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GCRIFuture of Work and SkillsIn development
Dependencies and consequences

Dependencies and consequences

Work sits between the economy, technology, education, health and social protection. Changes in technology or markets reach households through jobs and wages, and failures in work systems spread into public finances, health and social cohesion. This page explains the causal, economic, social and ecological links between work and other systems and how stress travels along them. Effects often arrive slowly and last for years.

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Publisher
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation
Field
Work and skills, Society and human development, Artificial intelligence
Status
In development
Service level
R0: information and enquiries

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Layers 2

People and exposure

Latest available

NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Natural Earth

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Population density, night-time lights, air quality, heat and floods, framed on Southeast Asia.Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date; indicators, not assessments of any place; claim ceiling INTEGRATED.

Data: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Natural EarthSources and licences

  • We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). CC BY 4.0
  • VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • OMI nitrogen dioxide (Aura) and OMPS aerosol index (Suomi NPP), NASA; distributed by the NASA GES DISC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
  • Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. Public domain
  • Globe: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © MapLibre contributors.

Layers and dates

  • Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, CC BY 4.0 · static
  • Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC · 12 Oct 2026
  • Nitrogen dioxide, lower atmosphere column: OMI Aura, NASA GES DISC · 10 Oct 2026
  • Land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite: VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day, NASA LANCE · 14 Sep 2026
  • Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE · 14 Oct 2026

STEM methods
5
Canonical methods this field applies
Topics
8
Subject pages in the field
Counterparts
5
Platforms in shared fields at GCRI, GRF and GRA
Report series
2
Nexus Reports series it contributes to
01In brief

The short answer.

Dependencies and consequences in Future of Work and Skills describe how work and skills, society and human development, and artificial intelligence connect to other systems through physical, economic, social and ecological links, and how stress travels along them toward fields such as those of Innovation Nexus and AI and Digital Governance. Every dependency map states its assumptions, data and uncertainty; it describes connections, not a forecast.

02Canvas

One field, three institutions.

Canvas · one field, three institutionsDesign, not a record
One field, three institutions: Future of Work and Skills and its counterpartsGCRI studies the field as science, GRF governs and convenes it, GRA builds shared financial understanding; the Nexus Universe tests work across them and the competent authorities decide. Design of the arrangement, not a record.

Fig.How GCRI, GRF and GRA share one field while the authorities decide. Design, not a record.

03Console

Field overview, in outline.

The working screen behind this subject: its structure, terms and states. Names are placeholders and values illustrative.

Field overview: the screen's structure, terms and states for Future of work.Placeholder names and illustrative values; a design, not a record or a live system.
07Key terms

Terms used on this page.

Each term as this page uses it. Where a standard-setting body defines the term, the wording follows that body.

TermDefinition
InterdependencyA two-way dependency between infrastructures, such as power needing telecoms for control while telecoms need power to run.
Cascading riskRisk that a failure in one system or component triggers failures in others that depend on it.
Compound eventTwo or more hazards or drivers occurring together or in sequence whose joint impact exceeds what either would cause alone, such as drought followed by intense rain; IPCC assessments use the term.
Dependency mappingTracing the people, processes, technology, facilities and suppliers a service relies on.
08Method

How dependencies are analysed.

The platform traces these links using labour market data, input-output and regional analysis, and evaluations of programmes, with econometrics to separate cause from correlation. A dependency map shows how stress could travel; it is not a forecast, and each link carries its evidence label. Governance responses are convened at The Global Risks Forum (GRF) through AI and Digital Governance and Innovation Nexus.

See methods and uncertainty.

09Questions

Questions and answers.

Why do effects concentrate in places?
Industries cluster, and workers often cannot move easily because of housing, family and skills. When a dominant employer declines, the whole local economy feels it.
Is the energy transition good or bad for jobs?
It creates jobs in some sectors and places and removes them in others. The net effect and its distribution depend on policy, skills and timing.
Can these links be measured?
Many can, with administrative and survey data, though causal effects are harder to establish than correlations. Results carry their evidence labels.
Who acts on these links?
Governments, employers, unions, education systems and social insurance agencies, each under its own mandate. The platform supplies evidence for all of them.
Related

Around Future of Work and Skills.

Future of Work and Skills

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