Draft, not yet released. In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.

Readings from the other desks

The food baseline is read through each steward’s lens, then once as a whole. Each lens is a projection of reviewed findings, not a separate argument. The other desks’ own editions of this subject are listed first, as cross-references, not copies.

18 min read0 figures8 tables47 notesNR-SECTOR-FOOD-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE

Contents
  1. ·Edition home
  2. ·Executive summary
  3. 1Food is where the systems meet
  4. 2Key findings
  5. 3Systems and sectors at baseline
  6. 4Risks and capability
  7. 5Harvest shortfall under high input costs
  8. 6Readings from the other desks
    1. 6.1 The other desks’ editions of this subject
    2. 6.2 Three lenses
    3. 6.3 Standards, Academy and steward contributions
    4. 6.4 GCRI reading: the model card
    5. 6.5 Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays
    6. 6.6 Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 food readiness pack
    7. 6.7 Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch
    8. 6.8 Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments
  9. 7The 2027 agenda
  10. 8Systems in depth
  11. AMethodology
  12. BData appendix
  13. CReferences and record
  14. ·Complete edition, for print

6.1The other desks’ editions of this subject

Federation: each desk writes its own edition for the subjects in its remit. Until a desk releases, its edition shows its frame and the reading this edition printed for it.

DeskEditionStateIdentifier
GCRI Systems EvidenceNo edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycleNot in this cycle
GRF Public DeliberationOutside this desk’s remitNot in remit
GRA Capital ReadinessNo edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycleNot in this cycle
Standards ProgressNo edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycleNot in this cycle
Academy CapabilityNo edition of this subject at this desk in the 2026 Baseline cycleNot in this cycle
Index MeasurementOutside this desk’s remitNot in remit

6.2Three lenses

One edition, read by each steward. The lens of this site comes first.

GCRI · KEY T

Technical Truth

The evidence supports reading food as the coupling layer of the WEFH+B system. Hunger is falling slowly, supply is steady but tight, and three shocks arrive together: input costs, a strong El Niño and falling aid. Evidence is strongest for hunger and prices, and weakest for input use and yield effects in 2026.

FOO-001 · FIN-007 · TRD-006 · SYS-012

GRF · KEY M

Public Meaning

For most people food risk arrives as a price, a meal skipped or a lean season. The baseline asks that public debate keep the 2.69 billion who cannot afford a healthy diet in view alongside the trade and price story.

HLT-004 · FOO-002 · FIN-007

GRA · KEY F

Capital Meaning

Readiness implications only. Import bills are at a record, price volatility has risen and humanitarian funding is falling2425. These show where finance-readiness evidence will matter. Nothing here is advice, a rating or an approval.

FIN-007 · GOV-005

NEXUS

Synthesis

The food system is well measured at the level of hunger, prices and stocks and thinly measured at the level of input use, losses and local yields. The 2027 programme should test the harvest shortfall under high input costs, bind regional crop and trade evidence, and map route dependence before it becomes a shortage.

SYS-012 · F-01 · F-04

6.3Standards, Academy and steward contributions

How the Nexus Standards drafts, the Risk Academy and the three stewards feed each quarterly edition for food. The standards are a preparatory working draft (2026) and are cited as drafts, never as adopted standards.

Table 6.1The quarterly rhythm every edition follows
QuarterEditionQuestionBoundary
Q1State and AgendaWhat matters this year, and what is the starting position?observed baseline stays distinct from planned work
Q2Evidence and BuildWhat new evidence and capability exist?a configured capability is not a validated result
Q3Stress Test and ReadinessWhat do scenarios and tests show?simulated loss or performance is not observed impact
Q4Annual Synthesis and RenewalWhat changed in the year, and what renews?release follows review, not event publicity deadlines
Table 6.2Who contributes what each quarter
Steward or bodyRoleContribution route
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI Canada)Lead Institution and Consortium Secretariat; publisher of record; technical truth (key T)science and practice communities · GCRI gateway
The Global Risks Forum (GRF)leadership, dialogue and the Universe programme; public meaning (key M)policy, Universe and national adoption · GRF gateway
The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)finance, insurance and development readiness; capital meaning (key F)finance and insurance · GRA gateway
Nexus Standardspreparatory drafts on vocabulary, hazards, indicators and methodsStandards site · working groups HAZ, IND, MTH, FIN, AI
Risk Academylearning pathways tied to the agenda questionsAcademy gateway · learning by review
Reports sector desksfood chapter inputs: GCRI evidence, GRA readiness, NXS standards, RA capabilitysector editorial board

