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GCRI · Kota dan Lingkungan Terbangun

Ilmu sosial untuk kota

Social and behavioural science explains how people experience the city: housing choices, travel, tenure, participation and inequality. In this field it supplies surveys, qualitative research and participatory methods that put residents’ experience beside physical data.

01Daftar

Social science for cities on the record.

Catatan metodeMetode STEM
  1. MetodeIlmu sosial dan perilaku
  2. Diterapkan diKota dan Lingkungan Terbangun
  3. Halaman kanonisSTEM Commons
02Permohonan

What social and behavioural science does here.

Social and behavioural science studies how individuals, groups and institutions think, act and organise. It explains vulnerability, persepsi risiko, compliance and collective response to shocks. In cities and built environment, infrastruktur kritis and society and human development, social science identifies who is exposed and less able to cope, and why warnings are or are not acted upon. It informs equitable design of policies and interventions across interconnected risks. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.

Housing and tenure surveys

Household surveys record housing costs, tenure, crowding and moves, with samples designed to include renters and informal residents.

Participatory planning research

Workshops and interviews with residents document local priorities and knowledge of hazards for use in plans, with consent and feedback.

Displacement studies

Studies follow households affected by evictions, disasters or redevelopment to understand where they go and how they fare.

03Pantau

Analisis survei.

Layar yang akan digunakan sebuah tim untuk mengikuti metode ini: ukuran, status, dan keputusannya. Nama adalah contoh dan nilai bersifat ilustratif.

Analisis survei

Cities · Social science for cities · Run R-8630

Estimasi stabilGCRI · Kota dan Lingkungan Terbangun

Estimasi

galat standar yang tangguh

Population in flood zone−0.190.13[−0.2, 0.7]Ya
Land surface temperature anomaly−0.060.11[−0.4, 0.3]Tidak
Green and blue cover0.000.06[0.1, 0.6]Ya
Housing cost to income0.250.20[−0.1, 0.9]Ya

Kartu metode

Metode
Ilmu sosial dan perilaku
Sampel
9224 obs
Desain
terstratifikasi, berbobot
Label
DIMODELKAN

Residu per kelompok

Survey analysis: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Cities.Nama contoh dan nilai ilustratif; sebuah rancangan, bukan catatan atau sistem yang aktif.
04Data

Apa yang digunakan metode ini.

Datasets and records used by social and behavioural science on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in register sumber.

DataPeranLabel
Household surveysHousing and tenureDILAPORKAN
Qualitative interviewsExperience and prioritiesDILAPORKAN
Administrative recordsEvictions and movesStatistik terbitan
05Simulator

Efek berantai melalui jaringan yang saling bergantung.

A Jejak bahaya melumpuhkan aset yang berada di lokasi sama pada setiap lapisan; fragmentasi, ketergantungan antarlapisan, dan kelebihan beban pada yang selamat kemudian menyebarkan kegagalan. Tampilan 3D memisahkan lapisan menurut kedalaman. Model pengajaran dengan nilai ilustratif yang dinyatakan, bukan prediksi.

Kendali

Aset per lapisan
18
Jejak bahaya
8% dari luas wilayah
Aset yang bergantung pada lapisan lain
60%
Kapasitas cadangan (toleransi)
30%

Pembacaan

Aset yang terdampak bahaya
17%
Aset yang masih berfungsi
44%
Penguatan kerusakan awal
3.3 times
Langkah menuju stabil
3
Angka, metode, dan sumber
LangkahTransportasi berfungsi (%)Daya berfungsi (%)Telekomunikasi berfungsi (%)
0898378
1786156
2615028
3615022

Metode

  1. Jaringan yang saling bergantung Buldyrev dan lainnya (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464
  2. Rambatan kelebihan beban Motter and Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66
  3. Beban keantaraan Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25
  4. Jaringan multilapis Kivela and others (2014), Journal of Complex Networks 2
  5. Saling ketergantungan infrastruktur Rinaldi, Peerenboom and Kelly (2001), IEEE Control Systems 21(6)
  6. Kipas ketidakpastian (Monte Carlo parameter) Spiegelhalter, Pearson and Short (2011), Visualising uncertainty about the future, Science 333
  7. Sensitivitas satu per satu (tornado) Saltelli and others (2008), Global Sensitivity Analysis: The Primer, Wiley

Data

The model runs on the teaching values set by the controls. To calibrate it for a place, read it against these admitted layers and series, which this page’s map can draw:

  • Jalan utama Natural Earth
  • Jalur kereta api Natural Earth
  • Pelabuhan laut Natural Earth
  • Bandar udara Natural Earth
  • Luasan perkotaan Natural Earth
  • Cahaya malam hari ini, pemadaman (VIIRS Day/Night Band) NASA/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP) · register nasa.gibs.context-live-layers
  • Peristiwa alam (NASA EONET) NASA EONET · register nasa.eonet.events
Efek berantai (kaskade) melalui jaringan yang saling bergantung. Model pengajaran ilustratif: model ini berjalan pada nilai yang ditetapkan oleh kontrol, bukan pada data terukur. Metode: Jaringan yang saling bergantung (Buldyrev dan lainnya (2010), Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks, Nature 464); Kaskade kelebihan beban (Motter dan Lai (2002), Physical Review E 66); Beban keantaraan (Brandes (2001), Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25).
06Validasi

Cara hasil diperiksa.

Findings are tested through replication, triangulation of methods and pre-registered designs. Measurement instruments are checked for reliability and validity.

PemeriksaanCara pelaksanaannya
Sampling coverageSamples are checked for inclusion of renters, informal residents and minorities
Ethics reviewResearch with residents passes ethics review and uses informed consent
Feedback to participantsFindings are returned to participating communities

Behaviour is context dependent and may change under stress. Self-reported data carry recall and social desirability biases.

07Metode dan bukti

How social science for cities is modelled, measured and tested.

Model, asumsi, data, dan ketidakpastiannya, dalam bentuk yang akan diperiksa ilmuwan atau insinyur. Strukturnya mengikuti metode yang dipublikasikan. Nilai yang digambar bersifat ilustratif, bukan temuan.

Model sistem

The couplings between the systems in social science for cities: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−++KotaInfrastruktur kritisMasyarakatKomunitasEkonomiR penguatB penyeimbang
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
Prinsip panduan FAIR · GO FAIR dan FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumPanduan penanganan ketidakpastian secara konsisten · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
09Pengelolaan

Siapa yang memelihara metode ini.

Masyarakat dan Pembangunan Manusia stewards social and behavioural science for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.

10Terhubung

Ke mana halaman ini mengarah di seluruh Konsorsium.

11Pertanyaan

Tanya jawab.

What are the limits of social and behavioural science in this field?
Behaviour is context dependent and may change under stress. Self-reported data carry recall and social desirability biases.
Bagaimana hasil diperiksa?
Findings are tested through replication, triangulation of methods and pre-registered designs. Measurement instruments are checked for reliability and validity.
Apakah nilai di halaman ini nyata?
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
Di mana lagi metode ini diterapkan?
Observatory Halaman metode kanonis mencantumkan setiap platform yang menerapkannya.
LaporanBerkontribusi

Kontribusikan bukti dari halaman ini.

Laporan is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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Bawa metode, dataset, atau pertanyaan.

Informasi dan pertanyaan sudah terbuka hari ini. Sebuah pertanyaan menerima nomor referensi dan menyebutkan langkah berikutnya; lamaran, pembayaran, alokasi komputasi, dan pendaftaran hanya dibuka ketika tim, ketentuan, dan kapasitas tinjauannya tersedia.