GCRI · المجتمع والتنمية البشرية

أخلاقيات البحث الشاملة

Research with people, especially those affected by crises, poverty or discrimination, raises questions of consent, harm, power and benefit. Inclusive research ethics asks that participants be respected and protected, that communities share in shaping and benefiting from research, and that data be governed responsibly. This page sets out the principles and practices involved, how they are assessed, and what evidence serves researchers, ethics committees and funders.

02السؤال

Inclusive research ethics: how the risk develops.

Participation, consent and local knowledge. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

الآلية

Consent must be informed and free

Participants need to understand what research involves and be free to refuse. Crises, dependence on aid and power differences can undermine free consent.

الآلية

Harms can follow research

Data can be used to identify, stigmatise or target people. Protecting confidentiality and minimising data collection reduce these risks.

الآلية

Communities should shape research

Research designed with communities is more relevant and more likely to benefit them, and helps correct imbalances between researchers and participants.

الآلية

Benefits should be shared

Results, data and capacity should return to the communities and countries where research takes place.

03الأساليب والأدلة

How inclusive research ethics is modelled, measured and tested.

النموذج وافتراضاته وبياناته وعدم اليقين فيه، بالصورة التي يفحصها بها عالم أو مهندس. وتتبع البنى أساليب منشورة. والقيم المرسومة توضيحية، وليست نتائج.

نموذج النظام

The couplings between the systems in inclusive research ethics: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−+المجتمعالمعلوماتالمجتمعاتالاقتصاد⁨R⁩ معزِّزة⁨B⁩ موازِنة
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
مبادئ FAIR التوجيهية · GO FAIR وFORCE11⁨W3C PROV⁩ · اتحاد الشبكة العالميةإرشادات بشأن المعالجة المتسقة لأوجه عدم اليقين · الهيئة الحكومية الدولية المعنية بتغير المناخبيانات CEOS الجاهزة للتحليل · لجنة سواتل رصد الأرض
05المؤشرات الفرعية

ما الذي يُقاس، ومدى جودة قياسه.

يحمل كل مؤشر وحدته ووتيرته ونوع المصدر الذي يستند إليه ووسم الأدلة الذي ستحمله القيمة. ولا تُعرض أي قيم: فالبرنامج يقدّمها بموجب سلطته الخاصة.

المؤشرالوحدةوتيرة الإصدارنوع المصدرالوسم
Studies with ethics reviewpercent of published studies reporting approvalلكل مراجعةPublication auditsمرصود
Research with community engagement documentedpercent of projectsلكل مراجعةProject recordsمُعلَن
Local researchers in authorshipshare of authors from study countriesلكل مراجعةBibliometric analysisمرصود
Data management plans with protection measurespercent of funded projectsلكل مراجعةFunder recordsمُعلَن
Results returned to participants or communitiespercent of projectsلكل مراجعةProject recordsمُعلَن
Ethics committees with capacity for social researchالعددلكل تقييمInstitutional recordsمُبلَّغ عنه
06المصادر

من أين تأتي الأدلة.

مجموعات بيانات عامة مسمّاة وسجلات مؤسسية، لكلٍّ منها فئة ترخيصها. ولا تُستخدم المصادر المتاحة بموجب اتفاق إلا وفق شروطها، ولا يُعاد نشرها أبدًا.

المصدرما يقدّمهفئة الترخيص
CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving HumansEthical guidance for research in diverse settingsPublic, CIOMS terms
Global Code of Conduct for Research in Resource-Poor SettingsPrinciples of fairness, respect, care and honestyPublic, terms to check
توصية اليونسكو (⁨UNESCO⁩) بشأن العلم المفتوحPrinciples on inclusion and equity in sciencePublic, UNESCO terms
مبادئ ⁨CARE⁩ بشأن الحوكمة في مجال بيانات الشعوب الأصليةCollective rights in dataPublic, GIDA terms
Bibliometric databases such as OpenAlexAuthorship and collaboration patternsمفتوح، CC0
07القرارات

من يقرر، وما الذي تخدمه الأدلة.

Society and Human Development prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

من يقررالسؤالالأدلة التي تخدمها هذه الصفحة
Ethics committeesWhether research is ethical and how to monitor itChecklists; protection plans
Researchers and research teamsHow to design inclusive and protective researchEngagement and benefit-sharing guides
FundersWhat ethics and equity conditions to setAudit evidence

المخرجات التي يُنتجها هذا الموضوع

  • Ethics review checklists for research in crises
  • Community engagement and benefit-sharing guides
  • Data protection plans for research with vulnerable groups
  • Audits of authorship and benefit sharing
08الأسئلة الجوهرية

الأسئلة التي يطرحها الخبراء.

  • Who defines the research question, and do affected people have a voice in it?
  • Is consent truly informed and voluntary, especially in crises and unequal relationships?
  • How is local and Indigenous knowledge recognised, credited and protected?
  • What data are collected, who controls them and how could they cause harm?
  • What do participants and communities receive from the research?
09الآليات

Principles in practice.

Ethical research begins with respect for persons, beneficence and justice, principles long established in research ethics, applied with care to settings of crisis and inequality. Consent must be informed, voluntary and ongoing, which is difficult when people depend on assistance or fear consequences. Research should minimise burden, avoid repeated assessment of the same communities and stop when risks outweigh benefits.

Participation ranges from consultation to co-design and community-led research. Indigenous data sovereignty principles assert the rights of Indigenous peoples to govern data about them. Local knowledge of hazards, ecosystems and coping often precedes and complements scientific data, and should be credited and used only with permission. Data protection, including minimisation, anonymisation and secure storage, protects participants from identification and misuse.

Crisis settings add specific duties. Researchers must avoid diverting resources from response, coordinate to prevent over-assessment, protect staff and participants, and recognise that people in distress may agree to take part because they hope for assistance. Clear explanation that research is separate from aid is part of valid consent.

10المناهج والبيانات

Methods and safeguards.

المراجعة

Ethical review

Independent review of protocols before research starts, with attention to risk and consent.

المشاركة

Co-design

Communities shape questions, methods and interpretation.

البيانات

Protection by design

Collect only what is needed, protect identities and agree retention and use.

Limits: ethical review cannot anticipate every situation, power imbalances persist even with good procedures, and anonymisation can fail when small groups or locations are described.

12Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

الهيئات والوثائق التي تُقرأ هذه الصفحة في ضوئها. وتتغير الحالات والإصدارات؛ ويقود كل رابط إلى الهيئة المُصدِرة.

13أسئلة

أسئلة وأجوبة.

What is informed consent?
Agreement to take part in research given freely by a person who understands its purpose, procedures, risks, benefits and their right to withdraw.
What is benefit sharing in research?
Arrangements that return results, data, capacity or other benefits to the participants, communities and countries where research takes place.
Why is research in crises ethically sensitive?
Because people may be distressed, dependent on aid or at risk, which can undermine free consent and raise the harm of data misuse.
Can participants withdraw?
Yes. Participants can withdraw at any time, and their data are handled as the consent terms provide.
Who owns community knowledge?
The communities that hold it. It is used only with permission and credited as they agree.
How do I report an ethical concern?
Write to the safeguarding address above. Concerns are reviewed by people independent of the research team.
التقاريرساهم

ساهم بأدلة من هذه الصفحة.

التقارير is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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