Research and publications - Space and Earth Observation

The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI)

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GCRISpace and Earth ObservationIn development

Research and publications

Citable outputs of Space and Earth Observation: EO method guides; land/ocean observation cases; space-system risk briefs.

Make an enquiry Back to Space and Earth Observation

Publisher: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation
Field: Space and Earth observation, Climate and hazards

Canvas · draft to published versionDesign, not a record

Fig.How a finding is reviewed before it is published. Design, not a record.

01In brief

The short answer.

Space and Earth Observation publications are the platform's reviewed, citable outputs, such as EO method guides, land/ocean observation cases and space-system risk briefs. Each carries its authors, date, method, evidence labels and editorial status, and a correction creates a new version with its history. Contributions to series such as Observatory Signal and Exponential Technology also appear in Nexus Reports.

02Geography

Earth observation in the Arctic.

The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.

Layers 2

Earth observation, for this page

Latest available

NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) · Natural Earth

Loading the latest NASA imagery.

Drag to move. Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.

For research and publications, in GCRI's spatial-intelligence reading, the map opens on true-colour imagery and land cover with true colour from NASA GIBS, framed on the Arctic; every other NASA layer, live feed and forecast waits in the layer list.Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date; indicators, not assessments of any place; claim ceiling INTEGRATED.

Data: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Natural Earth · NASA HLS S30 · Copernicus Sentinel-2 L2ASources and licences

We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
GHRSST Level 4 MUR analyses, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; distributed by the NASA Physical Oceanography DAAC (PO.DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. Public domain
© OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). ODbL
Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, © OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.
Globe: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © MapLibre contributors.
Observed (EO): NASA HLS S30 (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
Observed (EO): Copernicus Sentinel-2 L2A (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026), Microsoft Planetary Computer
Optional layers (35 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.

Layers and dates

True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC · 2024
Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra EVI, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
Land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite: VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day, NASA LANCE · 14 Sep 2026
Vegetation greenness (NDVI), rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra NDVI, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
Sea ice concentration: GHRSST MUR, NASA JPL PO.DAAC · 12 Oct 2026

03What is published

Every output shows its status.

Each publication carries its authors, date, method, evidence labels and editorial status.
Corrections create a new version with its history.
Series contributions also appear in Nexus Reports; see Publish in Nexus Reports.

04Output types

What Earth observation publications look like.

EO publications serve agencies and analysts: product validation notes and Observatory Signal notes, each stating sensor, date, processing and accuracy. A reader looks for whether a product is fit for a stated decision. They build on Earth observation and on the EO in water and agriculture topic.

Every product publication states sensor, date, processing and accuracy.

Product validation notes.
Observatory signal notes.

05Series

Report series this field contributes to.

06Key terms

Terms used on this page.

Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.

Term	Definition
Version of record	The fixed version of a work that a publisher formally declares published; later changes appear as dated corrections or new versions, never as silent edits, in the sense NISO's journal article versions recommendation uses.
Peer review	Evaluation of a work by independent experts in the field before publication.
Correction	A published notice that amends an error in a work whose main findings stand.
Evidence label	A tag on an assertion naming the kind of evidence behind it, such as observed, officially reported or modelled.

07Sources

Where this page's references lead.

The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.

08Questions

Questions and answers.

How do I cite a publication?

Each publication shows its citation and permanent address.

Around Space and Earth Observation.

Space and Earth Observation

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