Reports · GCRI · Established
Data and compute · Energy
Reports 中的数据与算力
Data infrastructure, national computational capacity and advanced computing in service of public knowledge. This page shows the series it feeds, the evidence behind it and how to contribute.
- 系列
- 2
- 系统
- 3
- 方法
- 7
What this area brings to the editions.
Data infrastructure, national computational capacity and advanced computing in service of public knowledge.
Data and Compute on the map.
交互式地图需要JavaScript；图层列表和来源见下文。
图层 3
本页当前的能源状况
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测
- 来源
- VIIRS Black Marble（VNP46A2）（NASA LAADS DAAC）
- 提供方
- NASA LAADS DAAC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星辐射亮度，已校正月光和大气影响
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-12
- 处理结果
- 约 500 米网格
- 不确定性
- 所示日期的卫星夜间辐射亮度；灯光是用电和停电的替代指标，并非对供应或获得电力情况的测量。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 估计值
- 来源
- 世界网格化人口 v4.11（NASA SEDAC（哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN））
- 提供方
- NASA SEDAC（哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN）
- 许可协议
- CC BY 4.0
- 年份版本
- 静态产品；基于人口普查的估算，静态（2020 年）
- 处理结果
- 约 1 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 基于人口普查的 2020 年每平方公里人口估算，作为风险暴露背景展示；不是受任何危害影响的人数。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 模型生成（GIBS 发布的最新月份）
- 来源
- MERRA-2（NASA GMAO / GES DISC）
- 提供方
- NASA GMAO / GES DISC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每月；再分析模型；GIBS 发布的最新月份
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-07-01
- 处理结果
- 约 2 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 再分析模型对陆地月平均入射太阳辐射的估算；是太阳能资源的指标，并非场址发电量评估。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测
- 来源
- VIIRS NOAA-20 校正反射率（NASA LANCE）
- 提供方
- NASA LANCE
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星图像
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-14
- 处理结果
- 约 250 米网格
- 不确定性
- 卫星图像。卫星或模型栅格数据，按提供方发布的原样呈现。云层、条带缺口和反演误差会造成缺口和噪声；数值是指标，而非某地的测量值。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 模型生成（GIBS 发布的最新年份）
- 来源
- MODIS Terra 和 Aqua 土地覆盖（MCD12Q1）（NASA LP DAAC）
- 提供方
- NASA LP DAAC
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每年；卫星分类；GIBS 发布的最新年份
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2024-01-01
- 处理结果
- 约 500 米网格
- 不确定性
- 所示年份的卫星土地覆盖类别，含农田；该分类存在已知误差，并非农场登记册。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
关于本图层
- 证据
- 观测（云层造成缺口）
- 来源
- VIIRS NOAA-20（NASA LANCE）
- 提供方
- NASA LANCE
- 许可协议
- NASA 开放数据
- 年份版本
- 每日；卫星反演；云层造成缺口
- 构建时的最新内容
- 2026-10-14
- 处理结果
- 约 1 公里网格
- 不确定性
- 所示日期地表的卫星皮肤温度，是制冷需求的指标；不是气温，也不是高温预警。
- 经由以下途径到达
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov，仅在您允许实时地图后访问
键盘操作，地图获得焦点时
按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动以缩放
最新可用
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap贡献者 (ODbL) · Natural Earth
正在加载最新的NASA影像。
拖动以移动。按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动、双指缩放或使用按钮缩放；悬停可查看指针下的数值；重置可返回该区域。
能源现状，以美国本土为取景。NASA 发布的卫星和模型产品，各带自己的日期。它们是指标，而非对任何地点的评估。
数据：NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap 贡献者 · Natural Earth · NASA EONET · NASA/NOAA VIIRS · NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT
来源与许可
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- VIIRS Black Marble 夜间灯光，NASA 戈达德太空飞行中心；由 NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System（LAADS DAAC）分发；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC)。采用CC BY 4.0许可。颜色依据已发布的色图重绘；在显示处数值按H3单元取平均（已修改）。 doi:10.7927/H49C6VHW. CC BY 4.0
- MERRA-2 reanalysis, NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office; distributed by the NASA GES DISC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- VIIRS近实时产品（洪水、地表温度、积雪覆盖、校正反射率），NASA LANCE；影像来自NASA GIBS。颜色依据已发布的色图重绘；在显示处数值按H3单元取平均（已修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA 开放数据
