GCRI · Space and Earth Observation
Source and data register
Where Space and Earth Observation gets its data: each source with its licence, lineage, resolution, quality checks and known gaps.
01Register
Source and data register on the record.
Space and Earth Observation
- 01FieldsSpace and Earth observation, Climate and hazards
- 02STEM methods7 canonical methods applied
- 03Topics8 subject pages
- 04Counterparts7 platforms in shared fields
- 05PublisherThe Global Centre for Risk and Innovation
02What is recorded
Each source carries five facts.
01
Origin
Who produces the data and how.
02
Access terms
Licence, restrictions and permitted uses.
03
Quality
Coverage, resolution, update frequency and known errors.
04
Provenance
How the data reached the platform and what was changed.
05
Gaps
What is missing and how the gap is handled.
03Every source the topic
Every source the topic dossiers cite, with its terms.
| Source | What it gives | Terms | Used in |
|---|---|---|---|
| CEOS Analysis Ready Data specifications and assessments | Processing requirements and product status | Public, CEOS terms | Spatial temporal evidence |
| CEOS Missions, Instruments and Measurements database | Characteristics of Earth observation missions | Public, CEOS terms | Earth observation sensors |
| CEOS Working Group on Calibration and Validation resources | Calibration and validation protocols and test sites | Public, CEOS terms | Spatial temporal evidence |
| Copernicus Emergency Management Service rapid mapping | Maps and vector data for activations | Free, Copernicus terms | Disaster monitoring |
| Copernicus Global Land Service | Vegetation, water and energy variables | Free, Copernicus terms | Eo in water and agriculture |
| Copernicus Sentinel missions (ESA and European Commission) | Radar, optical, ocean and atmospheric data | Free and open, Copernicus terms | Earth observation sensors |
| Digital Earth Africa and Digital Earth Australia | Analysis-ready data cubes and validated products | Open, CC BY 4.0 | Spatial temporal evidence |
| EASA and aviation reports on GNSS interference | Recorded interference affecting aviation | Public, terms per authority | Space system resilience |
| ESA Space Environment Report and DISCOS database | Debris population, compliance and trends | Public report; DISCOS by registration (to check) | Space debris and sustainability |
| ESA Space Weather Service Network | European space weather services and data | Public, ESA terms | Space system resilience |
| FAO WaPOR | Water productivity and evapotranspiration data | Open, CC BY 4.0 (to check) | Eo in water and agriculture |
| FEWS NET remote sensing products | Rainfall and vegetation for food security analysis | Public domain where US government | Eo in water and agriculture |
| GEOGLAM Crop Monitor and Early Warning Crop Monitor | Monthly crop condition assessments | Public, GEOGLAM terms | Eo in water and agriculture |
| GNSS service performance reports (GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou) | Service performance and notices | Public, terms per provider | Communications and navigation |
| Good practice guidance on accuracy assessment, such as Olofsson and others | Methods for estimating area and accuracy | Licence per publication | Spatial temporal evidence |
| Government studies of GNSS dependence, such as the UK and US economic impact studies | Sectors depending on positioning and timing | Public records, licence per government | Communications and navigation |
| Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (NASA) | Consistent surface reflectance from both missions | Open, NASA data policy | Spatial temporal evidence |
| IADC reports | Debris mitigation guidelines and studies | Public, IADC terms | Space debris and sustainability |
| ICAO and IMO documentation on navigation | Navigation requirements in aviation and shipping | Public, terms per organisation | Communications and navigation |
| International Charter Space and Major Disasters activations | Activations and products | Public summaries, Charter terms | Disaster monitoring |
| ITU satellite network filings and Radio Regulations | Spectrum and orbit filings | Public, ITU terms | Communications and navigation |
| JRC Global Surface Water | Surface water occurrence and change | Free, licence to check | Eo in water and agriculture |
| Landsat archive (USGS and NASA) | Optical and thermal imagery since the 1970s | Public domain, US government data | Earth observation sensors |
| NASA Disasters Program | Products and data for disaster response | Open, NASA data policy | Disaster monitoring |
| NASA Earthdata | MODIS, VIIRS, GEDI and other mission data | Open, NASA data policy | Earth observation sensors |
| NASA Orbital Debris Program Office quarterly news | Debris environment updates | Public domain, US government | Space debris and sustainability |
| National mapping agency catalogues | Available datasets and licences | Licence per agency | Geospatial governance |
| National telecom regulator statistics | Satellite broadband adoption | Public records, licence per regulator | Communications and navigation |
| NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center | Space weather alerts, scales and historical data | Public domain, US government | Space system resilience |
| OGC standards | Interoperability standards for geospatial data and services | Public, OGC terms | Geospatial governance |
| Sentinel Asia | Regional disaster imagery for the Asia-Pacific | Public, terms to check | Disaster monitoring |
| Space agency and operator anomaly reports | Documented failures and causes | Public records, terms per publisher | Space system resilience |
| Space-Track and CelesTrak | Orbital element sets for tracked objects | Space-Track by registration and terms; CelesTrak public | Space debris and sustainability |
| UN-GGIM global fundamental geospatial data themes | Themes considered fundamental for national data | Public, UN terms of use | Geospatial governance |
| UN-GGIM Integrated Geospatial Information Framework documents | Framework and implementation guide | Public, UN terms of use | Geospatial governance |
| UN-SPIDER Knowledge Portal | Guidance and recommended practices for space-based disaster information | Public, UN terms of use | Disaster monitoring |
| UNOOSA Online Index of Objects Launched into Outer Space | Registration of launched objects | Public, UN terms of use | Space debris and sustainability |
| WMO OSCAR and CEOS mission databases | Mission status and observation dependencies | Public, WMO and CEOS terms | Space system resilience |
| WMO OSCAR database | Observing system capabilities and requirements | Public, WMO terms | Earth observation sensors |
| World Bank and FIG land administration studies | Cadastre and land registration status | Public, terms per publisher | Geospatial governance |
04Known gaps
Where the Earth observation data record is thin.
- Ground validation data in many regions.
- Long consistent records across sensor generations.
- High-resolution data with open terms.
- Data on space-weather effects on ground systems.
05Status
How the register grows.
Sources are added to the register as they are reviewed. A source is listed only once its terms permit the use described.
06Sources
Where this page’s references lead.
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
07Questions
Questions and answers.
Can I suggest a data source?
Yes. Write to the contact form with the source, its owner and its terms.
ReportsContribute
Contribute evidence from this page.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
GCRISpace and Earth ObservationObservatory SignalExponential Technology
- EmailGateway GW-GCRISend it from this pageEvidence, a correction, a case, a method, a review, a translation or profile input. It arrives tagged with this page, so the editor who owns it receives it.
- ZenodoOpen depositDeposit it and submit to the communityPublish your own record on Zenodo with your ORCID iD, then submit it to the Reports community there. Curators review it; the DOI stays yours.
- ReportsGCRISee every way to contributeThe contribution types, how each is reviewed, what credit you receive, the licence and what is never accepted.
Never send personal data, sensitive infrastructure detail or anything you have no right to share. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights, and sponsorship never buys a finding.
Space and Earth Observation
Bring a method, a dataset or a question.
Information and enquiries are open today. An enquiry receives a reference and names the next step; applications, payments, compute allocations and registrations open only when their team, terms and review capacity exist.
Legal
Legal documents.
Maps, data and figures on this site are shown for context and general information. They are not advice, forecasts or warnings; the limits of the information are set out in the Disclaimers and Data Notices.