Agent-based model standards
Agent-based models across the network are documented with the ODD protocol and validated against multiple observed patterns.
GCRI · 系统科学与建模
复杂 系统 and agent-based modelling is a method this platform stewards. It studies how interactions among many parts produce system behaviour, including tipping points, feedbacks and emergence, and sets documentation and validation practice for such models.
复杂 系统 and agent-based modelling study systems whose behaviour emerges from interactions among many components. They help explain nonlinear dynamics, tipping points and collective behaviour. In methods and modelling, risk management and 系统性风险 and research and evidence, complex systems approaches explore how interacting risks can produce sudden, systemic shifts. They support stress testing of policies against emergent behaviour. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.
Agent-based models across the network are documented with the ODD protocol and validated against multiple observed patterns.
System dynamics and bifurcation analysis identify feedback loops and thresholds where small changes cause large shifts.
Statistical signals such as rising variance and autocorrelation are tested as possible warnings of approaching transitions, with false alarm rates stated.
来自 NASA GIBS 的北美洲洪水、人口密度和活跃火点数据。每个图层都标注各自的日期。
交互式地图需要JavaScript;图层列表和来源见下文。
图层 3
本页面的危害与暴露
键盘操作,地图获得焦点时
按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动以缩放
最新可用
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap贡献者 (ODbL) · Natural Earth
正在加载最新的NASA影像。
拖动以移动。按住 Ctrl 或 ⌘ 并滚动、双指缩放或使用按钮缩放;悬停可查看指针下的数值;重置可返回该区域。
危害与风险暴露,以北美为取景。NASA 发布的卫星和模型产品,各带自己的日期。它们是指标,而非对任何地点的评估。
图层与日期
团队遵循该方法时会使用的界面:其指标、状态与决策。名称为示例,数值仅作示意。
Systems science · Complex systems methods · Run R-1662
| Modelling lead | adapts after 3 losses | 0.8 | survey, labelled |
| 模型管理方 | adapts after 3 losses | 0.6 | survey, labelled |
| Validation reviewer | adapts after 5 losses | 0.5 | survey, labelled |
Models are evaluated by matching multiple stylised facts and patterns at different scales. Sensitivity and robustness analysis test dependence on assumptions.
| 核查 | 如何开展 |
|---|---|
| Pattern-oriented validation | Models reproduce several patterns at different scales |
| Robustness of tipping points | Thresholds are tested under parameter variation |
| False alarm assessment | 预警 indicators are tested where no transition occurred |
Many plausible models can reproduce the same patterns. Calibration and validation data are often limited.
两个存量,即压力和 适应能力,由一个增强型增长回路、一个延迟的平衡响应以及压力超过能力时的损害连接在一起;越过阈值后,系统可能发生突变。这是带有说明性取值的教学模型,不是预测。本页地图显示北美洲;模型本身并不绑定某个地点。
控制措施
读数
| 年份 | 压力 | 能力 | 感知 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 20.0 | 50.0 | 20.0 |
| 4 | 23.3 | 44.9 | 21.2 |
| 8 | 27.2 | 42.2 | 24.0 |
| 12 | 31.7 | 42.3 | 27.7 |
| 16 | 36.8 | 45.5 | 32.2 |
| 20 | 42.3 | 51.5 | 37.2 |
| 24 | 47.9 | 60.3 | 42.6 |
| 28 | 53.2 | 71.3 | 48.0 |
| 32 | 57.8 | 84.3 | 53.1 |
| 36 | 66.4 | 98.4 | 58.4 |
| 40 | 82.7 | 115.9 | 69.7 |
| 44 | 97.8 | 139.7 | 83.8 |
| 48 | 109.1 | 169.4 | 97.3 |
No observed data enters this model: it runs on the teaching values set by the controls, to be replaced with a programme’s own evidence.
贯穿六大支柱,由 Nexus Consortium 牵头
Assembled from the Nexus Standards area profile 复合与级联危害标准: the hazards it names, the 系统 and sectors that carry the loss, the controls that dampen it and the data that observe it. Choose the components, pick an initiating hazard and step through the cascade. The Map view places the run on an example geography with open data. Every coupling weight is a stated assumption you can change. A teaching model, not a forecast, an assessment or a certification. To model a place of your own choosing, open the full System Builder.
灾害
系统与耦合
控制措施
NS-0 章程与原则NS-3 风险记录 UNI(语法、旧编码对照、分配机构)NS-9 情境 UNI(部署、实例、计划实例)NS-11 验证与监测(证据、证明、零信任符合性观测)NRS-H61 危害族:级联失效(NHS-1 sys.cascade)NRS-H62 危害类别:复合与多危害事件(NHS-1 sys.compound)NRS-H60 危害类别:供应链与流动中断(NHS-1 sys.supply-chain)NRS-H94 危害族:系统性网络事件(NHS-1 cyber.systemic-cyber)NRS-H107 危害族:数字基础设施集中与单一化(NHS-1 tech.digital-concentration)NRS-H7 危害类别:大尺度环流异常(NHS-1 atmo.climate-mode)观测
示例地理范围
系统 Science and Modelling stewards complex systems and agent-based modelling for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.
模型、其假设、数据和不确定性,以科学家或工程师会核查的形式呈现。结构遵循已发表的方法。所取数值仅为示意,不是研究发现。
The model structure used for complex systems methods, the assumptions it makes and how each is tested.
Ri = f(Hi, Ei, Vi, Ci)危害、风险暴露、脆弱性和应对能力EAL = ∑k pk · Lk对年概率为 pkxt+1 = A xt + B ut + εtA carries the couplings, u the shock, ε the error| 假设 | 为何制作 | 如何检验 |
|---|---|---|
| 在一次事件中,危害与暴露相互独立 | 使损失积分保持可计算 | 与基于联合记录拟合的 copula 进行比较 |
| 耦合在工作点附近是线性的 | 让冲击通过 A 传播 | 在线性范围之外施加扰动并比较 |
| 脆弱性曲线可以在不同地点之间迁移使用 | 很少有本地曲线可用 | 在有观测损失的地方据此进行验证 |
报告 is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
切勿发送个人数据、敏感基础设施细节或您无权分享的任何内容。贡献在使用前会经过审查;发送贡献不赋予署名权或编辑权,赞助也绝不能换取研究结论。
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