Reports · GCRI · Established
Energy · Critical infrastructure · Climate and hazards
Reports 中的 Energy Nexus
能源 系统, transitions, reliability and cross-sector dependencies that sustain society. This page shows the series it feeds, the evidence behind it and how to contribute.
- 系列
- 3
- 系统
- 5
- 方法
- 8
01In brief
What this area brings to the editions.
能源 系统, transitions, reliability and cross-sector dependencies that sustain society.
02领域
Energy Nexus on the map.
交互式地图需要JavaScript；图层列表和来源见下文。
图层 3
本页当前的能源状况
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测
- 来源
- VIIRS Black Marble（VNP46A2）（NASA LAADS DAAC）
- 提供方
- NASA LAADS DAAC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星辐射亮度，已校正月光和大气影响
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-12
- 处理结果
- 约 500 米网格
- 不确定性
- 所示日期的卫星夜间辐射亮度；灯光是用电和停电的替代指标，并非对供应或获得电力情况的测量。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 模型生成（GIBS 发布的最新月份）
- 来源
- MERRA-2（NASA GMAO / GES DISC）
- 提供方
- NASA GMAO / GES DISC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每月；再分析模型；GIBS 发布的最新月份
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-07-01
- 处理结果
- 约 2 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 再分析模型对陆地月平均入射太阳辐射的估算；是太阳能资源的指标，并非场址发电量评估。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 估计值
- 来源
- 世界网格化人口 v4.11（NASA SEDAC（哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN））
- 提供方
- NASA SEDAC（哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN）
- 许可协议
- CC BY 4.0
- 年份版本
- 静态产品；基于人口普查的估算，静态（2020 年）
- 处理结果
- 约 1 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 基于人口普查的 2020 年每平方公里人口估算，作为风险暴露背景展示；不是受任何危害影响的人数。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测
- 来源
- VIIRS NOAA-20 校正反射率（NASA LANCE）
- 提供方
- NASA LANCE
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星图像
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-14
- 处理结果
- 约 250 米网格
- 不确定性
- 卫星图像。卫星或模型栅格数据，按提供方发布的原样呈现。云层、条带缺口和反演误差会造成缺口和噪声；数值是指标，而非某地的测量值。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 模型生成（GIBS 发布的最新年份）
- 来源
- MODIS Terra 和 Aqua 土地覆盖（MCD12Q1）（NASA LP DAAC）
- 提供方
- NASA LP DAAC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每年；卫星分类；GIBS 发布的最新年份
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2024-01-01
- 处理结果
- 约 500 米网格
- 不确定性
- 所示年份的卫星土地覆盖类别，含农田；该分类存在已知误差，并非农场登记册。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测（云层造成缺口）
- 来源
- VIIRS NOAA-20（NASA LANCE）
- 提供方
- NASA LANCE
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星反演；云层造成缺口
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-14
- 处理结果
- 约 1 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 所示日期地表的卫星皮肤温度，是制冷需求的指标；不是气温，也不是高温预警。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
键盘操作，地图获得焦点时
按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动以缩放
最新可用
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap贡献者 (ODbL) · Natural Earth
正在加载最新的NASA影像。
拖动以移动。按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动、双指缩放或使用按钮缩放；悬停可查看指针下的数值；重置可返回该区域。
当前的能源状况，以欧洲为范围。NASA 发布的卫星和模型产品，各带自己的日期。它们是指标，而非对任何地点的评估。
数据：NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap 贡献者 · Natural Earth · NASA EONET · NASA/NOAA VIIRS · NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT
来源与许可
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- VIIRS Black Marble 夜间灯光，NASA 戈达德太空飞行中心；由 NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System（LAADS DAAC）分发；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- MERRA-2 reanalysis, NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office; distributed by the NASA GES DISC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC)。采用CC BY 4.0许可。颜色依据已发布的色图重绘；在显示处数值按H3单元取平均（已修改）。 doi:10.7927/H49C6VHW. CC BY 4.0
- VIIRS近实时产品（洪水、地表温度、积雪覆盖、校正反射率），NASA LANCE；影像来自NASA GIBS。颜色依据已发布的色图重绘；在显示处数值按H3单元取平均（已修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- ASTER GDEM 是 METI 和 NASA 的产品（ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003，NASA LP DAAC）；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。引用格式：NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. NASA 开放数据
