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Fbac4\/osr57bFex4Ifi43yU666ntEqjVl\/XN7HV9ZYH7Bc1KL\/VDmGzP8BjSVyp1T5j6r4ETwO1kaA3LwmWAs6+QoUwGPsMfKbePtAvfUXMCvOsOXpjFDIIsADFAMSKPZUZdo66qknqqihiUNNhQPr5jDrZ4WMjdWwL4skTo3PZ75GlX57lMBo72pi7F3V3rtybkI\/QWog9on8hNkpP6sjd2T6GtzgWqjfmBhesFsS\/Id2K1cACJi1Mvz609QWO6h2yA5ZeMTp3ZELiyfDN931ZtV9IUw1B+vF9LT9AOk8wpNv4+nBI6ry7LfIhRD\/LEtcjwmUuidEPgo2z8zeBg2L0uzDwHDNQWeaAqPsdc\/0k6Pcuc5Ludx+WzryE4uxJiL\/JtJVS6rgU4IR9vgDVUrY7kjzBZVYCwzClVxJ7Qzd4JVEy\/B4C7OmxcHYc\/L+bpBjlcim55u9rtbqNo5fQOR92U+8PQj54xgsJIvhXcOuazrMg7yS3DjVI94gSgRr\/ncOy\/bKzU3jYUJ+sqR\/xehUEv1ANiczfjVcSSoOlpBwKd8\/LTQZk4gbjziRJqguBG3eFTM+dJ83qr9hBCd8qZWURj0Adj8X4r+HN6FzY8itCoBcUPFIXXx7R+7mK1KYwa64S+\/jgcDeGmY3hrMc8TWGpmltugWvTVmeePOcW2PBWn7W6k1jRSTynk0TRSWLcSQtiFQvtMJ4CyEz7D0OsK84z8IWOQvN253cJDRqdbMh+Ni1IXnrkWuG4c1NWSNFFzTvqsj5Zd\/QIVM8hVc5BGN6e3zlxeGIYf1vvvqfpR\/QgAW1bf8EfFCCGxfpZ6vhMs4X3kxhsBc+n8eeTee\/9UAbwLQx+xFZPPsCRRnd1zN3RZwfVuFoePfpV15n0XGIiHqd8OK9cfKSBpwz9xfZJ\/w3lUWHmzoGDEU29UHvReJ4EIZE\/RVwyk0jnCb7EEUTEWleLtSbA3WiAOYizRFsAyg9sPzXxCz9eoIbjoO90PdcDaa4HKa202qXvy67389qUUTiDpoXFkp7OimsdUte69IrX9Bgreow32qvaAIQaR4TRk2Uz2Y3M\/UUGs394gR9ZDU6wWSEELaq3a1t1b1opaI59OK7l+j9ENmGMcAiRL7+KTRgzaVAuWZ7anxPHMpAVJVXRfH1wH75f7xKB0vtqzevsmbxgYfWLZt7C5bI9v2uhtg0jNdT6FCEDzCJbFx\/DOxxF0XTGj1kJN\/rAID3s\/BtCgRBoqf\/Y09+ufl1RPXBevh4lS3H+v7f62t0HCKzzFJ2EIpxAHMdGak8V5pyNGRXpyfSn09YMb+\/CJVgWhJMpEQSY4Fkp3RE+UBTBuYDvYuSikJBNlUHQLMTxM9MDDu+YrFMFLiZThyQthidmsbFD4wF71nZqFFeWfEPVp2\/WpzOjzz49kIkIgpg5geszHkly2gRpxDUIW1F0P14qTM48CXjsYAZ8UBYDHujGHyP7xfTHlGY6P3+XaWv+IDF4+5VPy2BuaNPmDBx7Zd89qOUml9J5BhBXhhO+iInPnZXDgq+wbBul3oSB629Eq\/XdTLWPwsytpL6c4uY79ljElxogTSj3H9EWYoXB14d\/RCYE\/Ojh+3pSnTM4P075Ok5liOniItKqbWG6MH+M1z8ySR7Da4dF1n21tdmUMrr1KzPAjG+w\/q8KAGAkV61ies6TmEM4bFAjpTCsUdA\/F8MASOhSr1U95eUXD2mrNwkoki+Obb++rSzMZ63XQgJFLszUZ4+xKrNEl65YfT77BMIbyaFdM2klhxeGlMYbNLEFcDE9Y5IINOVgmCb25s0jLM73OCazzsFtmdZ+y9PvV2L2tmjeDqPG0DWmN2113iDxcPUr5vzWgtmrhuklgal1qnrgod8y9nZx3lXacEzs6yVyxxl+K1nLtDqBvGTdslJD3yu6B7lWpvu9L9sjCd794q1523Oqyz9T5K\/QaoqqNdK2D2\/3CJ8hkahFXkfIWExTAEZHPCaom5EfQXmEuxz4ay6Q1daoSSemLSq\/x3ubfP2awzeUfvsVrtCfq\/\/v\/139M5pZ\/fEgKMZHGbojXKIzzEyNoFaxfjc7xiSYVjlW9vCbLOYZ0GlTEaUliRAm04OReRxqgLTQXx9AW4CmO0LAOlwQDPco68dNdnC+e2VRBraeAV1giK9n4KXon1jPYGujfwblFuzdjHoLTriWlIdgq0BQ5SFQIQj\/hzGw+WSK04YSeUecvoDOg+tGNpe8zDfHBlFam58QYtZY6kyh\/FF3I5NcoIEyGeisaQn5QPFs+HyggqFoMp36vA1mLVdOZLIHE+K+fBz\/OrGUQC2PSns8T2K6O28\/JKY5X6cYkPYi2sZmdsDYyxh5clbG3ukRGPuY5gjO6htpGehL3gtZQoFNt1N5DCkjoAE90KpBpJPsc0cyvA6amMbNVwdPlMuD4WyYeGokDG3NV21sSLejeSbJaQo5ankDhZZ3ug+znOLaQM\/pQb4xV9P+CJov3\/hU5F1qXlolvV6cTgxnKusn33Mya9ZlV5FCxuBi4jOn6\/Q5kx0JicLHtN9zEVvXreDUxmYgXDiSYDiwn+msaov7FHMth77M70N3ynE+OgzMiToXN6Z4mJrDt79c2eQl5D9iugFhOvfxoJqe3+rX1V8UJjpKpLyHiW5qLj3rMe1yZdTTmc\/xwye1mNWvzFOPzhCMf3Sm+f75kxvMH0PmoSHqHIz8FTVDia5K3mzuSZKyzqZ1iSt76q705TKDD0\/Pep98Y53Y9PTpbHLOMH0HT386qsag\/6XJ3\/yZ3Fyf3HFcDuYLxqwxs3uj8jAKGzmrM9rZjZ\/etMw0eyiFj9x8+WDM3XML6RCcP0LsIYuTztxo6PrU+8skcY3h9+p0NktEImWGm+lKITLhOICnCTDT5s\/ZrMgtSXSWpz9fPCMm741R1BmHjbPKxWi8aHa23GntEyWOKRnDy+r1+GuX1evlIgQeiwyxXzmL+xlsY02bJy+0HR83fDwbmH0QJe7lowYW2S3iERYKmLW5i\/sZd47Sa685yK3+urKc54XKbgGceMhf5SLJ5CRo2IM2T57nSbAidjGujYJE++mLHEk3u6FkJcgwhleOyg6uXNYYtYRrv7dPqbGWmVMq\/9BF3ES73VyqNC1o2XIpy\/6xTDFkYOaeS0TNs7eG\/rLjxxHtORlXrYAoKrtwa\/yLpF\/1KP8IPusq72HvRIyLverKUr6wXt9PDXSfLZT2\/Y02bNOiiQS6BIhWgBhVAmlvhCd24KXTMsMynZ9J4s6rEHOUStGmJiyhhXzAycq248J2Jql67yGBTi6QLdp3V02jEoAoQh1fEP9Ff7JeX4XbrQMXzuhgkJ77Z020R4Gb4TawVl3avyGmb\/ERk7mO3KjI+ay5DhWRJcgvVT8NZNZbJmSz9H+JpPlN6jMvu57ue79LL7DN3y8I3Pve0D+XPv3dkSEptVEFiCK3F6utDgdJMdYxaY59Z2dqwxh7enamPpXChyuSQ\/YKzmcIapTmra\/nLRZyCnjfcftueW5UMc8SbbPWM0xIg8OlvDGHyOrXHjQLLSoTjp+SIYm3+LmGTUOnlviEOnuSwW+vC265MlJ9DwXRLCn4G+Y0elGYl\/xVR\/0I68o6gxIWV71RtLsADnnTDimeZxUdmxM+0ft2TkzDYhNEYMo0kZuesa7HoIHYKVqWsR7bV4bK1vcrHEXPnabejOsMrQxekkRqGAVX5eLrRJhWqxN6GsqS3KvmANv3N7AxfBHFaxpprdB1yzpfkBvYHA+cDg8mCzBxDvIdqMUcZnwIT\/BjxqKnlHM7RjnnOFm9ntH9qMkcnpZKdbMCtMZ7fdWWeh3ATNz5rQw07QYnYVubFm\/gB9TWVJa8zhU\/1ubunzA5DNeKhj2ZnMHSu2kefNiH5UJwcb0s9Azge7kLJ4V93GYZ+dhpvFw\/n9lbkhlE3BJ+3szc+rg6CYESQgr5qUwb2abm+Ho1IqdMeb4ZDIoKBq9XI02grNy9JgB+xNDLyRBHOzsm+gLWebJftSBGcdyooRE8Vm8D9QpMJKK8L\/MqM5J8o2KT3PJXZ327hYHfWFW6G40Sxd9q0pItun5H705fmmhAwr7yCX2RID\/0MJOHvEqynyr6OMH2WKWNLFjTVafvOBUwPcDajKOc6fYxITh2QxvXhZ1i+rpsuLTpknYkvJ3T7yZsobg9syl7Qilbs3k7TPnGzmFpEbs6sZTyKljf2QzTQ+zLrKTQs69oAxo6sRJs\/5fgPqK2BvfMABAUCGdeoiwwSmLsBcrMDLfVM+tnXVcFvJpefN4MkaUf4FCZ1yEd0lF\/Plfla3VoM2jnsEyS4+Cq7rRCw7cfmIkan+M\/0dn\/jy8WSsHDbGv3ycoJJTmph06kjyfnS2Xyoocce3VtyaCLEQ2RPkqqoE\/NxuBLUaLQnjt9Mb2JOR2q22Z0qO49H4Jbt86qw9ABD51njo+fNz1V6jiDOVFoJ5wCDwX0z+11iUDsaoOmJqYAUJ3nJfUxMY+HpI3hup4YKQElXfnBiIYyUXHB7BrOP6d48zKJV6Fbk+X6\/+Tc\/swGaRVK7Jss4hp5S+tUFEtzLVNMtAnbbMLZ9vxfzzBPCg8jUTIx2rFnT36yCCPKC1JsuXakzvc1QlmRn\/K2kfmP0RWBQ7oiMI6Owv91dWXFUb\/zKnMPPmI2X57bneccBmUpSTeyVKOTCUvJOhhhU58JGltMl1XsIWPhl81qv2jitQNl7vemNRRjlwZ4OhOGQW26Uzy\/ma6lmqUyYjO+RwykHPQhTmEkOxaSskRpXhMLJSa9l1MpJH\/C2UHosGbcwIqufjRY3qK7J2xbZsRhLBVTN8dGsGXMuF8GkOtr6TKZXyh6oM5KNpoqVuF0FjJ2Kn8brguP31bnexYkH873ysLKFl3iUTx+TV9TU2yYabz+pyLzT+TKzCVmDEsUz3H9G0v5WlyTlh+\/gzbnJqUNntrb8eMWhU0w0fc3do+6m7xDd4gIi6amxEAnuF5Y9kD38aG6qp2fu0ugYyrQD+l51EHHUCbQa0HMCDaHTZtZpHXux9yIShXG5HCzlRefM4fZugGqnEkJXr9zUczf+urpc8KZ0Qmeoxo3nAKlAeHRl02f5tJe\/eOVxRnE0F3yCus2T1DFTWLNxPX7\/lbHQAADUrCv2rrDDwVUNjfBdEKo1mPwsglP6sAWTZ1CDsUinmcfDSTajPO4k8MW2ykVxS\/Yaw2\/J95kTHIW009NHbvlX4+04Y7cJes0tiQzyoQb0RzCpF4yhW5KqvO3oiPqWWuVbZrPbiESU7OZJAem8\/oMCiAr32Ju9Jnq1BAA4\/sLDALLM\/wusKTQxrGNllk1JP3zcMMckortJAEdCxTDU7lhFDXtdJ7Dy7oUK9lFGn2tcUUDLBAKhb+mFEG0m5DdS5REu3yuYdt+6IvK6XJpRnLzfqjyeZDPKoySo\/msOu\/yjRqY2mLbcl45VJbaPnd5K9jkVvbTTpZVUQx13ygr4lELjkGB4nYmfKS4tCHksA\/xbDP9z2d1pvEXQ4khR42xz\/hsbxn98chT7HqF6GQi0BvWr\/UY\/SQt0nJX3FvWxnqCEguSuerHM\/AGNZrd69XAHfQW909uFh0P2wy1eyk\/vV7FeHMCwglPvsmpSbwkubr0TBGIqeKpM8cbAxRUpzfi3fRGp01WDNDVWls6K94nXprkhHHKc+ei6sw5\/DcjEzNXJyMUXJo10T\/uc47sLXEtsztVR78YxLAsW8JEiIA8aGRBkPx\/NwbBIIprzsA8mLk0WJ8Ty8qnb0O8\/8P3T0uBxlHlcFkqAfmkxSRpN2bU2jIMYDCZUetOOaINV\/eNSzGw+eSh2KRXt+efW7hM+mL98fOXjAd2P3tgfdY0Nlma\/UmTEXNiumzNCjecmcvSfGwxDSDJkXeP4c5F3n4ihQtEqZEmGsGdSB5ZxXQS0zuMhUryPsw1VfB+EubK9vHL2VkIFi7tZ9127h234+6XnQHefs79pljPJ1xvupE++XYzXOSdL7eZC77b3aYbd87V5vifdWI+8YLJywa2Jgf0k8bq6mqMztHufa4B1VimdZK3nzQHMQlrqDZP0BMnfRevqIIeEbpoWwipgvezL72bp32VVlVaEpJpPiYq4jClarrDIIO2cTBCPZsHOcwaiMkYN0uJ5srjZl2lfSV7uVpW9mI1zv7Rid3ED57Jb3f\/6Hr+dgu6397+0c1CEHvdb3\/\/GKS7BIbd72D\/CKIkzSLy++jsH73YTZy0++3uH8PE91yn++2h9wPgdv0f\/f0jtLdbr38\/2D9mWexuIfmdoP520RZ280vc\/WO6C3ZuN37i7R+d3Q7iCorot79\/THYRctsiv4P9YxoETtSNn4T7x50dBXBHfse2vX90Yzd2Yd+AIJL5MHD7BgQSEIEo6Roce\/8YbD3bz\/oGZ\/\/ox368jfoGd\/\/ogW0G+k5de\/+4S\/yxD9fZP0ZeEIG0b3D3j9s0SrJu4g0E+0d7a+\/s7pMClOn+0Ykc4MCxxd0\/OrbjOj14KtC0+8cgDr2wH5vo9R+90Et8n7QdatDuHx3XCZ2YtOB6s\/tHH0RhnPbdv0D0kut5PTIcQcoVpdy66+5tTG\/xMzcINv3\/IQfc7o0jKKr9ox3bid1N7QzOsN7L6kfgx8gtQmF86Z+7e6VtFL9CamxK3Vbwc5Sqdq92vxnecfeTtBe\/C5JkPxbRluUbJQuvmrFDcj+\/9sO9gbocHybgguhH96yEB+pRnWOHvwEaWTU+RL+6Bz0\/ztKQrnUjqTPffYf8PvbJJc4TK4Z\/5LD+Yj+5eNsdxKP3YsuqfM9eVn\/t3RcRQXqWxIcwyttu82aWvJeGno8+\/Kp7vqvaihG0L7dCUb80hrssHKkfCJMYRiP1Q9Qu9Ufq54IwjaOR+tmpl0XhSP2yFO56aomoXxbHWZiO1C\/zotiPRuqX7gLHzUbqB0LXd+OR+rlgG6XhSP1gHEaeT1G\/GGQ9tUbUD6bAoakfjLYx8EfqF7qB3feHqR+M0D+K+oEE+tCnqF8AkiiJKOqXZvHYB6J+IABp6lHULwh3UbyjqF8MQx8w1C8JXQAo6ufF\/m7nU9QPwszNApr6ZUmWZDFD\/TI3c3ua2VG\/KN4FwGGpXxImST9BQv2gA0PIUr8wA2G\/LEL90gAGmStQPzfaeNEmcDf2UzBF\/7YBQ\/\/IEm4qTsyUIf4Tn\/\/E578DfFaymasu9dPXh8bBRbP7CxKj69rkO1f4zjX6zhO+84y+84XvfKPvAuG7wOS7owCXoxFcjgJcjkZwOQpwORrB5SjA5WgEl6MAl6MRXBIBLokRXBIBLokRXBIBLokRXBIBLokRXBIBLokZXELhu9Dku9i2+Q9j2zb70hG\/dMy+dMUvjXYjdsTZOmazdcTZOmazdcTZOmazdcXZumazdcXZumazdcXZukazPVcN\/+W5aky+RMIJ\/ylqM\/m2hAf+0xIeTL5Ewgz\/KRZwDL4FScJ\/CpLEbNQXcdAXwy+FrdG6JtEfI3GT\/xiLoCYfF8RmxnyMGQuzzcUqKX535UW7hq\/lKfdv89XPXlZ\/2SgVV6DMT6pwfEUdgyuWK99OVpVAUO4fbeCELuIASWunW0nd0HPHxrxF3KoXYK0JaSM8E1K5hE42tNb5K9awJFsfjJ0iNf\/+0QlcH+tPSGOnBGGHR4qOR7iDMBtHSnomzkujDDNxfXsNk0uNONLYx1qsvj0rqgrxlJmf7QDVXlZog\/ePYbwNo3F5v1v2\/jHxox01u98tZ\/8IwySJMqoNCREeIEJC3+btH7dZ6iRbqg0JExmAO\/pbtB\/C0DXISzS6k\/pE1KCakYSQbLNkxza7+0c\/iz3MGVPNSJu428VZxjb7SCyBEdXclNVbBooCDevFnr+1xUfO\/jEMgiCWPHL3jzs\/8tJYfOTtHxMvDjNXfISklwzu6GlUOZ5CBALg2myzg7ZjB3zANiO9YAYgBSfc7CGNHvBil232948IXeA45BGCFg3px47r22yzg7SS7tZ32GakY40DgFWiVDMW9oDvh2yzj2XEELAAwID2g2CbsM0IyPHOS3y2GeNY4sOQbfb2j2kIo2zLNqMh8f\/G5raqIRozjYAXAK4diWcgBNThJu1Ys+vZXsi1Y6X3Nt36XLu\/fwz9NEzGk9A0GLhhFnsQMK0IkdOAxm\/UikYM3cTzmFYPzc+niQ9qRat0Iz8YIXgoQNMQocyxN+T\/2U9RtGYIVPXG6mj9gHr+8tGRH2oXwR9w\/+g6vhdSdKPXJG\/taEdTKrSE2I2zJB1ae6F060chGFEsqw77RztzMnq1ODvEo+3ZoZ2wrahjO3ViCu2wENpgVAIuoADRPXD2j1vPC7cZ\/8BFZylww4B\/gHA42AE\/4h8QlHIo+v0KD\/jcAB+4CdOKcDiLMj9gWvFBjTMKhqgVaVyC2N46TKu\/f9xl0KZvi\/MZrzNlRkOtzv4xQKOxrciu4sYRhaKo1cNkMqM2AbWi0WLopWMrgHW3NttjW\/ujAphWRBFcZsWoFQHTBlHI9oAhme6oOaQXckp84GUe14zGs0OfumNxM9pAe2eH3NseshbFdsQ1oyGjNIkpYIAObbwgsJlWDM4ARIBpdRHdjPyE7cHbP8Y7ACmqhFoRWQ9TmNGEGhk1CUBd6mIn7RikW58+3bjdxdTK9xKuHYHVj7OA7x8DFnoUYJOiuqRoXDfz6H5IO7JKJYEXQK4dIaq3jaOIa0eXqQt2FBRJO1LqhSmA1LjHglwpLqBJxhFfYj4IAYXYqNXFnMGOuiJQK+Ih3DSkUBi1kusEUKiGvIcIcBHGs81oN+EOUKiNm7HeM\/VTwDYjyIapF0G2mdggbQrgWU5ukyxLwzBkm5FONAM2hbG4GenushB4KduMMdaLPK5vvJe7eBfTDFxVQ0Rz\/Sy2w4x60BzrS4zsmgwbkFgNeAVlCfaPaZrsKI4mQSrBptk\/xn4a7RieEraE1w3dmEb2xErq6oxoYxxR1DqxLnWM+OUs22YuzVSeqgbkyf4RejuQUNtq5Yi8J1kaQbo1Bqi+3\/4xglFEcwQtqvKE9zYLY+a6xQ8QS7SL\/SDiH7iY8tie0BUmSaHkAQa4F\/uQBvgFFlZWNU1eEN5rC\/in5SUpIKglC8WPjx9pXcl4cfQQn1oJTPHDtxxtg5ehYflncV7h3faoG697dICVZDfIcG1VgwPEHDGkDyt5XLVHfEeDLbtMgMWUIA1Cf0TGM6zOBexoNqBodvfAISysLzxANM2O6KPUPSB3hb0VHpDrwo59M\/sdL8klQRpS9LnTq4eZDyEryfEMI5Hk0ih1Eo+X5AIQQWqziSSHDkwacpIc1yuW5JzYDTxHlOTcOExi21ySSyMnDm2JJBeBXQg8VpKLksCxOUkujWKPYoGIJAdiL05YSS4AMbFlUJKc7YQhdXP0khw3dC\/J7WACoCNIcj7YRaknSHKuE4bUeL0k58ce2EFBktsCJwOuVJJLd0mUySW52N\/FUC7JRWmYJVAqyYXAj6krhpbk\/MCzI1GSi6NtQHGsvSSXbmM\/FCW5XZIEOyBKctkO8s0+ko+DNEoESS5LoQe2giSXbcGOOne9JAeRXJEJklwcucBLBEkuyJyQunp7SS7ZpQnMBElu58UJdAVJLoh3QZIJkpybhVtOuMarjD1GSuolOQ6jB0mOw+pBkoMJDNNElOQ47B4kOQ7DO0mOw81Oktu5SZBCXpKDMHMolU0nyWU+CCJBkotdJ3JjmSTnBvam\/79pYc5xOWEObmGWRZwwl\/jpFia8MLcF0Y7iODphzg8DN8gEYQ6f9IAV5tIMRrSigwhzmZ9ts1gU5tIdDDJHIsy5sZNQao5RmAsQQwklwhyIfC\/IJMIcTCIajSlhLoZeBHhhLnMhTGJemEvCNKF4wl6YS+I43PHCnOdH0M94Yc5OA1qP1glzEGRuEvLCHAhTNwK8MBdEIAkBL8y5XmSHMS\/MOa4PKdagE+ayOPPSgBfmMjdJKU6\/F+ayXeTveGEuDkPbBbwwt408zwkFYS4L4S51BGEOhkmw24rCXLqLglQQ5oAdht5OEOZC30so\/WonzMEMplnAC3OJH6fUse+EuZ0TRYnNC3NBFti7hBfmPN91gkwU5rIsC5NEFOayNM2iSBTmsij2KKAOwhz0ttDdicJcbPvE\/44T5jI\/CyiN1yDMpVGaUJfsIMzFfhwngSjMRfHOp0WuXpgL7XC33QrCnG87gc8Lc14cuFEsCHPOzqEupk6YC2CyC12JMLd1RWHOTTxIddELcx4iJYEgzEVZ4lAq4UGYs5OQWkkvzCV+4HmxKMyFiU\/dbb0wB7OIVrn0wly6C+jD0AtzwHYSJxGEuSCxgQ0kwpwTh7EHRGEOhBEIfZkwx0k8gzC3SxKH4dwHYc7LomyXCcIcDHeZbYvCXBoEkGnvhbkk2e4oxqIT5rBhwpMIc0mUuLEvEeZ2WZwkMmEuc1N3C+YIc9wujMIc8FzXUQpzIfSB5yuFOWGhtDBn21s3dhXCnABTSpiz7R3celJhLkrClBEJRmFO2A1WmNvGYRarhLkd\/p8gzEE\/TSj17CjMZWlmUxRkFOayMKE5g1GYg9GOvnhHYS4JAuDFEmEOiaaudz8Htz8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvj8Fvr8vgU\/hIvp2ulrofZSBbO+i7Hj453GfFOB0\/hKgolebbfh63OxClExMFjtoUJvq7bTPLkXRJDWE5bUbwrHt1+PzUAn8Y0\/qJ6sSvHTBp0sSnolLRflM0HI3CSiSL19QYauVtXLcCHWw+uvKXf26ClGx17Uacigl8gHKqm31EZBk+mix62Gd+xVxyZWvsxek1zOTeK6XpK9vq0tytEBCOesml7pBgaCHGsTPQ+0o\/ChHR468Sv6EE5DhkxJW7z0HvcIZG3CpP1KSjytJNdExUUMgsCKg9jmpr\/3cz1WOKgGYdpLW4CD0gdYf5+VB3QlBR1kpHLw4qgwgrprGlFAzKrbzdrLKqknq\/NzKRiG1BgcMQ1i9JhUJA1S1bSiNx2e\/XFbk7+00wKuGIP0YEoHzMzWp74DoEyiVOd6JrkHztIAHWKaN+oVzXqoftvlZ\/fCYl+1VdTKxkLh+tt5g\/JK3FnotrauzleUFUijFxaX+4mAqyT9a0c\/uWlWMPlU2rpCGErsw0yaP14uynA6I7qWfiuoDdp2qFH59cNMRtfrxNwu+xaUEGkOk5PrxhDmYzuBQVDHkP75iOpgXuK4zuQKWQMNLraosPhZOpfva9JR24NNt\/B9WXqbwHZWqFm64jhBb8BWlkzUbTBGwov9KTR\/tvkgrTQad6UJwsnQtjiTlP1HbrOXFjTFlHc6mvfK4g4lU1uuNcAcyTxzZkwlwzIUhJsYyGA6bGxAwdolssr7uTM9sINawJwGe7dNV3zDroKg3ak67pk8KXsPXh+oMyxHdycKYmkETUGB+0EmkTFP9yHFrZt3DxZd0N2+cWOw+pZIiJkU6wlP8H1zwNRSzui+vVsUBXc7AeGIRx9C2n6eX2q9Fc81Vl7IVyr3hJInnAoFFrB7aZzy1qXpM+AdVzDrUFlOVCwHdnWzFB\/HS7p9hqqNFPASYxWm+ht1IiqqBswgJSTUniHWooUnqqiisGB7Ba46W1YlyI8D8HrcQGMnrMah7SLfHXH1pWgiO57H2QNQX\/J74osvhOXRwn+JrfXccOvdnx+dKgzjy6qTz0+jjO+AD1lejPJ+OWByBFDOxpXk9GTZvAPSWrOlZWaJChfBE4iRLzMsjrHOSrH\/8Jan6YSrkYSj0dZkVKgVSYnmqD0aMVYsOeVKVpu+iXWha07fbGiQvpi9X53nvoxyjcVvepWy0hroeYfIyFLAL6QJ24Vg2sz9zo4yEjsU9pKSJpMFszXB5RXCUcGsjqScO1YWKexT6DVFg64x0pTDlRWcCGkXpcPoqmLwrVBoWhu\/UpkpmZo2pDU9H+rIpRkq\/rp8SnLgMlLJMoJ5A\/uZBNQNFA2nRbxh6qk4XXwNsaj1NnVxF4i1Wkl5EvduqQiLXyEFEXeVzL9QdMPzZXMbfqFz7cCH8mKQ5Ml0o6hcJVANk0FXBUXGJJnJ6sKGk6MC+Pjw8awTBrkJ1JxFGNM8m8miYCEmJxqwMrWS6WV5Mi6hLJ2QsGnQT2e9B1sJ6CmodtCxEnfH8rGCU8cQKpNxskQpykuZqifycZb2C4krRI29gruYVOdJWUaUYEVimNzHWmOCP6lSQ5tWgfxbh+EOrJNVK7T4ltdfUZrFnXiGcK0kBUzTL64o\/9MiAzSmdNSVC9hPRviNw9frj3sAzV5y+x0KXwcKBi8CT4sqiLT++iKu7SmvYG0nUNOBC9tr0+mu0X4LHQNa+jZ\/WXnYsuz3k5xYuMXNuGzO\/Jsz2Ui00GoBc+PD9DMp05KM2Bt9wrNdE2cyl4gIGQpo3KF90Kh+jf7oeQIsi1S9F+2xYs6sbZtW8HtTstLxwsBNOs6sNPFyNyINIClyabzc3WEqQWjs9JKzcfiB7EsLcuuGnnb\/uFllwKQkqHYliGteiNTZ+EhBiBCK8GZ52j0sBS6Tw7wG3Ah0T2HXcUYHPOWHdGGaHmlGVTQlP0+v6\/IPdj2QouSfH\/PzJYntaMUy9yGJ4Ins9FPg0Vcs6\/EXoM0rnbadzfv4ZZtk7qP3QtjQSIoqKiTiEBZKxA\/bIKb3rOCWtIlU\/K\/q8G1NQPNctTSYjVsNNFXe9lfDfk5tBGCOzyhkTSny8OpZGrpxRKaKWGtqP+VnO4qgmwEPjc4gumpdVg5OSD6f5D729Y2KQ5k0xhEObWOhqwvPHGJVRek3TIKA1b18favCGdoECINpwUCNf0DSHZfvF8YIUHjY0XULOoOuN6Nq1xAVkaoItrFF8ztQkI1uYZN6yc8SBWPeaI+uwo71JQkZE7S+RUZ78FWlI1qOV2ZZJnpTDHXLn822pBKo1Rc00OnVLm6t5A21b53FHkO3+XmCuA6pYk+cLHl0z6zfzqlYdl8pRzfoECsq3o2M1NJrIHB0wyU2jM0Sh5feGKAdhwAa1rEm7EyC3AAwhnVZi5WsVpPkJ4iJ+va2yAOpafXhYwznph2T0CLTROOKYHtzAieP6rjvfl4WIobA40oquDr4GNe8lF+0PvTlL5zZLYNMva3WrwvgO2mJc3OSnqIvxZM00xosnZaxbJZNpc7kQQCYRUWphaj6BdvBBWpoa+6WsYuXYkU4j3ZkUCcSs8EYdtavQUE9zdcTUe2WOOqtoWO1mMdBz7Z3GfPTcO0VURER6pyZz0z0CmVzINzCCThpSdYqCqVlRagBWzv+h9ynW6+kJliKMHDy4KRDiP9HwX6zA\/mWD\/rOm+IEBk3ZIUuY9S4itdZ4rJprxXI6mzc8TLoTdUUV8TUeEmbrREeM5NTgByWYuFtfj6k5xroV+B5hZroVoRQuAYB35G1lwyBq98fU9NWNPnSfZfa1a+tGl1XUpD3tcmZZVc5g4FFL+HgzyIgprT85oFHowERzIAg9ofUcv+oW9XOdpR8IbwirwfF7183m93tP8eM7LCWpU92Dsbb8B7d\/rMFp\/dEZHv1D2YD5p9cXnvJztqJyXMt\/WCbST+LFNu4OioVjXPR\/7E95yplGfyRHU7dBnqEf65gzqF6VKhAq1GMRaQxkNd2wh1L5inwBCVdGZeoGschVnYFl3jwarwFM01XeWLOw57FtS0BxBXaOF+ytvajwkp16FYWixlhtIMoxrMsybYhSKmeJGmtwGEHewutlotNMfuQIeRs8i5DFMbkXHnfhodJFFPdxNU17AA1HHKZy9peYvTpOh7\/0EW8D43hJm+9Oct9CYSFPKAIzoThkXR3sC4FZziRfcrazcbCu8jBdfVd3EvjVnUO4LsKwW8g1cCRo\/BjVPEPttixaqhbtuKY+c0xmpfJE6dTOtFZd+p1XD7gQtLMnbtBbbHEmbK2nzJG3+evai+wRLSxY+fjtz8WMGqbW83VG0u4p2T9G+BCBVvgwY+Lu5gMA5rNZimyNpcyVtnqRtwaJR8qkliybfzVw0yaK1FtscSZsrafMkbQtRfynaL0J5GbrLUF2G5jIUX7RolHxr0arJh3OXTXKJrSWNjqzRlTV6ssYFa\/99ybp\/n73m3y17jeKQ7F+4ZmeNGle+8MBdo8ZVKDzw1qhxFQkP\/DVqnL\/7zaJjjj+bu\/ONcMhxKjexyRWbPLFpwX6TXGRLFtx\/OXPNfYK1tazVkba60lZP2roABK+oxuP89ePPZi4eJ3hbC02O2OSKTZ7YtGC1h\/N5yWrxZzNXixPMrYUmR2xyxSZPbFqwWoCKQ85fLf5s5mpxgru10OSITa7Y5IlNC1aLMtMtWS75buZ6SYq9tdjmSNpcSZsnaVuC0GAR+cKfzUVoIBAunN9PbHLFJk9sWsR6F6BexnvjD2cz3zjN4FrS6MgaXVmjJ2tcsHacG3DJ2rsPZ669S3W4ljQ6skZX1ujJGpes\/bhI4sKfzV33UZC3cJ5FsckVmzyxacFqke\/JkuWS72aulyR7XIttjqTNlbR5krYFi0ZZGpcsmnw3c9Ek3eRabHMkba6kzZO0yRfNuOSRjJMqkzWVlHKyJ5yiUtsRfmO6H5LSUt8TeWeyL5wEU9sTfmOyny5ppran7p3JvlCaTW1H6IXJXnBWTm03+I3JfkgWT21H5JXJnvIEarvJ5bHcTB8kSai2G\/LKNF7j86TpqTtwz0axjGLXzlTXzuKu3amu3cVde1Nde4u79qe69g27nlAFIU+bZbog8uVsZRDJT7uWtTrSVlfa6klbDSh0PwMNfIdJGvblTPflmPblTvflmvblTfflmfblT\/flT\/aFMuNqqRF64d6e8uX714f47Q473nd083b3Hd28131HN29039HNu4w6Aof6PsBGHd0F2KijuwAbdXQXYKOO7gJsYknR9NSZWoz6cab6ccz6caf6cc368ab68cz68af6mSZdVGZzPXc\/vrfo7qdSpE+P0724eCCcbH16GPza4kFkmhnJIPi1xYOg5O\/TY6C3Fg8R5wagivPlgDpAgwEO8IadIPnsDfaCvLh4IJwZf3oY\/No92FiS+H4JG9t\/OZON7bP5r2WtjrTVlbZ60tZJ7QqKzmhk0TQKLxkh35p3R79iPqJgoYtqvy5l5IctdY\/\/jy\/ENX5WNFI\/1oANKJM64nVBjZQ31DgTiYjl\/UBMjBSzRT6cE9uboOB2KIsnt9C69isc1Iy9v\/w+J6vEuxo5zjWt1bQfBVT40N\/kFoaneb1HHlbsZPa20TvGv+lC2Vk32alUVXoXMZagoTqAelqG3pjsB9cZ1PaD35jWnaE6hlw\/pJDjKX\/\/kperpj7EG06Xhr5Zr4Lglw3GxDOoYTmtgiSlDmeORT5arzybHYyR6pD\/LUxX0i+nZvW7lt393UBs\/13L6P5uIKz\/rmVxfzcQ0X\/XMre\/Gwjmv2vZ2t8NeFpST5LrBJ8ubZa2oRLllJdv1ULW6V2Skl0I4lnkJIoCxmDbTGQtGROj4USZVkc6MNWXPYAIHqEvJE8b4j8Mk3fMi8Mia7nyH+H+KQKozMzhfGpg4f1zsNyW7UOIZTZI\/8EFivXpmWfFiZFdMst7pMnjYYbYn5D6yCBkcnLxhimLTrC8YI7A+IO8zE3fbd7yM87Y\/slZkSZqDnT0h4R0eq6W2UHwmMiKIaRwpIstuB4TSuz\/pCxJn1O8BoeSubOPH4Lh3ECyAQ\/vVCXBofYEB2Zp8jqyCZPukFxuoC4a8ohFthuyqY8H97aM6kM\/hI7hVKhT0d1j7kjjKM\/VS7woLGUMjjq\/kxQGd8X35UGiVYVYCeMocqYwi05UpgKw6dStXeYciSAZDtnYfiZfYSSrDudAzGEyCdmZBGS4AtDnXx\/ysjnDpB0vAVxhbmP49QmC5lJD7ushv0BSV02DYKlexAv80DO82zGvAJVqYCLDQB+vn5dfPBScv6ExBBG19Zo6MIP24b\/xBYSQ259bgghDf+4FhL7hK910qW5mlxuSVBdyP6e6EJ41UiTJqgL4jOZpRiD40Ou3NH9dklHANep9laZUoOltMCBVcVTayVAuPWq1XiTtv5mWj1HfartF7DObesZneZHo7zJ3oyNmfNKv8Rbha3aKJjTg350YhtJWrJoTKIrrnaJtsThlokYJxqpwAV3xcTppho4zmacpwZOdS4TxR9\/+ItWvTHxlgSk5NL7SSfIngpON+J85d4L+JMgUI\/fM9zhK4kOOcp9Sw+MCDQuAgY9RTxfgm1VDtOJZueDwzBjqqIe8WsJA\/18CzmjQK5+1gNNkBpqUpDVM87ZRZECQaUUXZiboBvrWXE4IB0xumiGpC68z401JxqPu9z33l8IW5EVjnUD9QhcrM+rOOpFEfvrrhSSag0lVd1WrL2UKMQLzj4wT++Lvhm4MK1+RObM\/5+rCJzGIcGV8rzrzn5yDMxrnW5FfJ9HUqKcVgey8Ck3a9E4xLOi0VOPiHCq9mDWmLuxbeokZ5R5fUmKeyHSHGiBE\/\/oA2gJFXTGzwhSj77i\/HTjLAzYxKJKS1vAMQfvFcTdMxT6sVricSoscWrQoVNNt2tJKQCVmR5r44tsopbYXTRFu5uUjLM4mr\/YUFYOArAvlTf8r4vvL1dZwaj1VZXrZrf66shwC3BoJfEO3\/g9trfj20mjLkS5M941ActUITIvoPHMt0WKCAY2iJkOphRzHTo7TGXOChfdSV37wKq+7cbP+U5XaVqr+\/IlXhqfbjr4kIxFqFCMnFxSt0f4T+iUSrHH\/tqGcYHWDXUm67H1SgNP5i4\/1PFv\/9bgJ8XcT1aeGNKz1mIJHVQ7KcfUdkmLNuEds4NQUluiWRnJmU8Nt3V80fCXzt03XLt9OVMCQskdhx9UzqtGI\/J9RdmxUDgIbCwxyYhNSP+al\/qw81zPGwVmcBTrNUFiXykZFFwlwtdSIyde8McmUbJBUi0onTITW6ZexBxrpOtDXNkUFP9g9Ncz8PqAAdWAF56ypZGE4tT45LdxRpM6JPh+k8DWW6fkky1OIh66zMZ8rUqSK98a048YwqnRSE7ZUniDhddDkYuh02tjS0xv8He7YDzv6JjGZbCeoW16SyfmIy\/7xDyeY5mD15VzDDNaNVcP0ksDUOlW9Fyf6rSbbXdVYutAXFp3ECVxpz5SkyCWukIR3TasTyMvvV0QhUyRr7xn\/ruqlAKODV2rF61XgUolomKt4PSyQglZoa26iGh7yBilhUH5P3AI\/YIxSzErKEVDwIzc38kUDdaMEWHuEJ2i11eFQwFV8adsuGf+gkQhpz56JpK8qbvFUWCcgTYKMlcF7+saxlUqOrNJoVgbL0alK4deHQ1HFvd2oG53uFt2BoBidl2FR5OcGrrbBL6so+GUFWqSwY7eRZKVMkJPyypa0r9Elu16J7UvmPNi6lLEvhl1nl6L4+nBu4CWtTK1we\/RRk9QQluxkxjoz9uuRqjpjp6\/HkTldOinEN82Z08hnEWqDtDK\/rmD5+qUBGbRADYFFjA1tdd7Y2CpX09yX+gP8Gvlk6WoQezRnNaSgGCdz43luldMkr3VL678ldHxqhegt7sO7weZUWNWwrgSUr6C5Yo+jvMjbj\/2KKKNNPiZox6oxz6C03vF\/P7TkZvV0Aucij2t4KLpZqLyfOndOeY1wl7Z6EqeoGeNW1RnWOOzAOsCmvdTQIvuu9OhAtxLiTA1EOoXiuwEl5xmg1l+dCiuDMG2YWZ+r8+XcWxavbEZrt88\/\/9OcHeKDBQv4CnDO3ylDFm21RmKHqzBaz4OfKxPs\/fkgRZygiUZXtyvIwGp1N\/XAUdIihD9RsZmvbDs7M6zh7D6v6u04AfLjjCqfCy4DMs\/XGR0yGZKZnME3m5u0qp9TwTqFL\/J+cG8ZmtxsHUywng9+fbiU4BXkBarw8fB9QgbV9XMGdZuDYuyDqTukjVjhq+l1WjzalSCaUc0mARd0o6yfX2Hd5gkoehXYKU\/TQnM08UrURYiYMm34B+WJxnD9v8j8yHzGJvrZlPX220bhesOHLMywWvcgnmW17j\/6b4pWHQe4+i9mMQaOcnkBm68PVTkKOwQ9B0dH7d2PC6U1WslsLJ5AtkNed2ZAcUejgeevi+voMKGd4mTBL1sa2YdvgElfPonFfxZvIMF2V1SxS2pCOag4NXfqels+MfMNnIyNqQATkQ+Kar0h7bb0iaV6RNplTyzlI+32DHT+JS\/Trw9JdSnb+qOvPXNDVW854Gb68BGQyqPN1GvI248lVxTNiDFuf0itSjbLmJD0uDD3eqJXk4Dz1weHWomC5mkuGzMUmEmqa1Ae4Iyo2Ge2VAWSQTz3p\/FjeLarvDxf2itXsJoygOMyXSBBMxeMYKR5aoi5UKQE5a78++g\/\/fXBSw2O4I36VqWobaKAHevHfcB6QNmmBQXsHQeZV6ymTujqGjyQ+5tXg6nwoCsaRCvpQ1uKddiLYKo4ok6VX72qmWb09KrD9HsEpaNBercj\/VQGlyjeGixUZ50+yHfw3bb9+b7b06GD4zKNouk40HxuPB0eCrsD6Wcj9TyX2zWpGoMrJ6s5fzauopfBxFapydxWaXv9CaSanVhqNDHa9X0wCBGLNig\/3o6w1hDgpC0WgZ0p9ai89\/y+0uPf9PJL2mLuvZS0xSCMFHkKeZpLudPc6fpM2sKq6CrSwVPQUwuqOuBCZROs5sUfDEobsXa1u9AtCs+CuQ2vjK8HT5GZ6pF3VycYT1JRqnZ+JVpzGHVsGuPxNKE1Nq11fLMHOMJUXOZQzoSQSq+0i5lQypCrezoxzupcFR+TxQy70yUUHAymeu9+xKBM+Tp93UFuqmzoeJJq4D7R1tyt6J8OQIfiKhflehBHmNr64gHW9Tk30iLLy3SOHMSWAUaHm1LhD0rHW2oPohlZeakRdOxnwUNAFcT9ucrL4YAujf729I43HSj2+3MBEnisilQVSjXFlvQ93cwuOpPzLekMUD+H6SLj0kYLbCDUl5FFTo1WXKUf7IXRnZ\/NjA8RaqgKUs90hxkuVxrDfa37f55U5UbrdGj2ZifC00wMPlr8WZuqw67P77eZ8DIzyFCiz0myMeZfzBc2BGtScNHoE9D2m4UhmvEBU6kb0Hir5vWw0eIIemMI+qL1b05oklKF9TKhNOJZ\/g5TiSOV6\/hbP\/Js237uPJk7Rx2JvPPRcRcqCBCdjhoEKo+hzS3+SVfWwUjDOJyMfcvmWaGS03mu6IMCtdW5GUdH7XGbBuZPMD11kS+Wo8kdgDXE81aV5q+zy4tjmoscEDd6Tma8ekwov4zH6DfdnnQUHuY+JE6o3p+pv62qRs59+15\/PjzDwMVu\/Xvvmfqx8gRj1w3xA\/00JaO6zKjuRCiBKmzAxV6jeMokpZoVwyN4zXEMBJm1ikiCGvmPSmQCOnZClAf6FjT7BHGkGCHp1v+sEGXBzRKHW87ovK8PMfji2Bvy\/+ynKFo\/E+kBheRBsH+0oeM7u7ERVTvZP7q267nh2Jq0+0cv9V1\/R7dZJ\/CfVb1\/DOLQCcH4pK5Aun9M3CRMEqoV5MX+MbMzNwvG1rhI9487CFwQMY0WbNr9YwCCNPSoMWFR7B8jEGU7anY4seT+cZvFXkpPEJnJ9o\/pLna32diMJLb9ow+CgO4Zn+z9I7SjXRhTfRSNBfaPQRZlAWCb4\/1jsgNRkLDNyf5xB9A\/tjlFi4myOFP5QGM\/4a7g48N3+U66QbDp\/89+2rn8ZkIfJpnHb2bmZg5M2c1Mdsk2sWWbCXZgu8v4zfQy3\/MBv5lO4kDX5TYzhFtnu5VsZryLY2ZMvJlbsIVRIGymm4UZPY1uM4EXBk7Kb2YSJUkqbmYc+cAVN9PLtsATNxNEUehCYTO3AP0TNpPMTzDuEL\/1JkGbiVI4H46tMmKz23FEmP\/c8P8uG66g92WDytPL1bBDFKSgp7xD2tEmgSWU5eCmr3qURykK6TxKr8eVhfMNrdei\/8kEk7pAGfKco8T6ZIbkT6hbj5WXbV1pE4C4nX8Kihzzh5UNAX8eZh1Wf1256zXhDbdUOA6Chx\/yeaWizlvbnNejJrtSZeWg3+mcSmck\/aC\/piNTWETTflxfCqhShzJurVx2H3VGLb2xgIzKeos6nb3LSI8U2PaKxIR6aIu8J\/\/1bYPin9B+Ok92IPUY4s2Zlv1ke72FglgSYlCAMoGi7w+CwwxxjKywgCm1wD7vAcW+Bm5yNMtV35EEiQt0KHFUiuST3Qi+9IYLGbGLRAA0bPQ20s1IQqocGz1RceeELElsOmlewy7OgNjujGQSOVVAfnh58txpQl0m2G40z\/TZ4STC6eTBo7HYGtOhUpvm2X12y36PJukFRhzxkxHIox7Gsd1gCsg8od+qCL0BbCn6GGCq6qMqAeo7r33LS9Xl0+uy9V9bZBPNjLxdGgq0bVaWt30yChfFIHQJKYi5nUk15tp3yzSmAiFBacLWlQ1Sv1WX9usDWuDD929M9g31D0Oirh2LfgWrE66MPJ0cb+8V6xUUTj1Y1GWoh1pFDRsJAtvqlwmGGmBW3zFZDP4TFa19R2KVmS9BH5C+RQHpw68gq9mEJwG6IRljEjKBD3iHOA7MnyB01PAnJPHL7LVME0Y+VwGtVqET9Mwgi2bzwWRzc0sPCho5u8t9WbVfhpwEpG8EnWatTEzApCO464jCjlGbEiHuU3bP7nShyzpUVywP+SQNSXpYTwYv7K9KfGwn1s6zmDJWMe94xQ3PO65lt93OduYmONIBgI3XVBxE7BGAD+LqV+zKL8ZrmnyJeSHZTamZu4rmwgYBBPIXB8apbzx9X\/0qEOf1bRfJMPy97xJ5x7OuE0\/tHMCM2hV\/QiHfiOMfkYFk2ULe4uHCnsTJm993WX64smZ+igC40mQbRC90Puz15cBQVsj+bxQkmJ\/QoQfrNfVGTL1R582LFa+lTOE+p2kXOtsb8nP8uxNDUaoVkkKhf5Ad8d9reVDiWeW301iXMicR2rwKhclmP3JyHTe+2A+DIsPf+DQN4k26TGIXOt5neT04V3doM2hR\/CmEZMmBOGu+QykqEqw+Vk1Los2\/PiDyKOEmOPXKAN\/xUxyiruFrZkmNxvOSJ69D80Q3l3Ke605fhHdOAedzYaVVq3Baonw++hNLKU+im8Pa6BNMtARp3qBg0HQtRqjYT3YATz\/MM46MTGnvicz5pcxUL+pfp1MduoGt7113\/FjzrrPzx\/Q6WMajipUss6zLZ7D6r9VfCFlCBVY2Mz8dPrwOikfZUdBaNych0xEm2ltR4+Yg2RdcZ2HevjDKLqJS+aGs7oXOU\/KdHdOT0zj6A+pv5JXy\/Rvmp59IQwzq9aRFXdfbVeVXR+Znz+gOB+KnZgb+sskP15GRW6Hfq7\/29AVnEpalDWULKi6LR8FDzfJGQF9YWGiYJS07CM83rh0h+j\/IUD5WPbEyFdcRynzS7FcPXVJWcICrGoL04ZlLD1rDNjneosexp7Nf6EBCXGbw3NGU92SuzxPaL6pMBQ4CofJP0xeFyXLOsMa1PvJXnHHEVp9fPN+2Oi+saDCZ3ILo6ElA6V+dJ0\/q+Dg7rnRx2Vay3Lxox2Knfb5h7HNXv0LLS5\/pgLnhxZX9FDar5BLniRXDP3JYf7Gf3I39tN2g\/9\/Ro8SrNtqN8ysfKD8+FEz2yL6lJ+b4i9Eu17mz6qZysK9NW51VgR3P+GGF9gIlCEKxXtrenHm9ubrO6oPWOV7Ac84rRtc1quB57d5Hf4O6RlvhrgI9qqDEmuZTGjyoZ8wsOS4agcZR8tHKfvKCZkMP3TV18Ce\/9HMZ\/qzK61R0ArWtoWGvdSH2ylr2xL63gWHnWWU+ZcewzzQ\/XWn01c7lmLeyvaTKyvKI4RuWECFXbVV8dP1f6uLL43AG16aBJO6Ta+wiNo5bVikUAk+ZjF3ak1cJQSRMGik5PnR3iOj3RuM96pbB+mkMb2ChnRoLN2NTNtl+UFRLonueRwQbc2Qgt0myQuxMObZXdY5pv7ZomLhWPDkKk4NnUCLdD4kK716KawjaI1x5T26zgqBBorRVXdpVXmZ5mbfajc5q7eK7KAqlJyNDlT0KJlOoSZJbMbu6mfqECf5gEcKMPvUH6sfCkbL6akaLUM6VZTFYQn4U15Zl9ZAfKGO8Us2PzVc0XRaB3LfJveLNSIkTkbFU6kLIys6gflGQBO2Fcbc4Ocz2S+Y9BNyDMjkiOkxSj6iZZO10S4MtM5ywF0mRSjJVA679H17gR1aDE2x4knS1f9kgVvlKrbVJQAG\/OOtnmqz9CKQvPQUB\/d4PLRuKLBiU+IZ+c2I3kThH8Qhn6h\/FIoVch7UhkV4Ye5mq\/yZKV8482SrUyVZaegZOkMuJYeKnpaQ+IcopxHoxOYHUPWvi2OKwWi5hwk3+VZ40yaSeD60oJy82LNN58iT5pXpmgNrIaNZG2pEeKmhG468qyxbES\/b6jLaZ5Xfj8dVfRsDMNMrcL552XMoKRwbRFRFso29Wv9JfcnYFib6mf3KXKbdXU13LPGrgL6UG3bxSniJMf6OrpyTx8OyOhau+iRargrr54IqEnHpmGto+mpurhrZWKMKlxRglsxNMqOnSo5CI1Jj4Yg3xFPH19LJt2c64mkzCurvLtrjKMgaaFnDrO1kV+UyfLVxEBAUUE+eWIa5fFvQ\/zCug88bN8Wufff1Mr5cxEt\/H2D30HhscT4NsvoSFY4qCD8pv7sANxhZlVq8ZS4hBvcqNoj\/75JUDu7bAkb0fsnMEwWn+Vvnoq\/KL6Xcu\/Z1r\/p1Hf+eZf+fT3\/nm3wX0d4H5dyH9XWj+3Zb+bmv+XUR\/F5l\/t6O\/25l\/59jsxuu\/fDW\/AjXXjJBZ6bYrsffsN8iyNCHJoAwK4HyGoEb+UJ1aSEiacof8JAtrsBHZqbNMuTOYbl3mO3Nt7lg8TZGDySTPUt\/TqCOuc5OcTpN1nnVVomfMRZd4vu9Sm9NhAJVJRkAi9oA6vUsuQAHN9JwkKiRMKQ0Q+\/JsHNYy3j6LLL4\/JuAhnkMjVgl5YfAW+aFMqTS1JJtEQPQlosomzmeh5lvpZ2UjMii9SKlKx7GxWaiZ2gKjEgxTnShyuKk5FpL1a6rbldo87fE1sSf7Gn+9lOZuJEl54mfAa3OnxBetLj5J0qmYWwMFjTP7rtDOiQaQ2Zy0Uqg7Vwo91Z9t3D6djbLRTea\/CxeYLU\/p3eyO+mHGP6vynvZEtvYI4wJuqxSaMhGcKxaN\/LyYuJFI415I+XgZydMm\/luU61bnzIX+8zB9vc5RQfq8ClJys9rPd5Sa8T278PrW7k\/o329\/dDvysHqg9uRh2sNNB9F76WtfD3QsiedO6MgoNkyJGXxp8knrK2XDCCc86ZIrF6Z9axVNhSGftt1P3KzI3U3LLx83eu+NjR4+U7y4cfp5gsogr5vrfA\/WPhSFKLDy8tBsxllg5nTDWnmb9dUwfwPTNbJopqTv8xF26ZsW9nXMW2qWyFtA0pEmgISstTWJdCVzPR\/TpY6eEhXtloRH\/a28QPUrLefoL9VeCV1vvPXrFoV116XZZea6vARGJCu9GCbXVhub3EwZC2kpPi\/Qik24byIxbQxFqA5gtwhQXRcqrTavhjfGCz7lPE5Oy21Gr811udrid07MS85ZOEgpM2SBbjEv1086x2O1CEpLKSn2pJtegXwylgU2DN9PGTUmv2d2XqFl6xn+SaH8+W5zebkuVh0mhHXUyUnYBZHysNm59\/XMpvXnjPp8iiYzFj9V\/DKJaqPprqAKY0OKBcKOaKgvU13NdWHQqKvVabFVNFZQVpmsfSkJFToa\/mxrkMBpBZSkoq\/H1zdTC8TiOm5W71rq8PDhUJmWWheZKKzoRUQOX9Ph5FCsqXSI\/dB\/Zwj6yS5mUbXFhAZFZTWNSjvC0xjHf54RfOAHgkc1zXIgdiMItKE7c1K5EaFqgNwyv2Gtq0VS5K9wmbay4xTELBr9+yTt5Cl\/\/5KXq6Y+xMKrq230y0a+CImfkTuDB1CtOb1UFl7yfPcSZ0416OPJakFMKgu3IL5KwrA1WRm62HokwXUh6KfvmyHOM71Uw68xkUV8yVGhggecQ986VidowfdzUdWwHlsy8Pt6dEcLdP5od57DenGKChTTmpcHNmg3oMNkewUQTp+hS93s6oKbfw7MkYJN7RMsnYRh3wQwfiQBjB+Z5RVBJV2G3K9cchLF9+iTbx2W43pkQ3b59y7GkLLnd4VWSd7qGNT9xrTHvDTsfzhR5kx9t8S+N5KJ\/Mrm4rM5XktknOZ0Piu0WdoDm1bjyqefkfuF2nw70ZPOGXfFJVJZvgLmvJOUhbR205fUzw0W9y\/SE19GCugchvY0LfgtT\/+frw\/kN7qYXkHyYT2oipTIPmphfWrmfVLAAygs+vx57jSZVkyVRaMFE1\/cQb+Mb4psgkZukz5j5on4VHe+4EKpEk+mISWg0wJg3dJHDy89Wtu3r02XBs94cXM7ka5OJAqS9NPeovRlOmI6FEWeIG2KUR67JZW1dQAtfAMfQkoynoh+o34zjrTa5IgGYvfnT3G\/B1lLn9vpawAzL\/3mY6gnLSKBYxv6ybMtvoxt8Y045OmxbjpUpmMMGcpaeCa2Fmyu+VbkXI4bW7JUx77XUhGfBFdturlnb0d2CTvJCtRV9+QFqDSHGH1wVeqf8WOJAuDbX7q0dOAA31DVo+T3fFbusn4DT+C8IZVY8P93KPD\/l5YkAxHJKPcyvJXQf1hZDouUmOzQnTamR0Rvfeu6+0Z6X697\/cuoGSsgTK23USbGi8FBTdL8g4TPEzooSAK0AKc\/4\/rq0rvaElUhbWOfyDuEx\/lO\/0xVTA7JdYUlgG8snNjPVcBQLp640\/NL7wPA+kSZyxbKTZxKnVpudIvYcBBaX00Tpqjz6XGZNXs0VSGeMfquh+R8SOvTCxEDPJtwPTeRFX191VSamZ5GdD\/eTfLn9tXCTsXXh6ICiNbwlcKMM8BN9zUwBYNi9eHhWRLT0YdwdEKiWM\/Lo1LsuKrwElZdxyZHQDM65qcTrJF6SZ4aYY4O0WTt5I4flj7O0+q+QJ4dsNk8\/Av5ucI\/H9ZqCKGEgkRRY\/8yQsl7pqzr+E9EJL9Ygf3LBv1n\/cyESi6uKTpRKsTEMEvbH019CLTu+tItY4PQx62\/ZnV1usqA9R9fLGQ9Wv9oK8Vzj6THv80XaMaJ4f2DfkzVutzoi3BuVETnUCC6UUPFRdNoKl02mnFT2LTWobrBBsNX68UULv8Do8Xgo8aV9LS58rnup5bPpdMCGTirGCb56CyGQkYGVoSTmd9Fvw2cWxQmVU2hksIJnliMVo5rn5pxiohOrje0TUn+hvrRJOISm+YE+ipf4pBY1xlBZf0bU\/Pp0NrIDvt8Q1jQCB5pxMAEtGZ8Q4AyIyyBCUKaX3veIAyJQg2TmKEBRaZe5lHFoPMOZYzeFOa7MGpJBpUzSg5+hp2Fbz+dc\/8Zv47sx8LLuHUjNTV3n1Ul9VFVbiS3ffdmXr7uHfIn8hS13vY4VT7Vctw7OPnq\/MhuQvltQ74CR1GE2KIpLxplVulMd02kMAOXotVeD6NckhT52cjJ4+kMV3\/ZKNp7fkD9nHCZ8stRMdr+7Qhr+OXobo7e5uhvzpuq2FyKTVps0nST5YdLDdfSmH59h7iX9dXEjfIMUcjSU36lEuP2dciI3DQ2SOupCmEvS0urPuvL7I6rI04sG7DJy\/Ol3fzWghgz4N\/Xpsd+OMAzzj2pxqALvp95oEZJ1FtTP4K1ROc\/7jz9ouqHP+Z6wVs4ETwxHifFyWwudQYSOQeBAINL1WPfaQaJbFmC5XGWjqo\/M2uaGMSm5\/xkbJpQhRF\/MrbCosjPTd4oJtpckHLv40oRPl9K+IhINemJoY00\/8QF3CVFBT5TJOBdd0iw2CHgv5kgwnrUi\/imn9Y3wnaApP36gOby8J0q7C0vUq6KGDhD6z8R\/GWlvlVHQB4kgL0HyBEXqnQrBq4udQk\/GrlAx6zonZ0Mdsu8z+06dYeP3gd9Ohg1Xe0X1JdNMBZUBXqC4U\/fWnSpJVGZ3Lhr0RVVpZCfJ2\/KtS2e1M+LcEW8xGjo\/yHCz9w5Q\/y2k6b0xGB+2IBkkuZiDnX\/TFB40TPWJjUamPqcZJs7BYNqtqeqlvNFPs8X+Wq8PsHyIkucg+fGaqXHkri\/Mhi97l5mAwOpChySG7bPmshM3A3CLv0504yL8iI\/A5wRkpgi6OWF9uuRIkxsKgLm6E3TlZk6HSkC0Fs8Do8b+iLea9129Idjo3ln0TmiPuTdTUUaLIGgjBSxd9HIw9LU53OpFsXS+FKqNZnowQBeajUP\/yLL3U\/ofGYre\/j9xyQqOcLkhSJR80LhZDvJKmlGSUQxJZT65z6qWwbZ+JvSk1IN3Kq+P\/31J7MThoSfv2KNLtgFKtmh2\/RSWxlo2rWBipXs4eKQu+5zgEuQKL\/vblJdD31lKzkKD3WvlHvRCSo9GMsKHfyieoOpetB+iyTzpkRwmfKSesy3V+V6ekQNvHOFZ39\/Qel6b05X6cnR8ZiK7vK\/55Ptyk620b1zP0bZ7BTfdF43t53r3PRgL7qM8tvPfb704DP7Znzi07xJ7im+mSOp\/feCkBrIfJ5whXon7Ap8P4MyNeVXFN3NEn4UFZ6WHik0tnwp3Ywop4C6apF7hROhqqzSDptaLn\/Ri+LXdH4XtWrIhGCdAdJqY3nsC3bmkInog1sCQQcUJQbqRu6HQO6Uje622ajP9UaNCxsjGdyA4xYuO+zHKlwm2JFVpcwFMZ8BUzz4BizmnVXZz0Icz9DwMWy7cSBPt87Vb3VVoFrYIKbL3tOEULyvZaRRCnY1kDwJIaTAJZccGec4\/J7lcA5dk8RSTGjgG9\/c5gouAbQmlNS0L0JsGljApDWW83gYz5TpkupStrP0C\/gLAaOUiTJE9Y+tRSDnPoJcp3MQsvz5c80hCiiQyDb+cNi6t2dB+YwMfDJDm96QNVjs2CImikEONTgfl+RXTwpwOn\/Bebs2bvj6tvEiVNaZub3IOwGqcrvZuq\/HDSl4qzL\/KNxMxQuQZ60VlvvxrfyEfOhWCEdAMRZQT\/I6KeBGhVoI+zYU1UF2PrzEsePRIkjMgj1ZOdQgfm6rS3Ls7D371RmU1sd0dbUeEE95g3CmRMG4dK9xXh4U371VNRPmwudGH9xphZJjNs6TXhRWcgTlAVKsk24oNMVDkSMEvRrwXQUSZ1m+i7QpxihACQ0V1oKXOaIbqO4YlCh+L3FbwLVBjlmdP0efpOBpq5h9fSlgbTx9Wq+Ol0NftzZd5to19FiZyaEIZ8zU6bnbKN4fQb9cLQfWaQ04y6Ve8OLBJWNj5HBRYMkAGCFXu6vO1S51ReZdl5\/sUFI0iJf2TMzrU9uBLNTl9Uaj\/NgbZ5andGKGBnmYHmCjxBG0yUL4xhw0RN1r095yGgbRP+gVJm1VWzDLYNLiXixUZQyhHXmZES\/74qs0kRNUOl35St07muUQH4H24wy\/PhwQcEqU3ujhu6TgbbjyDTvCLupQ1Q9yF9H1hIi+UEKWwgWDMopUT2lVwqsuYe\/U93QV1yfVvHEuRyEXlonpFX\/ZLZn+fpKphgWIUd4DyWWsD8ro6toNw+Tl63pNO68b8cmiPtvIJnebtcPVeBvJ6NmMs40r1UqAaZSHXynhK73emB\/umtXRDBAmrq3s7cM+PP4sS\/TUdSJaRtnMZDpFthGdY0IBpjXddzNmjXVitdU29LkEu35EghJq3lY4jXTbrfHxlFqfSDa1AS+xBwaDjxbCoLXxA7d\/oFnB6klIG2ugGZcYdYYKkBr9tDyOi6SQXL5lq6emNUjVyepYI17Jiiudjq5qt00H11yYHlDbS1ldDVwwl2icSP8v6VXNsJqrwkhnh+KqdFdkIY9ZcwYQrgHkB45tYhayYhcSj0N6eNQw041cO4m2vfK1+fgMG3MdhYcFWW8wfslbHNzW\/407x1qWvftMvYAEexwQAus2T0AhineDfpnkigLlB\/Zm5z02mVP+FMKTdvkndvmePInwHSQflQwz6bTfTTRrpdHYGGOXEMQhPYM8ttvlhPLJ+qG9joLye\/I0wuctBAsxxsRtWCZ1GwN+LtHIK41FwqVdJBG\/Ji1JNE0gKVawaGtT5MgrCQl3ZZRrdgSKNMQ\/r78+1G2BIn6pOUjsYftj1bRfqA\/WLED54tgoenn9fClzVDDYivM036\/ypkICh54rgLWp4s3CUeOMV6iA\/d7fkfjCKS2YjJfBPRQ7WsCeq7o1BCyK5GcwkOchoiF3P7cjvlFss0LoQMNO6BcnV\/iUl1cZRljBBNeDP64u7VX0Mp74lqg3XnKUUBElYRoY8T7ejGj5DHvA8x27YNwl+xy+8prQ1lKWjB4eluk4+GjU61NejCOPz\/pVVhdFyhPJMClM8iavSn4sZp3CaOTpovFACxrYPqi8nYVdqC51AvXb4BljxalKISGx6AzOTnck7RPULcxAYr6kGvl3os2lPDjOVfFxqMov9srejH73Fr5g1isbe8LjH91ftv3Lxl6RrBSG+PQO6yRvRFDOBmLTAsRRpMYLTgpwoQeWYfPk2Die77uQN0WeMqZTJSODHKIZ5D9mJNHENXgww1jO0vjEcWEoDR38+oB0oAgzm\/Z6G\/no+svLf6urA9JLjICf5xGg7VKc6Pz+3kDedklOmnZj+BEi7OnE+FN5WMrKOg\/6b5Ub1OTyMX9IZWJB+ptzXormTusE3tcrdNhQ2eoun9APOhFN9+mVTTDT+5K1l7pcq3yZ\/qiq0xQ3ARnkRP5Lel7NpwROI49Jmw2u+0kO+GOOIw1sRr9maSCe6JUSmXmlzL028FyqS3u+mKiqRHe2aFCujSUhl4iBC+tHIzfIvMxvxDTZYybCn1cN7cK\/BToJinBDmyuCkERqlCqcJkubDB0+naxSYbbq1z31+RLbFfMxttBxc5i2z\/VdvPIjy8qDKq2HzrRFVpUEIC9NJS3O0KOjju5aHm44FarwKUgrVImd7dc2TUZxmT+dcxhKusqnkxA84uQRhJ+XAQKb3nLa80EVKUr70s2wIPoTI3\/7y3VS19S9io5Y8wbOo9HJnljVlGlujvWMGCmvyxJj4KLQR49R+Ua3a7yVfijIni5Ym73P88bREjjEGV54V3Kq+AJWWwuQnPa11tbGDhbC7lw1GhONQEi8T8gXok75weCPJLVKsFC93Z2XYZjPMaQYDI6CSEgebCPf6pEuVGcomT4xbEkmjlXORglwFcNIJooIgiY2hrwt2kO4LZ3swXS8KzkyDSwyJlmJTBGKlSmWs\/oLM7W1PLWK4mXVVGALroJt5l5+5ehONfPIRjwyd\/kusjNpJrJKVfI5eTq4qJMhdVavCVdU2ualsSD6+smKN0R48w3h628IaR0Yg5DbHoB6+6\/GKMfZbhXDvLzOcu9HOLVBpt9O0bZeOVmt7FqNHuiZBjkcsZS9ZozrJ4AfieyzL3BNX+ahpqIzlkHuIJ9OYcsaSN27xsssz2RrwkSYpD3QAHmWq9fC8NUqaRZyxEVevjQbZbe4Ypc8RY6uwxW4TvnLm0TtkfgUhTFUnn7C7IR2k5znbS518zDOodYNSbCBDCys4FKmEKdvJlMYfg65FZ9cpbl2WJJp2PG8W\/5SUBiBqt2aARrxbCV4ne+y56yfle4un+S6ouL3hyR1qtPXWSWv0qxE6mwvTBiHifvARBSdMRNbX8p5l4jiuE65JPtzN+JWLUp9KVdcjkJ3YQg\/Kqr6IovsGxMWEgUwuyUSMGnmitOv\/taFOKAotofvEm1sl1xFRQfl6Ur6jLcqcQDUL+q4FiqqS9CX+xKnjhle8XjglZlq3mYV7q7anYTz2nC0dTX0ksyl7A0fdzFgyG0jNDtl7BumpE8QpkaTVd0c1cGcdM11B5yjE\/bmpn7l4MycglBF\/giBeG9BTLzXsqpqjdQc7IsKCjylbP\/pNBHNGpfynik2zCBl\/RC35nss4AGWqXqiHcslaLafOZHNZrdESFQhzUrB1q1Q8Ud6p1\/tuiYyJ4K4usxLaUC6JaykSaoMlVPqlNq\/H+cem7t6at6mEqW7t3gD\/v\/tfQmP48iV5l\/hymig1E2mqbOyU6jCdNvj8YxhrzHeXazRzl1QUkhkJUXSJJWZ1UTNb1+8CB5xH5QyK3vRNuxSkoz7evGO73N2tjRW9zJHPXk+Gnc97GDEt9nK2iAtSe6ZRwohvnCO4YXyYrSeedcvrfPLG+dop+ip0T5n8vxAv2X0Zuqmbxd7aiwjzQzLJ5SfL5imSjartNLQUKoyrFfjammzLtic6ThfnQ9nXSszxvuoSRliODEElN\/3812svOEWIMcKUSRjLUA4N2\/baHiWiER0FTNbltcMUYD65DOYFlFRAZHpGCAHXZ6dsfalDajUilTqf5dTGx0tqfYe1VGSVs1VFRE4544ywUpBDtFrONQRNOJE+LFjDhDws24ppJhOE8qzo2w0dhWbNt3ddSbCtvvwbdGGXFjI6QKwWCajPq6RnoBXMppxBXWBeJd6HXDZPthVX716xjbsBptJqTCakF1L2H6JJ+h3ZIp+580ZY+ZialB4LSQ79W2o3Knr5ITgS9nSgaURtGxHrf9M\/5g3N81DDPcupaERLxusstLW0vMUPSLjXVOGmWVSji7k98+5Sc7W1PPj4OuibexMl4kA\/c7C8Zv0E4s3AqStAi1YDzjwiwtQUKmeugaCAJUduUZe7lejXHu7B95yaWCnkWu3L9mHN9ey+xskF8yJ3qiYY2Cs0qioEN5q8C9LvX3Hte5rX+8bi8UiztMxfg+di1GXU50XhqoDKFMdfwWfOLf2GXiCe7w1fWv3N7tGpenVSPbaTNttMgIP5TMozAWpzI1gwaKwdqdRWytt8nhJXjl0KurPCtxJpcHNCcxGO7FGThLo1McEPdlJ8iUqUFS\/I3JKkqZ+K4xgIxQWRqbWLr\/gCGp9Q9aESBtYVixd96E27X2XnJMLsiU4bO\/s7B5jREnRHjXSa\/\/Iizwqy7wcg4U6HyLCoD5dWEE4X9xgtNJGB4qqmDyzQ7kRTZk6B3p1mCLMQEILxaidVsP5xs6H0NVw1K9GM1HREA2w1DRGoVSXdfP79XuLXqbb\/T58jHUhSPZXV+a+xHeihlHTN0LxSlHBtdSRnG2jPEXpdVBdtFyAGm4\/LUMYZ7NumQRl5H0Xsd6ryW112LIQ39AemGG1oSIwmUlYlBD9o5l0vtJcrZYGVX5dLZ2jb2swNNqGfCtVLIymFmmaKIKjLdhHUFHRCPC6uDNG4\/bxRuKd\/cUWmIT2HoFznZAm+GOSQ62UyTkEFetiNemG8uSgKkZ\/B98YCqpgbiaVKD9MsCcCHjUGw8YWzUWBFdO6kHWc57ll38jTOfUN3gt9LfGr+q2vdLbwtap\/X62o13u1+9qQJwuuCjvSC6wo8PWIYr4eccs3gDuxE6ZII7jYPCvOgLukeneXRtnxXVROffLrXE6nDathuWOFyaiMtkD8TguXsk8UZeJSDpGhkENkKOIQTe0bdYjo5nnwSa948xnYY59GzfNp6ESfRUzy6ZCJwTuetr74MpWyL17p\/V7LMxVw+rBtgL+xqwjYt\/ukccF\/KqL9x0LlwIzPhMbFnNcmMQn9veyYZJSIrpEc8Ql3l+WwwfXHHD7ZJ\/fTRgrHipMEsQ\/