GCRI · Registry

فئات الأدلة

Not all evidence carries the same weight. A peer-reviewed trial, a published statistic, a model output, a press statement and an owner’s own declaration can all support the same sentence, yet each warrants a different degree of reliance. Evidence classes make that difference visible. This page sets out how records are classed by evidence type, how confidence is stated, how reliance limits are set, and why claims drift beyond what their evidence supports.

02السؤال

Evidence classes: how the risk develops.

Evidence type, reliance limits and confidence. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

الآلية

Class collapse

When observed, modelled, reported and declared evidence share one field with no label, a reader cannot tell a measurement from a projection or a self-assessment. The weakest source then borrows the authority of the strongest.

الآلية

Claim creep

A finding moves from a cautious report to an abstract, a summary and a headline, losing qualifiers at each step. The claim widens while its evidence stays the same, until it exceeds what any source supports.

الآلية

Single-source dependence

Many records rest on one upstream source cited by several intermediaries. Counting the intermediaries makes the evidence look plural and independent when it is one source repeated.

الآلية

Confidence without basis

A confidence word such as likely or high is attached without saying what it rests on. Readers in different fields interpret the word differently, so one label carries different meanings to an editor, a funder and a court.

03الرصد

دفتر السجلات.

الشاشة التي قد يستخدمها فريق لمتابعة هذا الموضوع: مقاييسه وحالاته وقراراته. والأسماء أمثلة والقيم توضيحية.

دفتر السجلات

Evidence classes · Registry · Ledger head 3142470

  • السجلات المسجَّلة
    5701
  • اكتمال بيان المصدر، % من السجلات
    92عادي
  • التصحيحات المفتوحة
    10مراقبة
  • تعليقات الحقوق
    4معلومات
اجتاز فحص السلامة⁨GCRI⁩ · السجل

أحدث السجلات

NX-R-12221حالة البرنامجv24472615مسجَّل
NX-P-88287النشرv31324692مسجَّل
NX-E-72567سجل الأدلةv44410118تصحيح مفتوح
NX-C-27773المشاركةv17438493تعليق الحقوق

سجل الإصدارات

  1. v1NEWمسجَّل مع مصادره
  2. v2FIXتصحيح الوحدة وتسجيل السبب
  3. v3OPENطُلب تصحيح
Record ledger: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Evidence classes.أسماء مثالية وقيم توضيحية؛ تصميم وليس سجلًا ولا نظامًا حيًا.
04In the five domains

Evidence classes mean the same thing in every domain.

05الأساليب والأدلة

How evidence classes is modelled, measured and tested.

النموذج وافتراضاته وبياناته وعدم اليقين فيه، بالصورة التي يفحصها بها عالم أو مهندس. وتتبع البنى أساليب منشورة. والقيم المرسومة توضيحية، وليست نتائج.

مجموعات البيانات وبيان المصدر

The data classes behind evidence classes and what is recorded about each before it is used.

فئة البياناتبيان المصدر مسجلالدقة معلنةالترخيص مفحوص
صور الأقمار الاصطناعية، البصرية والراداريةالمستشعر، مستوى المعالجة، تاريخ الاقتناءحجم البكسل وإعادة الزيارةلكل مشهد
إعادة التحليل ومخرجات النماذج المناخيةالنموذج، التجربة، العضو، الإصدارالشبكة والخطوة الزمنيةلكل إصدار
المستشعرات والمقاييس الميدانيةالمحطة، الجهاز، سجل المعايرةالنقطة ومعدل أخذ العيناتلكل شبكة
التعرض لدى السكان والأصولالأسلوب، سنة الإصدار، مصادر المدخلاتحجم الخلية والوحدةلكل إصدار
الحدود والجغرافيا المرجعيةالمنتج، الإصدار، التاريخالمقياسلكل إصدار
النسب
سجل ⁨W3C PROV⁩ من المصدر إلى الشكل
المبادئ
⁨FAIR⁩: قابلة للعثور، قابلة للوصول، قابلة للتشغيل البيني، قابلة لإعادة الاستخدام
الفجوات
يُعرض كمفقود، ولا يُملأ بصمت أبدا
فئات البيانات وحقول بيان المصدر المسجلة لكل منها؛ ولا تُدرج مجموعة بيانات بالاسم إلا بعد أن يسمح ترخيصها بالاستخدام.
مبادئ FAIR التوجيهية · GO FAIR وFORCE11⁨W3C PROV⁩ · اتحاد الشبكة العالميةإرشادات بشأن المعالجة المتسقة لأوجه عدم اليقين · الهيئة الحكومية الدولية المعنية بتغير المناخبيانات CEOS الجاهزة للتحليل · لجنة سواتل رصد الأرض
06المؤشرات الفرعية

ما الذي يُقاس، ومدى جودة قياسه.

يحمل كل مؤشر وحدته ووتيرته ونوع المصدر الذي يستند إليه ووسم الأدلة الذي ستحمله القيمة. ولا تُعرض أي قيم: فالبرنامج يقدّمها بموجب سلطته الخاصة.

المؤشرالوحدةوتيرة الإصدارنوع المصدرالوسم
Assertions with an evidence classshare of assertionsشهريSchema validationمرصود
Assertions by evidence classcount by classفصليRegistry recordsمرصود
Assertions resting on a single sourceshare of assertionsفصليProvenance graphمرصود
Confidence statements with a stated basisshare of confidence statementsفصليCuration reviewمرصود
Class reassignments after reviewالعددفصليReview recordsمرصود
Agreement between independent classifiersagreement coefficientper auditDouble-coding auditمُقدَّر
Claims exceeding their evidence classالعددشهريClaim-to-evidence auditمرصود
07المصادر

من أين تأتي الأدلة.

