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GCRI · Avenir du travail et des compétences

Planification institutionnelle des effectifs

Hospitals, schools, utilities and public administrations must anticipate how many staff with which skills they will need, as demand, technology and demographics change. Shortages in critical services can become crises when shocks hit. This page sets out how workforce planning works, how supply and demand for skills are forecast and monitored, and what evidence serves the institutions and governments that plan their workforce.

01Registre

Institutional workforce planning on the record.

02La question

Institutional workforce planning: how the risk develops.

Public and private sector capacity. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

Mécanisme

Training takes years

Doctors, nurses, engineers and teachers take years to train, so shortages cannot be fixed quickly and planning must look ahead.

Mécanisme

Retirement waves create gaps

Ageing workforces in public services face waves of retirement that drain experience faster than recruits can replace it.

Mécanisme

Migration moves skills

Health and other professionals migrate to higher-paying countries, relieving shortages there and creating them in origin countries.

Mécanisme

Shortages cascade in crises

In emergencies, understaffed services lose capacity first, and burnout among remaining staff can drive further departures.

03Suivi

Console des compétences et de l'exposition.

L'écran qu'une équipe utiliserait pour suivre ce sujet : ses mesures, ses états et ses décisions. Les noms sont des exemples et les valeurs sont illustratives.

Console des compétences et de l'exposition

Institutional workforce planning · Labour market A · Year 2

Écart dans les rôles liés aux donnéesGCRI · Avenir du travail et des compétences

Professions par exposition

Personnel administratif51,4510.7SubstitutOpérations de données
Opérateurs de machines28,1830.7MixteMaintenance des robots
Travailleurs du soin52,5110.1ComplémentMonter en compétences
Analystes24,3490.3ComplémentMonter en compétences

Postes vacants par compétence

050100postes vacants pour 100 demandeurs d'emploiDonnéesSoinsMétiersVertAdministration

Parcours de requalification

  1. Évaluerprofil de compétences
  2. Correspondanceposte cible
  3. Former11 semaines
  4. Lieuemployeur
  5. Assurer le suivi6 mois
Skills and exposure console: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Institutional workforce planning.Noms donnés à titre d'exemple et valeurs illustratives ; une conception, non un enregistrement ni un système en service.
04À travers les domaines

Institutions in every domain need workforce plans.

05Méthodes et preuves

How institutional workforce planning is modelled, measured and tested.

Le modèle, ses hypothèses, ses données et son incertitude, sous la forme qu'un scientifique ou un ingénieur vérifierait. Les structures suivent des méthodes publiées. Les valeurs représentées sont illustratives, ce ne sont pas des résultats.

Modèle de système

The couplings between the systems in institutional workforce planning: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−++TravailSociétéIntelligence artificielleCommunautésÉconomieR renforçanteB équilibrage
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
Principes directeurs FAIR · GO FAIR et FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumOrientations sur le traitement cohérent des incertitudes · GIECCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Comité sur les satellites d'observation de la Terre
06Indicateurs

Ce qui est mesuré, et avec quelle qualité.

Chaque indicateur porte son unité, sa périodicité, le type de source qui le sous-tend et l'étiquette de preuve que porterait une valeur. Aucune valeur n'est affichée : un programme les fournit sous sa propre autorité.

IndicateurUnitéFréquenceType de sourceÉtiquette
Vacancy rate in critical occupationspercent of poststrimestrielEmployer and sector recordsDÉCLARÉ
Workforce age profileshare aged fifty-five and overannuelWorkforce registersStatistiques publiées
Training places versus projected needratioannuelPlanning projectionsPRÉVISION
Staff turnoverpercent per yearannuelHuman resources recordsOBSERVÉ
Foreign-trained professionalspercent of workforceannuelProfessional registersStatistiques publiées
Health worker densityper ten thousand populationannuelNational Health Workforce AccountsStatistiques publiées
07Sources

D'où proviennent les données probantes.