izJTnEIU\/iR9LsEVx9JhAdTVsyySzZ+7aZxka1ib+eFOdSO3RaYv2e7S\/bySRs3zwuCz8Ft8imDAg56K9m+pEQrHoEnsWaZbgYtSdSj9mfCHCuGHeCNX1EFQ1HB4HfubN5+Gp8nbnbbILtujnBJXvbuZ+6If+bOpt8zrmoDhITocyp0BgQyli89\/fQVu\/1Pnw4WzDLdMv7uDXYig8BUbriK2doefaGqd7IyKBL721G4RNI6M8DsBdJXRBiunrLvMM2owGtPFuINM6Oo6HtuNsMJbAds6u6VcH5r4mvt1VEHaYKcouXNhBgWilMsHmwIcAm0NN3E67GczDLzoH36Mee\/IFIG20taE8j+2QahYDNoorGA1f4hunPtfyzOA99iIdhHh06PbtpxjJIf2V+I0imAg8NzAA0ITqfeiBvdHWyRLLk91YTXMe6VtlhdXOEVmYw4Y\/dDmYC9gVAM5CNz7kXMqze+pgvnCSkHEXZp5C5ibkbU2nt4uKAkUl+PfdwfUQ3Hw21DMiY4lUVbg7qMfEZIG3V\/JTGvZKgO6GxWfEus2fpOpJLmgP4AqvBETNRXPPHYOZsW6z1ZFESXrfjCJO7JESOKEfMgF9aaTkVeTLH7ys+kKsVH18PoxyQLxjkWhM3nl\/TN6dzZPC+bb3vZfnjIEZhl2xgovrZ4ngFFowVw1TN7jFcuMtc2SYQGg\/VSgqd7GqNhwLVb\/PziQ48bIYGAlLpZxWJPwqiFDWEdpqWkw8AsnPuBGdqSl\/1ve2rTkal7Q7V6I1eqa0Rn\/C4J9uQdMkjSFC5BNMfacIkU\/HDjSeO4NDz0gMLXBQfi3YItzsxiBV8B402nIkypv361u1HgDzxFkxTOLtXBMqK3oeLfSGOKpZ4CP5RauMtozJbs0\/CnMbyvb6dB+5CNvJvRyoSXmfobbkItk93Lcbe+jN2OPQhAfE58MeSMPGRlP7yoEinArAZ4diq+XOwIWBNfateC1ayl\/q\/rgcSMG5SAVdu8If0urmJjJQC27woRbpIEiklpHqhN8qXmGIjcHbuIUnHNBsZOVlz8FTqw99OgV1fi6T7PhhAvFX7Ut8P0Z11eA1lKT4VqFW8pI0kFGQUXvt6\/jpJa1+aWC1bfVN1kGWVPVrrvoaYpuVIautDMRkKafqNGXV\/ZXs8qwxL\/o4SrBrnZLolz3xFORMVAUgsBZmc9f6BaM0Cm2jLi3qZblNueL0vAw5OttDo8NGqGwKspaJgABAEb\/FwOv0WSFqwuYqwALO4dbGXkPXxUt4ED7BOsMBdclqoVmftIaBysmb3YIVAys+LlBkcE2xUGe0ssls9vm\/wCUiL4JeUVYNe6M6R1UljAbZ9lecdL+2WffrU\/\/dz3H36yGfTrldd7zVtDo1QVCd2lG5sxg2qYF1gzMBtGMhC\/yUz4cAIwvujBZyshXsd3vxW0sNAe3Vz4pW+lLhSi7W0M7z8kGRe4vB87u7LTrkJVK\/J8QR9lfb6uTdYSXUu3juxws\/XvqFf079PPUPyfFcoqnsBhXqs8Lppw0f5qdP1PqSRD4Gt\/GJatH\/qY62WHNxP7W9e\/cT2toVvDqRq5ojthGLJWGISrHEQWJiRVcjCc7HQBdAHxAFxABURK4hElTGEZBx1Ul+M72YNPASDj1FRelr8ViImdbJ\/+Vqx3OUq0gQDFzl1SmAYILq1c2EY7i3usrqL1sGcgtKSRleFyFSOIiUDLHWsXvSFrfipuFu7iyMSssi12WyG785qylsKnmeVi+FSjf\/irvxITpdA7EVdAhKxNZx6JqLue36+soQrVdZfjQU65glBek5z4NDlGK4GD0F8MYWLagtxLvJLoCeU6vS4chB6SUT6EIggasYBEgrWou1r\/oAW9R08\/3N27uU0\/2Lts0UOuX3c5lKen57K5cFlWQLmrkkzUYWdmMaSKuc5vOlUu4Xgz6sLqIetv+\/wwKyP18\/PvkL7BDKqEnINyscaPl+\/Rj7t3ApVQ0E9v6UuMXaqG665PZGPujFOjoiGVKpoOoxXZe7jfRYRttNnZ93cWvzufOKKAs+b\/q7mqk6V7jjBepLHi7CI7V2Z09XZIr96CtN4GOo8P+xG1epE1adYzq6FB1w\/rJLxlOSpsEuBnDY9uCEbVVViNPESW\/QoOsPFkvsvBB2fkywaoDENvyG0RjYkSFfKCBc5jq6UGuMND0BHnt41kpNSNREdYuvl7SrVbKpK5M+NtQQhHgQXsUUQ7XStFcoZoSyTceyEafVa8JA6CO2Qfaq05ekpnSQs3onn7m6qoHOIfirMFwq6orZLK15JgTtm4oZYAwd5i9NYwBdZ3VlcccJq05SPFcBixUedPEYu3MJPfA7KGtDOBLxCcgRIN6suieQ8w7mI644\/fRTDmcOeazHn61OcJPaNW4Ur1peEvt7b3g1Y+bLTBDomZdTIkHuCi+LEfMNZ3cRiHB1ejOEWm1V5L3TNlLCjXwb7tGRYnwmgwsOvFFZyU2g7Tbgq\/vUV6sS\/NG61+VStr\/C0y+qG9hLbPOEy0CIJdEv4OWbus07+i1YswuRLr9Eo7WtM6f7wrbOusY1UqmWixKzFKCTIM98iYipqvZrhbT8GsdiG8fSDcq141j6wbaKYwHLpwWFsjPptzV98hjr2DUokW3ZV6pTkOXH1JljemG65iym18HntABiu2xL\/qJ2ztRq7K7Oxfyq9NJtC40Mz+1348iV28SvRK5MzOcX0\/BuXo9gt+2fgby2bQKnvrTyfa9OOA+FIKzTb45i5XtTWpr0sbEAS8Ufelu+d8fMsyJq8UrNRR6UkT8yiqDXoK\/rK\/Wx84UxYrjLOBitsh6P3i7Jivi\/9deDyXeTjZ4NXEuV4G5jJPX5CZbZvbpW\/5jPZ\/OJ6qxtzGiUI2oGXJ9epKeboIRtl\/sEyXoU3GvfZd45HXl8tOnTxJ37d7H+ZiqLxOrcnjR73DaqMCi8DXEoXcmbIq980zcZOlpA2PFJVB5hLMi4hjd0eDUwppzVZ0lp6RUwU7uVcKZbweFuMYbTTVHdY3499GOXrtSHFLkytuKGyJea6uKszuYlPWrLlA1omHu\/9ZYXXVuMI1yVu8ZpP7NZvKmonpJYjOdLKzqluYJMiVbzamXtjvboEJ0+TDpBciSbEpNXnJfJz4AHoMit09IPMSjjy9qVeVWNZGoCDWpUl8kzRn4VXBXMd6\/lVJttI4DtV6iISghz6BZuH1NhufeTjL2O8EmE0B9B9SFkKxHVMdBeBw+5af8NqmSPlIj7Q7YdPt\/dISmrGrTC6b6RXedDs9nxVO3yAl3FSbNXrjH244VlHDfN+2mL7dfXf7BK2uvdTH3s69\/vmzHsCqyOwC6R3WRwB5uwUGIyFhwYOp4dYpvXdX6S69Ps6i3nuiTb+FOZ1LD4Tjmsi77sMt0oDTHizXY+invWMtaQag+4q2nGQUBQN2m9lHuRTmspczdiBKSlMtRgmNii\/V1ulReM9yIxhqmsS2wdXMd3gqR8KomehxD3vbkkvF1YDKdkv1dK5NJpL3pW4n68JAplTxMaq4WiWyXxNi1ISHcno4Zln9e09JKgEvxYP6tCExzzoyWr8RYri3pLpK5Ofb2SuxyyGXCilFl8KuVqfHp68GZ12WQBmCys4mrjN96B6euLBqhghKRmYrxYyZnMNLUALbPbJYmkWjoy7DE+BazFw8rrDQqVMkFedJjjbDt9ngyhYpTTmZ3HCd0kC1XPRkH\/t+CCLi31q788Ava21i9JwA6j8qaI0+3FoVdhMB\/KkZIna5PoELlgz3HjbO9SNNpul6Z8wrpEa+L0LmcZ77adRXQUqbHTbUzDkKSMETyXVuZ97MnF7Dbfeas5xHWwVDHMzbO\/7SzsEA1ECHMpwS6\/+ViGLC6mrh5N17Ce25AuaQbHaSm0sBev69euq0vdmPCCRhkQ1VBCjAjhykbVrQc15ZfOScZmgMAhnj+l9NjiX9Q59T6C9qcD+KfZQz3zgclqWtT+I0GjPwStO9MFdDFoGgY2nqZAG89lwzHWua5chXetF3OgyXTpa3XpgwZXh23GZ4ibM2a+q9jOuvDxcdhrvkbYdCVQEwPZ7UMRZYfHXBdVLsOZcuGSnPtMBaZugegSs58RT5QSVLQB0PVFUIISi6S2NAepsIvPHhEs20W62gbH4nn0sU3cau\/zQ1B\/LlBj3UBNJl19hohhbf1xdLFsxqmBny2iVsUw2wXIaf56\/hj7qyUOxZVYVVaaCVSnjchUqfI3F+9IcnTZ170x0sflMDzhxnHJab0duT2ZC2XVO58NnhrWG5spp94RQTLFLA3T2o9HnlQr+qQa5cHsfSt4L29suBuq0+sTm1WnFyY2q062xGadFdRv9y6\/i4z1u3BSf7hD+KIH2fQiOD03ErIOEsvX4jyp3\/raO7ivdbb1tfcZeyI9hjyx62o7ikZJyHIA5xoO8lXFHv4CCCfASnw6BZ8MOiD4Bj0ntcVn9BVZ89kuzSvkcpUmdoTkdEJllTyie0pHckie0X5AMBj4kinwNzlwwuMTj5ywf4yN4Qx2rtB8hSUQHqRSOjQGu+uUtCiC0aHJ3DWvS0ZLIQ5h4wqNyGGZW7d9Uided75NxQKkckAvA81A0MI+Ud4sXDL2I4ce72oENyq\/00BMR3cVrCJCytd2+lQ2khQhkSoATFAbYmgcWVjY\/35HQsKYNXJKsndrMLf4WN2Il4wX4OBEVexaa\/Cr7hu71SbcgkzLT0m1qFBWGqrpQrHoMDe6nBVQOTZJFetFjB8FwPYRyhxTae9hfL440oAKFJYUt+QwyafU00PVnrDCIJDb0vKWnn\/7x9gLiLPC1H+\/DpUgRaOrYRUppZJnpaWwp54d4BFc9lVam8oY5KTcnwh1bq9Mam9ifq9CYmqq33RWV4lA9lcYisoiflSttT\/tp\/J4zsWKBHT6\/YY3PHPYjVnAXUdtV3ctb60hxHNJZiCRuKdhBb1sa29fcDv1UrVTU6ddCOccHHNYEQY0TmpNlbIzPnbTCQuP\/gDIO7W\/riozZ2BtJSxoLtnxKMFzFcGM6hzmYYBn753S4\/7p8d+kLldOUgGoXa3mCXG+kBK2wEy5nQszZQmSAT1V1t0kgR9OPDq66rPKVd5jbnRu3o3iEmlIW6H0I2uad5bUICtYDy1c46BKnF6viQzyIZAIzdbhwHvGcxKNHhI9XpC\/NBy2kskPt8amPSa+\/94hca\/jpIXXeajYDwUMBPw53n81QG\/MDLei8VNXlsKsciBgUuUHIohsnWNUELlMr1j+wtLH4I\/6Q2IeCteg0cHc8qtGV\/w33ndd6RQ2g32wP9975O84amHuqN7ktWQUPThfnONFexDsZCO2lLNV4xgcmlBWgwuOV7zbSYFhD+l5iM3AwSl5fpdkXlUet75UzPLW4Tc+NWenTmWmj6q5T0xbnfwWtlw89lDq8nFO9qlRtJ02V5xYpMDhttSpLhjGY3tjr1rYlCzmuUoU5LcE+rnccNXPKyz+XSoRra4jw+BdRtja3vOSjbZhoqlLcO+TCzIaZ1y7k3ms+CA95oSxbh9RRxlursLiN\/bgukujPnpqdHv6k4uxTTJDRXQrnFJutcKqV+01Ufi7B3LlDpi\/v5uFq2+m19rE5VMTn2G42iA9h7zn3TCU11BqDhc4OC7J7onPlgtNd9dSFNiiFznicSm2YeXfww4q3nivWALZxGg58oqZY4zWi7OWwmabDQwGZXmoDK+vzmld0dDsOG6i1Q8ZWXiuhK3EBhVeEeC1bZ+T72ebhvwWCScvgcMylHhOpURYIg6Ko7e+jecF3epj3ujlWgG24o2QcSyN2HNWgSRsX3ShfRZem3b5Xczv7ab469a4xdyXq8Fl+P3WfucuBfXqSbAo+J1ZzkE3qVHjs4cLRziuZlzTEbItpjqp1FYxoaszrQYNtV5wmlxEyV95OGlykdF4G+ahwYZDN\/G14wV13YVlBGOA0tx89i2n6pnjVC25bDdtxlBFqQJe6BCtETg7avwrk7MlDn4iEqbCblbkRbBtxP53xM7mABwWTtFgXS0xNoMDEvDFMA50wQ4RB9sjpkd5RL4Yhm4mThtJU946QGydxK0iL2QHjHHeFPkAHGfHAkonuQgQrsg59DU7ZvdxSOdCYQTCm770q9G81Quq0NqIb2WaKVr5uxSuzX1ohykIVoLBENLC5StSX1mbqXUdKTLpDQ1X+4IPSbEFRydISGiDmOlmtFVwhekFWrttic1xTNgB5JChR1SOwv00nb0g1o2DqhRChkfhhOkkKZZZTDxIBCyN7+djBDZwWLeFN0yyvWwTtsbMH0RUTIQmrvGZ2oCPS295CZQBtOy0ulUNizvqNC6cUgiLi02ushYu6lwVF+GIMdO7mXbD4pwt8WWz4xrTZIN1xLpTY0mfGjqUbiE4U2LuXNOeDt94gcf7ObwiqYK9OxNnfeWB6wWDKmbrk4PeYwVBkuLkXaCZBvye9pXqHg1ZeGEFj13GHG4dvF3WJw8wFDcWSqiZQVlmeaOtzFLLtK9Vhrg28BrOfPTWpnebU4lEXDD\/rdyioPx0PLX0i0V52fSgi5Bv2FSCuJEFQ7wfc+xxhjkOtoCyCGkIAxRI+czBV9UlqnexbVCsvsbBsVGUadyRxhQ36iZrtCV0UST2UfQ6vRAAAbCmVHACklv0mMET\/YausFyGA+AiKhKduIapSYctF6XFvU99j7JjdET7+ymR3qleovhMXAslceSaTW9h6GzjUpJ6Ma6Esx27pdOITDTNmYtblqGxd3FUveuD+DCMjt9D30zZyI1pcxXj1lXkjlGNxcBObf3mo3MYaO6kB9U1GYRG6GrPZWOFsLNcigg7a4Nx+VApNNeNMpTFwvRhyHu4B1wQrgba3It9TImWiO0y4hpyIW+SBvMCb2iiT8KIIBmrkZP7\/1\/TtsRYAziNBJ6s4cUWFKpwi4xdLB806IADzIj9FbKqozrZSbyMNHcJ2bVBer\/g9tuQdYW9k4+GEH27GS3eut6fGDXYBTcboXs73SIh40HZvldeaKZqGy3l7hxpnGCXtROrquTuKivnzJT7pA5uBORazzb2wOamwnjc8feAMn9y8xd0vmmU+dM4wVE4eNdjdF7UGS612YlelmGoZPo0Tb4ObsYYiGfKSIucM8pMT01srEcNb0d1JtSNvCs\/TFL0iAD1V1Qprx1zb6UW7Lnyz3OCavpI0quDrqL6erG6OoV3yp33XHrlamEVVxOJ3NvAdpQaS4UvyucCdomXY52fdzE2VhsYoERmYGIPJyvwMoM4ferjDYfsxvjOoiXLpvGalSRtWUc\/in9+mBRplE3uOZwAG7JGVQlplGGqEhYva2NLGymqyuZGctBRKIR9ReVgRg53ky4jJRyEqqvgAsBZaln9RPTcnbOa3uaNNIqwBjX3G3FHZMmLyJ8ljI6K5aTYRnBKYH57BzfYYpeXGSpFSgeFoqe35cst\/Kw\/HlXtmXHWKOpHLjHK2s3ltVN2n7Eem+shnhdw\/beou3Unzm0rfw3ylUKDWylvmXphqbJJH2U6RrzlJj\/jxduNRv5sy1daHEtWzR9yTtEuzO7qK+7MgodFw2pNHRYipYgLbOQXddeyorNNN5hQ6DkCAREqUwuJLOkOmtuti+siGoYo+\/wUoxLpyW5lvLZSIlwpe6kGtL9I270Ub9fgpvWANGNIPuhPu0FGu1mulCXc7JPTIAzfhLfqL+O8bthKUD3HFX6z3pgU\/0GRNXYO70Xm7ZJyB27CyqNF0T291yBfv6W6LEhIY2vPYCJJpxFXHY4qHiDjgvbyT4oXK0ltm2wNwf+zfQJz6FOe4LvwOdu7uI8UGbHHtP2n2gIz4FaOk7rrZstRVooBOD8ss8sGTsjPGmu8yLjpulBREORPxXXJ1uxDidyYyhxpAjTtdUeQL6SotIzBdaBF6BSVc6VVhW2Y5UlJKuIlvMgq4FNx6K1aTiJaRU+l82a34ak1gF5mI+hrbRGgSG4I0Wz2+b8+TKo6L4IexLSa3BuyMyCBxkmH\/7nNul+nHh00Q92vTz1O6M9x9+sh737V8dvADh283bqgoJdyAhZ8CMC8Asl87O2rMAwvMbzN9+Hjk9kj1xXezF5JT4OLUWqRqUJ5LygwKSukzpPN+46Vub715tML0DIk0IMGwzuBD1riymgv3zj3DH2YpKDrmNBQFVahAm9mqMjtn9X4XzBYOh0DqUAWlWX+dN8L6\/RhBDFMEil2ob+OyEVctXMt8StRhByaMNDZdCLH\/EQLgkptJJ0PgIb12UXoUmjUPkqIeHoTY29oMVm\/FtONC2+JROT7tpGTUQ1P9QvG4Oby7RC80ufYtOWAS0ZHCsO7Z7jnCufM7qG5NJP4fNo2WpHGRA9EYoNtC2y1XQ6OQyAHRlsV40aB4G0ljqpqjg7ZSaqnKUE2sCZhs91ocIlwFJBfjTsih3XergHMg8a9XevWEc3Zc7BHqACRH\/Se3d5X5wXnJkvoe9VAbX1GhjsLc0PZRhWCWg6Qi0yZuBaE6Iz0NXmgvJDEUVJCdlN9S2MOcUChQCZYA\/x5wpgkVmEoCoY3szk6aRirHNEL+nozhIvq+2Dfi1ZAB\/oSo8aVkBv\/vUe7vGwpDs7ZHuFB4V+pduhuEPstC6frs+kntOReZ7Gb0Y1ro7Sc8QboLL7CQn1oxs6g4Fnui7Ho5jU1z0eXIeem7YRS6vBURpjDzXVXvyP2wdCaYDt7Dp5OwRal+dNH+OOUBlleI36xd228WUko3r78C4heUZKh0oNMaYH6e\/CKkMrTqpIF1QT4tHjvbSr\/dAp2JdonddVQRpcui\/UXZR6UvP50Cg7nNG2xnO\/gd7UrEcqmXXn7fPfQ\/Y7quky2Zs1LipogSFE7gXvmj6R9IJnh7vjAxm2GAiNZYx35SqrctGA8vIZzsY2eKEXet77i+d3dFh3yEqnfk2uB3KCjKO0Oq\/3fxXM\/XviFn6f+OfXTxN+n\/r7293v\/kKB0X6HaJ17aUykyjj5znOnUKjg8RV5XYDN4nttRWaXIs9cMDrXbnus6z\/zIT7LiXPstCm1HyPJTHW3x7el+aruL97PeetdOkRQi2wboYjVV\/SH3Ck1RgLbyGRQcU8WLWPEcpZEqr\/2DJWmnvJKD4g\/16r5Dr+5DVfdr3yv+krr7VfS\/srRT95Fmt40kTSK1FPV4BtJQZaey5+0wCRQJBDQYHK\/LnTTzjRsXuaIsBX8Q9AaEBgjim6AT\/D6UM\/SmWDioz9VlJohewLeSIynidftqwlQVYg3bwN7edcUdTcvywmwC+jD4GViKNm0zW5d1rN7+MKmyqKjivAZ\/rK7OeAveR1WM9qpRLV8QCsihPXH+ZNwVW2GVUcSZAgFJ1l6eNi5kmKC1Cg5J3XFiYjR8OS+mttg0sSsWe1GxIo9hJRGgiq8eL9VNXH49c9vbcjVqO4tFInjci0Ua7ZBACsHwBXBzljxg2wdQ6GK7qEOdq3IS5JkvaXwnfq57LDz74y9gFE42W+qClQPYWQGhBib68NWUo4V\/oaDmFAH\/ignO0lbiC45pY7oF2O82sFc7HmUWoI5txo01iIcFwtaaRTdnxjR8qUPMeE8yQ0Myh7vZJabtug4oxxm2qU3vYdGegxS55c8vVhtGVnugEOqcKh9V73AFyAV7F6PdA9pPp8aJ63BeawsiJ\/pTY3KTgnyyxsabOkVBmokMw\/NdLIKzLuzBWRVuegqWFGiUhBpMvTausxiusg7aHlqaHBmDahejE7rzsMXX20flg6Ir9lGNnMVwVV716M1qNnUT4lXnX53ZV0HlTiqdGSKowtqEVvh2Js2qnzQ2qLoOJ9+2zuCfZCuw2bP60FulAmNbZ4AdJbKks5vsWpfBJfs8JN8nVbRN0V6+s3ZvTcCK1uJN399tCuUmdZTOZfXn\/RLgQ2fNSVr+doJH2M\/OqKzb\/5dOTfIZyvbqjyxKpoAQmYIhX0Oxqk+kdohgVlj0nQNGpxXqJvuRMHWMQi8LKWbPgdcy3oNVwV+Ej0\/+4lbF2Zii4BQlmbYUju7TXtB+dL6S8BDOVls33qyCLaqfEMoskH2vFUACkyfOn7LGyk3VpG\/jaAN6HL+oKtAO1led5Hfe3PutN5MEhxn5k2m3IUuzAqkTUQ2d8j36MDmm+RaWBE0fvGGDAIsoCz7r8ruCSjxQ68RxER5pdWNgov5mYwOrh1dI4Z7X5lzB9MGmgbbbOwcR+o3a2ADFtjtUJPHt10RlUWmPZVRr4ySspnmXWyqJYOOlcOrGMFdl98BkAneIqYP3\/8z6Inh6+IjvNVgDlNREix+l+bR5RLs6LwN0OHTDE1S7KAUphhSmzLF1q4yjAn2YlEl2nNx\/JH78iqKUvU\/aLdZEXbbX5t7mSVMsdFlr0xNhSdUn+iARZaYQzoDD8tkh1Zsy+mQvU5mrDpK+JZDeJjkfHlI8b0ZPQjBMaMNrdItJHXojBNMYg2AFU5OtJyjeTLYorbRMOVKAAcvDK5XljN28wLPqUPfgBhTeXDBbykBjMdv3CAYVavBfUU+24H3JYFwk1zrR8qIIalR08M95ftLGIEgjf5mO0wHLzqcmAiNNvajbkDoSAVqaRjqJrFY4ThAnnNHge3MT+N5cYqhkIPe8b1nxFqiEMSKHMTz0zWgmqOmqG4B2J4efHyZpHu3xZi7i1wjokiqWWuq5sPxXKhHwbp+U78o6nRorRuWpz1KSCyrLvJzcix7wotf7Sjlrkz2yvc2xZkL2QsFfMWjseldCWpXKELM3GG215A443PZU5srFBbc8o\/5GL23HzYjIRCyDZLWrI+wXpfOMOXpc7NyRhdUpT0rE22kXjm4oquhyVQ1SBWWDcBQK9mNVjqWdquX7XWyyrytL8Pb1yJkCaffNNXuwKnf26nIBPlSYqJSsw09oYSKo\/a5VLiqP1bg9TW4lZnc6aVSWie+JVKpd\/K4wiyCdJlXd8IDzj6gksSPBFsXRYwK923oNi\/VW1epU1J8bi+3xGiYXmCRNBPeQMxyxKlwQq3UFm4jRcUXC8MD1C4DFOusArflF7NQO0C2dAVXmaaSe6Ml2rtrXrLWuUPolVhFIb68J77yzgyo\/1Jb4XIviGXvg292wWdlLUzuhnMCtINJzL6qeTGrBVm5yeFqsrnpwqrw6q+YSilTj+YU1FnyA05gtp3dWbH0V69x7RGVy+AyytzJEyNvnda32XHyiMCU3ZmvkxqS9JM+G7b2dTcriJeoqSqWkSFaC+7fbNmYQyCFHr6NFM0uT+q03ZB3FeDuzxQVRtUhWyuUFDQi29j7xodoRfnOJg3Na0j6o5mhFlV+EhaxuWC6EJcDox3fJ2djfnfhbvTPKYGfyHAv03V1\/RYJt0V4mu8mGm6suJyzj8WiJGCZDis28+v57bdeo0N5a188RQqgYTxCqg02I6\/MFQ8MYg62N2ap5feqcuVTBJLXyRe8GJkiTdn5SWin2UMqhBgQnKSPRYGdA1\/kZuRpuWWMyRP3NdNpdrf52ptffzqam1jGKWilBhYRukrvhr7UTNk0aJUzqzOYU9HXnjG\/ecuWr8RJ8JYjaE5CQNj1okhrYt8cDwJGblI7xkDyjvQT5Yz5bvl\/eLtbLtXDtenzizd2PMf9k\/xjb0u9J0G21d2F3JR3beCpgtbFpmiIk9lC4+Rzi5bC2py7ui8BOckoJlQ9QwJiJrtj\/VFmAjv\/KgTzquOUySlKb2rlEgY8OLsJVYqdSV0\/ivtMXrThLsucgq5IjBp\/v\/8AGZH4BSxKjvAkClP8aHu0WHo1yeXg0PNeFR5P3ruHRKFeFR9tHQQ95OERBo9whknkogY9kHh\/C3M9M6xBmlL9ICPMow4+ifvK4Z5Qr4p6hRYrnqrhnlINy8YLAZ5RfO\/CZtLttJWlTW82rRD7j7FlTxjB3FAleLfIZt\/OkGvTLIp\/bWWAKKQ5\/0QHFbSMvDiiW5gOXmTRF+8m9b5sEVTWcrJCGL1upEoQp\/0JBxCTrVw8ibov9NYh4fBAxdOFXCCKmjtUXDyJG+a9BVK8ZREX6e7Strk3+BiOY4BR1iGAin\/fzzyaCiU3ymhFMXMlfO4KJrc6bimCCKr18BBPKnSOYiIpJ6ldmZ2VH+ajYJltGjxeKV2pr3SrDol39YVKiCtWYZM6BSBGmnCpaiR0F2cHIqqCHQ670b73feovpqwQ3dU2gdeRVHe0eRB35GpTkoSzKaUOHQelKaeOR4O\/FnsP51rm\/XyV+CeXBIY1qI+sVzrBr0a7MqwrwMhU5vqTvPmTv5rsfesFsHn5zESqTWeq8vqf+XIb6ai87KB3UUW52UJ+\/qoP6\/0+e6V3PX9d1G+XA2bVFRpgbV89na982ft9drdXtt3My\/5r+5Vgu2r0xr1FSqY\/4LulssNcoF82IRqqN9kXcUFudpnmmsp08rgnYB1XhM\/lSfqCaqpBdIc+MjKYDIaDePdKkG6XcI5VVMHlGGvWv1dOo6AJBETC3C93FJbYITEq75wgwJlqZYlWLpB7dbo6SyTEawuQUqqhvGZ0UoGFUN9oLQ5pSvC1rOhdGQ230UanXq4YXjizVdsY94sRttiwhEuDaf8eKK5oFjnfvyjd8cIDIpusUirPie2aM+hIyGoSWc\/VhAk9AM663g0oS7vKsQlk9pKSIZf4xX\/8Qet5EU4s7EqVgYacM8sJOfyAe495qFzsR2WkcnRxHcnMxIgheZdkRNfpL33x5\/T0vL7z8XOOtlzNKSv3BLVDXQNCg1YFcYMOVO19Vg+PIiLHFOGNBemTMLfanhzq\/xM0J6PKNHspszWmwYCmBwtqIlx69rRU+IMz463q0tzn+cj3a2wZ8dY92MMBv06f+ohA8a5WD9TalyOXSqKhAO9D+usrWWG9TbxcVcNFu6P2HsUIqVRvjZAgoE9wj6tiv99PGWp\/hxngqtqZjTe6e1nmhqWG9py0S3N5s5CRSKyYeRf2huGsL+qwlN8\/nFjw\/wqxc3ipn5S8quqEzh4z1eu\/0Lm8hukFUHXQhTs6RDZ0X2Ah1iHX8wuB1cUHnj3LGdzA0qJzxuWPM1x0UvnmdXN8lHTwlR7mk32TPcXBIjjLPSIqczYqY7RKdsKpqrHcilhoM4INalmyPOM3ShzWRrPuF2TLhjeahiwPwFDeajcQtdhly8iNDthkOikFjPGNbCZonfqniiW958CRAVjo6sCH\/m7rQwmAZ04sxqeYiTw0nuYkmnLF1wt6X8Efqk3\/m5N9otyM\/QNImvyBIdPg1fAFci+RX9c+pIYaUlKR4Adk2KrRAgUmPA+hTljY3ZmmdF\/SFAiWOzB4+o+5vSBiVJSyQhbdQZQ89qukaeC+UjlMJ5d6sVGVgYkyHJigrG+epBCGyN3npsfTs67vPawP6oyYl7jE2Nekv5Yr4Z+NY8bk6K2XpG8tBVOb9kOW7B5ve1y3Dbf7sq1+Rue4ywBeu075Mccks1bMQUondrK2o+4opG\/fzAlh\/XWffLipkt25a34YRS0JGaJm3TxxZZU0qqFF6bzzxy51wCAshOxpcB8M5\/NqMT9LQQUWsmzLQjYiczJgphdMqT\/NGEJdW61BFpUoy76fXHR+UJaZqvbFms8\/\/Bf5Y0R7cNfHAyLzcdV972LWoejz6IEx86+\/yPfKLEvkP271fRafCb22ODaMH+F+o3EdZ5E9+qB+SrMoz74+fC1Sm6Agy3sT\/H1GcnyL\/hzKJUh\/8XYMKADe8\/5acirysIxkrN1PN\/ecqRc9JZNco7uuRjZr89wJlvydZ7SZ+18bxjehWKAbnwJJagTkv98B5We\/9OvbxPP\/nOa+Rf0iOrX7Kj2c+CQWLl3688uM1iGdBivYI\/0Cf0bbMn3zsUdXFX7W8qlcphM3Y+3baQNx1t9Chdbin\/ZlpblJ7EtcDupp19YAoNmpPI9r7mzU69Z5CuCrwkT+bTu0Hho07unRsIq7jpg0f10Qq2y29MmDf++FNuEInh\/qTKyN4tXF114zp0Jopo+ODXFxLJrfUy8sm+biWXkqm04jCcTb2ZcfJMcbsOESFVLUVEAqeqsMdhwmAD04q+ham8SkqH5hJLMRELmUniKKSaZI9QB2jl6sOaCE08EkjehaHjULHEnryccnEsNPF9Rs+pnU4KqOdNpHfRtH20bNlnqIPE\/J0ct\/9XUfbyf20DfdgRpJY0K7XIrEZDZvD3W8Oh30kU3ewZ3FUPmBVVxlV4CbO+i7d\/SbE\/9lwYj73nJV178rjNno3X6387n\/hzWo13QjXO6gi\/GcjkXfZd21AfNskjgRLTn\/FHWwwoppm0oXRzWSey5oZ+vi\/N2tp++he4ttHv+vaB092OxnJl6GBVZ0XQa+PhdX1re+cQu0jYk5Joug5jTA9h3ntMf1O8EXErh4Oa3aPguQUHfttPjkd\/SLZ1ecS+Y\/JHgEdBGwzSYp5K8ilZGwBP2Gj+LcfJoPSmbxkXAHJI6GtkjtFqxMMYlS2Bg98GlY7lCHq7zI6BfEM\/3yKyfP2hCQBKdsojbIdMhSAQSnq6IilsKGYXliFUvo\/nuJWsBPuR+vlLt5QhRclquvPhrKH8oYGoTKf9h+R2Iuqf9v+LSlfEQpxldI+wgOgPiP\/NBJXP6OBbim1vmPVPAdXNAtFuJjyFKUi2rJgOB7bAW3D8L9RCUB2g9PJa3WqYGXBoVUXNcuxCi0tSdcHcPmcysZaNjYOgJwDyM3HbxvSyLhMsgeFYzWHiQO4M+g4Nt3AjyAi9nYK5w54lv67m3U9QhfzgIJ0YmMKKbKawdhIXGfAOyQqK6RCJlLUvavUmqvkmqpk\/5J+IFH3DBgaA0rGgJwxoGnIkDPKc\/erHr7bt2ga3aVGegGdNvHnIkad\/2JPENU9xQ\/JH2CuTpNTAq4dUVndeWu59eLFGkJdjqhqn6LsLE75bYmih+ApL\/cbmzPoxercyuV13Ivm7aVeWV+7yjGFTju3IFqdA78fkt0DKsnlVa5LCG\/CpQwk5UU6hJztW77t7abFjaikTl19cHP\/yVzF8T8V9v0NZ\/86If\/+rv33h\/bf24kqU3DW1WUahj\/8+I95OP8DyWn+h3+E4Y8\/csX8fqLrx6H3mD4zlzvB\/9qV1vW\/a6ZDj+maIJnfmlEYKtr1Pvn3+4nqcpjG2D\/pbnazWm26J+ACAVMV0HXwM2Ln7p+vu0tK+5wYmu6kPp6k8lE5lZi6foJ395ov2pkSmRJLvyCvzsaSz+W0YbEd7ib\/\/uOfvb+m6Nn7W5RV3g9ltAWFMvt44k\/+ktc598nf0DFH3v\/8916FPvk3hH6OvL+W+YTSQW+GEjuD06sWCuafVytxmGS3kjm2XEkn2Uo+yVa9d+HnrI5RlVS9Fwb2QOLeUQBq5NUjgCVkdZCdT6hMdnCXzkD2zs6nipxbrRwKZinYtxUHRDdpscj4m\/8rm2QW3\/TT15iN9pt+Ihuzob4RD6YND\/SlEv\/7hiXVO2yb6e0yYKR5jEof7sr4EMSv4cc5S\/C\/2fnk93CK8Pa++\/N8uvd\/2qVRVX37YYJfTegH5yxh\/s7Op8m9tKVfv1aebtsbBvTX7tN2n3zjHybyr92n7T72YON2\/D\/nWc5v9f32fk7w5\/iG60\/+9gf4OPhPdDynUTnxf5dnVZ5Gld9\/IzqAn7MEKhtsk31y5yXwfW3cSkQbEFGit0fCvXExjc\/gbFkD1new19KzZ5e\/CsMpq63pvxyOPh+OvqmpT7Y+OfjgPrMfsDpTdETZ3tghI1OfbcrWd0WbEnrC1ET9bdnUxJGpzzZlN8oxBHnGn93cGht3E0dVMOjpOunC71XGtA6vfQlLWvKaeosffJj0T+zkhzdUnfNX6Z3GQmFK6vdzbLo2\/ByL14a\/oOdz5f0V0H\/+9jthdxUfTfzJX5Ps+IcoO5K3f0zK6JhkrbT9bz9O\/MmfE8DlyQ+19\/fojyhhxPHf\/cefSLq\/5edyh7w\/RtlQlP6y8farSg6sN13P4WLzXnaxcbw8v9y9hiDOgr4Lkz8nu7o1HZzrnFFja5aDcUlT31x6tYCsfhXutMIdu\/3YCHcwgV9bsGsH8kpi1dpWrJpu7KygdB2vIOysdcJOW8yFAsd7YwFv9kj9ZFTjfYpMmrj\/+Ktkv2d2ePrvP0UPZ+\/f8jpOdqCY+svEn\/y9ezDx\/4yS8nPO7\/1Qgoua7ivWSKbD+zrVGXMOfg39nvU5uAGtX\/clBuIu4hIA711sSN2cNp6c1DeXnpyfftUqmU5OdpexOTlhyr\/2yfkp+ioKCdnJqVoMprq\/tPrgU\/TCJ+qn6G2fqA+56UR9yE0n6p\/+U3Jg\/FAUKfL+9vvubPgLgkXx5yg9nrP+eODOBcjI5eB8+YJl5+OLlvoLPgbpJf6AUBFEaep+2D3k5sOO+ubSww6y+vWw0x527AZgc9jBxH7tw64dyLdw2Jnq+NKHWlvMyx1qbQFv9lCLE9OhFiemQ+336DHKomNUJlpvBuazP+VxkuV5yT79SwLXgQh7Oricbq9YA9kx9zrFU+fd6k07dmjmmvG8or659LyCrH49r7TnFbu2bc4rera+9rnVDugbshq3NXrpU6ot5tJTStYQUsA2M50C20xif+t3th9RdoxS2e7Xb3M\/RtkxjZz2+BfKv7V0XT3zcfvzUr4\/L7\/C\/rzNzPsz9c2l+zNk9ev+rN2f2VUn358lE\/m1N+Z2JK+0MS+vsDG3NbrCxrzUbcxtMS+xMZOIBwhS5ucXnlDdVIO\/2oYIS76OtjDieM3r1z+J5NiTqZzW5ZA\/TID7aWM9H7oQsLKL0NjF6BH\/2CdUtqcEyFzu\/Zv0vIPYTvw9QSrgngHeQv8IMivzjPuwe8p8esofkTTDc0EeT3tWh6baRbB7BjMpXFMXz4rjWFsolD64NTmU0YkMUZofc2pg8qGRp6hIk22Jjmlwigr88SE5QnLSQ1FZ41+nqBBrpQsKBNBJoCEKIOy1RAecS\/c7+iku0eH\/fJj85pCV6ADXwz5vOT+uvh\/wuJ6liE0QQjkW9hPnGuwogEpJCRjCUckm10alDYwxBBRqgLe0RYnqQLzU9XyKo5qq6ijMKMhHAiLZI9yG3\/SxdS1GJAV\/q2S9j85B9OyO\/bcxARhCxmnmBAN4s7TKNRLh\/XocfTbHuVV+2V6Ci9ZxwMjrT4EiW6LRkYK0decqoaF9IdnVjQk0mgEvA3wvV4A2PIjbEUieeK4mx6zh4dPGgBRCZhiLllqzmi+fOs5EvHrnSxUgWBCdW7SAc\/CYJzvA\/90lKNuhyX0XkseCGKt4xyzygr3qY7xwGzKMNycGJs7l7O0ZRK3L9tkZS0Vh0Y0QFS\/hB8W0DNab9r+0zFSo9CDfd1S53wNMmyqmuCvcVMgtBCd2tNtrzEcKFGEi+fUXdSuBn9RXvsWg3nbdVUfbqqOONLOnDGkMRKXu8MM9\/HuXRAmI11ahiYoCRSWo1TsWIgqUmaElCvn6DFhHVAw5XwPgxx2Cz4EWpKdXbClMMBX2zVxO4GwApbdgTumb2gL8OPMa9BkQEt8KpWhXUyy+en4Jps8EHl\/9Nt\/Wm0FcUs9XzLds9ymmsLH9uHo82n66e1TBQ83FuYu\/nNrBJPV1wfy2jPh2ARY5A\/qNIT3GIZK3vWQtmwmA3aMIIEi5sE9yUsXhISjPqS1iM2QiyIBtFnOHPGoWbPfw0Ml5ghhivHeqCynzp5QvJske5h0fPAZ6lWwkmqbX180vzSh0b06A3Ikiavs3TM9POZzQePLRj3dwHOCn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auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n2048i3g.