Data appendix

The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.

9 min read0 figures7 tables21 notesNR-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE

Contents

B.1The indicator set

Table B.1Baseline indicator set
Indicator	Value	Unit	Year	State	Source
Net domestic GHG emissions, change since 1990	−40	%	2024	Reported	¹
Net GHG emissions, 2030 target basis	−37	%	2024	Reported	²
Renewables in gross final energy	25.2	%	2024	Reported	⁷
Energy import dependency	57	%	2024	Reported	⁸
Russian share of EU gas imports	12	%	2025	Reported	⁹
Population	452.0	million	1 Jan 2026	Reported	¹³
Aged 65 or over	22.0	%	1 Jan 2025	Reported	¹⁴
Heat-related deaths, 32 countries (modelled)	62,775	deaths	summer 2024	Reported	¹⁷
Land under water scarcity, one season	28	%	2023	Reported	¹⁹
Population in those areas	32	%	2023	Reported	¹⁹
Burnt area	1,079,538	hectares	2025	Reported	²²
Weather and climate losses	≈822	EUR billion	1980 to 2024	Reported	²³
Share of losses privately insured	<20	%	1980 to 2024	Reported	²³
Protected land	26.1	%	2022	Reported	²⁷
Protected sea	12.3	%	2022	Reported	²⁷
Farms	9.1	million	2020	Reported	³⁰
Farm managers aged 65 or over	33.2	%	2020	Reported	³¹
Locally acquired chikungunya, France · Italy	788 · 384	cases	2025	Reported	³³

Indicators, CSV Indicators, JSON

NOTES

The Union’s reference period varies by indicator. Shown as empty states, by design, because no primary figure was read at evidence close: fertiliser import shares by origin (source: Eurostat trade data; blocker: not read at the release); EU-wide data-centre electricity demand (source: IEA regional data; blocker: Europe-only figure seen only in secondary coverage); EU-wide drought extent (source: JRC drought observatory; blocker: no dated EU-only release read); hospital and care surge capacity (source: national and Eurostat health data; blocker: no comparable EU figure read); habitat condition (source: EEA nature reporting; blocker: current figure not read); EU-only subtotal of heat deaths (source: the study data; blocker: not in the sources read). A machine-readable copy of this table is published with the evidence bundle at release.

B.2National source register

The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.

Domains bound by the register

Table B.3National source register
Source	Category	Coverage	Period	Cadence	Role
GHG inventory 2026¹	EU agency	EU	1990 to 2024	annual	CLI · ENE
Trends and projections²	EU agency	EU	to 2024	annual	CLI
Energy statistics⁷⁸	national statistics	EU	2024	annual	ENE
REPowerEU and gas regulation⁹¹⁰	EU institutions	EU	2025 to 2026	per act	TRD
Population statistics¹³¹⁴	national statistics	EU	2025 to 2026	annual	profile
State of the climate¹⁵¹⁶	EU service · UN agency	Europe	2024 to 2025	annual	CLI
Heat mortality study¹⁷	peer-reviewed	32 countries	summer 2024	study	HLT
Water scarcity¹⁹	EU agency	EU	2023	annual	WAT
Fire monitoring²²	EU research centre	EU	2025	annual	BIO
Economic losses²³	EU agency	EU	1980 to 2024	annual	FIN
Disease surveillance³³³⁴	EU agency	EU/EEA	2025	seasonal	HLT

B.3Regional reading, European Union by member state

Map plates for every member state follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form.

