere and weather\" data-ta=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/courses\/energy-nexus\/\" data-tal=\"Energy Nexus\">extreme heat<\/a>; <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.flash-flood\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"A fast, violent rise of water in a small catchment or dry channel within hours of intense rain.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\" data-tx=\"https:\/\/risksindex.com\/hazards\/water\/\" data-txl=\"Water systems\">flash flood<\/a><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n25\" aria-label=\"Note 25\">25<\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"nrp-fn\"><a href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-n23\" aria-label=\"Note 23\">23<\/a><\/sup><\/dd><\/dl><div class=\"nrp-cards\"><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">United Arab Emirates\u2019 card sits beside its neighbours\u2019; shared basins, grids, corridors and supply chains are read as one regional system.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGIONAL EDITION<\/h3><p>One regional system<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Emirati evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers, so a correction travels everywhere at once.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES<\/h3><p>Same findings, same IDs<\/p><\/article><article class=\"nf-ui-card nrp-card\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">In the global edition the United Arab Emirates is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.<\/p><h3 class=\"nf-ui-title\" data-level=\"card\">GLOBAL FLAGSHIP<\/h3><p>Peers, not ranks<\/p><\/article><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">boundary<\/p><p>External rankings, where cited, keep their own method and source. Nexus never converts them into a rating, and the United Arab Emirates\u2019 national ownership of its edition is unaffected.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s6\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s6-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s6-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.6<\/span><span>Licences<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab6\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.6<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Licences of each kind of material<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Material<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Text<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Data<\/td><td>on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td>Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maps<\/td><td>boundary source and licence printed on each plate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metadata<\/td><td>CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Third-party data, figures and text<\/td><td>The source&#8217;s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><tfoot><tr><td colspan=\"2\">Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.<\/td><\/tr><\/tfoot><\/table><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s7\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s7-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-s7-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">B.7<\/span><span>Formats and provenance<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-tab7\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table B.7<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">This edition in every format<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Format<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kind<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it is<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Identifier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Web edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Print edition<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicator data<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">CSV \u00b7 JSON<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>30 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE data release v1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Figures<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">SVG \u00b7 PNG<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"here\">On this site<\/span><\/td><td>4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">FIG-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-*<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slides<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No slide deck is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence brief<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">HTML \u00b7 PDF<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"none\">Not recorded<\/span><\/td><td>No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dataset with DOI<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\">DataCite<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"nx-nr-out-s\" data-state=\"release\">At release<\/span><\/td><td>Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.<\/td><td><span class=\"nrp-mono\"><\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Provenance<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Edition pack<\/dt><dd>The edition&#8217;s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built<\/dd><dt>Evidence cut<\/dt><dd>NQ-ARE-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Reproducibility<\/dt><dd>sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters<\/dd><dt>Self-check<\/dt><dd>14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release<\/dd><dt>Review<\/dt><dd>five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)<\/dd><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>GCRI for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Corrections<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version<\/dd><\/dl><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-notes\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-notes-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-notes-h\"><span>Notes<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-note\">Numbers are the edition&#8217;s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. <a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/references\/\">Annex C, references<\/a><\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r3\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 3\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r1\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 1\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r17\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 17\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r19\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 19\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r10\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 10\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r20\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 20\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r5\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 5\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.AGRI.ZS, AG.PRD.CREL.MT and NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAOSTAT and national accounts. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/AG.PRD.CREL.MT, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r13\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 13\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r7\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 7\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SH.MED.PHYS.ZS, SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS and EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects, WHO and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2021\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r9\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 9\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.LND.PTLD.ZS and ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from Protected Planet (WDPA and WD-OECM, UNEP-WCMC and IUCN). World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r12\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 12\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE and EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from the IEA Energy Statistics. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r14\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 14\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 and EN.GHG.ALL.PC.CE.AR5 for the United Arab Emirates (264 Mt CO\u2082e excluding land use in 2024), from the EDGAR database of the European Commission Joint Research Centre. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. This series is read as an independent estimate: it differs from the national inventory in [3]. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r16\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 16\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r21\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 21\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r26\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 26\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r6\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 6\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), Third Update of Second Nationally Determined Contribution for the UAE. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, 2023. Observation years 2019\u20132030. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/NDC\/2023-07\/Third%20Update%20of%20Second%20NDC%20for%20the%20UAE_v15.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r2\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 2\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r4\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 4\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r18\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 18\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r23\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 23\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r25\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 25\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>Office of the President of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), UAE President directs expansion of protected natural areas in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. Abu Dhabi, 15 October 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.mohamedbinzayed.ae\/en\/latest-news-listing\/2025\/10\/UAE-President-directs-expansion-of-protected-natural-areas-in-emirate-of-Abu-Dhabi, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r35\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 35\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment (ed.), Dubai population at the end of 2025 (about 4.58 million, up 7.5%), as reported by The National, Abu Dhabi, 30 July 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/07\/30\/dubai-population-surpassed-45-million-by-end-of-2025, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r8\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 8\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r24\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 24\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Dubai Protocol Department (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid launches the AED 30 billion Tasreef project to raise Dubai\u2019s rainwater drainage capacity by 700%. Government of Dubai, Dubai, 24 June 2024. Observation years 2024\u20132033. https:\/\/protocol.dubai.ae\/en\/media-listing\/news-events\/mohammed-bin-rashid-approves-aed30-billion-tasreef-project-to-enhance-dubais-rainwater-drainage-capacity-by-700\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r27\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 27\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-cb-n15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD and TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN for the United Arab Emirates, from national accounts and UN Comtrade. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2023\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN, accessed 2026-11-03.<a class=\"nrp-notes-back\" href=\"#nx-nrp-are-cb-r15\" aria-label=\"Back to the first call of note 15\">back<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><\/div><div class=\"nrp-part\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-part-references\"><header class=\"nrp-chap-head\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-top\"><ul class=\"nrp-eyerow\"><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\"><a href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\">United Arab Emirates 2026<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Annex C<\/li><\/ul><span class=\"nrp-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 class=\"pp-hero-title\">References and record<\/h2><p class=\"nrp-lede\">Every source the edition rests on, the publication record, the corrections log and the open record.<\/p><p class=\"nrp-chap-meta\"><span>15 min read<\/span><span>0 figures<\/span><span>1 table<\/span><span>0 notes<\/span><span>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE<\/span><\/p><\/header><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s1\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s1-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s1-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.1<\/span><span>46 sources<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">NR-CIT-1, editor first. A DOI is linked where the source has one; Nexus records carry a <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/uni\/\" data-tc=\"UNI\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The universal identifier of every Nexus artifact (NS-1)\">UNI<\/a> once the catalogue allocates it (NS-1).<\/p><ol class=\"nrp-notes\"><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-1\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">1<\/span><span>Ministry of <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Climate Change<\/a> and Environment (ed.), The United Arab Emirates\u2019 Third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0): Accelerating Action Towards Mission 1.5C. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, November 2024. Observation years 2019\u20132035. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/UAE-NDC3.0.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-2\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">2<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), Third Update of Second Nationally Determined Contribution for the UAE. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, 2023. Observation years 2019\u20132030. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/NDC\/2023-07\/Third%20Update%20of%20Second%20NDC%20for%20the%20UAE_v15.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-3\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">3<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), United Arab Emirates\u2019 First Biennial Transparency Report 2024. Submission to the UNFCCC, Abu Dhabi, submitted 6 November 2025. Observation years 2019\u20132022. https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/UAE&#8217;s%20First%20BTR%20-%20Submission%20Document.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. The text (195,065 Gg) and Table 1 (195,185 Gg) differ for 2022; Table 1 is used. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 2, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-4\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">4<\/span><span>UNFCCC secretariat (ed.), Record of the facilitative sharing of views at the sixty-third session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation: United Arab Emirates, FCCC\/WEB\/2025\/FSVR.1\/ARE. UNFCCC, Bonn, 19 December 2025. Observation years 2021\u20132031. https:\/\/www.unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/FSVR1_UAE_Nov2025.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-5\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">5<\/span><span>International Monetary Fund (ed.), United Arab Emirates: 2025 Article IV Consultation, Press Release, Staff Report and Statement by the Executive Director, IMF Country Report No. 25\/327. IMF, Washington DC, December 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132026. https:\/\/www.imf.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/cr\/2025\/english\/1areea2025001-source-pdf.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-6\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">6<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.POP.TOTL, SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS, SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS and SM.POP.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects and the UN International Migrant Stock. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-7\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">7<\/span><span>Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (ed.), Total population residing in the UAE and demographic growth rates, 2000\u20132024, as compiled by the Gulf Labour Markets, Migration and Population programme. GLMM, Cambridge, 2025 (11,294,243 residents in 2024). Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfmigration.grc.net\/uae-total-population-residing-in-the-uae-and-demographic-growth-rates-2000-2024\/, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-8\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">8<\/span><span>Dubai Data and Statistics Establishment (ed.), Dubai population at the end of 2025 (about 4.58 million, up 7.5%), as reported by The National, Abu Dhabi, 30 July 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/07\/30\/dubai-population-surpassed-45-million-by-end-of-2025, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-9\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">9<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SH.MED.PHYS.ZS, SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS and EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 for the United Arab Emirates, from UN World Population Prospects, WHO and the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2021\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-10\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">10<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.H2O.INTR.PC, ER.H2O.INTR.K3, ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS, ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS, ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS and ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAO AQUASTAT. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.H2O.INTR.PC, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-11\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">11<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: SH.H2O.BASW.ZS and SH.STA.BASS.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from the WHO\/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/SH.H2O.BASW.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-12\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">12<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: ER.LND.PTLD.ZS and ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from Protected Planet (WDPA and WD-OECM, UNEP-WCMC and IUCN). World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/ER.LND.PTLD.ZS, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-13\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">13<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.AGRI.ZS, AG.PRD.CREL.MT and NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from FAOSTAT and national accounts. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/AG.PRD.CREL.MT, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-14\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">14<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE and EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS for the United Arab Emirates, from the IEA Energy Statistics. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-15\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">15<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD and TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN for the United Arab Emirates, from national accounts and UN Comtrade. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation years 2023\u20132024. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-16\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">16<\/span><span>DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators: EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5 and EN.GHG.ALL.PC.CE.AR5 for the United Arab Emirates (264 Mt CO\u2082e excluding land use in 2024), from the EDGAR database of the European Commission Joint Research Centre. World Bank, Washington DC, database updated 8 October 2026. Observation year 2024. This series is read as an independent estimate: it differs from the national inventory in [3]. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/v2\/country\/ARE\/indicator\/EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-17\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">17<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data: generation by country and source (release_generation_yearly_global), United Arab Emirates 2019\u20132025. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/files.ember-energy.org\/public-downloads\/generation\/outputs\/release_generation_yearly_global.csv, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-18\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">18<\/span><span>Ember (ed.), United Arab Emirates: country page (32% low-carbon, 68% fossil), last updated 22 April 2026. Ember, London, 2026. Observation year not stated on the page. https:\/\/ember-energy.org\/countries-and-regions\/united-arab-emirates\/, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-19\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">19<\/span><span>International Renewable Energy Agency (ed.), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, United Arab Emirates (7,907 MW at the end of 2025), read through \u201cUAE renewable capacity rises to 7.9 GW in 2025 as solar drives additions,\u201d Zawya Projects, Dubai, 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.zawya.com\/en\/projects\/utilities\/uae-renewable-capacity-rises-to-79-gw-in-2025-as-solar-drives-additions-sbzbtfh4, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-20\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">20<\/span><span>Executive Council of Abu Dhabi (ed.), Executive Council Resolution No. 182 of 2022 concerning the General Policy for the Management, Regulation and Protection of Groundwater in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 13 December 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/faolex.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/uae221944E.pdf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-21\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">21<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statement that the UAE meets 42 per cent of its drinking water needs through desalination, World Water Day, 22 March 2022, reported in \u201cUAE needs to recycle every drop of water it has, minister says,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 23 March 2022. Observation year 2022. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/uae\/environment\/2022\/03\/22\/uae-needs-to-recycle-every-drop-of-water-it-has-minister-says, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-22\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">22<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), National Food Security Strategy 2051. u.ae, Abu Dhabi, page updated 30 December 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/u.ae\/about-the-uae\/strategies-initiatives-and-awards\/strategies-plans-and-visions\/environment-and-energy\/national-food-security-strategy-2051, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-23\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">23<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement on the rainfall of 16 April 2024 (254 mm in under 24 hours at Khatm Al Shakla, highest since records began in 1949), reported in \u201cUAE witnesses largest amount of rainfall in 75 years,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, April 2024. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/weather\/uae-witnesses-largest-amount-of-rainfall-in-75-years-1.1713319645595, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-24\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">24<\/span><span>World Weather Attribution (ed.), Heavy precipitation hitting vulnerable communities in the UAE and Oman becoming an increasing threat as the climate warms. Imperial College London and partners, London, 2024. Rapid study, not peer-reviewed. Observation year 2024. https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/heavy-precipitation-hitting-vulnerable-communities-in-the-uae-and-oman-becoming-an-increasing-threat-as-the-climate-warms, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-25\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">25<\/span><span>National Centre of Meteorology (ed.), statement that May 2025 was the hottest May on record (mean maximum 40.4 \u00b0C; 51.6 \u00b0C at Sweihan on 24 May 2025), reported in \u201cUAE has hottest May on record after temperatures top 50C,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 3 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/03\/uae-has-hottest-may-on-record-after-temperatures-top-50c, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in the summary, chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 7, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-26\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">26<\/span><span>Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (ed.), midday outdoor-work break, 15 June to 15 September 2025 (12:30 to 15:00; 134,000 inspections in 2024, 51 infractions), reported in \u201cUAE midday break for workers starts today,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 15 June 2025. Observation years 2024\u20132025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/15\/uae-midday-break-for-workers-starts-today\/, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-27\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">27<\/span><span>Dubai Protocol Department (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid launches the AED 30 billion Tasreef project to raise Dubai\u2019s rainwater drainage capacity by 700%. Government of Dubai, Dubai, 24 June 2024. Observation years 2024\u20132033. https:\/\/protocol.dubai.ae\/en\/media-listing\/news-events\/mohammed-bin-rashid-approves-aed30-billion-tasreef-project-to-enhance-dubais-rainwater-drainage-capacity-by-700\/, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 7<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-28\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">28<\/span><span>Dubai Municipality (ed.), AED 1.439 billion contracts awarded for four Tasreef project phases. Dubai Municipality, Dubai, 18 April 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.dm.gov.ae\/aed-1-439-billion-contracts-awarded-for-four-tasreef-project-phases\/, accessed 2026-11-03.<\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-29\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">29<\/span><span>Government of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), Federal Decree-Law No. 11 of 2024 on the Reduction of Climate Change Effects, as described in \u201cLandmark UAE climate law aims to curb emissions and boost net zero ambitions,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 2 June 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2025\/06\/02\/landmark-uae-climate-law-aims-to-curb-emissions-and-boost-net-zero-ambitions, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-30\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">30<\/span><span>Climate Action Tracker (ed.), UAE: country assessment, assessment dated 15 November 2024. Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute, Berlin, 2024. Observation year 2024. The page rates the 2030 target of the 2023 update; a separate 2035 analysis is not read. https:\/\/climateactiontracker.org\/countries\/uae\/, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-31\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">31<\/span><span>C. Raymond, T. Matthews and R. M. Horton, \u201cThe emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance,\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 19, eaaw1838, 2020. Observation years 1979\u20132017. Abstract read through Europe PMC (doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838), accessed 2026-11-03. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1838<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-32\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">32<\/span><span>Convention on Biological Diversity (ed.), Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, Decision 15\/4. CBD Secretariat, Montreal, 2022. Observation year 2022. Landing page read; target text not read. https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/gbf, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-33\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">33<\/span><span>National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority (ed.), National <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 early-warning-system\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"An integrated system of risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and preparedness that enables timely action ahead of hazards.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Early Warning System<\/a> (cell broadcast, Arabic and English), as described in \u201cRain in UAE: did you receive a public safety alert,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, 2023. Observation year 2023. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/amp\/living-in-uae\/safety-security\/rain-in-uae-did-you-receive-a-public-safety-alert-here-is-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-national-early-warning-system-1.1700224017503, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 4<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-34\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">34<\/span><span>Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (ed.), Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park at 3,860 MW after 800 MW added in 2025 (about 21.5% of DEWA capacity), reported in \u201cAl Maktoum Solar Park\u2019s clean energy capacity hits 3.86GW in 2025,\u201d TradeArabia, Manama, 28 December 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.tradearabia.com\/News\/331795\/Al-Maktoum-Solar-Park-s-clean-energy-capacity-hits-3.86GW-in-2025\/CONS, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-35\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">35<\/span><span>Office of the President of the United Arab Emirates (ed.), UAE President directs expansion of protected natural areas in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. Abu Dhabi, 15 October 2025. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.mohamedbinzayed.ae\/en\/latest-news-listing\/2025\/10\/UAE-President-directs-expansion-of-protected-natural-areas-in-emirate-of-Abu-Dhabi, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 2, chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-36\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">36<\/span><span>Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (ed.), statements on mangrove planting (51% of a 100 million tree target) and marine protection (about 12%, aim of 30% by 2030), reported in \u201cUAE reaches 51% of target to plant 100 million mangrove trees by 2030,\u201d Gulf News, Dubai, 22 August 2026. Observation year 2026. https:\/\/gulfnews.com\/uae\/environment\/uae-reaches-51-of-target-to-plant-100-million-mangrove-trees-by-2030-1.500648706, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 8<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-37\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">37<\/span><span>Copernicus Climate Change Service (ed.), Global Climate Highlights 2025 (2025 about 1.47 \u00b0C above pre-industrial), as reported in \u201cGulf will become more humid and hot as global temperatures rise, researchers say,\u201d The National, Abu Dhabi, 14 January 2026. Observation year 2025. https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2026\/01\/13\/gulf-will-become-more-humid-and-hot-as-global-temperatures-rise-researchers-say, accessed 2026-11-03. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-38\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">38<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. S. Pal and E. A. B. Eltahir, \u201cFuture temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 6, pp. 197\u2013200, 2016. Observation year projection. doi:10.1038\/nclimate2833. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nclimate2833\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1038\/nclimate2833<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-39\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">39<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. Lelieveld, Y. Proestos, P. Hadjinicolaou et al., \u201cStrongly increasing heat extremes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the 21st century,\u201d Climatic Change, vol. 137, pp. 245\u2013260, 2016. Observation year projection. doi:10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1007\/s10584-016-1665-6<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-40\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">40<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): J. Zscheischler, S. Westra, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk et al., \u201cFuture climate risk from compound events,\u201d Nature Climate Change, vol. 8, pp. 469\u2013477, 2018. Observation year 2018. doi:10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3. Used as framework only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-41\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">41<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened (Crossref bibliographic record only): H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.), Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC. IPCC, Geneva, 2023. doi:10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647. Used as context only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-42\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">42<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNDRR (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\">Sendai Framework<\/a> for Disaster <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 risk-reduction\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Preventing new risk, reducing existing risk and managing residual risk, all contributing to resilience.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">Risk Reduction<\/a> 2015\u20132030. UNDRR, Geneva, 2015. Details from memory; the issuer page returned an access error. Used as a standards reference only. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-43\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">43<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNFCCC (ed.), <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/climate\/paris-agreement-and-ndc-alignment\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a>. United Nations, Paris, 2015. Details from memory. Used as a standards reference only. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-44\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">44<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: P. D. McElwee, P. A. Harrison, T. L. van Huysen et al. (eds.), Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health. IPBES secretariat, Bonn, 2024. doi:10.5281\/zenodo.13850054. Details from memory. Used as framework only. <a class=\"nrp-doi\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.13850054\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5281\/zenodo.13850054<\/a> <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-45\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">45<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Reports: The Foundational Edition, Volumes I and II. Reports series, Edition 2026\u20132030, V1.0. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Internal edition, not located or re-read in this task. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"nx-nrp-are-ref-46\"><span class=\"nrp-notes-n\">46<\/span><span>UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Global <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition. GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Internal edition, not re-read in this task. <span class=\"nrp-cell-u\">Cited in chapter 6<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/section><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s2\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s2-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s2-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.2<\/span><span>Publication record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publication<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Title<\/dt><dd>United Arab Emirates <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Risk &amp; Resilience Report 2026, Baseline Edition<\/dd><dt>Series<\/dt><dd>Reports \u00b7 Edition 2026\u20132030<\/dd><dt>Edition<\/dt><dd>Baseline Edition 2026 \u00b7 inaugural annual<\/dd><dt>Version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 \u00b7 draft for stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Evidence close<\/dt><dd>30 September 2026<\/dd><dt>Publication date<\/dt><dd>October 2026<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>concept and version DOI at deposit<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Publisher<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Publisher of record<\/dt><dd>The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), for the Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Place<\/dt><dd>Toronto<\/dd><dt>Editor<\/dt><dd>Saeed Valadbaygi, Chief Steward and Managing Editor<\/dd><dt>Stewards<\/dt><dd>GCRI \u00b7 technical truth \u00b7 GRF \u00b7 public meaning \u00b7 GRA \u00b7 capital meaning<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd>text CC BY 4.0; data on the terms of each source<\/dd><dt>Copyright<\/dt><dd>\u00a9 2026 GCRI \u00b7 Nexus Consortium<\/dd><dt>Language<\/dt><dd>English (en-GB) source edition<\/dd><dt>Correspondence<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway \u00b7 editorial office<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">DISCLAIMER<\/p><p>This edition is published for research, planning and public understanding. It is not a government assessment, an official warning, a rating, a certification, investment advice or an operational authorisation. Reasonable care has been taken with every source; consult the cited originals before relying on any value.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Colophon<\/h3><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Format<\/dt><dd>A4 portrait \u00b7 screen, print and archival PDF<\/dd><dt>Typefaces<\/dt><dd>Space Grotesk (display) \u00b7 Geist (text) \u00b7 IBM Plex Sans Italic (standfirsts) \u00b7 IBM Plex Mono (data)<\/dd><dt>Design standard<\/dt><dd>Reports Foundational Edition, Volume I, Part VII<\/dd><dt>Accessibility<\/dt><dd>tagged PDF and HTML targets; text alternatives for every figure<\/dd><dt>Production<\/dt><dd>Reports editorial team, GCRI<\/dd><\/dl><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">HOW TO CORRECT THIS EDITION<\/p><p>Report errors, omissions or objections through the Registry correction pathway. Each report is logged and answered; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version, and the original remains resolvable.<\/p><\/aside><h3 class=\"nrp-h3\">Release path for this version<\/h3><div class=\"nrp-tblw\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-tab1\"><table class=\"nrp-tbl\"><caption><span class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">Table C.1<\/span><span class=\"nrp-tbl-t\">Release path for this version<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What happens<\/th><th scope=\"col\">When<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Draft<\/td><td>editorial self-check complete at evidence close<\/td><td>October 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steward review<\/td><td>five passes on the exact draft (keys T \u00b7 M \u00b7 F \u00b7 N)<\/td><td>Q4 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Approval<\/td><td>publication authority approves the exact digest<\/td><td>before release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deposit<\/td><td>concept and version DOI minted; registry pointer set<\/td><td>at release<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Succession<\/td><td>the Q1 2027 edition reports changes against this baseline<\/td><td>Q1 2027<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nrp-split\"><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Current version<\/dt><dd>v1.0.0 draft, stewardship review<\/dd><dt>Previous edition<\/dt><dd>none, first edition of the series<\/dd><dt>Next edition<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2027-Q1-v1.0.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div><dl class=\"nrp-dl\"><dt>Latest version<\/dt><dd>resolve the concept DOI or the registry record<\/dd><dt>Correction route<\/dt><dd>Registry correction pathway<\/dd><dt>Notice types<\/dt><dd>erratum \u00b7 addendum \u00b7 supersession \u00b7 withdrawal<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><\/div><aside class=\"nrp-call\"><p class=\"nf-ui-eyebrow\">NO CORRECTIONS \u2260 NO LIMITS<\/p><p>The absence of corrections does not mean the absence of limitations. Limitations and uncertainty are stated where they arise in the edition.<\/p><\/aside><\/section><div id=\"nx-nr-are-corrections\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s3\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s3-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s3-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.3<\/span><span>Corrections log<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-corr\"><p class=\"nx-nr-corr-sum\"><span class=\"nx-nr-corr-n\">0<\/span><span>correction notices. No edition has been released yet, so none can be corrected; the log below lists each edition&#8217;s current version.