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-scene nx-es-scene\" data-scene=\"text\" data-ground=\"none\" data-es-org=\"gcri\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-scene-title\"><div class=\"nx-scene-intro nx-es-intro\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><abbr title=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\">GCRI<\/abbr> \u00b7 Water Nexus<\/p><span class=\"nx-scene-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h1 id=\"nx-scene-title\" class=\"nx-scene-title\">Water utilities<\/h1><p class=\"nx-scene-lede\">A water utility turns raw water into a safe supply at the tap and returns used water to the environment treated. Its performance is measured in continuity, quality, losses and cost, and its failures under heat, drought, flood and power loss are among the most direct ways <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 systemic-risk\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"Risk that the failure or disruption of parts of an interconnected system propagates through its dependencies to impair the functioning of the whole, often beyond the sector or place where it began. It arises from\u2026\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">systemic risk<\/a> reaches households. This page sets out what a utility depends on, how its state is measured, and what the evidence serves.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\">Make an enquiry <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/topics\/\">Back to Topics<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-1-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Register<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-1\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Water utilities on the record.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-es-fig\" data-es-layout=\"console\"><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Dossier<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Water Nexus \u00b7 topic<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-question\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">The question<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 mechanisms<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-field\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Field<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">hexagonal field plate<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">7<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-sources\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Sources<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">5<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-decisions\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Decision holders<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">3<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-methods\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Methods<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\"><span class=\"nx-register-num\">5<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-question\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">The question<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Water utilities: how the risk develops.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Utility asset condition and continuity during outages. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"2\"><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"4.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m10.2 6.3-3.9 3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"4.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"M7 12h10\"\/><circle cx=\"19.5\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m13.8 17.7 3.9-3.9\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"19.5\" r=\"2.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Dependence on energy<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Pumping and treatment are among the largest electricity users in many cities. A grid interruption becomes a supply interruption within hours unless storage and backup power are in place.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 12h-2.48a2 2 0 0 0-1.93 1.46l-2.35 8.36a.25.25 0 0 1-.48 0L9.24 2.18a.25.25 0 0 0-.48 0l-2.35 8.36A2 2 0 0 1 4.49 12H2\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Losses and leakage<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h85\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.water-systems.chronic-network-leakage\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Water and wastewater system failure\" data-td=\"Persistent loss of treated water from ageing pipes that wastes supply and energy, lowers pressure and lets contaminants in.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H85\" data-tr=\"draft\">Non-revenue water<\/a>, the share produced but not billed, is often a third or more of production. Leakage wastes energy and treated water and hides the true margin of supply.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83Z\"\/><path d=\"m22 17.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 17.65\"\/><path d=\"m22 12.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 12.65\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Source stress<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Drought lowers raw-water availability and raises its temperature and contaminant concentration; flood brings turbidity and pathogens that overwhelm treatment.<\/p><\/div><div><div class=\"nx-glyph-row\"><span class=\"nx-glyph\" data-tone=\"accent\"><svg class=\"nx-i\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"6\"\/><path d=\"M18.09 10.37A6 6 0 1 1 10.34 18\"\/><path d=\"M7 6h1v4\"\/><path d=\"m16.71 13.88.7.71-2.82 2.82\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanism<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Assets and finance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Buried assets age unseen. Tariffs below cost defer renewal, and deferred renewal raises failure rates. Readiness evidence links the engineering state to the financial one.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-field\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Geography<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Water now in the Nile Basin.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Night lights, flood water and population density over the Nile Basin, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-cmap-field\" data-nx-map=\"ctx-field\" data-cmap=\"nile-basin:water\" data-ml-feeds=\"eonet|https:\/\/eonet.gsfc.nasa.gov\/api\/v3\/events\" data-ml-src=\"water\" data-ml-plan=\"p-b709fee6\" data-ml-relief=\"1.3\" data-ml-view=\"3d\" data-ml-ctx=\"theme:water\" data-ml-list=\"gibs.energy.ntl gibs.water.flood gibs.health.people gibs.water.imerg gibs.water.true gibs.water.rzsm ev.eonet r.dswxs1 r.dist r.hls f.flood r.imerg r.smap r.labels\" data-ml-tools=\"inspect measure compare aoi export\"><div class=\"nx-wm\" data-nx-water=\"ctx-water\" data-wm-domain=\"ctx-water\" data-wm-tiles=\"on\" data-wm-flat=\"on\" data-wm-focus=\"22,-4,40,32\" data-ws-live=\"off\" data-claim=\"INTEGRATED\" data-wm-panel=\"closed\" data-wm-mode=\"2d\"><div class=\"nx-wm-stage\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"application\" aria-roledescription=\"interactive map\" aria-label=\"Water now, the Nile Basin: satellite and model layers from NASA on a 3D terrain of ASTER GDEM elevation. Arrow keys move; with Shift they turn and tilt in 3D; plus and minus zoom, 0 resets; I inspects, question mark lists the keys.\" aria-describedby=\"nx-wm-help\"><canvas class=\"nx-wm-canvas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/canvas><p class=\"nx-wm-noscript\">The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-presets\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Quick views\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"flood,people||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">People and floods<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"flood,ntl||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Floods and lights<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ntl,people||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Lights and people<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-preset\" data-wm-preset=\"ntl||||\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Night lights<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel\" id=\"nx-wm-panel\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Map layers\"><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-panel-title\">Layers <span class=\"nx-wm-count\">3<\/span><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-panel-close\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-label=\"Close the layer list\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-panel-body\"><div class=\"nx-wm-group\"><p class=\"nx-wm-group-title\">Water now, for this page<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"ntl\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"20\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.9\" data-wm-short=\"Night lights\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LAADS DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Night-time lights, daily<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LAADS DAAC VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ntl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\" data-wm-unit=\"nW\/(cm\u00b2 sr)\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"ntl\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.energy.ntl\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) (NASA LAADS DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LAADS DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-12<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 500 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite night-time radiance for the date shown; lights are a proxy for electricity use and outages, not a measurement of supply or access.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"flood\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"21\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-short=\"Flood water\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Flood water, 3-day composite<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS Global Flood Product \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"flood\">14 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"flood\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.flood\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed (clouds leave gaps)<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS Global Flood Product (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"people\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-wm-z=\"22\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-op=\"0.8\" data-wm-short=\"Population density\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)\" data-wm-kind=\"Census-based estimate, static (2020)\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Population density, 2020<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University) Gridded Population of the World v4.11 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"estimated\" data-wm-lic=\"CC BY 4.0\" data-wm-unit=\"people\/km\u00b2\">Estimated<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"people\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.health.people\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Estimated<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University))<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>null; Census-based estimate, static (2020)<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 1 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Census-based estimate of people per square kilometre in 2020, shown as exposure context; not a count of people affected by any hazard.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"imerg\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"23\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-short=\"Precipitation\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA GES DISC\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite estimate, near real time\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Precipitation rate, daily mean<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA GES DISC GPM IMERG \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"imerg\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"estimated\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Estimated<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"imerg\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.imerg\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Estimated<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>GPM IMERG (NASA GES DISC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA GES DISC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite estimate, near real time<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-12<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 2 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite estimate, near real time. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"5\" data-wm-lag=\"1\" data-wm-op=\"0.6\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA LANCE\" data-wm-kind=\"Satellite image\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">True colour<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA LANCE VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"observed\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Observed<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"true\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.true\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Observed<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA LANCE<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Satellite image<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-14<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 250 m grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-layer\" data-wm-toggle=\"rzsm\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-wm-z=\"25\" data-wm-lag=\"0\" data-wm-short=\"Soil moisture, root zone\" data-wm-prov=\"NASA NSIDC DAAC\" data-wm-kind=\"Model with satellite data assimilated\"><span class=\"nx-wm-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-text\"><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-name\">Root-zone soil moisture, 0 to 100 cm<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\">NASA NSIDC DAAC SMAP Level 4 \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"rzsm\">11 Oct 2026<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-layer-src\" data-wm-ep=\"modelled\" data-wm-lic=\"NASA open data\">Modelled<\/span><\/span><\/button><div class=\"nx-wm-tools\" data-wm-tools=\"rzsm\" hidden><\/div><details class=\"nx-wm-prov\" data-wm-prov-for=\"gibs.water.rzsm\"><summary>About this layer<\/summary><dl class=\"nx-wm-prov-list\"><dt>Evidence<\/dt><dd>Modelled<\/dd><dt>Source<\/dt><dd>SMAP Level 4 (NASA NSIDC DAAC)<\/dd><dt>Provider<\/dt><dd>NASA NSIDC DAAC<\/dd><dt>Licence<\/dt><dd><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA open data<\/a><\/dd><dt>Vintage<\/dt><dd>daily; Model with satellite data assimilated<\/dd><dt>Newest at build<\/dt><dd>2026-10-11<\/dd><dt>Resolution<\/dt><dd>about 2 km grid<\/dd><dt>Uncertainty<\/dt><dd>Model with satellite data assimilated. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.<\/dd><dt>Reached through<\/dt><dd>gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map<\/dd><\/dl><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-rail\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\" aria-label=\"Map controls\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-open\" data-wm-act=\"panel\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-panel\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Layers\" title=\"Layers\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2.5l-6.5 3.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5zm-6.5 6.5 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5m-13 2.8 6.5 3.5 6.5-3.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"tools\" aria-controls=\"nx-wm-menu\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Expert tools\" title=\"Expert tools\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3 4.5l10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-10 3.5 10 0m-7.5-8.5 0 3m5 .5 0 3m-3.5.5 0 3\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-sep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"in\" aria-label=\"Zoom in\" title=\"Zoom in\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 3v10M3 8h10\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"out\" aria-label=\"Zoom out\" title=\"Zoom out\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3 8h10\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"reset\" aria-label=\"Reset the view\" title=\"Reset the view\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.2 8a4.8 4.8 0 1 0 1.5-3.5M3.2 2.6v2.6h2.6\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"full\" aria-label=\"Full screen\" title=\"Full screen\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M2.5 6l0-3.5 3.5 0m7.5 3.5 0-3.5-3.5 0m-7.5 7.5 0 3.5 3.5 0m7.5-3.5 0 3.5-3.5 0\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-menu\" id=\"nx-wm-menu\" role=\"menu\" aria-label=\"Expert tools\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"inspect\">Inspect a point<kbd>I<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"measure\">Measure distance<kbd>M<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitemcheckbox\" aria-checked=\"false\" data-wm-tool=\"compare\">Compare two dates<kbd>C<\/kbd><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"share\">Copy a link to this view<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"png\">Export as PNG with credits<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"xt\" data-wm-xt=\"NxAjSJ6JoGGZsXu22d+kvA4nR9AJ6Njy+\/Xy2FIyELw=\">More expert tools<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-menu-item\" role=\"menuitem\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\">Keyboard shortcuts<kbd>?<\/kbd><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-keys\" role=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Keyboard shortcuts\" hidden><p class=\"nx-wm-keys-title\">Keyboard, with the map focused<\/p><dl class=\"nx-wm-keys-list\"><\/dl><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon nx-wm-keys-close\" data-wm-tool=\"keys\" aria-label=\"Close the shortcuts\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-hint\" hidden>Hold Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll to zoom<\/p><p class=\"nx-wm-toolbar\" role=\"status\" hidden><\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-tip\" role=\"tooltip\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin\" hidden><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-head\"><p class=\"nx-wm-pin-title\"><\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-act=\"unpin\" aria-label=\"Close the card\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.5 3.5l9 9M12.5 3.5l-9 9\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-chart\"><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-pin-body\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-dock\"><div class=\"nx-wm-time\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Imagery date\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"prev\" aria-label=\"One day earlier\">\u2039<\/button><p class=\"nx-wm-time-label\">Latest available<\/p><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-icon\" data-wm-step=\"next\" aria-label=\"One day later\">\u203a<\/button><span class=\"nx-wm-track\" role=\"slider\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Imagery date, up to 30 days back\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"30\" aria-valuenow=\"30\" aria-valuetext=\"Latest available\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-wm-latest\" data-wm-step=\"latest\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Latest<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-wm-chips\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Legends\"><\/div><p class=\"nx-wm-attrib\">NASA GIBS \/ EOSDIS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) \u00b7 Blue Marble (NASA) \u00b7 \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) \u00b7 Natural Earth<\/p><div class=\"nx-wm-legends\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-container nx-wm-below\"><p class=\"nx-wm-status\" role=\"status\">Loading the latest NASA imagery.<\/p><p id=\"nx-wm-help\" class=\"nx-wm-help\">Drag to move. Ctrl or \u2318 and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.<\/p><p class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Water now, framed on the Nile Basin.<\/span><span data-honesty=\"true\">Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.<\/span><\/p><details class=\"nx-wm-credits\"><summary><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-line\">Data: NASA GIBS \u00b7 ASTER GDEM \u00b7 Blue Marble \u00b7 <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors<\/a> \u00b7 Natural Earth \u00b7 NASA EONET \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DSWx-S1 \u00b7 NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT<\/span><span class=\"nx-wm-credits-more\">Sources and licences<\/span><\/summary><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.field-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.water-layers\">We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.laads.black-marble\">VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.lance.viirs-water\">VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"sedac.gpw-v4\">Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7927\/H49C6VHW\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.7927\/H49C6VHW<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gpm.imerg\">GPM IMERG precipitation, NASA Precipitation Processing System; distributed by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.smap.l4\">SMAP Level 4 soil moisture and snow mass, NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office; distributed by the NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa-meti.aster-gdem-v3\">ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA\/METI\/AIST\/Japan Spacesystems and U.S.\/Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.5067\/ASTER\/ASTGTM.003<\/a>. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"naturalearth.all-scales\">Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalearthdata.com\/about\/terms-of-use\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Public domain<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.gibs.reference-osm\">\u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">ODbL<\/a><\/li><li data-wm-credit=\"nasa.earth-observatory.blue-marble\">Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into hexagonal cells where shown (modified). <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthdata.nasa.gov\/engage\/open-data-services-software-policies\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA open data<\/a><\/li><li>Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, \u00a9 OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.<\/li><li><\/li><li>Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.<\/li><li>Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DSWx-S1 (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel-1 data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA&#8217;s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA&#8217;s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).<\/li><li>River discharge forecast, 30 days with range (GloFAS via Open-Meteo): Contains modified Copernicus Emergency Management Service information 2026; not a flood warning.<\/li><li>Past year, daily temperature (ERA5 via Open-Meteo): Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2026.<\/li><li>Past year, daily temperature and sunshine (NASA POWER): These data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science\/Applied Science Program..<\/li><li>Weather data by Open-Meteo.com (https:\/\/open-meteo.com\/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/).<\/li><li>Optional layers (14 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"nx-wm-credit\"><strong>Layers and dates<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"nx-wm-credit-list\"><li>Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"ntl\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"flood\">14 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"people\">static<\/span><\/li><li>Precipitation rate, daily mean: GPM IMERG, NASA GES DISC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"imerg\">12 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"true\">13 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><li>Root-zone soil moisture, 0 to 100 cm: SMAP Level 4, NASA NSIDC DAAC \u00b7 <span data-wm-date=\"rzsm\">11 Oct 2026<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/details><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot nx-live-slot--map\" data-nxf-slot=\"map\" data-nxf-kind=\"map\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G01\/topics\/water-utilities\/#map\" data-nxf-title=\"Water Nexus live map\" data-nxf-height=\"560\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-couplings\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Couplings<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">A utility sits on top of energy, chemicals, data and finance.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th>Domain<\/th><th>How it couples here<\/th><th>What to watch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Energy<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Electricity is often one of a utility&#8217;s largest operating costs, and supply interruptions stop service within hours.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Energy intensity in kilowatt-hours per cubic metre; backup duration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Health<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Hospitals, clinics and care homes depend on continuous pressure. See <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/health-nexus\/topics\/healthcare-infrastructure\/\">healthcare infrastructure<\/a>.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Priority customers mapped to supply zones<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Food<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Food processing and urban markets need reliable supply and safe water.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Industrial demand in drought restrictions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Domain\">Biodiversity<\/td><td data-label=\"How it couples here\">Source protection and catchment management reduce treatment cost and risk.<\/td><td data-label=\"What to watch\">Source water quality trends<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"nx-p\">Utility performance is reported with indicators such as <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h85\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.water-systems.chronic-network-leakage\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Water and wastewater system failure\" data-td=\"Persistent loss of treated water from ageing pipes that wastes supply and energy, lowers pressure and lets contaminants in.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H85\" data-tr=\"draft\">non-revenue water<\/a> as a share of system input volume, continuity of supply in hours per day and unplanned interruptions per thousand connections, defined in the IWA Performance Indicators (third edition, 2016) and the ISO 24510 series.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-instrument\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-ns-layout=\"es-wide\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">A cascade through interdependent networks.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">A <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 hazard-footprint\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"The mapped area and intensity field of a particular hazard event, used to overlay exposure and compute consequences.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">hazard footprint<\/a> takes out co-located assets in every layer; fragmentation, dependency between layers and overload of the survivors then spread the failure. The 3D view separates the layers by depth. Teaching model with stated illustrative values, not a prediction. The map on this page shows The Nile Basin; the model itself is not tied to a place.