Standards drafts used in this edition

  • Risk vocabulary NRS-C1 (424 terms) for terms in the glossary
  • Hazard atlas NHS-1 1.1.0 (905 hazards in 120 families) for risk objects
  • Seven risk classes: global, catastrophic, existential, emerging, planetary, exponential, frontier-tech

Standards calendar to watch

  • Founding calls from 20 October 2026; working groups meet from 5 November 2026
  • Inaugural Global Standards Council session, 12 January 2027
  • Quarterly reviews in March, June, September and December, aligned with each edition

6.4GCRI reading: the model card

GCRI’s reading of this edition is its model card: what the national model is, what it computes and where it stops. It is printed in full in Annex A, with the methods it belongs to. Annex A, methodology

6.5Global Risks Forum reading: editorial essays

Four signed essays by the Reports editorial team set out the positions this edition takes. They are interpretation, labelled as such; the evidence they draw on is in the findings register.

Every food shock this decade has been a water event, an energy event and a health event at once. Treating food as a commodity market understates how it carries risk between systems. This edition asks where a food shock goes next.

EDITORIAL ESSAY · 01

Food is a coupling, not a sector

Hunger and food insecurity have fallen for several years, and Africa’s long rise has halted. The same year brought a fertiliser shock, a strong El Niño and falling aid. Progress that depends on cheap inputs and steady funding is not yet resilience.

EDITORIAL ESSAY · 02

Hunger is falling, and the fall is fragile

The cost of a healthy diet rose to 4.28 PPP dollars. Fewer people are priced out than in 2021, but in Africa more are. Measuring cost, not only calories, is the first adaptation.

EDITORIAL ESSAY · 03

Affordability is the quiet crisis

Climate and crop models underestimate the chance of low yields in several regions at once. A strong El Niño is a reason to test that case, not a forecast of it.

EDITORIAL ESSAY · 04

Concurrent failures are the blind spot

6.6Global Risks Alliance reading: 2027 food readiness pack

The registers that open the 2027 global cycle. At baseline each is initialised from this edition.

Table 6.32027 food readiness pack
ItemRegisterState at baselineFirst 2027 entry
E1Food risk state deltabaseline set by this editionchanges against the baseline
E2WEFH+B state deltafive global system readings setindicator updates and freshness
E3Agenda and Portfolio movementeight agenda items · 6 proposed objectsadmission decisions
E4Federation delivery registernational chapters in preparationnational chapters
E5Consortium capability registernational consortia formingfirst contributions
E6Leadership questions and challengesnone yetfirst challenge log
E7Foundry technical statenational environments preparedfirst federation cut
E8Publication candidatestwelve findings carried forwardPUBLISH · HOLD dispositions
E9Universe readinessone candidate missionadmission and role spine
E10Correction registernonefirst federation-wide cycle

Publication dispositions

  • Publish
  • Hold
  • Needs evidence
  • Restricted
  • Superseded

6.7Nexus Standards reading: standards and regulatory watch

Instruments and published guidance that shape the systems in this edition, by status on the retrieval date. The edition assesses no one’s compliance.

  • IN FORCE
  • ADOPTED
  • PUBLISHED · GUIDANCE
  • PUBLISHED · VOLUNTARY
Table 6.4Standards and regulatory watch
InstrumentBodyScopeStatusRelevance
Codex Alimentarius standards and strategic plan 2026 to 203119FAO and WHOglobalPUBLISHED · VOLUNTARYfood safety
General Food Law, Regulation (EC) No 178/200231European UnionEUIN FORCEfood safety
Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 on deforestation-free products29European UnionEUIN FORCEland and trade
Veterinary medicinal products regulation and antimicrobial import requirements, in effect 3 September 2026302European UnionEUIN FORCEanimal health
Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures33World Trade OrganizationglobalIN FORCEtrade
ISO 22000 food safety management32ISOglobalPUBLISHED · VOLUNTARYfood safety
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework34Convention on Biological DiversityglobalADOPTED 2022land and nature
Extended maternal, infant and young child nutrition targets to 20301World Health AssemblyglobalADOPTED 2025nutrition

Changed since 2024

  • The UN Statistical Commission adopted minimum dietary diversity for children and for women as SDG indicators in March 20251
  • WHO published global estimates of the burden of foodborne disease for 2000 to 2021 in 20269
  • European Union antimicrobial-related import requirements for animal products took effect on 3 September 20262

To watch in 2027

  • Application dates and scope of the EU deforestation regulation29
  • The Codex strategic plan 2026 to 2031 and its work programme19
  • National plans to track the extended 2030 nutrition targets1

6.8Risk Academy reading: literature and evidence review, science and assessments

The review behind this edition covers food assessments, peer-reviewed science and the institutional reports that bind its findings. Systematic reviews for each agenda item begin in 2027.

