The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)
Where Energy Nexus gets its data, on what terms, with what quality and with which known gaps.
Fig.How a finding is reviewed before it is published. Design, not a record.
The Energy Nexus source register lists the datasets and records the platform draws on, such as IEA World Energy Balances, each with its producer, licence and permitted uses, quality and known gaps. A source is listed only once its terms permit the use described, and data held by agreement is used under those terms and never republished.
Urban demand centres and the hubs that anchor digital and data infrastructure, shown for Southeast Asia as an example geography for this subject.
Who produces the data and how.
Licence, restrictions and permitted uses.
Coverage, resolution, update frequency and known errors.
How the data reached the platform and what was changed.
What is missing and how the gap is handled.
| Source | What it gives | Terms | Used in |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENTSO-E unavailability of generation units | Notified outages and derating of thermal plants | Free, registration, ENTSO-E terms | Heat and cooling, Nuclear energy safety interface |
| Copernicus Climate Change Service energy indicators | Climate-driven wind, solar and demand indicators for Europe | Free and open, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| Copernicus European and Global Flood Awareness Systems | Ensemble streamflow forecasts and seasonal outlooks | Free and open, attribution, terms per service | Hydropower and water |
| DOE Form OE-417 electric emergency incident and disturbance reports | Major outages and disturbances in the United States | Public domain | Grid disruption and recovery |
| DOE Global Energy Storage Database (Sandia) | Storage projects by technology, status and size | Public domain | Renewables and storage |
| EIA Hourly Electric Grid Monitor (Form EIA-930) | Hourly demand, generation and interchange for US balancing authorities | Public domain | Power grids and interconnection |
| EIA international energy data | Production, consumption, trade and reserves by country | Public domain | Energy security |
| EIA-860 and EIA-923 cooling water data | Plant-level cooling systems, withdrawals and consumption in the United States | Public domain | Hydropower and water |
| EIA-861 annual electric power industry report | Utility reliability indices and customer counts | Public domain | Power grids and interconnection |
| EM-DAT international disaster database (CRED) | Disaster events with their reported infrastructure impacts | Free for non-commercial use, registration | Grid disruption and recovery |
| Ember electricity data | Monthly and annual generation by source for many countries | Free and open, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| ENTSO-E and EIA hourly demand data | Load records to estimate temperature sensitivity | ENTSO-E terms; public domain | Heat and cooling |
| ENTSO-E European Resource Adequacy Assessment | Probabilistic adequacy methods and results for the European system | Public report, ENTSO-E terms | Energy security |
| ENTSO-E incident classification scale reports and expert panel reports | Classification and investigation of European grid incidents | Public reports, ENTSO-E terms | Grid disruption and recovery |
| ENTSO-E Ten-Year Network Development Plan | Planned transmission projects and system needs studies | Public report, ENTSO-E terms | Power grids and interconnection |
| ENTSO-E Transparency Platform | Load, generation, cross-border flows, transfer capacities and outages for European bidding zones | Free, registration, ENTSO-E terms | Power grids and interconnection |
| ENTSO-E Transparency Platform reservoir filling and generation | Weekly stored energy and hourly hydro generation in Europe | Free, registration, ENTSO-E terms | Hydropower and water |
| EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (FLIGHT) | Facility-level emissions in the United States | Public domain | Industrial energy systems |
| ERA5 and ERA5-HEAT (Copernicus) | Hourly temperature and thermal comfort indices worldwide | Free and open, attribution | Heat and cooling |
| ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus) | Hourly wind, irradiance and temperature to build weather-driven generation series | Free and open, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| EU emissions trading verified emissions and the Industrial Emissions Portal (EEA) | Verified emissions and pollutant releases of large installations | Free reuse, attribution | Industrial energy systems |
| EURDEP European Radiological Data Exchange Platform | Gamma dose rates from national monitoring stations in Europe | Public map; data exchange by agreement | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| Eurostat cooling and heating degree days | Degree days by country and region | Free reuse, attribution | Heat and cooling |
| Eurostat energy balances | Industrial energy use by sub-sector and fuel for European countries | Free reuse, attribution | Industrial energy systems |
| FCC Disaster Information Reporting System status reports | Communications outages during activated disasters in the United States | Public domain | Grid disruption and recovery |
| GIE AGSI+ and ALSI | Daily gas storage and LNG terminal levels in Europe | Free, registration and terms | Energy security |
| Global Energy Monitor trackers (steel, cement, coal, gas) | Plant-level industrial and fuel infrastructure | Free and open, attribution | Industrial energy systems |
| Global Reservoir and Dam Database (GRanD) and Global Dam Watch | Dam locations, reservoir capacity and main use | Free and open, attribution | Hydropower and water |
| Global Runoff Data Centre | Daily discharge from national gauge networks | Free for research and public tasks under the data policy | Hydropower and water |
| Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind Atlas (World Bank, ESMAP, DTU) | Long-term solar irradiation and wind resource maps | Free and open, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| Gridfinder | Modelled medium-voltage network extent from night-time lights and roads | Free and open, attribution | Power grids and interconnection |
| IAEA Incident and Trafficking Database fact sheets | Summaries of incidents involving nuclear and radioactive material out of regulatory control | Public summaries, IAEA terms | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| IAEA Nuclear Events Web-based System (NEWS) | Events rated on the INES scale and communicated to the public | Free access, IAEA terms | Nuclear energy safety interface |
| IAEA Power Reactor Information System (PRIS) | Reactor status, capacity, operating history and performance factors | Free access to public data, IAEA terms | Nuclear energy safety interface |
| IAEA safety standards and emergency preparedness publications | Requirements and guidance on protective actions and their criteria | Free access, IAEA terms | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| IEA cooling and buildings data | Air-conditioner stocks and cooling energy use by region | IEA terms | Heat and cooling |
| IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators | End-use energy consumption and intensity by industrial sub-sector | IEA terms; highlights free | Industrial energy systems |
| IEA World Energy Balances | Supply, transformation and final consumption by fuel and country | Licensed; selected tables free under IEA terms | Energy security |
| IHA hydropower data | Installed hydropower and pumped storage capacity by country | Terms per IHA | Hydropower and water |
| Incident investigation reports (ENTSO-E expert panels, NERC and FERC) | Reconstructions of major disturbances, their causes and recommendations | Public reports | Power grids and interconnection |
| IRENA renewable capacity and generation statistics (IRENASTAT) | Installed capacity and generation by technology and country | Free, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| JODI Oil and JODI Gas | Monthly production, trade, stocks and demand reported by national administrations | Free, attribution | Energy security |
| NASA Black Marble night-time lights (VIIRS) | Daily night-time radiance for mapping outage and recovery | Public domain | Grid disruption and recovery |
| National heat-health warning systems and surveillance | Heat alerts, excess mortality and hospital admissions | Public records, terms per agency | Heat and cooling |
| National regulator event and inspection records (for example US NRC event notifications) | Reported events, inspections and enforcement | Public records; public domain in the United States | Nuclear energy safety interface |
| National reports under the Convention on Nuclear Safety and WENRA reference levels | National safety reporting and harmonised safety expectations | Public documents, terms per body | Nuclear energy safety interface |
| NEA and IAEA uranium resources, production and demand reports | Fuel supply, conversion and enrichment context | Public reports, terms per agency | Nuclear energy safety interface |
| NERC event analyses and FERC inquiry reports | Reconstructions of major disturbances and recommendations | Public reports | Grid disruption and recovery |
| NERC long-term and seasonal reliability assessments | Resource adequacy and risk areas across North America | Public reports | Energy security |
| OpenStreetMap power infrastructure | Lines, substations and plants mapped by contributors | Open Database Licence | Power grids and interconnection |
| Renewables.ninja | Simulated hourly wind and solar output for any location | Free for non-commercial use, attribution | Renewables and storage |
| Safecast | Citizen radiation measurements with documented instruments | Public domain dedication | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| Tracking SDG7 (IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO) | Access, renewables, efficiency and finance indicators for every country | Free and open, attribution | Energy security |
| UN Energy Statistics Database (UNSD) | Production, trade and consumption of energy commodities by country | Free access, UN terms | Energy security |
| UNSCEAR reports | Scientific assessments of sources, exposures and effects of ionising radiation | Free access, UN terms | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| US EPA RadNet | Near-real-time ambient radiation monitoring in the United States | Public domain | Radiological and nuclear risk |
| USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries | Production and reserves of minerals used in energy technologies | Public domain | Industrial energy systems |
| Utility and regulator outage records | Event timelines, customers affected and restoration progress | Public records or by agreement | Grid disruption and recovery |
| WRI Aqueduct | Water stress and related risk indicators by basin | Free and open, attribution | Hydropower and water |
Public transparency platforms of system operators are used where they exist; operator data shared for a project keep their terms.
Sources are added to the register as they are reviewed. A source is listed only once its terms permit the use described.
Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Provenance | Information about the entities, activities and people involved in producing a record, used to judge its quality and reliability, in the W3C PROV model. |
| FAIR principles | Guiding principles that make data findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable by people and machines. |
| Open licence | A licence that allows anyone to access, reuse and redistribute data, sometimes with attribution. |
| Data lineage | The traceable path of data from its origin through each transformation to its current form. |
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
The current service level is R0: information and enquiries. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.