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><figure class=\"nx-in nx-fk\" id=\"nx-in-water-nexus-topics-water-utilities-0\" data-nxi=\"cascade\" data-nxi-id=\"cascade\" data-nxi-z=\"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\" aria-label=\"A cascade through interdependent networks\"><div class=\"nx-in-body\"><div class=\"nx-in-main\"><div class=\"nx-in-tabs\" data-nxi-tabs=\"true\" aria-label=\"Views of the model\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"result\">Result<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"layers\">Layers in 3D<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"fan\">Uncertainty<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"tornado\">Sensitivity<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-tab\" data-nxi-view=\"loops\">Loops<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-stage\" id=\"nx-in-water-nexus-topics-water-utilities-0-stage\" data-nxi-stage=\"true\" data-view=\"result\"><svg class=\"nx-in-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 720 340\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Cascade by layer\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"nx-in-tip\" data-nxi-tip=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><div class=\"nx-in-bar\" data-nxi-bar=\"true\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Play over time\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-prev=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step back\">&#8249;<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-play=\"true\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Play<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-next=\"true\" aria-label=\"Step forward\">&#8250;<\/button><span class=\"nx-in-step\" data-nxi-step=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-in-side\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><div class=\"nx-in-ctl\" data-nxi-ctl=\"true\"><dl class=\"nx-in-pv\"><div><dt>Assets per layer<\/dt><dd>18<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Hazard footprint<\/dt><dd>8% of area<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Assets that depend on another layer<\/dt><dd>60%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Spare capacity (tolerance)<\/dt><dd>30%<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Readouts<\/p><dl class=\"nx-in-out\" data-nxi-out=\"true\" aria-live=\"polite\"><div><dt>Assets hit by the hazard<\/dt><dd>7%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Assets still working<\/dt><dd>46%<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Amplification of the initial damage<\/dt><dd>7.3 times<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Steps to settle<\/dt><dd>3<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/div><details class=\"nx-in-more\"><summary>Numbers, methods and sources<\/summary><div class=\"nx-in-more-in\"><div class=\"nx-in-tblw\" data-nxi-table=\"true\"><table class=\"nx-in-tbl\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Step<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Water working (%)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Power working (%)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Telecoms working (%)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">0<\/th><td>94<\/td><td>83<\/td><td>100<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">1<\/th><td>61<\/td><td>39<\/td><td>78<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">2<\/th><td>56<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>78<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">3<\/th><td>50<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>67<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-in-btn\" data-nxi-csv=\"true\" hidden>Download the numbers (CSV)<\/button><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Methods<\/h4><ol class=\"nx-in-meth\"><li>Interdependent networks <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Buldyrev and others (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464<\/span><\/li><li>Overload cascades <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Motter and Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66<\/span><\/li><li>Betweenness load <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25<\/span><\/li><li>Multilayer networks <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Kivela and others (2014), Journal of Complex Networks 2<\/span><\/li><li>Infrastructure interdependencies <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Rinaldi, Peerenboom and Kelly (2001), IEEE Control Systems 21(6)<\/span><\/li><li>Uncertainty fan (parameter Monte Carlo) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333<\/span><\/li><li>One-at-a-time sensitivity (tornado) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h4 class=\"nx-h4\">Data<\/h4><p class=\"nx-p\">The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page&#8217;s map can draw:<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-src\"><li>Major roads <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Railways <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Seaports <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Airports <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Urban extents <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">Natural Earth<\/span><\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">NASA\/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP) \u00b7 register nasa.gibs.context-live-layers<\/span><\/li><li>Natural events (NASA EONET) <span class=\"nx-in-cite\">NASA EONET \u00b7 register nasa.eonet.events<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/details><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\">A cascade through interdependent networks. Illustrative teaching model: it runs on the values set by the controls, not on measured data. Methods: Interdependent networks (Buldyrev and others (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464); Overload cascades (Motter and Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66); Betweenness load (Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25).<\/figcaption><div class=\"nx-in-pls\"><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Across the six pillars, led by Nexus Consortium<\/p><ul class=\"nx-in-pl\" aria-label=\"Where this instrument connects across the pillars\"><li data-pillar=\"labs\" data-hue=\"social\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Experiments<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-labs\/\">Labs<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"foundry\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Built in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/foundry\/\">Water Nexus in Foundry<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"universe\" data-hue=\"water\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Tested at<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/universe\/\">Water Nexus in Universe<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"standards\" data-hue=\"biodiversity\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Codified in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/\">Water and Food Systems in Standards<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"reports\" data-hue=\"energy\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Published in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/reports\/\">Water Nexus in Reports<\/a><\/li><li data-pillar=\"academy\" data-hue=\"risk\"><span class=\"nx-pl-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-in-plv\">Taught in<\/span> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/\">Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences in Academy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><span class=\"nx-in-keep\" hidden><i data-c=\"c1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c4\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"c6\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l1\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l2\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"l5\"><\/i><i data-c=\"h3\"><\/i><i data-c=\"neg\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on0\"><\/i><i data-c=\"on1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"0\"><\/i><i data-l=\"1\"><\/i><i data-l=\"2\"><\/i><i data-l=\"3\"><\/i><i data-l=\"4\"><\/i><i data-l=\"5\"><\/i><i data-on=\"0\"><\/i><i data-on=\"1\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"p\"><\/i><i data-pol=\"n\"><\/i><i data-k=\"R\"><\/i><i data-k=\"B\"><\/i><i data-k=\"dash\"><\/i><i data-dash=\"true\"><\/i><i data-view=\"result\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"on\"><\/i><i data-nxi-live=\"off\"><\/i><i class=\"nx-in-svg nx-in-grid nx-in-ax nx-in-tk nx-in-at nx-in-ln nx-in-band nx-in-lbl nx-in-lk nx-in-ref nx-in-reft nx-in-mk nx-in-x nx-in-rect nx-in-val nx-in-rowl nx-in-cl nx-in-arrow nx-in-pol nx-in-cln nx-in-loop nx-in-edge nx-in-node nx-in-nl nx-in-reach nx-in-trib nx-in-agent nx-in-flow nx-in-legend nx-in-sw nx-in-note nx-in-loops nx-in-3d nx-in-cv nx-in-field nx-in-fl nx-in-fv nx-in-range nx-in-btn nx-in-err nx-in-tbl nx-in-cite\"><\/i><\/span><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-reports-standards\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports, standards and contributions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Utility resilience evidence and how utilities can take part.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Utility resilience case studies are designed for the <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/series\/global-sector\/\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience series<\/a>. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) rates and ranks no utility and confers no status on any; utilities and their regulators keep every decision. Asset and network data stay restricted, and only aggregated, permitted results appear in public outputs under NS-3b metadata of the proposed <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/ecosystem\/standards\/\">Nexus Standards<\/a>.<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>After-action reviews of outages, heatwaves or floods.<\/li><li>Restoration timelines for treatment and pumping after power loss.<\/li><li>Lessons from leakage and demand management programmes.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-twin\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"water\" data-span=\"wide\" data-ns-layout=\"twin\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Twin and cascade simulator<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Model water utilities as a system. Run the cascade.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Assembled from the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/\" data-tc=\"Nexus Standards\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The foundation standards\">Nexus Standards<\/a> area profile <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/water-utilities-sector-standards\/\">Water utilities and basins<\/a>: the hazards it names, the <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/system-builder\/\">System Builder<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin\" data-ns-data=\"nx-twin-es-topics-water-utilities-G01\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards registry and area profiles; Nexus Hazard Standard NHS-1 1.1.0\"><div class=\"nx-ns-twin-static\"><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h47\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.structural.dam-failure\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Structural and civil failure\" data-td=\"Breach or collapse of a dam, sending a sudden flood wave downstream.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H47\" data-tr=\"draft\">Dam failure<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.fluvial\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"River discharge exceeding channel capacity so that water spills over the banks and covers the floodplain for days.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\">River flood<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h9\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 water.flood.flash-flood\" data-tk=\"Water systems \u00b7 Freshwater inundation\" data-td=\"A fast, violent rise of water in a small catchment or dry channel within hours of intense rain.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H9\" data-tr=\"draft\">Flash flood<\/a> (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Mass displacement (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Widespread power outage (set off downstream)<\/li><li>Water supply shortfall (set off downstream)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systems and couplings<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/water-utilities-sector-standards\/\">Water utilities and basins<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/energy-utilities-sector-standards\/\">Energy utilities and grids<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Coupling<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/health\/health-systems-sector-standards\/\">Health systems<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Coupling<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/agriculture-sector-standards\/\">Agriculture and land use<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Coupling<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/cities\/cities-and-built-environment-standards\/\">Cities and the built environment<\/a> <span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Coupling<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Controls<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><code>NS-0<\/code> Constitution and principles<\/li><li><code>NS-3<\/code> Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/li><li><code>NS-9<\/code> Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/li><li><code>NS-10<\/code> Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)<\/li><li><code>NS-11<\/code> Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/li><li><code>NRS-N1<\/code> Water risk and resilience<\/li><li><code>NRS-U28<\/code> <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/universe\">Universe<\/a> platform profile: Water Nexus<\/li><li><code>NRS-H85<\/code> Hazard family: Water and wastewater system failure (NHS-1 infra.water-systems)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H53<\/code> Hazard family: Cyber-physical disruption (NHS-1 cyber.cyber-physical)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H48<\/code> Hazard family: Utility and communication network outage (NHS-1 infra.utilities)<\/li><li><code>NRS-H84<\/code> Hazard family: Energy system instability and shortfall (NHS-1 infra.energy)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Observation<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Aqueduct 4.0 Water Risk Atlas (listed for reference)<\/li><li>AQUASTAT (listed for reference)<\/li><li>World Development Indicators (listed for reference)<\/li><li>GloFAS global flood forecasts (listed for reference)<\/li><li>Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services<\/li><li>Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources<\/li><li>Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation<\/li><li>Number of disruptions to basic services attributed to disasters<\/li><li>People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Example geography<\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>The Ganges and Brahmaputra Basin: 178 hexagonal cells<\/li><li>Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day\/Night Band), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS<\/li><li>Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What is measured, and how well.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each indicator carries its unit, its cadence, the kind of source behind it and the evidence label a value would carry. No values are shown: a programme supplies them under its own authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"register\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Indicator<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unit<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Cadence<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Source type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Label<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Continuity of supply<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">hours per day<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">daily<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Network sensors, customer records<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\"><a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h85\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.water-systems.chronic-network-leakage\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Water and wastewater system failure\" data-td=\"Persistent loss of treated water from ageing pipes that wastes supply and energy, lowers pressure and lets contaminants in.