Population, 1 January 2026¹³

452.0million

European Union

83.5million

largest member state

0.6million

smallest member state

16 of 27states

population grew in 2025

Table B.4Regional reading, European Union by member state
Region	Principal hazards	Systems most exposed	Baseline evidence
Southern member states	heat, drought, wildfire	water, health, farming, forests	EUCRA²⁴; heat deaths¹⁷; fires 2025²²
Central and eastern member states	heat, floods	water, farming	State of the Climate 2024¹⁶
Northern member states	heat spells, marine heatwaves	health, ecosystems	Fennoscandia heatwave 2025¹⁵
Western member states	storms, floods, heat	infrastructure, insurance	loss series²³
Member states most dependent on imported energy	supply and price shocks	energy, industry	dependency 98% to 5% across states⁸
The Union as a whole	cross-border compound events	all systems	losses EUR 822 billion²³

B.4Atlas card, Southern Europe in summer

member state group
Mediterranean
heat and fire
water scarcity

Systems in view: water, health, forests and protected sites, farming
Defining events: heat deaths in summer 2024¹⁷; record burnt area in 2025²²
Couplings: CLI → HLT; CLI → BIO; CLI → WAT
Capability evidence: EFFIS monitoring and the civil protection mechanism²²⁴¹
Gaps: drought extent; hospital surge capacity; irrigation demand
Agenda items: A-01 · A-04

In 2023 water scarcity conditions affected 28% of EU land and 32% of the population in at least one season [19].

WATER

Scarcity touches a third of people

A study models 62,775 heat-related deaths in summer 2024, and ECDC recorded local chikungunya in France and Italy in 2025 [17] [33].

HEALTH

Heat and new diseases

EFFIS recorded 1,079,538 hectares burnt in the EU in 2025, about 39% inside Natura 2000 sites [22].

FIRE

A record burnt area

B.5European Union system card

The card through which the European Union appears in the Europe regional edition and the global series. It summarises; it does not rank.

Table B.5European Union system card
System	Baseline state	Coupling to watch	Coverage
Water	scarcity on 28% of land	drought into farming and health	PARTIAL
Energy	renewables 25.2%; imports 57%	import disruption	GOOD
Food	ageing farm managers	input shocks	PARTIAL
Health	ageing; heat; new diseases	heat and disease load	PARTIAL
Biodiversity	protected land 26.1%	fire and land use	PARTIAL

Context

Archetype: union of 27 member states with a shared market, energy system and basins
Population: 452.0 million (1 January 2026)¹³
Trade: imports cover 57% of energy needs⁸
Hazard: losses of EUR 822 billion, 1980 to 2024²³

European Union’s card sits beside its neighbours’; shared basins, grids, corridors and supply chains are read as one regional system.

EUROPE REGIONAL EDITION

One regional system

EU evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers, so a correction travels everywhere at once.

GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES

Same findings, same IDs

In the global edition the European Union is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.

GLOBAL FLAGSHIP

Peers, not ranks

B.6Licences

Table B.6Licences of each kind of material
Material	Licence
Text	CC BY 4.0
Data	on the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0
Figures	Nexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited
Maps	boundary source and licence printed on each plate
Metadata	CC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it
Third-party data, figures and text	The source’s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed
Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.

B.7Formats and provenance

Table B.7This edition in every format
Format	Kind	State	What it is	Identifier
Web edition	HTML	On this site	Draft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.	NR-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0
Print edition	PDF	At release	A4 portrait · screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.	NR-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0
Indicator data	CSV · JSON	On this site	18 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.	NR-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE data release v1
Figures	SVG · PNG	On this site	4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.	FIG-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE-*
Slides	PDF	Not recorded	No slide deck is recorded for this edition.
Evidence brief	HTML · PDF	Not recorded	No evidence brief is recorded for this edition.
Dataset with DOI	DataCite	At release	Concept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.

Provenance

Edition pack: The edition’s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built
Evidence cut: NQ-EU-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026
Reproducibility: sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters
Self-check: 14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release
Review: five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)
Publisher of record: The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium
Corrections: Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version

Notes

Numbers are the edition’s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. Annex C, references