مجموعات بيانات عامة مسمّاة وسجلات مؤسسية، لكلٍّ منها فئة ترخيصها. ولا تُستخدم المصادر المتاحة بموجب اتفاق إلا وفق شروطها، ولا يُعاد نشرها أبدًا.

المصدرما يقدّمهفئة الترخيص
GRADE handbookA method for rating the certainty of evidence and the strength of recommendationsFree to read, GRADE Working Group terms
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of InterventionsMethods for assessing risk of bias and synthesising evidenceFree to read online, Cochrane copyright
مذكرة إرشادية من ⁨IPCC⁩ بشأن المعالجة المتسقة لأوجه عدم اليقينلغة معايرة للثقة والاحتمال في التقييماتFree to read, IPCC terms
Evidence and Conclusion Ontology (ECO)A controlled vocabulary of evidence types used in scientific curationOpen ontology, free to reuse
Oxford CEBM levels of evidenceA hierarchy of evidence types for clinical questionsFree to read, attribution
Campbell Collaboration methods guidanceMethods for evidence synthesis in social and economic policyFree to read, Campbell terms
08القرارات

من يقرر، وما الذي تخدمه الأدلة.

Registry prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

من يقررالسؤالالأدلة التي تخدمها هذه الصفحة
Guideline panels and systematic reviewersHow much weight an assertion can bear in a recommendationEvidence class, certainty rating and independence of the sources behind it
Funders and assessment panelsWhether reported outcomes are evidenced or only declaredClass labels separating observed outcomes from self-reported and planned ones
Journal editorsWhether a manuscript’s claims match the class of evidence it citesEvidence class of each cited record and any single-source dependence
Regulators and public bodiesWhether evidence is strong enough to justify a rule or an interventionClass, confidence basis and reliance limits for each supporting record

المخرجات التي يُنتجها هذا الموضوع

  • An evidence class assigned to each assertion and carried into every view and export
  • A glossary of classes stating what each supports and what it does not
  • Reliance notes marking assertions that rest on a single source
  • Confidence statements with their stated basis and the reviewer who set them
09الأسئلة الجوهرية

What experts ask about evidence types.

  • How should a classification separate the source of a claim from its reliability?
  • How can a label survive aggregation, when estimates are mixed with observations?
  • How should confidence be communicated to non-specialists without misleading them?
  • When is a scenario mistaken for a forecast, and how is that prevented?
  • What should a record say when the evidence type is unknown?
10الآليات

How evidence loses its label.

Evidence is most often misused not because it is wrong but because it is read as something it is not. A modelled estimate printed in a table beside published statistics acquires their apparent authority. A scenario designed to explore a possibility is quoted as a prediction. Assessment bodies in climate science, public health and statistics have each developed calibrated language for confidence and likelihood for this reason.

The Registry uses the evidence labels shared across the programme: Observed, Published statistics, Institution-reported, Estimated, Modelled, Forecast, Scenario, Expert judgement and Unknown. A label names a source type. “Published statistics” means published by the responsible agency; it is not a claim of endorsement. Estimates stay labelled as estimates and never replace published figures.

11المناهج وحدودها

Classifying and qualifying evidence.

  1. 01

    نوع المصدر

    The label records how the evidence was produced, separately from any judgement of quality.

  2. 02

    Reliance limits

    Each record states the uses it can and cannot support, such as the geographic scale or period for which it holds.

  3. 03

    Confidence

    Where a method yields uncertainty, the record carries it, drawing on statistical practice from the STEM Commons. See هندسة البيانات والتشغيل البيني وإدارتها for the data side.

  4. 04

    الحدود

    Any classification simplifies. Mixed evidence needs the most cautious label of its parts, which can understate strong findings, and labels depend on honest declaration by issuers.

12الأساليب

كيف يُدرس، وما لا تستطيع المناهج قوله.

13Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

الهيئات والوثائق التي تُقرأ هذه الصفحة في ضوئها. وتتغير الحالات والإصدارات؛ ويقود كل رابط إلى الهيئة المُصدِرة.

14أسئلة

أسئلة وأجوبة.

Is a declared assertion worthless?
No. A declaration is the issuer’s own statement, and for some facts, such as an owner’s intent, it is the right evidence. It is labelled so readers know it has not been independently checked.
Why can confidence words mislead?
Because likely or high confidence mean different things across fields. Stating the basis, such as the agreement of independent sources, lets readers judge the word for themselves.
Can an assertion’s class change?
Yes. New evidence, review or correction can raise or lower it. Each change is recorded with its reason, and the earlier class stays visible in the record’s history.
Why are many citations not many sources?
Because several records can repeat one upstream source. The provenance graph shows whether supporting records are independent or share an origin, which matters more than their count.
Is “published statistics” a stronger label than Modelled?
It names a different source, not a ranking. A published figure can be revised, and a model can be well validated. The record states the limits of each.
Why keep an Unknown label?
Because pretending to know a source is worse than saying it is unknown. An Unknown label tells readers to treat the evidence with care.
Can a record carry more than one label?
A composite record states the label of each part, and its headline label is the most cautious one.
التقاريرساهم

ساهم بأدلة من هذه الصفحة.

التقارير is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

GCRIالسجلالأساليب والجوانب التقنية
السجل

قدّم منهجية أو مجموعة بيانات أو سؤالا.

المعلومات والاستفسارات متاحة اليوم. ويحصل الاستفسار على رقم مرجعي ويحدد الخطوة التالية؛ ولا تُفتح الطلبات والمدفوعات وتخصيصات الحوسبة والتسجيلات إلا حين يتوافر فريقها وشروطها وقدرة المراجعة.

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