GCRI · Registry

Correção e controle de versões

Every published record will one day need to change: a typing error, a revised figure, a withdrawn claim, a new release of a dataset. What matters is whether the change is visible, linked and propagated, or silent. This page sets out how corrections, retractions and new versions are recorded, why superseded assertions keep circulating after they are corrected, and what editors and stewards need to run a correction route that readers can follow.

01Canvas

Como decorre o trabalho.

sistemas · em torno deste temaIlustrativo

Interoperability console

Correction and versioning · Crosswalk · Profile v3

Test suite runningGCRI · Registry

Field mappings

identificadoridcopyAprovado
evidence_labelquality.labelenum mapAprovado
licencerights.licenceSPDX idAmbiguous
versionversionsemverAprovado

Conformidade

Required fields93 of 100 requiredControlled terms90 of 95 requiredRound trip81 of 95 required
Interoperability console: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Correction and versioning.Nomes de exemplo e valores ilustrativos; um projeto, não um registro nem um sistema ativo.

Fig.Interoperability console: example names and illustrative values, not a record or a live system.

02A pergunta

Correction and versioning: how the risk develops.

Superseded assertions and correction routes. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

Mecanismo

Silent edits

A value is overwritten in place without a version change or a notice. Anyone who downloaded or cited the earlier state now holds a record that no longer matches the source, and nothing tells them so.

Mecanismo

Corrections stop at the source

A notice is issued where the record lives, but copies in aggregators, indexes, reference managers and derived datasets are not updated. The superseded assertion keeps circulating downstream and is cited as current.

Mecanismo

Version forks

Preprint, accepted manuscript and version of record, or successive dataset releases, are registered without relations between them. Citations split across versions, and a correction made to one never reaches the others.

Mecanismo

Reliance compounds

Corrected or retracted findings feed systematic reviews, models, guidelines and funding cases. Each reuse builds on the flawed assertion, so the cost of a late correction grows with every layer that came to depend on it.

03Métodos e evidência

How correction and versioning is modelled, measured and tested.

O modelo, os seus pressupostos, os seus dados e a sua incerteza, na forma que um cientista ou engenheiro verificaria. As estruturas seguem métodos publicados. Os valores representados são ilustrativos, não conclusões.

Conjuntos de dados e proveniência

The data classes behind correction and versioning and what is recorded about each before it is used.

Classe de dadosProveniência registadaResolução indicadaLicença verificada
Imagens de satélite, óticas e radarsensor, nível de processamento, data de aquisiçãotamanho do píxel e revisitapor cena
Reanálises e saídas de modelos climáticosmodelo, experiência, membro, versãogrelha e passo temporalpor publicação
Sensores e estações de medição in situestação, instrumento, registo de calibraçãoponto e frequência de amostragempor rede
Exposição da população e dos ativosmétodo, versão, fontes de entradatamanho e unidade da célulapor publicação
Limites e geografia de referênciaprodutor, edição, dataescalapor edição
Linhagem
Registro W3C PROV da fonte à figura
Princípios
FAIR: localizáveis, acessíveis, interoperáveis, reutilizáveis
Lacunas
apresentado como em falta, nunca preenchido em silêncio
Classes de dados e os campos de proveniência registrados para cada uma; um conjunto de dados só é listado pelo nome quando sua licença admite o uso.
Princípios orientadores FAIR · GO FAIR e FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumOrientação sobre o tratamento consistente das incertezas · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
04In the five domains

Corrections in one domain must reach every product that used the data.

05Indicadores

O que é medido e com que qualidade.

Cada indicador leva sua unidade, sua periodicidade, o tipo de fonte por trás dele e a etiqueta de evidência que um valor levaria. Nenhum valor é mostrado: um programa os fornece sob sua própria autoridade.

IndicadorUnidadeCadênciaTipo de fonteRótulo
Correções emitidascount by type per periodmensalCorrection trailOBSERVADO
Time from report to correction noticediasper caseCase recordsOBSERVADO
Content changes without a version incrementcontagemsemanalContent hash comparisonOBSERVADO
Version chain completenessshare of versions linked to a predecessormensalRelation metadataOBSERVADO
Retracted items linked to their noticeshare of retracted itemsmensalCrossmark and retraction recordsOBSERVADO
Superseded records still cited as currentcount of citing workstrimestralCitation graphESTIMADO
Corrections reflected by downstream aggregatorsshare of sampled aggregatorstrimestralAggregator samplingESTIMADO
06Fontes

De onde vêm as evidências.

Conjuntos de dados públicos nomeados e registros institucionais, cada um com sua classe de licença. As fontes obtidas por acordo só são usadas nos seus termos e nunca são republicadas.

FonteO que ofereceClasse de licença
Retraction Watch DatabaseRecords of retractions, corrections and expressions of concern across publishersOpen, distributed by Crossref
CrossmarkPublisher-deposited update status linking corrections and retractions to the original workOpen metadata via Crossref
Crossref and DataCite relation metadataRelations such as is new version of, is previous version of and is obsoleted byOpen metadata; CC0 for DataCite
PubPeerPost-publication comments that often surface errors before formal noticesPublic comments under site terms
Internet Archive Wayback Machine via MementoTime-stamped captures showing what a page said at a given momentFree access under archive terms
Software HeritageArchived source code with intrinsic identifiers for every versionOpen archive, terms per content licence
07Decisões

Quem decide, e a que servem as evidências.