Review protocol

Question
What does the published evidence establish about the world’s food and agrifood systems and its couplings?
Sources searched
agency flagships; statistical releases; peer-reviewed crop, climate and food-system literature; regulator texts
Window
releases available at evidence close, 30 September 2026
Selection
sources that bind or contextualise a finding in this edition
Next step
systematic reviews for agenda items 01 to 05 in 2027
Table 6.5Peer-reviewed science and assessments
ReferenceTypeYearRoleUsed for
Crippa et al.10journal article2021supportsfood-system emissions
Kornhuber et al.11journal article2023supportsconcurrent low yields
Ray et al.16journal article2019contextyield effects of observed climate change
Zhao et al.17journal article2017contexttemperature and crop yields
Gaupp et al.40journal article2020frameworksimultaneous breadbasket failure
Willett et al.37journal article2019contexthealthy and sustainable diets
Poore and Nemecek38journal article2018contextenvironmental effects of food
Springmann et al.39journal article2018contextfood and planetary boundaries
IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land20assessment2019supportsland, food and emissions
IPCC AR6 Working Group II, food chapter35assessment2022contextimpacts and adaptation
Table 6.6Institutional flagships
ReferenceIssuerYearRoleUsed for
State of Food Security and Nutrition 20261FAO and partners2026supportshunger, diets, cost
Information note on the 2026 Middle East conflict14FAO2026supportsfertiliser and fuel
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 202612FAO2026supportsaquatic foods
State of Food and Agriculture 202522FAO2025supportsland degradation
State of Land and Water Resources 202523FAO2025supportsirrigation
Food Outlook, June 202624FAO2026supportsfood import bill
Agrifood systems emissions brief21FAO2025supportsemissions
OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2026 to 203527OECD and FAO2026contextten-year outlook
Global Land Outlook42UNCCD2022contextland
Food Systems Summit stocktake41United Nations2025contextfood-system policy
Table 6.7Statistics, prices and markets
ReferenceIssuerYearRoleUsed for
Food Price Index2FAO2026supportsprices
Cereal Supply and Demand Brief3FAO2026supportssupply and stocks
World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates13USDA2026supportsstocks and trade
Food Security Update6World Bank2026supportsinflation and El Niño
Commodity Markets Outlook and prices746World Bank2026contextcommodity prices
World Development Indicators15World Bank2026supportsstructural series
El Niño/La Niña Update8WMO2026supportsseasonal outlook
Food Waste Index Report26UNEP2024contextfood waste
Export restrictions tracker43IFPRI2026contexttrade policy
Market monitor45AMIS2026contextmarket transparency
Table 6.8Crises, health, animal disease and standards
ReferenceIssuerYearRoleUsed for
Global Report on Food Crises 2026428GNAFC2026supportsacute food insecurity
Mid-year update5GNAFC2026supportsfunding and trend
Hunger Hotspots18FAO and WFP2026supportsearly warning
Famine classification analyses44IPC2025contextfamine
Foodborne disease burden9WHO2026supportsfood safety
HPAI situation report 8725WOAH2026supportsanimal disease
Codex Alimentarius19FAO and WHO2026contextstandards
Pollinators, pollination and food production36IPBES2016contextpollination
World Economic Outlook April 202647IMF2026contextmacro assumptions

Where the evidence agrees

  • Hunger and food insecurity have fallen for several years but remain above 2019 levels in number1
  • Energy and fertiliser costs reach food prices quickly142
  • Conflict is the main driver of acute food insecurity418

Where it is unsettled

  • How long the 2026 input and shipping disruption lasts and how far input use falls147
  • The share of anthropogenic emissions from food systems: 32% in 2023 (FAO), 34% in 2015 (EDGAR-FOOD) and 21 to 37% (IPCC)211020
  • The 2024 share of the analysed population in acute food insecurity: 22.7% in SOFI and 22.3% in the JRC summary of the same report14
  • Agriculture’s share of freshwater withdrawals: 71.0% in the World Bank series for 2022 and about 72% in the FAO report1523

Notes

Numbers are the edition’s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. Annex C, references