- 使用 Natural Earth 制作。免费矢量和栅格地图数据，见 naturalearthdata.com。 公有领域
- © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL)，经由 NASA GIBS 提供（海岸线、边界、道路和地名）。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 ODbL
- Blue Marble，NASA Earth Observatory；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- 地球仪和平面地图上的背景信息：海岸线、边界、道路和地名来自 NASA GIBS 参考图层（OpenStreetMap 数据，ODbL，© OpenStreetMap contributors）；Blue Marble 影像可作为可选底图；3D 地形和高程读数来自 ASTER GDEM 高程色彩指数（5 m 至 200 m 分级，为便于辨识而作了夸张处理）。边界按已发布的样式绘制，不代表对任何领土的立场。
- 地球仪：MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1，BSD-3-Clause，© MapLibre贡献者。
- 实时事件：NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker（EONET）；事件仅供参考，并保留其原始来源链接。
- Observed (EO): NASA/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- 过去一年的每日气温（ERA5，经由 Open-Meteo）：包含经修改的 Copernicus 气候变化服务 2026 年信息。
- 过去一年的每日气温和日照（NASA POWER）：这些数据来自 NASA 兰利研究中心（LaRC）POWER 项目，该项目由 NASA 地球科学/应用科学计划资助。
- 天气数据来自 Open-Meteo.com (https://open-meteo.com/), 依据 CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 授权。
- 可选图层（图层列表中共 10 个来源：实时、预报、观测和背景）启用后会在地图上和此处显示其提供方署名；预报为模型输出，衍生指数为估计值。
图层与日期
- 夜间灯光，每日：VIIRS Black Marble（VNP46A2），NASA LAADS DAAC · 2026年10月12日
- 陆地地表入射太阳辐射，月均值：MERRA-2，NASA GMAO / GES DISC · 2026年7月
- 人口密度，2020 年：人口：哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN，世界网格化人口 v4.11（2018），NASA SEDAC， CC BY 4.0 · 静态
- 真彩色：VIIRS NOAA-20 校正反射率，NASA LANCE · 2026年10月13日
- 土地覆盖类型（IGBP），年度：MODIS Terra 和 Aqua 土地覆盖（MCD12Q1），NASA LP DAAC · 2024
- 白天地表温度：VIIRS NOAA-20，NASA LANCE · 2026年10月13日
03In the editions
9 findings of the drafted editions that bear on Energy Nexus.
Drawn from the Baseline Edition 2026 drafts through the 系统 this area reads. Each opens at its anchor in its edition, with its numbered sources.
- ARE阿拉伯联合酋长国Net greenhouse-gas emissions were 195.2 Mt CO₂e in 2022 including land use, 0.8% below 2019; energy gave 164.1 Mt, industrial processes 29.6 Mt and waste 5.6 Mt, and land use removed 6.6 Mt.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARE-CLI-001
- ARG阿根廷The national inventory reports 400.9 MtCO₂e including land use for 2022, and 377.8 MtCO₂e net on the climate-contribution basis.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARG-CLI-001
- AU非洲联盟In 2024, 55.1% of people in Sub-Saharan Africa had electricity, up from 46.4% in 2018; about 579 million had none (derived).REPORTED · COUNTRY-AU-ENE-002
- AUS澳大利亚Greenhouse-gas emissions excluding land use were 591.5 Mt CO₂e in 2024, against 605.2 Mt in 2019 and 579.5 Mt in 2020.REPORTED · COUNTRY-AUS-CLI-001
- BRA巴西Gross greenhouse-gas emissions fell 16.7% in 2024 to 2,145 Mt CO₂e, led by lower land-use change; net emissions were 1.49 Gt CO₂e. SEEG is a civil-society estimate, not the official inventory.REPORTED · COUNTRY-BRA-CLI-001
- CHE瑞士Greenhouse-gas emissions were 40.1 MtCO₂e in 2024, 27.3% below 1990 and 22.3% below when land use is included; transport emitted 13.4 MtCO₂e and international aviation and maritime a further 5.5 MtCO₂e outside the 2030 target.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHE-CLI-001
- CHN中国The national mean temperature was 10.9 °C in 2025, 1.0 °C above the 1991 to 2020 normal and tied with 2024 as the highest since 1951; hot days averaged 16.5, the most since 1961.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHN-CLI-001
- EU欧洲联盟Net domestic greenhouse-gas emissions were 40% below 1990 in 2024 and 3% below 2023; on the 2030 target basis the cut was 37%.REPORTED · COUNTRY-EU-CLI-001
- GS-02全球能源Global energy demand grew 1.3% (8 EJ) in 2025, down from 2% in 2024, and electricity demand grew nearly 3%, more than twice as fast.REPORTED · SECTOR-ENERGY-GLOBAL-ENE-001
04Evidence path
From Foundry evidence to the series.
