Global Risks Forum 2025

Quadruple Helix

The Quadruple Helix is an innovation and collaboration model with a citizen/end-user perspective. The model is useful in innovation processes where the citizens needs are central, as for example in health care and public e-services. Innovative processes often lack involvement of citizens and end-users. These process sometimes adopt a Triple Helix model, which is an innovation and collaboration model that describes the interaction between public sector, academia and industry. In the Triple Helix model, citizens/end-users are viewed as passive recipients, consumers or end- users who assimilate the products and services developed. Using the Quadruple Helix for end-users participation in the development of an innovation can lead to more successful, user-oriented, and human-centered innovations. The end-users will be more likely to accept and adopt the innovation. It will also have a greater social benefit at lower costs and improve empowerment of the citizens, who will increasingly experience trust towards the innovators and become an active part of the innovation system.

Sources
2017
A quadruple helix model of entrepreneurship, innovation and stages of economic development

A Galvão, C Mascarenhas, RG Rodrigues

Innovation, Entrepreneurship

2012
A growth model for the quadruple helix

O Afonso, S Monteiro, M Thompson

economic growth, quadruple helix, innovation systems, government expenditure

2021
From regional innovation systems to global innovation hubs: Evidence of a Quadruple Helix from an emerging economy

A Malik, P Sharma, V Pereira, Y Temouri

R&D teams, Global innovation hubs, Agglomeration, Quadruple helix, Communities of practice

2011
Innovation in Creative Industries: from the Quadruple Helix Model to the Systems Theory

C Colapinto, C Porlezza

Quadruple helix model, Systems theory, technology transfer, creative industries

2009
'Mode 3' and 'Quadruple Helix': toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem

EG Carayannis, DFJ Campbell

mode 3 innovation ecosystem, quadruple helix, innovation networks, knowledge clusters, knowledge fractals, glocal, academic firms, knowledge swings, conceptual branding, knowledge weavers, knowledge economy, knowledge society

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