  1. 24FAO (ed.), Food Outlook: Biannual report on global food markets, June 2026 (food import bill chapter). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  2. 2POST-CLOSE, context only: FAO (ed.), FAO Food Price Index, release of 2 October 2026 (September 2026 values). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  3. 5Global Network Against Food Crises (ed.), Mid-Year Update of the 2026 Global Report on Food Crises, announcement of 21 September 2026 (data as of 31 August 2026). GNAFC, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  4. 19FAO and WHO (eds.), Codex Alimentarius Commission, portal pages (strategic plan 2026 to 2031 and committee news). Codex Alimentarius, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  5. 31UNVERIFIED, not opened: Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law (General Food Law), Official Journal of the European Communities, 2002, cited from memory. Observation year 2002. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  6. 29UNVERIFIED, not opened: Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 on the making available on the Union market and the export from the Union of certain commodities and products associated with deforestation and forest degradation, Official Journal of the European Union, 2023, cited from memory; the publication site blocked access, and application dates were not checked. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  7. 30UNVERIFIED, not opened: Regulation (EU) 2019/6 on veterinary medicinal products, Official Journal of the European Union, 2019, cited from memory; the 3 September 2026 date of the antimicrobial import requirements comes from the opened FAO Food Price Index release [2]. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  8. 33UNVERIFIED, not opened: WTO, Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (1994), cited from memory. World Trade Organization, Geneva. Observation year 1994. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  9. 32UNVERIFIED, not opened: ISO 22000:2018, Food safety management systems: requirements for any organisation in the food chain. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  10. 34UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on Biological Diversity, Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, decision 15/4 (December 2022), cited from memory. CBD Secretariat, Montreal. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  11. 1FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO (eds.), The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2026 (published 21 July 2026; full report opened). FAO, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  12. 9WHO (ed.), Food safety fact sheet, including the estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases 2000 to 2021 published in 2026. World Health Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2021. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  13. 10Crippa, M., Solazzo, E., Guizzardi, D. et al., Food systems are responsible for a third of global anthropogenic GHG emissions, Nature Food 2, 198 to 209, 2021 (open access, full text). Springer Nature. Observation year 2015. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  14. 11Kornhuber, K. et al., Risks of synchronised low yields are underestimated in climate and crop model projections, Nature Communications, 2023 (open access, full text). Springer Nature. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  15. 16Ray, D.K., West, P.C., Clark, M. et al., Climate change has likely already affected global food production, PLOS ONE 14(5), e0217148, 2019 (open access, full text). Public Library of Science. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  16. 17Zhao, C. et al., Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, 9326 to 9331, 2017 (abstract opened through Europe PMC; full text not opened). National Academy of Sciences. Observation year 2017. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  17. 40UNVERIFIED, not opened: Gaupp, F. et al., Changing risks of simultaneous global breadbasket failure, Nature Climate Change 10, 54 to 57, 2020, cited from memory. Springer Nature. Observation year 2020. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  18. 37UNVERIFIED, not opened: Willett, W. et al., Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems, The Lancet 393, 447 to 492, 2019, cited from memory; the journal site blocked access. Elsevier. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  19. 38UNVERIFIED, not opened: Poore, J. and Nemecek, T., Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers, Science 360, 987 to 992, 2018, cited from memory. American Association for the Advancement of Science. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  20. 39UNVERIFIED, not opened: Springmann, M. et al., Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits, Nature 562, 519 to 525, 2018, cited from memory. Springer Nature. Observation year 2018. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  21. 20IPCC (ed.), Climate Change and Land: Special Report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, Summary for Policymakers (updated January 2020). IPCC, Geneva. Observation year 2019. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  22. 35UNVERIFIED, not opened: Bezner Kerr, R. et al., Food, fibre, and other ecosystem products, in Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the IPCC, chapter 5. IPCC, Geneva, 2022. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  23. 14FAO (ed.), Global Agrifood Implications of the 2026 Conflict in the Middle East: Impacts on energy and fertiliser trade, and food security, information note of 15 March 2026. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  24. 12FAO (ed.), The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2026 (full report, June 2026). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2024 (production) and 2023 (stock status). Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  25. 22FAO (ed.), The State of Food and Agriculture 2025: Addressing land degradation across landscapes. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  26. 23FAO (ed.), The State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2022 to 2023 (by indicator). Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  27. 21FAO (ed.), Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems: Global, regional and country trends, 2001 to 2023, FAOSTAT Analytical Brief 115 (October 2025). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  28. 27UNVERIFIED, not opened: OECD and FAO (eds.), OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2026 to 2035 (June 2026); only the catalogue record was seen and no figure is used. OECD Publishing, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  29. 42UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNCCD (ed.), Global Land Outlook, second edition. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Bonn. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  30. 41UNVERIFIED, not opened: United Nations, Food Systems Summit +4 stocktake (2025), cited from memory. United Nations, New York. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  31. 3POST-CLOSE, context only: FAO (ed.), Cereal Supply and Demand Brief, release of 2 October 2026. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  32. 13POST-CLOSE, context only: US Department of Agriculture (ed.), World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, WASDE-676, 9 October 2026. USDA, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  33. 6DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), Food Security Update, October 2026 (data as of 16 October 2026). World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  34. 7POST-CLOSE, context only: World Bank (ed.), Commodity Markets Outlook, October 2026, and monthly commodity price data (landing page opened, release of 3 November 2026; the outlook report itself was not opened). World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  35. 46UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: World Bank (ed.), Commodity Markets Outlook, October 2026, full report (fertiliser and food price projections); only the landing page [7] was opened. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  36. 15DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, database queried through the public interface (last updated 2026-10-08): employment in agriculture, agricultural value added, agricultural land, cereal yield, fertiliser consumption and agricultural freshwater withdrawals. World Bank, Washington. Observation year 2023 to 2025 (by series). Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  37. 8WMO (ed.), El Niño/La Niña Update, August 2026 (factsheet). World Meteorological Organization, Geneva. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  38. 26UNVERIFIED, not opened: UNEP and WRAP (eds.), Food Waste Index Report 2024; the headline of 1.05 billion tonnes wasted in 2022 was taken from search-result summaries and is not used as a figure in any finding. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  39. 43UNVERIFIED, not opened: IFPRI (ed.), Food and Fertilizer Export Restrictions Tracker; the page returned no content. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  40. 45UNVERIFIED, not opened: POST-CLOSE, context only: AMIS (ed.), Market Monitor, October 2026; the page blocked access. Agricultural Market Information System, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  41. 4European Commission Joint Research Centre (ed.), Global Report on Food Crises 2026, summary page on Knowledge for Policy (the report was released 24 April 2026 by FAO, WFP and the Global Network Against Food Crises; the summary page was opened, the report was not). European Commission, Brussels. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  42. 28UNVERIFIED, not opened: FAO, WFP and GNAFC (eds.), Global Report on Food Crises 2026 (full report, 24 April 2026); the report file could not be retrieved, and its totals are taken from the opened summary [4] and from SOFI [1]. Global Network Against Food Crises, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  43. 18POST-CLOSE, context only: FAO and WFP (eds.), Hunger Hotspots 2026: FAO-WFP early warnings on acute food insecurity, June to November 2026 outlook (highlights page opened; report not opened). Global Network Against Food Crises, Rome. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  44. 44UNVERIFIED, not opened: IPC (ed.), Integrated Food Security Phase Classification analyses for the Gaza Strip, the Sudan and Somalia; the site blocked automated access, and the findings are read from the opened GRFC summary and Hunger Hotspots page [4] [18]. IPC Global Support Unit, Rome. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  45. 25WOAH (ed.), High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) Situation Report 87 (period covered September 2026). World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  46. 36UNVERIFIED, not opened: IPBES (ed.), The assessment report on pollinators, pollination and food production, 2016, cited from memory. IPBES Secretariat, Bonn. Observation year 2016. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  47. 47UNVERIFIED, not opened: IMF (ed.), World Economic Outlook, April 2026; access was denied, and its growth assumptions are cited only as reported in SOFI [1]. International Monetary Fund, Washington. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back

Cite this chapter

Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Chapter 6: Readings from the other desks. In Global Food Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of the World’s Food and Agrifood Systems. (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-SECTOR-FOOD-GLOBAL-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI).

Every citation form of the whole report, BibTeX and RIS included, is on the edition home. Cite this report

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The sectors behind Global Food and Agrifood Systems.

A reading aid: the sectors the findings run through and how strongly they depend on each other.

Select corners · hover lines6 / 15 relations

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Food and its partners

Food gives nutrition to health (0.7), land conversion to biodiversity (0.6) and withdrawals and runoff to water (0.3).

W · E · I · F · H · B

Sectors
4 of 6
Relations
6 of 15
Coupling
0.46 share of total

Strongest relations in play

  • Food → Biodiversity · land conversion0.6
  • Water → Food · irrigation0.8
  • Water → Biodiversity · environmental flows0.6
  • Food → Health · nutrition0.7
Teaching values for a typical city-region, not measurements for any place. Coupling is the summed strength of the relations in play, as a share of all fifteen.
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