<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Edition<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Version<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Date<\/th><th scope=\"col\">State<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Change<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Notice<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Edition\"><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">ARE<\/span><\/td><td data-label=\"Version\" class=\"nx-rd-mono\">NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/td><td data-label=\"Date\">October 2026<\/td><td data-label=\"State\">Draft<\/td><td data-label=\"Change\">Baseline Edition 2026, inaugural annual edition,<\/td><td data-label=\"Notice\">None<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-rd-source\">Notice types: erratum, addendum, supersession, withdrawal. A correction is a new version with a published notice; the earlier version stays resolvable, and no edition is ever edited in silence.<\/p><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-are-outputs\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s4\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s4-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s4-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.4<\/span><span>Open record<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"nx-nr-os\"><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>This edition&#8217;s open record<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>Publication ID<\/dt><dd>NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0<\/dd><dt>Desk identifier and series alias<\/dt><dd>NR-NAT-ARE-2026-BL<\/dd><dt>Collection<\/dt><dd>None<\/dd><dt>DOI<\/dt><dd>Concept and version DOI at deposit, on Zenodo with DataCite metadata<\/dd><dt>Versions<\/dt><dd>Each correction is a new version (isNewVersionOf); the concept DOI resolves to the latest<\/dd><dt>Bundle<\/dt><dd>RO-Crate 1.2 with CITATION.cff, CodeMeta and PROV-O provenance; a signed manifest<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Credit and identity<\/h3><dl class=\"nx-nr-os-kv\"><dt>ORCID<\/dt><dd>Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record<\/dd><dt>ROR<\/dt><dd>Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone<\/dd><dt>CRediT<\/dt><dd>Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing<\/dd><dt>Account<\/dt><dd>None needed to contribute; never a password<\/dd><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Find and follow<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">Search the open indexes for United Arab Emirates; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage, and a quantified scenario run is preregistered on OSF before it is run. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-nr-os-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/openalex.org\/works?search=Nexus%20Reports%20United%20Arab%20Emirates\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAlex<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/explore.openaire.eu\/search\/find?fv0=Nexus%20Reports%20United%20Arab%20Emirates&amp;f0=q\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenAIRE<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/search\/works?q=Nexus%20Reports%20United%20Arab%20Emirates\" rel=\"noopener\">Crossref<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.datacite.org\/?query=Nexus%20Reports%20United%20Arab%20Emirates\" rel=\"noopener\">DataCite Commons<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/search?q=Nexus%20Reports%20United%20Arab%20Emirates\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/prereg\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OSF preregistration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/via.hypothes.is\/https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Annotate with Hypothesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-card\"><h3>Mirrors and harvest<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p\">The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-mt-3\"><figure class=\"nx-nr-code\"><figcaption class=\"nx-nr-code-cap\">InvenioRDM metadata for a contribution on United Arab Emirates, prefilled from this page<\/figcaption><pre class=\"nx-nr-pre\" tabindex=\"0\"><code>{&#10;  &quot;metadata&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;id&quot;: &quot;dataset&quot;&#10;    },&#10;    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Evidence on United Arab Emirates for Nexus Reports&quot;,&#10;    &quot;publication_date&quot;: &quot;YYYY-MM-DD&quot;,&#10;    &quot;creators&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;person_or_org&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;type&quot;: &quot;personal&quot;,&#10;          &quot;family_name&quot;: &quot;Your family name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;given_name&quot;: &quot;Your given name&quot;,&#10;          &quot;identifiers&quot;: [&#10;            {&#10;              &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;orcid&quot;,&#10;              &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;0000-0000-0000-0000&quot;&#10;            }&#10;          ]&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;affiliations&quot;: [&#10;          {&#10;            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;ROR identifier of your organisation&quot;&#10;          }&#10;        ]&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;description&quot;: &quot;What it is, where its record is kept and how it bears on United Arab Emirates Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026.&quot;,&#10;    &quot;rights&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;id&quot;: &quot;cc-by-4.0&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;subjects&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Nexus Reports&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;United Arab Emirates&quot;&#10;      },&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;subject&quot;: &quot;Country Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;related_identifiers&quot;: [&#10;      {&#10;        &quot;identifier&quot;: &quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/&quot;,&#10;        &quot;scheme&quot;: &quot;url&quot;,&#10;        &quot;relation_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;issupplementto&quot;&#10;        },&#10;        &quot;resource_type&quot;: {&#10;          &quot;id&quot;: &quot;publication-report&quot;&#10;        }&#10;      }&#10;    ],&#10;    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;custom_fields&quot;: {},&#10;  &quot;access&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;record&quot;: &quot;public&quot;,&#10;    &quot;files&quot;: &quot;public&quot;&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;files&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;enabled&quot;: true&#10;  },&#10;  &quot;parent&quot;: {&#10;    &quot;communities&quot;: {&#10;      &quot;default&quot;: &quot;nexusreports&quot;&#10;    }&#10;  }&#10;}<\/code><\/pre><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-nr-os-hook\" data-nx-research-hub=\"slot\" data-nx-research-context=\"{&quot;org&quot;:&quot;GCRI&quot;,&quot;site&quot;:&quot;gcri&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;edition&quot;,&quot;subject&quot;:&quot;United Arab Emirates&quot;,&quot;series&quot;:[&quot;Country Systems Risk &amp; Resilience Report&quot;]}\" hidden><\/div><\/section><\/div><div id=\"nx-nr-are-pillars\"><section class=\"nrp-block\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s5\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s5-h\"><h2 class=\"nrp-h2\" id=\"nx-nrp-are-cc-s5-h\"><span class=\"nrp-num\">C.5<\/span><span>Where this edition sits among the six pillars<\/span><\/h2><p class=\"nrp-stand\">Foundry seals the evidence and Universe tests it; Reports publishes it; Standards takes its corrections and Academy teaches from it.