Registry prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

Quem decideA perguntaEvidências a que esta página serve
Journal editors and publishersWhether an error warrants a correction, an expression of concern or a retractionCOPE guidance, the nature of the error, and the citing and derived works that relied on it
Data stewards and repository managersWhether a change is a correction to the same version or a new versionThe versioning policy, the extent of the change and the identifiers already cited
Research integrity officesWhether a pattern of corrections signals possible misconduct needing investigationCorrection history across records by the same contributors, with dates and stated reasons
Systematic reviewers and guideline panelsWhether included evidence must be re-examined after a correctionRetraction and correction status of every included item at the review date

Produtos que este tema gera

  • Correction trails showing each change, its type, author, date and reason
  • Version chains linking every release to its predecessor and successor
  • Notices for superseded assertions kept visible beside the corrected record
  • A published correction route stating whom to contact and how a report is handled
08Questões centrais

What experts ask about corrections.

  • When is a change a correction, an update or a replacement, and how should each be labelled?
  • How can a correction reach citations, copies and derived records?
  • What must be kept of a superseded version so that past decisions can be understood?
  • Who may initiate, review and approve a correction?
  • How is a correction itself corrected?
09Mecanismos

Why uncorrected errors persist.

Studies of retracted research have long shown that flawed papers continue to be cited after retraction, largely because readers meet them through copies, summaries and reference lists that never learn of the change. The same happens with datasets, dashboards and programme descriptions. Silent edits make it worse: when a page changes without notice, readers cannot know that what they cited is no longer what the page says.

Good practice therefore treats records as append-only. A correction creates a new version that points to the one it supersedes, states what changed and why, and is announced through a notice that downstream sistemas can detect. Publishing communities have developed shared guidance for retractions and corrections, and versioned identifiers let citations point to a specific state. The Registry’s procedure is described on corrections and version history.

10Métodos e limites

How versioning works in practice.

  1. 01

    Version chains

    Each version records its predecessor and successor, so the full history can be followed.

  2. 02

    Typed changes

    A change is labelled as a correction, an update, a supersession or a withdrawal, each with a reason.

  3. 03

    Change notices

    Machine-readable notices let copies elsewhere update, a feature discussed under registry interoperability.

  4. 04

    Limites

    No registry can recall copies it does not control. Notices help only sistemas that read them, and some errors are found too late to change decisions already taken. Correcting a record does not correct the reasoning others built on it.

11Métodos

Como é estudado e o que os métodos não podem dizer.

  1. Engenharia, interoperabilidade e gestão responsável de dadosIngestão validada por esquema · Reconciliação de identificadores persistentes · Captura de linhagem nos pipelinesAplicado aqui
  2. Cibersegurança e criptografiaHistórico de registros à prova de adulteração · Exportações e versões assinadas · Modelagem de ameaças dos caminhos de ediçãoAplicado aqui
  3. Identidade digital e sistemas digitais públicosAutenticação e autoridade do emissor · Desambiguação de colaboradores pela própria pessoaAplicado aqui
12Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

Os organismos e documentos à luz dos quais esta página é lida. O estado e as edições mudam; cada ligação leva ao organismo emissor.

13Perguntas

Perguntas e respostas.

What is the difference between a correction and a new version?
A correction fixes an error in the same work and is announced with a notice. A new version is a deliberate update, registered with its own identifier and linked to the version it replaces.
Are retracted records deleted?
No. Under COPE guidance a retracted item stays available and clearly marked, so readers can see what was withdrawn and why. Removal is reserved for narrow legal or safety grounds, and a notice remains.
How can I tell if a record I cited has changed?
Check its version chain and correction trail, or its Crossmark status where one exists. A content hash on the record shows whether its bytes differ from the copy you hold.
Why do retracted findings keep being cited?
Notices do not reach every copy, reference manager or derived dataset, and citing authors may not check status. Carrying corrections in metadata, not only on web pages, narrows that gap.
Will an earlier version disappear after a correction?
No. It remains available, marked as superseded, unless rights or the law require it to be withdrawn, in which case a notice remains.
Can anyone request a correction?
Yes. Requests go through corrections and version history and are reviewed by the record’s owner.
Is a withdrawal the same as a correction?
No. A withdrawal removes a record from public view and leaves a notice; a correction replaces content with a new version. See rights and disclosure.
RelatóriosContribuir

Contribua com evidências a partir desta página.

Relatórios is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRIRegistroMethods and Technical
Registro

Traga um método, um conjunto de dados ou uma pergunta.

A informação e os pedidos estão abertos hoje. Um pedido recebe uma referência e indica o próximo passo; candidaturas, pagamentos, alocações de computação e registros só abrem quando existem a equipa, os termos e a capacidade de revisão.

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