The evidence, step by step, from the 系统 this area reads to the series it feeds.
How Energy Nexus reaches 报告: what it reads, how it reads it, the sealed cut and the series it feeds.
| 步骤 | 发生的事项 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| 01 What it reads | Energy Nexus reads NXS-COR（算力、节点与运行时） 与 NXS-NET（网络拓扑与连续性）: governed sources with their releases, never a value without its source. | |
| 02 How it reads them | Energy generation, storage and grid technology and Power systems engineering turn the evidence into findings, with assumptions and limits stated beside each value. | |
| 03 The cut is sealed | Each quarter the evidence is sealed in one cut, so OBSERVED, REPORTED and ESTIMATED values stay apart and every edition can be rebuilt. | |
| 04 The series it feeds | The cut feeds Global Sector Risk and Resilience and Strategic Systems, from the Baseline Edition 2026 into the quarterly series. | |
| 05 Who decides | Decisions stay with the authorities that hold them, under their own rules; an edition informs a decision and never makes it. |
A teaching model of the evidence path, not a forecast and not a record of any run; the systems, methods and series named come from the registries. Sources: Reports 中的 Energy Nexus (2026); Energy Nexus home (2026).
05系列
The series it feeds, and what backs each.
| 系列 | Foundry systems it draws on | Academy disciplines | Series home |
|---|---|---|---|
| 全球部门风险与韧性 | The Global Risks Index（NXS-GRX） one sector’s structure, dependencies and concentration measures NXS-EOP（地球观测与数字孪生） observed change in the sector’s assets and their surroundings | 贸易、供应链与地缘经济 关键基础设施 and lifelines | Global Sector Risk and Resilience series home |
| Strategic 系统 | NXS-GRX concentration and substitutability analysis of strategic supply NXS-NET digital backbone dependencies and continuity plans NXS-NSF（信任、授权与保证） the public-safe release decision that keeps sensitive detail out | 关键矿产、采矿与采掘业 技术安全：两用、出口管制与算力治理 贸易、供应链与地缘经济 | Strategic Systems series home |
| 情景与压力测试 | NXS-DSS（决策案例与审议） combined scenario sets and the option appraisals run on them NXS-GRX the cascade paths a stress test follows | 情景分析与压力测试 不确定性与决策 Systemic, compound and 级联风险 | Scenario and Stress-Test series home |
06Backed by
The systems, methods and teaching behind it.
- NXS-CORNXS-CORNXS-CORNXS-COR
- NXS-NETNXS-NETNXS-NETRooms: Topology, Continuity.
- NXS-DSSNXS-DSSNXS-DSSRooms: Scenarios, Decisions.
- NXS-NST（民用通用作战图）NXS-NSTNXS-NSTRooms: Incidents, FieldOps.
- NXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRX
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源能源发电、储能与电网技术The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源电力系统工程The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源可靠性与韧性工程The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源优化与运筹学The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源预测与时间序列分析The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源网络科学与传染The canonical method page, with its limits.
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy能源系统与能源转型基础设施、能源与工业学院
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy高温、干旱与野火灾害、灾难与韧性学院
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy技术、工业与 Natech 灾害灾害、灾难与韧性学院
- 领域GCRI能源The field across science, governance and finance.
- 领域GCRI关键基础设施The field across science, governance and finance.
