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GCRI · Biotecnologie e biosicurezza

Duplice uso ed etica

Much life sciences research is dual use: knowledge, materials and technologies developed for beneficial purposes could also be misused to cause harm. This topic, studied at Biotechnology and Biosecurity, a platform of The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI), examines how research of concern is identified, how responsibility is shared between researchers, institutions, funders and publishers, and how concerns are escalated, alongside the wider ethical questions biotechnology raises.

02Questioni centrali

Cosa si chiedono gli esperti.

  • How can research of concern be identified early, without discouraging beneficial science?
  • What responsibilities do researchers, institutions, funders and publishers each hold?
  • How should concerns be raised and escalated, and how are those who raise them protected?
  • How should the publication of sensitive findings be handled?
  • How do ethical questions of consent, equity and benefit sharing apply to biotechnology?
03Monitoraggio

Registro di supervisione e capacità.

La schermata che un gruppo utilizzerebbe per seguire questo tema: misure, stati e decisioni. I nomi sono esempi e i valori sono illustrativi.

Registro di supervisione e capacità

Dual use and ethics · National committee · Review year 2

  • Istituzioni con un comitato, %
    61Attenzione
  • Personale formato, %
    64Normale
  • Revisioni completate
    55quest'anno
  • Segnalazioni di incidenti presentate
    13Info
Solo capacità e supervisioneGCRI · Biotecnologie e biosicurezza

Supervisione istituzionale

Istituzione AAttivoQ487Attuale
Campus di ricercaAttivoQ482Audit in scadenza
Sito di biomanifatturaIn formazionenessuno46Supporto
Rete diagnosticaAttivoQ381Attuale

Nota di definizione dell'ambito

Copre
governance, formazione, capacità di revisione
Esclude
metodi tecnici e agenti
Autorità
organismo nazionale di vigilanza
Etichetta
SURVEY
Oversight and capacity register: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Dual use and ethics.Nomi di esempio e valori illustrativi; un progetto, non un registro né un sistema attivo.
04Tra i domini

Dual-use governance applies wherever life-science research touches the domains.

Governance analyses are designed for the serie Exponential Technology. The WHO framework (2022) and the Biological Weapons Convention set the frame; GCRI publishes governance analysis, never methods of concern.

  • Governance comparisons.
  • Ethics review lessons.
05Metodi ed evidenze

How dual use and ethics is modelled, measured and tested.

Il modello, le sue ipotesi, i suoi dati e la sua incertezza, nella forma in cui uno scienziato o un ingegnere li verificherebbe. Le strutture seguono metodi pubblicati. I valori rappresentati sono illustrativi, non risultati.

Bande di incertezza

How far the outlook for dual use and ethics could spread, shown as ranges rather than a single line.

Ora+5+10+15+20+25+30 yaltobassointervallo molto probabileintervallo probabile
Stima centrale
mediana dell'ensemble
Intervalli
probabile e molto probabile, nel linguaggio calibrato dell'IPCC
Ensemble
membri, scenari e condizioni iniziali dichiarati
Da leggere con
la sensibilità del risultato a ogni input
Dispersione illustrativa dell'ensemble su una scala di indice; la forma segue le linee guida IPCC sull'incertezza. Non è una proiezione.
Principi guida FAIR · GO FAIR e FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumGuidance on consistent treatment of uncertainties · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Comitato sui satelliti per l'osservazione della Terra
06Meccanismi

Fattori e dinamiche.

Dual-use concerns arise because the same experiments that reveal how biological sistemi work can, in rare cases, produce knowledge or materials that could be misused. Policies in several countries define categories of research that require additional review, and funders and journals have developed processes for assessing sensitive work. These processes depend heavily on the judgement and awareness of researchers themselves.

Ethics in biotechnology extends beyond misuse: consent for the use of genetic data, equitable access to benefits, fair sharing of benefits from genetic resources, and respect for communities and ecosystems. A culture of responsibility, in which researchers consider consequences and feel able to raise concerns, is widely regarded as the foundation of effective governance. The platform works at the level of governance, evaluation and risk methods. It publishes no protocols, techniques or information that would increase anyone’s capacity to cause harm.

07Metodi e limiti

How it is studied.

  1. 01

    Policy analysis

    Comparative studies of dual-use review policies, funder conditions and publication practices.

  2. 02

    Ethics frameworks

    Structured approaches for weighing benefits, risks and responsibilities in research decisions.

  3. 03

    Education research

    Studies of how training and culture influence awareness and reporting.

  4. 04

    Limiti

    Misuse potential is hard to judge in advance, review processes vary in rigour, and discussions of risk must avoid creating the hazards they seek to prevent.

08Decisioni

What it informs and who decides.

This evidence informs institutional review processes, funder and publisher policies, training and national oversight frameworks. Researchers, institutional review committees, funders, publishers and regulators decide within their roles. Governance dialogue is convened by Governance della salute e della biosicurezza presso il Global Risks Forum (GRF). Concerns can be raised through correzioni e segnalazioni. Related topics are biosicurezza e biosafety di laboratorio, synthetic biology and biological threats; methods sit on molecular and life sciences.

Published analysis on this topic is designed to carry a named subject reviewer, its references and the views of independent specialists, including biosafety professionals and those who disagree.

09Fonti

Where this page’s references lead.

Gli organismi e i documenti alla luce dei quali si legge questa pagina. Stato ed edizioni cambiano; ogni link porta all'organismo emittente.

10Domande

Domande e risposte.

Does dual use mean research should stop?
No. Most research has great benefit. The aim is to identify the small share that needs additional care and to manage it responsibly.
Who is responsible for identifying research of concern?
Responsibility is shared: researchers first, then institutions, funders, publishers and regulators.
How can I raise a concern about research?
Through your institution’s procedures, or write to il modulo per le segnalazioni di integrità. La conferma di ricezione fornisce un riferimento e indica il passo successivo.
Chi esamina la trattazione di questo argomento?
Published analysis is designed to be reviewed by a named subject reviewer with relevant expertise, to cite its references and to include independent specialist voices. Where specialists disagree, the disagreement is reported rather than resolved by omission.
RapportiContribuisci

Contribuisci con evidenze da questa pagina.

Rapporti is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRIBiotecnologie e biosicurezzaTecnologia esponenzialeNota sulle evidenze
Biotecnologie e biosicurezza

Porta un metodo, un set di dati o una domanda.

Informazioni e richieste sono aperte oggi. Una richiesta riceve un riferimento e indica il passo successivo; candidature, pagamenti, assegnazioni di calcolo e registrazioni si aprono solo quando esistono il team, le condizioni e la capacità di revisione.