<\/p><ol class=\"nx-pl-list\"><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F03 Sealed observations and indicator series<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F04 After-action and scenario findings for<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F05 National Portfolio movement for chapter<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Foundry<\/span> National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Applied in editions<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a>: applied in editions.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>ARE edition<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Reports<\/span> United Arab Emirates 2026, published in every format with its sources, citation and corrections.<\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F06 Method and correction findings as change<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Standards<\/span> Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>F12 Q4 synthesis informs the next-year<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Universe<\/span> Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><strong>Taught in the open<\/strong> <span class=\"nx-pl-in\">Academy<\/span> Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>What Foundry and Universe hand to this edition, and what it hands to Standards, Universe and Academy. From the programme spine; ARE is a drafted Baseline Edition, so these handoffs run from its first operational quarter.<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-pl-legend\" aria-label=\"Pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/\">Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/universe.nexus\/\">Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/\">Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/\">Risk Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table nx-rd-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Handoff<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Between<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What crosses, and when<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F03<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>Sealed observations and indicator series behind a profile (closeout).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F04<\/span><\/td><td>Universe to Reports<\/td><td>After-action and scenario findings for chapters 10 and 13 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"foundry\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F05<\/span><\/td><td>Foundry to Reports<\/td><td>National Portfolio movement for chapter 11 (after action review).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Nexus Standards to Reports<\/td><td>Nexus Standards: applied in editions.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"standards\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F06<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Nexus Standards<\/td><td>Method and correction findings as change proposals (correction).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"universe\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">F12<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Universe<\/td><td>Q4 synthesis informs the next-year mandate (renewal).<\/td><\/tr><tr data-pillar=\"academy\"><td><span class=\"nx-rd-code\">Ring<\/span><\/td><td>Reports to Risk Academy<\/td><td>Risk Academy: taught in the open.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nrp-noprint\"><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"systemic\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Send evidence or a correction on United Arab Emirates.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Reports is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication, written by six desks. This page sits with the GCRI <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">Systems<\/a> Evidence desk. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work. Sent to the wrong desk, it is forwarded, not refused.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI Systems Evidence desk<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/contribute\/#nx-sec-routing\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">See which desk takes what you have<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">The routing table opens the contribution page: what you have, the desk that takes it, how each contribution is reviewed and credited, and the licence.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"contribute\" data-nxf-kind=\"workflow\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/nexus-reports\/editions\/are\/full#contribute\" data-nxf-title=\"Contribute evidence\" data-nxf-height=\"480\" hidden><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><p class=\"nx-note\" data-nr-rights=\"true\"><a class=\"nx-link\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.<\/p><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-are-full-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-are-full-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-therisk-global-nexus-reports-editions-are-full-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/urban-flood\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Urban flood<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/risk-information-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Risk information standards and interoperability<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/data\/identification-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Identification (the UNI)<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script><style>@media print { @page { margin: 20mm 17mm 20mm 17mm; @top-left { content: \"Nexus Reports\"; font: 500 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @top-right { content: \"United Arab Emirates Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026 \\0000b7  Baseline Edition 2026\"; font: 400 7.5pt \"IBM Plex Sans\", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-left { content: \"NR-COUNTRY-ARE-2026-BASELINE \\0000b7  Draft, not released\"; font: 400 7pt \"IBM Plex Mono\", monospace; color: #4a4a4a; } @bottom-center { content: \"CC BY 4.0. 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