GCRI · Science and methods
NXS-GRX and data
The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) is the data and evidence system of Foundry. It holds sources, an ontology relating them, their time context, data rights and the lineage of every risk product built from them. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) uses it so every figure traces to its origin, validity, permitted use and transformations. No indicator is published without its source. Part of science and methods.
01Register
NXS-GRX and data on the record.
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation
- 01InstitutionThe Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)
- 02Five propertiesWhat NXS-GRX records for every piece of data
- 03Open standards underneathThe open standards NXS-GRX records map to
- 04Contributing dataHow a data owner can contribute, and what stays theirs
- 05Analytical integrityRules that keep analysis honest
- 06Where NXS-GRX sitsOne system among twenty in Foundry
- 07SourcesWhere this page’s references lead
02Five properties
What NXS-GRX records for every piece of data.
| Property | What it means | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Source | The original owner and authority of the data | Original source authority is retained; programme estimates stay labelled as estimates |
| Ontology | How the data relates to systems, places and other sources | Data from different sectors can be combined without confusing meanings |
| Temporal context | When the data was observed, valid and updated | Old data is not presented as current |
| Data rights | Who may see, use and publish the data | Source rights and limitations persist through every product |
| Lineage | Every transformation from source to output | A result can be reproduced and checked |
03Open standards underneath
The open standards NXS-GRX records map to.
| Need | Standard | Body and date |
|---|---|---|
| Findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable data | FAIR Guiding Principles | Wilkinson and others, Scientific Data, 2016 |
| Indigenous data governance | CARE Principles | Global Indigenous Data Alliance; Carroll and others, 2020 |
| Lineage of every product | PROV-O | W3C Recommendation, 2013 |
| Dataset catalogue records | DCAT version 3 | W3C Recommendation, 2024 |
| Spatio-temporal assets | SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog | Open community specification, version 1.0 in 2021 |
| Statistical production | Generic Statistical Business Process Model 5.1 | UNECE, 2019 |
| Independence of national statistics | Fundamental principles adopted by the UN General Assembly | Resolution 68/261, 2014 |
The proposed Nexus Standards build on these. NS-3 sets the identifier grammar for an NXS-GRX record. NS-3b sets the dataset and product metadata profile, mapped to STAC, DCAT and PROV-O. NS-2 sets the citation format. A record identifier names and resolves a record; it confers no status on the data.
04Contributing data
How a data owner can contribute, and what stays theirs.
- Ownership stays with the source. The original agency or community is named on every product and keeps its terms.
- Terms first. A source agreement records licence, sensitivity, refresh and correction routes before any data is used.
- Corrections flow downstream. When a source corrects a series, lineage shows which products depend on it.
- Where it is published. Rights-cleared releases are listed under public data and datasets and feed the Country Quarterly series.
05Analytical integrity
Rules that keep analysis honest.
- 01
Evidence labels
Observed, published statistics, institution-reported, estimated, modelled, forecast, scenario, expert judgement or unknown.
- 02
Missing is missing
Gaps are shown as gaps, never filled with zero or silently imputed.
- 03
No borrowed indices
Nexus indicators use NXS-GRX-native names and units, without invented values or third-party index names.
- 04
Fusion with care
When sources are combined, the uncertainty of each carries into the result.
06Where NXS-GRX sits
One system among twenty in Foundry.
NXS-GRX is one of the twenty Foundry systems: see NXS-GRX. It works with NXS-EOP (earth observation and digital twins) for Earth observation and NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation) for scenarios. Released, rights-cleared datasets are under public data and datasets. The stewardship methods are under data engineering, interoperability and stewardship.
Describing NXS-GRX here does not mean a given dataset or service is available. Services follow the current scope, information and enquiries.
07Sources
Where this page’s references lead.
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
- Wilkinson and others, The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship, Scientific Data 3 (2016)
- Carroll and others, The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance, Data Science Journal 19 (2020)
- PROV-O: the PROV ontology (W3C Recommendation, 2013)
- Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) Version 3 (W3C Recommendation, 2024)
- SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog specification, version 1.0 and later
- Generic Statistical Business Process Model, version 5.1 (UNECE, 2019)
- UN General Assembly resolution 68/261 on the fundamental principles for national statistical systems (2014)
- NS-3, NXS-GRX record UNIs, a proposed standard
- NS-3b, Dataset and product metadata profile (STAC, DCAT, PROV-O), a proposed standard
08Questions
Questions and answers.
Can I access data in NXS-GRX?
Released, rights-cleared datasets are listed in the research library. Other data stays with its owners and is used only under agreed terms within authorised projects.
What happens when a source is corrected?
The correction is recorded with its date, and products that depend on the source can be traced through lineage and updated, with their own correction history.
Does NXS-GRX store personal data?
Risk products are built from aggregated or permitted data. Where a project involves personal data, it is handled under the applicable privacy terms and never published in outputs.
Why not use well-known external risk indices?
GCRI publishes its own indicators with transparent methods and sources. Third-party data can be a source where rights allow, but it keeps its owner’s name and terms.
ReportsContribute
Contribute evidence from this page.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
GCRI
- EmailGateway GW-GCRISend it from this pageEvidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.
- ZenodoOpen depositDeposit it and submit to the communityPublish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.
- ReportsGCRISee every way to contributeThe contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.
Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.
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