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GCRI · 工作与技能的未来

劳动经济学

Economics explains how labour markets allocate work and pay, how technology and trade change demand for skills, and how institutions such as minimum wages and 社会保护 shape outcomes. In this field it frames the questions about jobs, wages and transitions.

提出咨询 Back to STEM foundation of Future of Work and Skills
01目录

Labour economics in five parts.

方案5 个步骤
  1. 01申请What economics and development economics does here
  2. 02数据该方法使用的输入
  3. 03验证结果如何核查
  4. 04关联依赖该方法的主题
  5. 05管理责任由谁维护该方法
02申请

What economics and development economics does here.

Economics and development economics study how societies produce, distribute and consume resources and how living standards change. They estimate the costs of shocks and the trade-offs among policy responses. In work and skills, society and human development and artificial intelligence, economic analysis quantifies indirect losses as shocks spread through supply chains and labour markets. It supports prioritising investment in prevention and recovery. The canonical description is on STEM Commons.

Task-based analysis of technology

Occupations are broken into tasks and matched with what technologies can do, to estimate which tasks may be automated or augmented and how wages may respond.

Labour market institutions

Effects of minimum wages, collective bargaining and employment protection on employment, wages and job quality are analysed with comparative evidence.

Just transition economics

Job losses and gains from decarbonisation are traced by sector and region, with costs to displaced workers and communities estimated.

03监测

计量经济模型。

团队遵循该方法时会使用的界面：其指标、状态与决策。名称为示例，数值仅作示意。

计量经济模型

Future of work · Labour economics · Run R-4567

估计值稳定GCRI · 工作与技能的未来

估计值

稳健标准误

Task exposure to automation0.160.16[−0.5, 0.4]否
Vacancy-to-unemployed ratio0.380.19[−0.1, 0.2]否
Training participation0.170.13[−0.5, 0.9]否
Occupational injury rate−0.200.07[−0.6, 0.3]否

方法卡

方法
经济学与发展经济学
样本
8154 obs
设计
面板，固定效应
标签
模型生成

按组别的残差

Econometric model: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Future of work.示例名称和示意数值；是设计方案，并非记录或实时系统。
04数据

该方法使用的输入。

Datasets and records used by economics and development economics on this platform, with the role each plays and the label its values carry. Sources are listed in 来源登记册.

数据角色标签
Occupational task dataTask content已报告
Labour force surveysEmployment and wages已发布统计
Sector employment data状态转换已发布统计
05方法与证据

How labour economics is modelled, measured and tested.

模型、其假设、数据和不确定性，以科学家或工程师会核查的形式呈现。结构遵循已发表的方法。所取数值仅为示意，不是研究发现。

系统模型

The couplings between the systems in labour economics: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−++工作社会人工智能社区经济R 增强B 平衡
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
FAIR 指导原则 · GO FAIR 和 FORCE11W3C PROV · 万维网联盟关于一致处理不确定性的指南 · IPCCCEOS 分析就绪数据 · 地球观测卫星委员会
06验证

结果如何核查。

Models are assessed against historical episodes and out-of-sample data. Parameter estimates are compared across studies and identification strategies.

核查如何开展
Context fitTask data from one country are checked for fit before use in another
Comparative evidenceInstitutional effects are compared across countries and periods
Distributional reportingResults are reported by group, region and wage level

Equilibrium models may understate disruption and nonlinear cascades. Informal economies and non-market losses are poorly measured.

07流程

流程如何运行。

Process explorer · Process

Labour economics: PRISMA 2020 review reporting

10 steps4 个阶段

流程

Labour economics: PRISMA 2020 review reporting

PRISMA 2020 是系统综述的报告指南；各步骤依循其核查清单，而非强制顺序，且没有任何 Nexus 文件采纳它。

  1. 01 Plan

    1. 01注册与协议记录 · 审查团队该指南要求说明注册信息、方案的获取方式以及任何修订。
    2. 02资格标准记录 · 审查团队该指南要求说明纳入与排除标准以及研究的分组方式。

  2. 02 查找与遴选

    1. 03检索：来源与策略步骤 · 审查团队该指南要求说明信息来源与完整的检索策略。它并不规定使用哪些来源。
    2. 04研究的遴选步骤 · 审查团队该指南要求说明如何判定研究符合纳入条件，包括有多少名审查人进行筛选。它并不规定审查人数量。
    3. 05流程图记录流程图显示检索到的记录数量、纳入的研究数量以及排除的理由。

  3. 03 分析

    1. 06数据收集步骤 · 审查团队该指南要求说明如何从报告中收集数据以及寻求了哪些数据项。
    2. 07偏倚风险步骤 · 审查团队该指南要求说明评估偏倚风险所使用的方法与工具。
    3. 08综合模型 · 审查团队该指南要求说明效应量指标与综合方法。它并不规定必须进行荟萃分析。
    4. 09证据的确定性步骤 · 审查团队该指南要求说明评估确定性所用的方法，并按结局报告结果。它并未指定分级量表。

  4. 04 报告

    1. 10审查报告记录该指南帮助作者报告开展综述的原因、所做的工作以及所得的发现。

报告Outline of an externally published reporting guideline, not a Nexus process and not a record of operation. PRISMA 2020 mainly covers reviews of intervention effects. No Nexus page names it. Every programme is at service level R0.

08关联

依赖该方法的主题。

09管理责任

由谁维护该方法。

经济发展 stewards economics and development economics for the Consortium and reviews how it is applied across platforms.

Canonical page: Economics and development economics

10已关联

本页在整个联合体中通向何处。

11问题

问题与解答。

What are the limits of economics and development economics in this field?
Equilibrium models may understate disruption and nonlinear cascades. Informal economies and non-market losses are poorly measured.
结果如何核查？
Models are assessed against historical episodes and out-of-sample data. Parameter estimates are compared across studies and identification strategies.
本页面上的数值是真实的吗？
The data names, roles and checks are real descriptions of practice. The canvas shows a design of the method’s use, not a run; no result is reported here.
该方法还应用于何处？
维持社会运转的 规范方法页面 列出应用该方法的每个平台。
报告贡献

从本页贡献证据。

Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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工作与技能的未来

带来一种方法、一个数据集或一个问题。

信息和咨询现已开放。每项咨询都会获得一个编号，并告知下一步；申请、付款、算力分配和注册只有在相应团队、条款和审查能力就绪时才会开放。

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