Skip to content

GCRI · المجتمع والتنمية البشرية

التعليم والقدرات

التعليم builds the capabilities people need to lead lives they value: literacy, numeracy, skills and the confidence to participate. Many children attend school without learning foundational skills, and crises close schools and push children out. This page sets out how learning happens and is disrupted, how access and learning are measured, and what evidence serves the education authorities and agencies responsible.

02السؤال

Education and capabilities: how the risk develops.

Learning inequality and societal opportunity. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

الآلية

Schooling is not learning

Enrolment has risen widely, but many children leave primary school unable to read a simple text. Foundational learning is the core gap.

الآلية

Lost learning compounds

Children who fall behind early struggle to catch up, and school closures in crises widen gaps that persist.

الآلية

Barriers differ by group

Poverty, gender norms, disability, displacement and language keep particular groups out of school or learning less.

الآلية

Schools need protection

Attacks on schools, disasters and use of schools as shelters interrupt education; safe school planning reduces disruption.

03الرصد

Social protection and cohesion.

الشاشة التي قد يستخدمها فريق لمتابعة هذا الموضوع: مقاييسه وحالاته وقراراته. والأسماء أمثلة والقيم توضيحية.

Social protection and cohesion

Education and capabilities · Urban ward 9 · Year 2

Survey wave closedGCRI · المجتمع والتنمية البشرية

Coverage by quintile

050100share of households receiving supportQ1Q2Q3Q4Q5

Cohesion survey

Trust in neighbours5847▼ 3
Trust in local authority4758▼ 5
Reported discrimination1212▲ 4
Social protection and cohesion: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Education and capabilities.أسماء مثالية وقيم توضيحية؛ تصميم وليس سجلًا ولا نظامًا حيًا.
05الأساليب والأدلة

How education and capabilities is modelled, measured and tested.

النموذج وافتراضاته وبياناته وعدم اليقين فيه، بالصورة التي يفحصها بها عالم أو مهندس. وتتبع البنى أساليب منشورة. والقيم المرسومة توضيحية، وليست نتائج.

نموذج النظام

The couplings between the systems in education and capabilities: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−+المجتمعالمعلوماتالمجتمعاتالاقتصاد⁨R⁩ معزِّزة⁨B⁩ موازِنة
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
مبادئ FAIR التوجيهية · GO FAIR وFORCE11⁨W3C PROV⁩ · اتحاد الشبكة العالميةإرشادات بشأن المعالجة المتسقة لأوجه عدم اليقين · الهيئة الحكومية الدولية المعنية بتغير المناخبيانات CEOS الجاهزة للتحليل · لجنة سواتل رصد الأرض
06المؤشرات الفرعية

ما الذي يُقاس، ومدى جودة قياسه.

يحمل كل مؤشر وحدته ووتيرته ونوع المصدر الذي يستند إليه ووسم الأدلة الذي ستحمله القيمة. ولا تُعرض أي قيم: فالبرنامج يقدّمها بموجب سلطته الخاصة.

المؤشرالوحدةوتيرة الإصدارنوع المصدرالوسم
Out-of-school ratepercent of children of school ageسنويUIS dataمُقدَّر
Learning povertypercent of ten-year-olds unable to read and understand a simple textلكل تقييمWorld Bank and UIS estimatesمُقدَّر
Minimum proficiency in reading and mathematicspercent of studentsلكل تقييمSDG indicator 4.1.1 assessmentsمرصود
School days lost to closuresأياملكل حدثالتعليم ministry recordsمُبلَّغ عنه
Gender parity index in enrolmentratioسنويUIS dataالإحصاءات المنشورة
Education spendingالنسبة المئوية من الناتج المحلي الإجماليسنويUIS and budget dataالإحصاءات المنشورة
07المصادر

من أين تأتي الأدلة.

مجموعات بيانات عامة مسمّاة وسجلات مؤسسية، لكلٍّ منها فئة ترخيصها. ولا تُستخدم المصادر المتاحة بموجب اتفاق إلا وفق شروطها، ولا يُعاد نشرها أبدًا.