1European Environment Agency (ed.), Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990 to 2024 and inventory document 2026, EEA Report 04/2026. EEA, Copenhagen, 17 April 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
2European Environment Agency (ed.), Trends and projections in Europe 2025, EEA Report 08/2025. EEA, Copenhagen, 6 November 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
7Eurostat (ed.), “25.2% of energy EU used in 2024 came from renewables.” News article, Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 December 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
8Eurostat (ed.), “Energy in Europe: imports dependency.” News article, Eurostat, Luxembourg, 18 March 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
9European Commission, DG Energy (ed.), REPowerEU roadmap: ending dependence on Russian energy. European Commission, Brussels, page read 2026-11-03.back
13Eurostat (ed.), “EU population continued to grow in 2025.” News article, Eurostat, Luxembourg, 10 July 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
14Eurostat (ed.), Demography of Europe, 2026 edition. Interactive publication, Eurostat, Luxembourg, May 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
17T. Janoš, M. Quijal-Zamorano, N. Shartova et al., “Heat-related mortality in Europe during 2024 and health emergency forecasting to reduce preventable deaths,” Nature Medicine, September 2025. doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03954-7. doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03954-7 back
19European Environment Agency (ed.), “Water scarcity conditions in Europe (Water exploitation index plus).” Indicator, EEA, Copenhagen, 28 November 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
22Joint Research Centre (ed.), “2025 was the EU’s most destructive wildfire season on record.” News, European Commission, Ispra, 31 March 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
23European Environment Agency (ed.), “Economic losses from weather- and climate-related extremes in Europe.” Indicator, EEA, Copenhagen, 14 October 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
27European Environment Agency (ed.), “Protected areas,” in Europe’s environment 2025: biodiversity and ecosystems. EEA, Copenhagen, 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
30Eurostat (ed.), “EU farms: 5.3 million fewer in 2020 than in 2005.” News article, Eurostat, Luxembourg, 3 April 2023, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
31Eurostat (ed.), Regions in Europe, 2025 edition. Interactive publication, Eurostat, Luxembourg, 2025, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
33European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ed.), Seasonal surveillance of chikungunya virus disease in the EU/EEA, 2025, data submitted to 31 December 2025. ECDC, Stockholm, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
10European Parliament and Council (eds.), Regulation (EU) 2026/261 on the phase-out of Russian natural gas imports. Official Journal of the European Union, 2 February 2026.back
15Copernicus Climate Change Service and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025. ECMWF, Bonn, 29 April 2026, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
16Copernicus Climate Change Service and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2024. ECMWF, Bonn, 15 April 2025.back
34European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ed.), Seasonal surveillance of dengue in the EU/EEA, 2025, data submitted to 19 November 2025. ECDC, Stockholm, retrieved 2026-11-03.back
24European Environment Agency (ed.), European Climate Risk Assessment, EEA Report 01/2024. EEA, Copenhagen, March 2024.back
41European Parliament and Council (eds.), Decision No 1313/2013/EU on a Union Civil Protection Mechanism, as amended. Official Journal of the European Union, 2013.back

Cite this annex

Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Annex B: Data appendix. In European Union Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: The State of the European Union’s Interdependent Systems (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-COUNTRY-EU-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI).

Every citation form of the whole report, BibTeX and RIS included, is on the edition home. Cite this report

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Data appendix

B.1The indicator set

B.2National source register

Domains bound by the register

B.3Regional reading, European Union by member state

Population, 1 January 2026¹³

B.4Atlas card, Southern Europe in summer

WATER

HEALTH

FIRE

B.5European Union system card

Context

EUROPE REGIONAL EDITION

GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES

GLOBAL FLAGSHIP

B.6Licences

B.7Formats and provenance

Provenance

Notes

Cite this annex

Send evidence or a correction on European Union.

Not for profit

Who funds us

Independence

Licence

B.1The indicator set

B.2National source register

Domains bound by the register

B.3Regional reading, European Union by member state

Population, 1 January 202613

B.4Atlas card, Southern Europe in summer

WATER

HEALTH

FIRE

B.5European Union system card

Context

EUROPE REGIONAL EDITION

GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES

GLOBAL FLAGSHIP

B.6Licences

B.7Formats and provenance

Provenance

Notes

Cite this annex

Send evidence or a correction on European Union.

Not for profit

Who funds us

Independence

Licence

Population, 1 January 2026¹³