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H85\" data-tr=\"draft\">Non-revenue water<\/a><\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of system input volume<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Production and billing records<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Energy intensity<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">kilowatt hours per cubic metre<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Metered consumption<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Residual chlorine compliance<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">percent of samples in range<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">monthly<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Laboratory sampling<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Raw-water turbidity<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">nephelometric turbidity units<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">continuous<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Intake sensors<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">OBSERVED<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Days of storage at current demand<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">days<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">daily<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Reservoir and tank levels<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Indicator\">Backup power endurance<\/td><td data-label=\"Unit\">hours<\/td><td data-label=\"Cadence\">per asset<\/td><td data-label=\"Source type\">Asset register<\/td><td data-label=\"Label\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Published statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"indicators\" data-nxf-kind=\"indicator\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G01\/topics\/water-utilities\/#indicators\" data-nxf-title=\"Indicators\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-signature\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sector signature<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The sector signature of water utilities.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The sectors water utilities touches and how strongly they depend on each other: what a study has to observe and model together.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><figure class=\"nx-nsig\" data-nx-sig=\"WEFB\" data-sig-name=\"Water and its partners\" data-sig-line=\"Water gives irrigation to food (0.8), cooling water and hydropower to energy (0.6) and environmental flows to biodiversity (0.6).\" data-sig-inst=\"The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-plate\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-strip\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Signatures in context\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-stage\"><div class=\"nx-nsig-top\"><span>Select corners \u00b7 hover lines<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-pairs\">6 \/ 15 relations<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-tilt\"><svg class=\"nx-nsig-svg\" viewBox=\"-370 -290 740 580\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Sector signature hexagon: Water, Energy, Food and Biodiversity selected, 6 of 15 relations in play, coupling 0.43. Teaching values.\" focusable=\"false\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-read\"><div><p class=\"nx-nsig-k\">Signature<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-name\">Water and its partners<\/p><p class=\"nx-nsig-line\">Water gives irrigation to food (0.8), cooling water and hydropower to energy (0.6) and environmental flows to biodiversity (0.6).<\/p><\/div><p class=\"nx-nsig-code\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span>W<\/span> \u00b7 <span>E<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">I<\/span> \u00b7 <span>F<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-nsig-off\">H<\/span> \u00b7 <span>B<\/span><\/p><dl class=\"nx-nsig-stats\"><div><dt>Sectors<\/dt><dd><strong>4<\/strong> <small>of 6<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Relations<\/dt><dd><strong>6<\/strong> <small>of 15<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Coupling<\/dt><dd><strong>0.43<\/strong> <small>share of total<\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-nsig-detail\"><h3 class=\"nx-nsig-dh\">Strongest relations in play<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-nsig-rel\"><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Food \u2192 Biodiversity<\/b> \u00b7 land conversion<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Energy<\/b> \u00b7 cooling water and hydropower<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Food<\/b> \u00b7 irrigation<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"8\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.8<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-nsig-rt\"><b>Water \u2192 Biodiversity<\/b> \u00b7 environmental flows<\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-bar\" data-v=\"6\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i><\/i><\/span><span class=\"nx-nsig-v\">0.6<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"nx-nsig-actions\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"all\">Select all<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn\" data-sig-act=\"clear\">Clear<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-nsig-btn nx-nsig-pri\" data-sig-act=\"copy\">Copy signature<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-nsig-note\">Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-1\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-label=\"Sources, Methods and evidence, Decisions, Core questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Sources, Methods and evidence, Decisions, Core questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-sources\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Sources<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-audience\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Methods and evidence<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-decisions\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Decisions<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Core questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sources<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where the evidence comes from.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Named public datasets and institutional records, each with its licence class. Sources by agreement are used only under their terms and never republished.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\" data-lv=\"register\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Source<\/th><th scope=\"col\">What it gives<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence class<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">IBNET (World Bank)<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Benchmarking indicators for utilities worldwide<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Terms per database<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Household access to safely managed water and sanitation<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Free and open, attribution<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Utility operational records<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">SCADA, laboratory and billing data<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">By agreement with each utility<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">National regulators<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Tariff, performance and compliance reports<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">Public records, terms per regulator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Source\">Grid operator interruption data<\/td><td data-label=\"What it gives\">Outage duration and frequency by feeder<\/td><td data-label=\"Licence class\">By agreement<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"evidence\" data-nxf-kind=\"evidence\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/gcri\/G01\/topics\/water-utilities\/#evidence\" data-nxf-title=\"Sources\" data-nxf-height=\"520\" hidden><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audience\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and evidence<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How water utilities is modelled, measured and tested.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The model, its assumptions, its data and its uncertainty, in the form a scientist or engineer would check. Structures follow published methods. The values drawn are illustrative, not findings.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-au\" data-au-voice=\"science\" data-au-n=\"1\"><figure class=\"nx-au-c\" data-au-fig=\"system-model\"><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">System model<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-au-what\">The couplings between the systems in water utilities: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.<\/p><div class=\"nx-au-fig\"><svg class=\"nx-au-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 560 250\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Causal loop diagram of Water, Climate, Critical infrastructure, Communities, Economy\" focusable=\"false\"><line class=\"nx-au-ac\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"32\" x2=\"398.6\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"339.3\" y=\"57.71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ax\" x1=\"280\" y1=\"32\" x2=\"206.7\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"398.6\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"353.3\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"375.95\" y=\"135.5\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ax\" x1=\"398.6\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"161.4\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"353.3\" y1=\"187.58\" x2=\"206.7\" y2=\"187.58\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"280\" y=\"183.58\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u2212<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"206.7\" y1=\"187.58\" x2=\"161.4\" y2=\"91.42\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"184.05\" y=\"135.5\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><line class=\"nx-au-ln\" x1=\"161.4\" y1=\"91.42\" x2=\"280\" y2=\"32\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-sign\" x=\"220.7\" y=\"57.71\" text-anchor=\"middle\">+<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"280.0\" cy=\"32.0\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"20\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Water<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd nx-au-nd-ac\" cx=\"398.6\" cy=\"91.4\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"410.6\" y=\"95.42\" text-anchor=\"start\">Climate<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"353.3\" cy=\"187.6\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"365.3\" y=\"205.58\" text-anchor=\"start\">Critical infrastructure<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"206.7\" cy=\"187.6\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"194.7\" y=\"205.58\" text-anchor=\"end\">Communities<\/text><circle class=\"nx-au-nd\" cx=\"161.4\" cy=\"91.4\" r=\"6\"\/><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"149.4\" y=\"95.42\" text-anchor=\"end\">Economy<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t nx-au-lb\" x=\"280\" y=\"114\" text-anchor=\"middle\">R  reinforcing<\/text><text class=\"nx-au-t\" x=\"280\" y=\"132\" text-anchor=\"middle\">B  balancing<\/text><\/svg><\/div><figcaption class=\"nx-caption\"><span>Causal loop diagram from the page&#8217;s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"nx-chips nx-au-fw\" aria-label=\"Frameworks cited\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">FAIR guiding principles \u00b7 GO FAIR and FORCE11<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">W3C PROV \u00b7 World Wide Web Consortium<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Guidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties \u00b7 IPCC<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">CEOS Analysis Ready Data \u00b7 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-decisions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Decisions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who decides, and what the evidence serves.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Water Nexus prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-table-wrap\"><table class=\"nx-table\" data-stack=\"true\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Who decides<\/th><th scope=\"col\">The question<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Evidence this page serves<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Utility boards and managers<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Where to invest first: backup power, leakage, treatment capacity or storage<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Dependency map with endurance hours; stress-test results by works<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Regulators and ministries<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether tariffs and subsidies cover the cost of resilient service<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Energy intensity and renewal backlog against revenue<\/td><\/tr><tr><td data-label=\"Who decides\">Lenders and development finance<\/td><td data-label=\"The question\">Whether a utility is ready for financing and what diligence questions remain<\/td><td data-label=\"Evidence this page serves\">Readiness evidence prepared with the Global Risks Alliance (GRA), with every claim labelled<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-4\">Outputs this topic produces<\/h3><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Dependency map of each works on power, chemicals and raw water<\/li><li>Stress tests for heat, drought, flood and outage<\/li><li>Asset and finance readiness evidence for review<\/li><li>Loss reduction scenarios with energy savings<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-core-questions\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-1-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Core questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What utility engineers ask.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>What is the condition of buried and above-ground assets, and where is failure most likely?<\/li><li>How long can supply continue if power, chemical deliveries or communications fail?<\/li><li>Which customers are critical, such as hospitals, and how are they prioritised?<\/li><li>How do leakage, demand growth and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-c1\" data-tc=\"NRS-C1 climate-change\" data-tk=\"Nexus risk vocabulary\" data-td=\"A change in the state of the climate that persists for decades or longer, identified by shifts in averages and variability; in current practice, mainly the change driven by human emissions.\" data-ts=\"NRS-C1\" data-tr=\"draft\">climate change<\/a> affect reserve capacity?