- 领域GCRI气候与灾害The field across science, governance and finance.
07联盟各方
Where the same subject is reported elsewhere.
- Counterpart · GRF报告Diplomacy NexusShared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRF报告气候与自然治理Shared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRF报告灾害与危机治理Shared: Critical infrastructure.
- Counterpart · GRA报告Insurance NexusShared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRA报告Banking NexusShared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRA报告Asset Management NexusShared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRA报告Development Finance NexusShared: Critical infrastructure.
- Counterpart · GRA报告再保险与巨灾Shared: Climate and hazards.
- Counterpart · GRA报告气候与自然金融风险Shared: Climate and hazards.
- Standards areaNexus Standards水文气象危害标准Hazards and disaster risk reduction. Parts NS-0, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus Standards世界气象组织与水文气象服务Early warning and anticipatory action. Parts NS-3, NS-9, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus Standards能源风险标准Energy and critical infrastructure. Parts NS-0, NS-1, NS-3, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus Standards气候风险标准Climate and Earth systems. Parts NS-0, NS-1, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-9, NS-11, NS-14.
- Standards areaNexus Standards大气与空气质量风险标准Climate and Earth systems. Parts NS-0, NS-1, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-9, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus Standards气候适应与转型风险Climate and Earth systems. Parts NS-0, NS-3, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-14.
09贡献
Contribute on Energy Nexus.
Evidence, a case, a correction, a method or profile input on this subject. The composer tags it with this area and its series.
Contribution composer
Write a contribution the editor can act on.
Say what it is, where its record is kept and on which licence. It arrives tagged with this page, its area and its gateway, so it reaches the editor who owns it.
Your email opens with the subject and a template already filled in for GW-GCRI.
- 证据
- 更正
- 案例研究
- Analysis or method
- 同行评审
- 转译
- Profile input
Never send personal data or sensitive infrastructure detail. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights.
10开放科学
Open science for Energy Nexus.
How a contribution on this subject is deposited, identified, credited, licensed and found, and the metadata for it prefilled from this page.
Energy Nexus’s open record
- 区域
- Energy Nexus
- Feeds
- Global Sector Risk and Resilience, Strategic Systems, Scenario and Stress-Test
- 记录
- A UNI for every accepted contribution; cited with its DOI in the edition that uses it
- 链接
- isSupplementTo the edition it informs; isNewVersionOf its earlier version
- 许可协议
- CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0
Credit and identity
- ORCID
- Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record
- ROR
- Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone
- CRediT
- Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing
- 账户
- None needed to contribute; never a password
Find and follow
Search the open indexes for Energy Nexus; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.
Mirrors and harvest
The DOI is canonical. At release each signed bundle is also given an IPFS content identifier and a bloxberg anchor as mirrors; both are listed in the record once they exist. Zenodo exposes every record over OAI-PMH, and reviews and endorsements can arrive through COAR Notify where the repository supports it.
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}11最新
Releases for this area.
Releases tagged to this area appear here once released.
报告贡献
Send evidence on Energy Nexus.
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相关内容
Around the reports at GCRI.
部门特征
The sectors behind Energy Nexus.
A reading aid: the sectors the findings run through and how strongly they depend on each other.
选择角点 · 悬停连线6 / 15 项关系
签名
能源及其合作伙伴
能源为基础设施提供交通和电信用电（0.8），为水提供泵送和处理用电（0.5），为粮食提供化肥、机械和冷链（0.5）。
W · E · I · F · H · B
- 部门
- 4 共 6
- 关系
- 6 共 15
- 耦合
- 0.46 占总量份额
当前最强的关系
- 能源 → 基础设施 · 为交通和电信供电0.8
- 水 → 能源 · 冷却水与水电0.6
- 水 → 粮食 · 灌溉0.8
- 基础设施 → 水 · 管道、水坝和处理设施0.6
Reports · GCRI
Bring what you know to the next edition.
Every quarter closes on a sealed evidence cut. Contributions received before the cut are reviewed for that edition; later ones wait for the next.
法律
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CC BY 4.0 Free to read. Text and figures: CC BY 4.0. Data: CC0 1.0. Authors keep copyright. Published by GCRI Canada.