Data appendix
The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.
Contents
- ·Edition home
- ·Executive summary
- 1Health threats cross every line
- 2Key findings
- 3Systems and sectors at baseline
- 4Risks and capability
- 5High-consequence outbreak that overlaps reduced financing and thin surveillance
- 6Readings from the other desks
- 7The 2027 agenda
- 8Systems in depth
- AMethodology
- BData appendix
- CReferences and record
- ·Complete edition, for print
B.1The indicator set
| Indicator | Value | Unit | Year | State | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ebola Bundibugyo confirmed cases, DRC | 8,116 | cases | to 27 Sep 2026 | Reported | 47 |
| Ebola Bundibugyo confirmed deaths, DRC | 3,924 | deaths | to 27 Sep 2026 | Reported | 47 |
| Health zones affected, DRC | 63 of 167 | zones | to 27 Sep 2026 | Reported | 47 |
| States Parties rejecting IHR amendments | 11 of 196 | States Parties | 2025 | Reported | 4 |
| Zero-dose children | 13.5 | million | 2025 | Reported | 8 |
| Two-dose measles coverage | 77 | % | 2025 | Reported | 8 |
| Measles deaths | 95,000 | deaths | 2024 | Reported | 9 |
| Infections resistant to treatment | ≈ 1 in 6 | share | 2023 | Reported | 6 |
| Bacterial AMR-associated deaths | > 4.7 | million | 2021 | Reported | 7 |
| Cholera cases | 451,499 | cases | 2025 | Reported | 10 |
| Cholera deaths | 7,870 | deaths | 2025 | Reported | 10 |
| Dengue cases | > 14.6 | million | 2024 | Reported | 11 |
| Tuberculosis, people falling ill | 10.7 | million | 2024 | Reported | 12 |
| Development assistance for health | 39 | USD billion | 2025 | Reported | 22 |
| US dairy herds with H5 detections since 2024 | 1,088 | herds | to 1 Mar 2026 | Reported | 48 |
B.2Global source register
The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.
Domains bound by the register
- HLT
- BIO
- FIN
- WAT
- DAT
- CLI
- INF
- TRD
- FOO
- ENE
| Source | Category | Coverage | Period | Cadence | Role |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECDC Ebola update47 | EU agency | DRC and region | 2026 | weekly | outbreak counts |
| WHO Disease Outbreak News2526 | UN agency | DRC and Uganda | 2026 | per event | outbreak counts |
| WHO IHR notice4 | UN agency | global | 2025 | one-off | rules in force |
| WHO Assembly notices123 | UN agency | global | 2026 | per session | annex status |
| WHO GLASS report6 | UN agency | global | 2023 | annual | resistance |
| WHO immunisation and measles fact sheets89 | UN agency | global | 2024 to 2025 | annual | immunity |
| FAO, WHO and WOAH H5 assessment48 | UN agencies | global | 2024 to 2026 | periodic | dairy herd detections |
| IHME Financing Global Health22 | research institute | global | 2025 | annual | aid for health |
| WHO cholera, dengue, TB fact sheets101112 | UN agency | global | 2024 to 2025 | annual | disease burden |
| GPMB reports16 | independent board | global | 2026 | annual | preparedness monitoring |
B.3Regional reading, ten regional clusters
Map plates follow with the regional Baseline Editions, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form and ranks no region.
