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GCRI · Biotecnologia e biossegurança

Duplo uso e ética

Much life sciences research is dual use: knowledge, materials and technologies developed for beneficial purposes could also be misused to cause harm. This topic, studied at Biotechnology and Biosecurity, a platform of The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), examines how research of concern is identified, how responsibility is shared between researchers, institutions, funders and publishers, and how concerns are escalated, alongside the wider ethical questions biotechnology raises.

02Questões centrais

O que os especialistas perguntam.

  • How can research of concern be identified early, without discouraging beneficial science?
  • What responsibilities do researchers, institutions, funders and publishers each hold?
  • How should concerns be raised and escalated, and how are those who raise them protected?
  • How should the publication of sensitive findings be handled?
  • How do ethical questions of consent, equity and benefit sharing apply to biotechnology?
03Monitoramento

Registo de supervisão e capacidade.

A tela que uma equipe usaria para acompanhar esta matéria: suas medidas, estados e decisões. Os nomes são exemplos e os valores são ilustrativos.

Registo de supervisão e capacidade

Dual use and ethics · National committee · Review year 2

  • Instituições com comitê, %
    61Observar
  • Pessoal capacitado, %
    64Normal
  • Revisões concluídas
    55este ano
  • Relatórios de incidente registrados
    13Informação
Somente capacidade e supervisãoGCRI · Biotecnologia e biossegurança

Supervisão institucional

Instituição AAtivoQ487Atual
Campus de pesquisaAtivoQ482Auditoria pendente
Instalação de biofabricoFormaçãonenhum46Apoio
Rede de diagnósticoAtivoQ381Atual

Nota de escopo

Abrange
governação, formação, capacidade de revisão
Exclui
métodos técnicos e agentes
Autoridade
organismo nacional de supervisão
Rótulo
SURVEY
Oversight and capacity register: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Dual use and ethics.Nomes de exemplo e valores ilustrativos; um projeto, não um registro nem um sistema ativo.
04Em todos os domínios

Dual-use governance applies wherever life-science research touches the domains.

Governance analyses are designed for the série Exponential Technology. The WHO framework (2022) and the Biological Weapons Convention set the frame; GCRI publishes governance analysis, never methods of concern.

  • Governance comparisons.
  • Ethics review lessons.
05Métodos e evidência

How dual use and ethics is modelled, measured and tested.

O modelo, os seus pressupostos, os seus dados e a sua incerteza, na forma que um cientista ou engenheiro verificaria. As estruturas seguem métodos publicados. Os valores representados são ilustrativos, não conclusões.

Bandas de incerteza

How far the outlook for dual use and ethics could spread, shown as ranges rather than a single line.

Agora+5+10+15+20+25+30 yaltobaixointervalo muito provávelintervalo provável
Estimativa central
mediana do conjunto
Intervalos
provável e muito provável, na linguagem calibrada do IPCC
Conjunto
membros, cenários e condições iniciais declarados
Ler com
a sensibilidade do resultado a cada entrada
Dispersão ilustrativa de conjunto em uma escala de índice; a forma segue a orientação do IPCC sobre incerteza. Não é uma projeção.
Princípios orientadores FAIR · GO FAIR e FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumOrientação sobre o tratamento consistente das incertezas · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
06Mecanismos

Fatores e dinâmicas.

Dual-use concerns arise because the same experiments that reveal how biological sistemas work can, in rare cases, produce knowledge or materials that could be misused. Policies in several countries define categories of research that require additional review, and funders and journals have developed processes for assessing sensitive work. These processes depend heavily on the judgement and awareness of researchers themselves.

Ethics in biotechnology extends beyond misuse: consent for the use of genetic data, equitable access to benefits, fair sharing of benefits from genetic resources, and respect for communities and ecosystems. A culture of responsibility, in which researchers consider consequences and feel able to raise concerns, is widely regarded as the foundation of effective governance. The platform works at the level of governance, evaluation and risk methods. It publishes no protocols, techniques or information that would increase anyone’s capacity to cause harm.

07Métodos e limites

How it is studied.

  1. 01

    Policy analysis

    Comparative studies of dual-use review policies, funder conditions and publication practices.

  2. 02

    Ethics frameworks

    Structured approaches for weighing benefits, risks and responsibilities in research decisions.

  3. 03

    Education research

    Studies of how training and culture influence awareness and reporting.

  4. 04

    Limites

    Misuse potential is hard to judge in advance, review processes vary in rigour, and discussions of risk must avoid creating the hazards they seek to prevent.

08Decisões

What it informs and who decides.

This evidence informs institutional review processes, funder and publisher policies, training and national oversight frameworks. Researchers, institutional review committees, funders, publishers and regulators decide within their roles. Governance dialogue is convened by Governança da saúde e da biossegurança no The Global Risks Forum (GRF). Concerns can be raised through correções e preocupações. Related topics are biossegurança e bioproteção laboratorial, synthetic biology and biological threats; methods sit on molecular and life sciences.

Published analysis on this topic is designed to carry a named subject reviewer, its references and the views of independent specialists, including biosafety professionals and those who disagree.

09Fontes

Where this page’s references lead.

Os organismos e documentos à luz dos quais esta página é lida. O estado e as edições mudam; cada ligação leva ao organismo emissor.

10Perguntas

Perguntas e respostas.

Does dual use mean research should stop?
No. Most research has great benefit. The aim is to identify the small share that needs additional care and to manage it responsibly.
Who is responsible for identifying research of concern?
Responsibility is shared: researchers first, then institutions, funders, publishers and regulators.
How can I raise a concern about research?
Through your institution’s procedures, or write to o formulário de preocupações de integridade. A confirmação de recebimento traz uma referência e indica a próxima etapa.
Quem revisa a cobertura deste tema?
Published analysis is designed to be reviewed by a named subject reviewer with relevant expertise, to cite its references and to include independent specialist voices. Where specialists disagree, the disagreement is reported rather than resolved by omission.
RelatóriosContribuir

Contribua com evidências a partir desta página.

Relatórios is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRIBiotecnologia e biossegurançaTecnologia exponencialResumo de evidências
Biotecnologia e biossegurança

Traga um método, um conjunto de dados ou uma pergunta.

A informação e os pedidos estão abertos hoje. Um pedido recebe uma referência e indica o próximo passo; candidaturas, pagamentos, alocações de computação e registros só abrem quando existem a equipa, os termos e a capacidade de revisão.