- ASTER GDEM 是 METI 和 NASA 的产品（ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003，NASA LP DAAC）；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。引用格式：NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. NASA 开放数据
- 使用 Natural Earth 制作。免费矢量和栅格地图数据，见 naturalearthdata.com。 公有领域
- © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL)，经由 NASA GIBS 提供（海岸线、边界、道路和地名）。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 ODbL
- Blue Marble，NASA Earth Observatory；影像经由 NASA GIBS 提供。颜色依据已发布的色表重绘；所示之处的数值已平均到 H3 单元中（有修改）。 NASA 开放数据
- 地球仪和平面地图上的背景信息：海岸线、边界、道路和地名来自 NASA GIBS 参考图层（OpenStreetMap 数据，ODbL，© OpenStreetMap contributors）；Blue Marble 影像可作为可选底图；3D 地形和高程读数来自 ASTER GDEM 高程色彩指数（5 m 至 200 m 分级，为便于辨识而作了夸张处理）。边界按已发布的样式绘制，不代表对任何领土的立场。
- 地球仪：MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1，BSD-3-Clause，© MapLibre贡献者。
- 实时事件：NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker（EONET）；事件仅供参考，并保留其原始来源链接。
- Observed (EO): NASA/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- 过去一年的每日气温（ERA5，经由 Open-Meteo）：包含经修改的 Copernicus 气候变化服务 2026 年信息。
- 过去一年的每日气温和日照（NASA POWER）：这些数据来自 NASA 兰利研究中心（LaRC）POWER 项目，该项目由 NASA 地球科学/应用科学计划资助。
- 天气数据来自 Open-Meteo.com (https://open-meteo.com/), 依据 CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 授权。
- 可选图层（图层列表中共 10 个来源：实时、预报、观测和背景）启用后会在地图上和此处显示其提供方署名；预报为模型输出，衍生指数为估计值。
图层与日期
- 夜间灯光，每日：VIIRS Black Marble（VNP46A2），NASA LAADS DAAC · 2026年10月12日
- 人口密度，2020 年：人口：哥伦比亚大学 CIESIN，世界网格化人口 v4.11（2018），NASA SEDAC， CC BY 4.0 · 静态
- 陆地地表入射太阳辐射，月均值：MERRA-2，NASA GMAO / GES DISC · 2026年7月
- 真彩色：VIIRS NOAA-20 校正反射率，NASA LANCE · 2026年10月13日
- 土地覆盖类型（IGBP），年度：MODIS Terra 和 Aqua 土地覆盖（MCD12Q1），NASA LP DAAC · 2024
- 白天地表温度：VIIRS NOAA-20，NASA LANCE · 2026年10月13日
9 findings of the drafted editions that bear on Data and Compute.
Drawn from the Baseline Edition 2026 drafts through the 系统 this area reads. Each opens at its anchor in its edition, with its numbered sources.
- ARE阿拉伯联合酋长国Gas gave 68% of electricity generation in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, while nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%; total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARE-ENE-003
- ARG阿根廷Low-carbon sources supplied 42% of electricity in 2025, and renewables including large hydro covered 40.2% of demand.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARG-ENE-003
- AU非洲联盟In 2024, 55.1% of people in Sub-Saharan Africa had electricity, up from 46.4% in 2018; about 579 million had none (derived).REPORTED · COUNTRY-AU-ENE-002
- AUS澳大利亚Wind and solar supplied 33% of electricity in 2025; fossil fuels supplied 61% and coal 43%.REPORTED · COUNTRY-AUS-ENE-003
- BRA巴西Renewables supplied 86.8% of electricity in 2025. Hydropower fell 4.8% to 401.4 TWh while gas generation rose 22.7%, and wind and solar together supplied 26.4%.REPORTED · COUNTRY-BRA-ENE-005
- CHE瑞士In 2025 hydropower supplied 55.5% of domestic electricity generation, nuclear power 27.2% and photovoltaics 11.8%, and final electricity consumption was 57,970 GWh.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHE-ENE-003
- CHN中国Coal supplied 54.8% of electricity in 2025 and 51.4% of total energy consumption, while wind and solar supplied 21.9% of electricity.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHN-ENE-006
- EU欧洲联盟Renewables supplied 25.2% of gross final energy consumption in 2024, 17.3 points below the 42.5% target for 2030.REPORTED · COUNTRY-EU-ENE-003
- GS-02全球能源Global energy demand grew 1.3% (8 EJ) in 2025, down from 2% in 2024, and electricity demand grew nearly 3%, more than twice as fast.REPORTED · SECTOR-ENERGY-GLOBAL-ENE-001
From Foundry evidence to the series.
