Fragility of infrastructure components
Fragility curves for substations, bridges, pipelines and towers relate hazard intensity to damage probability for risk models.
GCRI · 关键基础设施
Structural and 地震 engineering decide whether buildings, bridges, towers and treatment plants withstand hazard loads. In this field it supplies fragility models, design standards and retrofit methods for infrastructure assets.
Structural and 地震 engineering designs buildings, bridges and other structures to carry loads safely, including those from earthquakes, wind and floods. It determines how much damage the built environment suffers when hazards occur. In 关键基础设施 and cities and built environment, structural engineering supplies vulnerability functions for loss models and guides retrofit priorities. It links 危害强度 to disruption of housing, services and supply chains. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Fragility curves for substations, bridges, pipelines and towers relate hazard intensity to damage probability for risk models.
Retrofit options for bridges and critical buildings are designed and compared for performance and cost.
Damaged structures are inspected after events using standard procedures to decide on continued use, repair or closure.
Night lights, population density and land cover over Western Europe, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.
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图层 3
本页面的基础设施暴露
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最新可用
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap贡献者 (ODbL) · Natural Earth
正在加载最新的NASA影像。
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基础设施风险暴露,以西欧为取景。NASA 发布的卫星和模型产品,各带自己的日期。它们是指标,而非对任何地点的评估。
图层与日期
团队遵循该方法时会使用的界面:其指标、状态与决策。名称为示例,数值仅作示意。
Critical infrastructure · Structural engineering · Run R-4460
| Slight | 0.16 | 0.6 | Cosmetic |
| 中等 | 0.43 | 0.7 | Repairable |
| Extensive | 0.64 | 0.7 | Major |
| 已完成 | 1.0 | 0.7 | Replace |
Designs are checked against codes, laboratory and shake-table tests, and observed performance after events. Peer review is used for unusual structures.
| 核查 | 如何开展 |
|---|---|
| Fragility validation | Fragility models are compared with observed damage |
| 同行评审 | Retrofit designs are independently reviewed |
| Inspection consistency | Inspectors are calibrated on common cases |
Existing building stock is often poorly documented. Interaction of multiple hazards and degradation over time is incompletely represented.
A 危害足迹 会摧毁每一层中位置相同的资产;碎片化、层间依赖和幸存部分的过载随后使失效蔓延。3D 视图按深度将各层分开。这是使用明示示例数值的教学模型,不是预测。本页地图显示的是西欧;模型本身并不局限于某一地点。
控制措施
读数
| 步骤 | 交通运行(%) | 电力运行(%) | 电信运行(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 89 | 89 | 89 |
| 1 | 67 | 89 | 39 |
| 2 | 39 | 67 | 17 |
| 3 | 39 | 33 | 0 |
The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:
贯穿六大支柱,由 Nexus Consortium 牵头
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile 关键基础设施与关键实体: the hazards it names, the 系统 and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
系统与耦合
控制措施
NS-0 章程与原则NS-3 风险记录 UNI(语法、旧编码对照、分配机构)NS-9 情境 UNI(部署、实例、计划实例)NS-10 政策和条款(机器可读的义务:定义、约束、评估和执行)NS-11 验证与监测(证据、证明、零信任符合性观测)NRS-H61 危害族:级联失效(NHS-1 sys.cascade)NRS-H94 危害族:系统性网络事件(NHS-1 cyber.systemic-cyber)NRS-H107 危害族:数字基础设施集中与单一化(NHS-1 tech.digital-concentration)NRS-K31 领域包概况:国家网络韧性(DOMAIN-031)NRS-K36 领域包概况:关键基础设施(DOMAIN-036)NRS-K48 领域包概况:金融系统韧性(DOMAIN-048)观测
示例地理范围
模型、其假设、数据和不确定性,以科学家或工程师会核查的形式呈现。结构遵循已发表的方法。所取数值仅为示意,不是研究发现。
The couplings between the systems in structural engineering for infrastructure: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.
报告 is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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