| Region | Principal hazards | Systems most exposed | Baseline evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| North America | H5 in dairy herds; measles | animal health, immunity | FAO, WHO and WOAH48; WHO9 |
| South America | dengue; vector-borne spread | vector control, water | WHO dengue sheet11 |
| Europe | imported cases; surveillance; resistance | surveillance, borders | ECDC47; WHO26 |
| Eurasia | regional evidence not bound | not bound | not bound |
| Middle East and North Africa | protection of health care in conflict | health care, water | WHO Assembly update3 |
| Africa | Ebola Bundibugyo; mpox; cholera; Marburg | outbreak response, water | ECDC47; WHO51019 |
| South Asia | resistance; wild polio in Pakistan and Afghanistan | immunity, surveillance | WHO629 |
| East Asia | regional evidence not bound | not bound | not bound |
| ASEAN | regional evidence not bound | not bound | not bound |
| Oceania-Pacific | regional evidence not bound | not bound | not bound |
B.4Regional card: eastern DRC and neighbours
- region
- outbreak
- cross-border
- no licensed countermeasure
- Systems in view
- health, trade, travel, water
- Defining events
- Bundibugyo virus disease emergency declared in May 202624
- Couplings
- BIO → HLT; HLT → TRD; FIN → HLT
- Capability evidence
- contact follow-up and trial protocols under way2547
- Gaps
- cross-border data; unreported cases; countermeasures
- Agenda items
- H-01 · H-02
The DRC reported 8,116 confirmed cases and 3,924 deaths in seven provinces; Uganda reported 20 confirmed cases earlier in 2026 [47].
OUTBREAK
Counts to 27 September 2026
No licensed vaccine or specific treatment exists; candidate products are in trials and a licensed Ebola vaccine is being used in a research protocol [47].
RESPONSE
Countermeasures
In June 2026 WHO assessed risk as very high in the DRC, high in Uganda and neighbouring countries and low globally [25].
RISK
Assessment
B.5How countries appear in the global edition
Countries enter the health security edition through the health chapters of their own national editions, on one card grammar. They are read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.
| Card field | What it shows | Source |
|---|---|---|
| WEFH+B state | each core system against peer distribution bands | national edition |
| Couplings | the national dependency matrix | national edition |
| Risk objects | the national risk portfolio | national edition |
| Capability rungs | the national capability ladder | national edition |
| Evidence age | oldest and newest source dates | national source register |
Editions in the 2026 Baseline programme
26national
countries and unions
10regional
clusters
16global
flagship and sector
20frontier
technology reports
How to read a country card
- Each system is shown against the distribution of its peers, with thresholds where they exist
- Couplings and risk objects come from the country’s own national edition
- Capability rungs record evidence, not a judgement of institutions
- Evidence age is printed, so older national data are visible as such
| Wave | Countries and unions | State |
|---|---|---|
| W0 | Canada | ISSUED |
| W1 | United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, European Union, Switzerland | PLANNED |
| W2 | Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Türkiye, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, South Africa, Senegal, Kenya, African Union, India, China, Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Singapore, Australia | PLANNED |
B.6Licences
| Material | Licence |
|---|---|
| Text | CC BY 4.0 |
| Data | on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0 |
| Figures | Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited |
| Maps | boundary source and licence printed on each plate |
| Metadata | CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it |
| Third-party data, figures and text | The source’s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed |
| Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence. | |
B.7Formats and provenance
| Format | Kind | State | What it is | Identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Web edition | HTML | On this site | Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source. | NR-STRATEGIC-HEALTHSECURITY-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0 |
| Print edition | At release | A4 portrait · screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release. | NR-STRATEGIC-HEALTHSECURITY-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0 | |
| Indicator data | CSV · JSON | On this site | 15 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release. | NR-STRATEGIC-HEALTHSECURITY-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE data release v1 |
| Figures | SVG · PNG | On this site | 4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder. | FIG-STRATEGIC-HEALTHSECURITY-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE-* |
| Slides | Not recorded | No slide deck is recorded for this edition. | ||
| Evidence brief | HTML · PDF | Not recorded | No evidence brief is recorded for this edition. | |
| Dataset with DOI | DataCite | At release | Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet. |
Provenance
- Edition pack
- The edition’s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built
- Evidence cut
- DC-STRATEGIC-HEALTHSECURITY-GLOBAL-2026-B0, closed 30 September 2026
- Reproducibility
- sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters
- Self-check
- 14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release
- Review
- five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)
- Publisher of record
- The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium
- Corrections
- Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version
Notes
Numbers are the edition’s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. Annex C, references
- 47ECDC (ed.), Ebola disease outbreak caused by Bundibugyo virus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, update of 30 September 2026 (cases up to 27 September 2026: 8,116 confirmed and 3,924 deaths; seven provinces; 63 of 167 health zones; Uganda 20 confirmed cases). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 4WHO (ed.), Amended International Health Regulations enter into force, news release of 19 September 2025 (11 of 196 States Parties rejected; pandemic emergency level; National IHR Authorities). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 8WHO (ed.), Immunisation coverage, fact sheet (WUENIC estimates for 2025, released 15 July 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 9WHO (ed.), Measles, fact sheet (95,000 deaths in 2024; coverage in 2025; page dated 15 July 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 6WHO (ed.), WHO warns of widespread resistance to common antibiotics worldwide, news release of 13 October 2025 on the Global antibiotic resistance surveillance report 2025 (data year 2023; 104 reporting countries). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 7WHO (ed.), Antimicrobial resistance, fact sheet (more than 4.7 million deaths associated with bacterial resistance in 2021; 10% reduction target by 2030). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 10WHO (ed.), Cholera, fact sheet (451,499 cases and 7,870 deaths reported from 47 countries in 2025). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 11WHO (ed.), Dengue and severe dengue, fact sheet of 21 August 2025 (more than 14.6 million cases in 2024). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 12WHO (ed.), Tuberculosis, fact sheet (10.7 million people fell ill and 1.23 million died in 2024; funding figures). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 22IHME (ed.), Financing Global Health 2025, news release of 15 July 2025 (development assistance for health USD 39 billion in 2025; USD 80 billion peak in 2021; US financing down 67%), read through a syndicated release. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 48FAO, WHO and WOAH (eds.), Updated joint FAO/WHO/WOAH public health assessment of recent high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5) virus events in animals and people, 18 May 2026 (since 2024 and as of 1 March 2026, 1,088 dairy herds in 19 US states affected; human detections reported in Bangladesh, Mexico and the United States). Food and Agriculture Organization, World Health Organization and World Organisation for Animal Health, Rome, Geneva and Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 25POST-CLOSE, context only: WHO (ed.), Disease Outbreak News 2026-DON607, 13 June 2026 (695 confirmed cases; risk assessment; continental response plan June to November 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 26WHO (ed.), Disease Outbreak News 2026-DON612, 3 July 2026 (1,481 confirmed cases and 454 deaths; one imported case in France). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 1WHO (ed.), WHO Member States agree to extend negotiations on key annex to the Pandemic Agreement, news release of 28 March 2026 (sixth Intergovernmental Working Group meeting, 23 to 28 March 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 2WHO (ed.), WHO Member States agree to extend negotiations on the Pathogen Access and Benefit Sharing annex, news release of 1 May 2026 (resumed sixth meeting 27 April to 1 May 2026; seventh meeting 6 to 17 July 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 3WHO (ed.), Seventy-ninth World Health Assembly daily update, 19 May 2026 (decision to continue the annex negotiations; outcome to the Eightieth Assembly in May 2027 or a special session in 2026). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 16Global Preparedness Monitoring Board (ed.), A World on the Edge: Priorities for a Pandemic-Resilient Future, 2026 report (reports page read; six emergencies of international concern in the past decade). GPMB, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 5WHO (ed.), Fifth meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the upsurge of mpox 2024, statement published 30 October 2025 (Director-General determination of 5 September 2025). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 19WHO (ed.), Marburg virus disease, fact sheet (case fatality 24% to 88% in past outbreaks; Rwanda 2024: 66 cases and 15 deaths; fruit bat host). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 29WHO (ed.), Poliomyelitis, fact sheet (endemic transmission in areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan; Emergency Committee statements). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
- 24WHO (ed.), WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on Ebola outbreak in DRC and Uganda, 20 May 2026 (Bundibugyo virus; not a pandemic emergency; Contingency Fund for Emergencies). World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back