المصدرما يقدّمهفئة الترخيص
معهد اليونسكو (⁨UNESCO⁩) للإحصاءEnrolment, completion, learning and spendingOpen, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
UNESCO Global التعليم Monitoring ReportAnalysis of progress on education goalsPublic, UNESCO terms
International learning assessments such as PISA, TIMSS, PIRLS and regional assessmentsنواتج التعلّمPublic results, terms per programme
Global Coalition to Protect Education from AttackAttacks on educationPublic, terms to check
Comprehensive School Safety Framework resourcesSafe schools planningPublic, terms per publisher (to check)
08القرارات

من يقرر، وما الذي تخدمه الأدلة.

Society and Human Development prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

من يقررالسؤالالأدلة التي تخدمها هذه الصفحة
التعليم ministriesWhere to focus on access and foundational learningProfiles; programme evaluations
Education in emergencies agenciesHow to keep children learning in crisesDisruption and recovery evidence
Finance ministries and donorsHow much to invest and whereSpending and outcome evidence

المخرجات التي يُنتجها هذا الموضوع

  • Access and learning profiles by group
  • Evaluations of foundational learning programmes
  • Disruption and recovery analyses for crises
  • Evidence notes for education planning
09الأسئلة الجوهرية

الأسئلة التي يطرحها الخبراء.

  • Who is in school, and who is actually learning?
  • How do disasters, conflict and epidemics interrupt education, and what are the lasting effects?
  • How does education change people’s capacity to prepare for and recover from shocks?
  • Which interventions recover lost learning?
  • How do skills النظم prepare people for changing work?
10الآليات

Learning, disruption and capability.

Enrolment has expanded widely, but many children in school do not acquire foundational literacy and numeracy. Learning gaps follow income, gender, disability, language and location. Crises widen them: school closures interrupt learning and nutrition programmes, damaged buildings take time to rebuild, and the children most affected are usually those already behind. Learning losses can persist into adulthood as lower skills and earnings.

التعليم also builds resilience. Educated households tend to have better health, more diversified livelihoods and greater ability to use warnings and information. In the capability approach, education expands the real freedoms people have to choose how to live. Skills النظم shape whether workers can adapt as technology and تغير المناخ alter labour markets.

Gender shapes these effects. In many settings girls are more likely to be withdrawn from school during economic stress or displacement, and to face early marriage, while boys may be pulled into work; recovery measures that ignore these differences leave gaps that persist into adulthood.

11المناهج والبيانات

Evidence on learning.

التقييم

Learning assessments

Standardised and household-based assessments measure what children learn; comparability across النظم is limited.

Admin data

السجلات المدرسية

Enrolment, attendance and infrastructure data from education systems; quality varies.

التقييم

Impact studies

Evaluations of remedial learning, school feeding and distance learning; effects depend on context.

Limits: out-of-school and displaced children are often missing from data, and short-term test results capture only part of what education provides.

13Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

الهيئات والوثائق التي تُقرأ هذه الصفحة في ضوئها. وتتغير الحالات والإصدارات؛ ويقود كل رابط إلى الهيئة المُصدِرة.

14أسئلة

أسئلة وأجوبة.

What is learning poverty?
The share of ten-year-old children unable to read and understand a simple text, combining out-of-school children and those in school who are not learning.
What is the capability approach?
A view of development, associated with Amartya Sen, that focuses on people’s real freedoms to be and do what they value, such as being educated and healthy.
How do crises affect education?
They close or damage schools, displace children and teachers, and push families to withdraw children, causing learning losses that persist.
Does the platform design curricula?
No. It studies learning inequality and the effects of crises on education. Curricula belong to education authorities.
Can remote learning replace schools in a crisis?
It can reduce losses where connectivity, devices and support exist, but evidence shows it often widens gaps for those without them.
Why is education a risk topic?
Because it shapes how people prepare for, understand and recover from shocks, and because crises can cause lasting learning losses.
التقاريرساهم

ساهم بأدلة من هذه الصفحة.

التقارير is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRIالمجتمع والتنمية البشريةمخاطر النظم القُطرية وقدرتها على الصمودموجز الأدلة
المجتمع والتنمية البشرية

قدّم منهجية أو مجموعة بيانات أو سؤالا.

المعلومات والاستفسارات متاحة اليوم. ويحصل الاستفسار على رقم مرجعي ويحدد الخطوة التالية؛ ولا تُفتح الطلبات والمدفوعات وتخصيصات الحوسبة والتسجيلات إلا حين يتوافر فريقها وشروطها وقدرة المراجعة.