The evidence, step by step, from the 系统 this area reads to the series it feeds.
How Data and Compute reaches 报告: what it reads, how it reads it, the sealed cut and the series it feeds.
| 步骤 | 发生的事项 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| 01 What it reads | Data and Compute reads NXS-COR（算力、节点与运行时） and The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX): governed sources with their releases, never a value without its source. | |
| 02 How it reads them | High-performance, cloud and edge computing and Data engineering, interoperability and stewardship turn the evidence into findings, with assumptions and limits stated beside each value. | |
| 03 The cut is sealed | Each quarter the evidence is sealed in one cut, so OBSERVED, REPORTED and ESTIMATED values stay apart and every edition can be rebuilt. | |
| 04 The series it feeds | The cut feeds Exponential Technology and Strategic Systems, from the Baseline Edition 2026 into the quarterly series. | |
| 05 Who decides | Decisions stay with the authorities that hold them, under their own rules; an edition informs a decision and never makes it. |
A teaching model of the evidence path, not a forecast and not a record of any run; the systems, methods and series named come from the registries. Sources: Reports 中的数据与算力 (2026); Data and Compute home (2026).
The series it feeds, and what backs each.
| 系列 | Foundry systems it draws on | Academy disciplines | Series home |
|---|---|---|---|
| 指数级技术 | NXS-NXQ（软件、模型与能力生命周期） the capability catalogue and fitness assessments of machine capabilities NXS-LAB（研究、实验与模拟） benchmark comparisons and experiment records for fast-changing technologies | 人工智能与机器学习 创新与前沿技术治理 量子技术 | Exponential Technology series home |
| Strategic 系统 | NXS-GRX concentration and substitutability analysis of strategic supply NXS-NET（网络拓扑与连续性） digital backbone dependencies and continuity plans NXS-NSF（信任、授权与保证） the public-safe release decision that keeps sensitive detail out | 关键矿产、采矿与采掘业 技术安全：两用、出口管制与算力治理 贸易、供应链与地缘经济 | Strategic Systems series home |
The systems, methods and teaching behind it.
- NXS-CORNXS-CORNXS-CORNXS-COR
- NXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRXNXS-GRX
- NXS-NETNXS-NETNXS-NETRooms: Topology, Continuity.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源高性能计算、云计算与边缘计算The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源数据工程、互操作性与数据管护The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源能源发电、储能与电网技术The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源优化与运筹学The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源网络安全与密码学The canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM 方法STEM 公共资源物理学与量子科学The canonical method page, with its limits.
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy数据基础设施、算力与半导体技术与数字系统学院
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy能源系统与能源转型基础设施、能源与工业学院
- Academy disciplineRisk Academy风险数据治理、来源追溯与许可风险科学与方法学院
- 领域GCRI数据与算力The field across science, governance and finance.
- 领域GCRI能源The field across science, governance and finance.
Where the same subject is reported elsewhere.
- Standards areaNexus Standards数据与数据集Data and evidence. Parts NS-3, NS-3b, NS-11, NS-1.
- Standards areaNexus Standards软件与供应链Trust, verification and assurance. Parts NS-12, NS-11, NS-1.
- Standards areaNexus Standards隐私与数据保护Data and evidence. Parts NS-10, NS-11, NS-3.
- Standards areaNexus Standards金融与支付数据Finance, insurance and the economy. Parts NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-14.
- Standards areaNexus Standards国家部署与数据驻留Open infrastructure and developers. Parts NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-0.
- Standards areaNexus Standards沙盒与模拟数据Open infrastructure and developers. Parts NS-11, NS-14, NS-3.
Topic pages on Data and Compute.
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