Flood extent from radar
Synthetic-aperture radar sees through cloud. Change detection between a dry reference and the event image maps open water at ten metres, within hours of acquisition.
GCRI · Water Nexus
Satellites see the whole basin at once and return every few days: surface water, soil moisture, snow, vegetation stress and, after an event, the extent of the flood. Earth observation fills the gaps that thinning gauge networks leave.
Earth observation and remote sensing gather information about the Earth’s surface and atmosphere from airborne and spaceborne sensors. They provide consistent, repeatable measurements over areas that are hard to monitor on the ground. In water, climate and hazards and infrastruktur kritis, earth observation maps exposure, damage and environmental change across borders and sectors. It supports rapid assessment after disasters and long-term monitoring of risk drivers. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Synthetic-aperture radar sees through cloud. Change detection between a dry reference and the event image maps open water at ten metres, within hours of acquisition.
Optical time series track reservoir area and seasonal wetlands over decades, giving a storage proxy where operators do not publish levels.
Vegetation indices, land-surface temperature and radiometer soil moisture are combined into drought indicators that agree, or disagree, with rainfall indices.
Flood water, root-zone soil moisture and rain over the Nile Basin, from NASA GIBS. Each layer carries its own date.
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Terbaru yang tersedia
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © kontributor OpenStreetMap (ODbL) · Natural Earth
Memuat citra NASA terbaru.
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Air saat ini, dibingkai pada Lembah Sungai Nil.Produk satelit dan model sebagaimana diterbitkan NASA, masing-masing dengan tanggalnya sendiri. Produk ini adalah indikator, bukan penilaian atas tempat mana pun.
Lapisan dan tanggal
Datasets and records used by earth observation and remote sensing on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in register sumber.
| Data | Peran | Label |
|---|---|---|
| Sentinel-1 radar | Flood extent, soil moisture | TERAMATI |
| Sentinel-2 and Landsat optical | Surface water, vegetation stress | TERAMATI |
| SMAP and SMOS radiometers | Kelembapan tanah | DIMODELKAN |
| GRACE-FO gravimetry | Terrestrial water storage anomaly | DIMODELKAN |
| MODIS and VIIRS | Snow cover, land-surface temperature | TERAMATI |
Layar yang akan digunakan sebuah tim untuk mengikuti metode ini: ukuran, status, dan keputusannya. Nama adalah contoh dan nilai bersifat ilustratif.
Water · Earth observation for water · Run R-8937
revisit and swath
stratified sample
| Air | 95 | 91 | 159 |
| Cropland | 79 | 79 | 174 |
| Built-up | 81 | 78 | 122 |
| Forest | 94 | 89 | 190 |
Products are assessed against ground reference data using accuracy matrices and independent samples. Cross-calibration between sensors checks consistency over time.
| Pemeriksaan | Cara pelaksanaannya |
|---|---|
| Ground reference | Flood masks are scored against surveyed high-water marks and gauge-derived extents |
| Cross-sensor consistency | Products from different satellites are compared over the same period before a trend is quoted |
| Cloud and revisit gaps | Every product states its coverage; missing scenes are reported as no data, not as no change |
Clouds, revisit gaps and mixed pixels limit what can be observed. Changes in sensors and processing can create artificial trends.
Disusun dari profil bidang Nexus Standards profil area Standar risiko air: bahaya yang disebutkannya, sistem dan sektor yang menanggung kerugian, kendali yang meredamnya, dan data yang mengamatinya. Pilih komponen, tentukan bahaya pemicu, dan telusuri kaskade langkah demi langkah. Tampilan Peta menempatkan proses pada contoh geografi dengan data terbuka. Setiap bobot keterkaitan adalah asumsi yang dinyatakan dan dapat Anda ubah. Model pengajaran, bukan prakiraan, penilaian, atau sertifikasi. Untuk memodelkan tempat pilihan Anda sendiri, buka System Builder.
Bahaya
Sistem dan keterkaitan
Kendali
NS-0 Anggaran dasar dan prinsipNS-1 Observatory UNI dan katalog artefak (tata bahasa v0.2: segmen domain, sektor, wilayah, dan lingkungan)NS-3 UNI catatan risiko (tata bahasa, pemetaan ke sistem lama, kewenangan alokasi)NS-3b Profil metadata dataset dan produk (STAC, DCAT, PROV-O)NS-9 UNI kontekstual (penerapan, instans, instans program)NS-10 Kebijakan dan klausul (kewajiban yang dapat dibaca mesin: definisi, pengikatan, evaluasi, dan penegakan)NS-11 Verifikasi dan pemantauan (bukti, atestasi, pengamatan kesesuaian zero trust)NRS-U28 Semesta : Water NexusNRS-H61 Kelompok bahaya: Kegagalan berantai (NHS-1 sys.cascade)NRS-K42 Profil paket domain: Daerah aliran sungai lintas batas (DOMAIN-042)NRS-N1 Risiko dan ketahanan airNRS-N7 Keterkaitan nexus air, energi, pangan, kesehatan, keanekaragaman hayati, dan infrastrukturNRS-H62 Keluarga bahaya: Peristiwa majemuk dan multibahaya (NHS-1 sys.compound)Pengamatan
Contoh geografi
The sectors earth observation for water touches and how strongly they depend on each other: what a study has to observe and model together.
Tanda tangan
Air dan mitranya
Air memberi irigasi bagi pangan (0,8), air pendingin dan tenaga air bagi energi (0,6), dan aliran lingkungan bagi keanekaragaman hayati (0,6).
W · E · I · F · H · B
Antariksa dan Pengamatan Bumi stewards earth observation and remote sensing for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
Model, asumsi, data, dan ketidakpastiannya, dalam bentuk yang akan diperiksa ilmuwan atau insinyur. Strukturnya mengikuti metode yang dipublikasikan. Nilai yang digambar bersifat ilustratif, bukan temuan.
The couplings between the systems in earth observation for water: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.
Process explorer · Process
9 steps·4 tahap·1 gate
Proses
Processing levels are mission specific; Sentinel-2 runs from Level-0 raw data to Level-2A, and CEOS Analysis Ready Data sets the minimum for analysis.
Neutral outline of a published external standard or method, from its issuing body. Not a record of operation. Nexus does not perform, certify or approve any step shown. A gate or decision belongs to the party the source names. Level-1B and Level-1C add corrections; Level-2A adds atmospheric correction and scene classification.
Laporan is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
Jangan pernah mengirim data pribadi, rincian infrastruktur sensitif, atau apa pun yang tidak berhak Anda bagikan. Kontribusi ditinjau sebelum digunakan. Mengirimkannya tidak memberikan hak kepenulisan atau editorial, dan sponsor tidak pernah membeli sebuah temuan.
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