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GCRI · Società e sviluppo umano

Istruzione e capacità

Istruzione builds the capabilities people need to lead lives they value: literacy, numeracy, skills and the confidence to participate. Many children attend school without learning foundational skills, and crises close schools and push children out. This page sets out how learning happens and is disrupted, how access and learning are measured, and what evidence serves the education authorities and agencies responsible.

01Registrare

Education and capabilities on the record.

02La domanda

Education and capabilities: how the risk develops.

Learning inequality and societal opportunity. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

Meccanismo

Schooling is not learning

Enrolment has risen widely, but many children leave primary school unable to read a simple text. Foundational learning is the core gap.

Meccanismo

Lost learning compounds

Children who fall behind early struggle to catch up, and school closures in crises widen gaps that persist.

Meccanismo

Barriers differ by group

Poverty, gender norms, disability, displacement and language keep particular groups out of school or learning less.

Meccanismo

Schools need protection

Attacks on schools, disasters and use of schools as shelters interrupt education; safe school planning reduces disruption.

03Monitoraggio

Social protection and cohesion.

La schermata che un gruppo utilizzerebbe per seguire questo tema: misure, stati e decisioni. I nomi sono esempi e i valori sono illustrativi.

Social protection and cohesion

Education and capabilities · Urban ward 9 · Year 2

Survey wave closedGCRI · Società e sviluppo umano

Coverage by quintile

050100share of households receiving supportQ1Q2Q3Q4Q5

Cohesion survey

Trust in neighbours5847▼ 3
Trust in local authority4758▼ 5
Reported discrimination1212▲ 4
Social protection and cohesion: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Education and capabilities.Nomi di esempio e valori illustrativi; un progetto, non un registro né un sistema attivo.
04Tra i domini

Education builds the capability to manage risk in every domain.

05Metodi ed evidenze

How education and capabilities is modelled, measured and tested.

Il modello, le sue ipotesi, i suoi dati e la sua incertezza, nella forma in cui uno scienziato o un ingegnere li verificherebbe. Le strutture seguono metodi pubblicati. I valori rappresentati sono illustrativi, non risultati.

Modello di sistema

The couplings between the systems in education and capabilities: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−+SocietàInformazioneComunitàEconomiaR di rinforzoB bilanciamento
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
Principi guida FAIR · GO FAIR e FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumGuidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Comitato sui satelliti per l'osservazione della Terra
06Indicatori

Cosa viene misurato e con quale accuratezza.

Ogni indicatore riporta la sua unità, la sua cadenza, il tipo di fonte su cui si basa e l'etichetta di evidenza che un valore riporterebbe. Non sono mostrati valori: un programma li fornisce sotto la propria autorità.

IndicatoreUnitàCadenzaTipo di fonteEtichetta
Out-of-school ratepercent of children of school ageannualeUIS dataSTIMATO
Learning povertypercent of ten-year-olds unable to read and understand a simple textper valutazioneWorld Bank and UIS estimatesSTIMATO
Minimum proficiency in reading and mathematicspercent of studentsper valutazioneSDG indicator 4.1.1 assessmentsOSSERVATO
School days lost to closuresgiorniper eventoIstruzione ministry recordsRIPORTATO
Gender parity index in enrolmentratioannualeUIS dataStatistiche pubblicate
Education spendingpercentuale del PILannualeUIS and budget dataStatistiche pubblicate
07Fonti

Da dove provengono le evidenze.

Set di dati pubblici e registri istituzionali specifici, ciascuno con la sua classe di licenza. Le fonti soggette ad accordo sono utilizzate solo alle relative condizioni e mai ripubblicate.

FonteCosa fornisceClasse di licenza
Istituto di statistica dell'UNESCOEnrolment, completion, learning and spendingOpen, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
UNESCO Global Istruzione Monitoring ReportAnalysis of progress on education goalsPublic, UNESCO terms
International learning assessments such as PISA, TIMSS, PIRLS and regional assessmentsRisultati di apprendimentoPublic results, terms per programme
Global Coalition to Protect Education from AttackAttacks on educationPublic, terms to check
Comprehensive School Safety Framework resourcesSafe schools planningPublic, terms per publisher (to check)
08Decisioni

Chi decide, e a cosa servono le evidenze.

Society and Human Development prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

Chi decideLa domandaEvidenze fornite da questa pagina
Istruzione ministriesWhere to focus on access and foundational learningProfiles; programme evaluations
Education in emergencies agenciesHow to keep children learning in crisesDisruption and recovery evidence
Finance ministries and donorsHow much to invest and whereSpending and outcome evidence

Output prodotti da questo argomento

  • Access and learning profiles by group
  • Evaluations of foundational learning programmes
  • Disruption and recovery analyses for crises
  • Evidence notes for education planning
09Questioni centrali

Le domande che si pongono gli esperti.

  • Who is in school, and who is actually learning?
  • How do disasters, conflict and epidemics interrupt education, and what are the lasting effects?
  • How does education change people’s capacity to prepare for and recover from shocks?
  • Which interventions recover lost learning?
  • How do skills sistemi prepare people for changing work?
10Meccanismi

Learning, disruption and capability.

Enrolment has expanded widely, but many children in school do not acquire foundational literacy and numeracy. Learning gaps follow income, gender, disability, language and location. Crises widen them: school closures interrupt learning and nutrition programmes, damaged buildings take time to rebuild, and the children most affected are usually those already behind. Learning losses can persist into adulthood as lower skills and earnings.

Istruzione also builds resilience. Educated households tend to have better health, more diversified livelihoods and greater ability to use warnings and information. In the capability approach, education expands the real freedoms people have to choose how to live. Skills sistemi shape whether workers can adapt as technology and cambiamento climatico alter labour markets.

Gender shapes these effects. In many settings girls are more likely to be withdrawn from school during economic stress or displacement, and to face early marriage, while boys may be pulled into work; recovery measures that ignore these differences leave gaps that persist into adulthood.

11Metodi e dati

Evidence on learning.

Valutazione

Learning assessments

Standardised and household-based assessments measure what children learn; comparability across sistemi is limited.

Admin data

Registri scolastici

Enrolment, attendance and infrastructure data from education systems; quality varies.

Valutazione

Impact studies

Evaluations of remedial learning, school feeding and distance learning; effects depend on context.

Limits: out-of-school and displaced children are often missing from data, and short-term test results capture only part of what education provides.

13Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

Gli organismi e i documenti alla luce dei quali si legge questa pagina. Stato ed edizioni cambiano; ogni link porta all'organismo emittente.

14Domande

Domande e risposte.

What is learning poverty?
The share of ten-year-old children unable to read and understand a simple text, combining out-of-school children and those in school who are not learning.
What is the capability approach?
A view of development, associated with Amartya Sen, that focuses on people’s real freedoms to be and do what they value, such as being educated and healthy.
How do crises affect education?
They close or damage schools, displace children and teachers, and push families to withdraw children, causing learning losses that persist.
Does the platform design curricula?
No. It studies learning inequality and the effects of crises on education. Curricula belong to education authorities.
Can remote learning replace schools in a crisis?
It can reduce losses where connectivity, devices and support exist, but evidence shows it often widens gaps for those without them.
Why is education a risk topic?
Because it shapes how people prepare for, understand and recover from shocks, and because crises can cause lasting learning losses.
RapportiContribuisci

Contribuisci con evidenze da questa pagina.

Rapporti is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRISocietà e sviluppo umanoRischio e resilienza dei sistemi nazionaliNota sulle evidenze
Società e sviluppo umano

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