<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-2\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-label=\"Mechanisms, Methods and data, Methods, Sources\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Mechanisms, Methods and data, Methods, Sources\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Mechanisms<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Methods and data<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-methods\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p3\">Methods<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\" aria-controls=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p4\">Sources<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-mechanisms\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Mechanisms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How utility services fail and recover.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">Pipes and plant deteriorate with age, material, soil conditions and pressure cycles; much of the network is buried and inspected rarely. Failures cluster in cold snaps, droughts that shrink soils and after pressure transients. Leakage wastes treated water and energy and can let contaminants in when pressure drops.<\/p><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-2\">Continuity depends on electricity for pumping and treatment, on chemical supply chains, on control <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/systems\" data-tc=\"Systems\" data-tk=\"Nexus Standards\" data-td=\"The twenty Nexus systems, NXS-CMD to NXS-LAB\">systems<\/a> and on skilled staff. Storage provides a buffer measured in hours to days. When it runs out, outages spread, and restoring pressure safely takes time and flushing. Cyber intrusion into operational technology is a growing concern.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods-and-data\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" data-variant=\"split\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods and data<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How resilience is assessed.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Asset management<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Condition assessment and failure-rate models built from repair records, inspections and <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/spatial-statistics\/\">spatial statistics<\/a>. Records are often incomplete, especially for older assets.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Hydraulic modelling<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Network models simulate pressure and flow under failure scenarios, with <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/environmental-engineering\/\">water and environmental engineering<\/a>. Models need calibration against field measurements.<\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">Dependency analysis<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mapping links to power, chemicals and communications and testing outage scenarios. Detailed results are security-sensitive and stay with the operator.<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-methods\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Methods<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">How it is studied, and what the methods cannot say.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-methods\" data-limits=\"true\"><ol class=\"nx-mledger\" aria-label=\"Methods\"><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/environmental-engineering\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Water and environmental engineering<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Treatment and distribution resilience \u00b7 Water safety planning<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/engineering\/environmental-engineering\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Water and environmental engineering\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/sensing-iot\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Sensors, IoT and observation networks<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Gauge and well telemetry \u00b7 Utility network monitoring \u00b7 Low-cost sensing with stated uncertainty<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/sensing-iot\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Sensors, IoT and observation networks\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/forecasting\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Forecasting and time-series analysis<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Flood forecasting by reach \u00b7 Seasonal drought outlooks \u00b7 Inflow forecasts for reservoirs<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/forecasting\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Forecasting and time-series analysis\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/uncertainty-quantification\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Uncertainty quantification and model validation<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Ensemble and parameter uncertainty \u00b7 Propagation through the cascade \u00b7 Evidence labelling<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/mathematics\/uncertainty-quantification\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Uncertainty quantification and model validation\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-mledger-main\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/stem\/geospatial\/\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-body\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-name\">Geospatial information systems<\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-role\">Exposure mapping \u00b7 Catchment and basin delineation \u00b7 Public-safe basin maps<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-mledger-go\"><span class=\"nx-mledger-go-label\">Applied here<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><div class=\"nx-mledger-aside\"><a class=\"nx-mledger-canon\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/stem\/technology\/geospatial\/\" aria-label=\"Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons: Geospatial information systems\">Canonical \u00b7 STEM Commons <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ol><aside class=\"nx-limits\" aria-label=\"What the methods cannot say\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">What the methods cannot say<\/span><p class=\"nx-limits-text\">Utility records vary widely in completeness, and <a class=\"nx-link nx-term\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/nrs\/#nrs-h85\" data-tc=\"NHS-1 infra.water-systems.chronic-network-leakage\" data-tk=\"Built systems \u00b7 Water and wastewater system failure\" data-td=\"Persistent loss of treated water from ageing pipes that wastes supply and energy, lowers pressure and lets contaminants in.\" data-ts=\"NRS-H85\" data-tr=\"draft\">non-revenue water<\/a> is often an estimate rather than a measurement. Stress tests depend on the dependency map being complete, and buried assets are rarely fully known. Water Nexus does not rate utilities; it prepares evidence they and their regulators can act on.<\/p><\/aside><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-pg-sources\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"climate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-17\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-2-tab-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">17<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Where this page&#8217;s references<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page&#8217;s references lead.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/\"><span>Alegre and others, Performance Indicators for Water Supply Services, third edition (IWA Publishing, 2016)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/\"><span>ISO 24510 series on activities relating to drinking water and wastewater services (ISO)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ib-net.org\/\"><span>IBNET international benchmarking network for water and sanitation utilities (World Bank)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\"><span>Water Safety Plan Manual, second edition (WHO, 2023)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/ns-3b\/\"><span>NS-3b, Dataset and product metadata profile, a proposed standard<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section\" data-band=\"auto\" data-band-id=\"nx-band-3\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-label=\"Connected, Questions\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-hm-band nx-band\" data-nx-tabs=\"true\" data-active=\"p1\"><div class=\"nx-tablist nx-hm-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Connected, Questions\"><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-18-sec\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-key=\"p1\">Connected<\/button><button class=\"nx-tab\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\" aria-controls=\"nx-s-19-sec\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-key=\"p2\">Questions<\/button><\/div><section id=\"nx-s-18-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"infrastructure\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-18\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">18<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Connected<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-18\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this page leads across the Consortium.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/critical-infrastructure\/topics\/water-and-wastewater-assets\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Related topic<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Water and wastewater assets<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Utility service challenges link to lifeline engineering and asset restoration.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-s-19-sec\" class=\"nx-section nx-band-panel\" data-hue=\"water\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-19\" role=\"tabpanel\" data-band-tab=\"nx-band-3-tab-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">19<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-19\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>What is non-revenue water?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">The difference between water put into the network and water billed: leakage, unbilled use and metering error. It is reported as a share of system input.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How long can a treatment works run without grid power?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">As long as its backup fuel and the pumping it must feed allow, often hours rather than days. The endurance figure belongs in the asset register and in every stress test.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does Water Nexus benchmark utilities?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">It prepares comparable evidence with named sources. Benchmarks and ratings are the work of regulators and the utilities themselves.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Will Water Nexus publish details of a utility&#8217;s weaknesses?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Public case studies are written to be safe to publish. Asset-level and security-sensitive information stays with the operator under written terms.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can a utility take part in a case study?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Yes, by writing to <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/write-to-us\/research-collaboration\/\">the research collaboration form<\/a>. Scope, data use and publication are agreed in writing first.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How do utilities prepare for long power outages?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Typical measures include backup generation at critical sites, fuel arrangements, gravity-fed storage, interconnections with neighbouring systems and priority restoration agreements with the electricity operator. The right combination depends on each system&#8217;s topography and dependencies.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does the platform provide emergency support?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Water Nexus is not an emergency or incident service. Utilities should use their own emergency arrangements and the competent authorities.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-nr-gateway\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"climate\" data-tone=\"alt\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Reports<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Contribute<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-nr-gateway-h\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Contribute evidence from this page.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/programme\/reports\">Reports<\/a> is the Consortium&#8217;s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.<\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">GCRI<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Water Nexus<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Global Sector Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Country Systems Risk and Resilience<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Observatory Signal<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ul class=\"nx-dest\"><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/write-to-us\/contact\/\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Email<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Gateway GW-GCRI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Send it from this page<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Evidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-go\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-dest-card\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-reports\/open-science\/#nx-sec-zenodo\"><span class=\"nx-dest-top\"><span class=\"nx-dest-rel\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-host\">Open deposit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-title\">Deposit it and submit to the community<\/span><span class=\"nx-dest-why\">Publish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. 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A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-section nx-deeper-band\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-herisk-global-water-nexus-topics-water-utilities-h\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-deeper\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-deeper-herisk-global-water-nexus-topics-water-utilities-h\" data-nx-deeper=\"3\" data-nx-resources=\"1 1 1\"><h2 class=\"nx-deeper-h\" id=\"nx-deeper-herisk-global-water-nexus-topics-water-utilities-h\">Go deeper<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.therisk.global\/organization\/model\/scenarios\/heatwave\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Documentation:<\/span> Heatwave<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/water-security\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Academy:<\/span> Water security and hydrology<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/water-food\/water-risk-standards\/\" data-ext><span class=\"nx-deeper-k\">Standards:<\/span> Water risk standards<span class=\"nx-deeper-x\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2197<\/span><span class=\"nx-deeper-sr\"> (opens another site)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-20\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Water Nexus<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-20\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Bring a method, a dataset or a question.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Information and enquiries are open today. 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