Jeux de données publics et registres institutionnels nommés, chacun avec sa catégorie de licence. Les sources fournies dans le cadre d'accords ne sont utilisées que selon leurs conditions et ne sont jamais republiées.

SourcesCe qu'elle apporteCatégorie de licence
WHO National Health Workforce AccountsHealth workforce stock and flowsOpen, WHO terms of use
WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel reportingEthical recruitment and migration dataPublic, WHO terms of use
Cedefop skills forecastsSkills supply and demand projections in EuropePublic, EU terms
Public service workforce statisticsSize, age and turnover of public workforcesPublic records, licence per government
UNESCO data on teachersTeacher numbers and qualificationsOpen, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
08Décisions

Qui décide, et à quoi servent les données probantes.

Future of Work and Skills prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

Qui décideLa questionDonnées probantes servies par cette page
Health, education and public service ministriesHow many professionals to train and recruitProjections; turnover analyses
Institutions and employersHow to retain staff and plan successionTurnover and age evidence
Governments in origin and destination countriesHow to manage professional migration ethicallyMigration evidence

Résultats que produit ce thème

  • Workforce supply and demand projections with ranges
  • Retirement and turnover risk analyses
  • Migration flow analyses for critical professions
  • Evidence notes for workforce strategies
09Questions essentielles

What workforce planners ask.

  • What skills will the organisation or sector need in five and ten years?
  • How many people with those skills exist, and how many will retire or leave?
  • Where are shortages most likely to disrupt critical services?
  • How can capacity be built, through training, recruitment, redesign or technology?
10Mécanismes

Why shortages persist.

Training skilled workers takes years, so supply responds slowly to demand. Ageing workforces in sectors such as health, utilities and public administration create waves of retirement. Public sector pay structures may not compete for scarce skills such as digital, engineering and data roles. Critical national missions, such as an energy transition or a disaster recovery programme, can require skills faster than systèmes can produce them.

Planning often fails because it extrapolates past trends, works in sector silos and is not linked to education provision or funding decisions.

11Méthodes et données

Tools for planning capacity.

  1. 01

    Supply and demand modelling

    Projecting workforce stock and needs under scenarios, using l'économie et l'économie du développement. Projections are sensitive to assumptions about technology and policy.

  2. 02

    Competency mapping

    Defining the competencies roles require and assessing the current workforce against them.

  3. 03

    Scenario planning

    Testing workforce plans against different futures, using économétrie and expert judgement. Scenarios are not forecasts.

  4. 04

    Capacity audits

    Reviewing critical roles, single points of failure and succession.

13Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

Les organismes et documents à l'aune desquels cette page se lit. Les statuts et éditions changent ; chaque lien mène à l'organisme émetteur.

14Questions

Questions et réponses.

What is workforce planning?
The process of forecasting the number and skills of staff an organisation or sector will need and planning how to meet that need.
Why do health worker shortages persist?
Because training takes years, workers retire and migrate, and conditions drive some to leave, while demand rises with ageing populations.
What is the WHO Global Code on recruitment?
A voluntary code that sets principles for the ethical international recruitment of health personnel, with countries reporting on its implementation.
Why do workforce plans often miss?
They tend to extrapolate past trends, overlook interactions between sectors and are not linked to training and funding decisions. Scenario-based planning helps address this.
Can technology fill skill shortages?
Sometimes partly, by automating tasks or supporting less specialised staff. It can also create new shortages in the skills needed to run the technology.
Does the platform produce workforce plans for organisations?
No. It publishes methods and research. Organisations plan their own workforces; scoped technical assistance is described by Agency.
How does an ageing workforce affect planning?
It creates retirement waves that can remove experience faster than it can be replaced, so knowledge transfer and succession become planning priorities.
What is a single point of failure in a workforce?
A critical function that depends on one person or a very small group, so that their absence would stop the service.
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