Reports · GCRI · Established
Cyber and digital resilience · Critical infrastructure
Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience in Reports
Security, reliability and continuity of cyber-dependent services, devices and institutions. This page shows the series it feeds, the evidence behind it and how to contribute.
- Series
- 2
- Systems
- 4
- Methods
- 6
01In brief
What this area brings to the editions.
Security, reliability and continuity of cyber-dependent services, devices and institutions.
02Field
Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience on the map.
The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.
Layers 3
Connected activity, for this page
About this layer
- Evidence
- Observed
- Source
- VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2) (NASA LAADS DAAC)
- Provider
- NASA LAADS DAAC
- Licence
- NASA open data
- Vintage
- daily; Satellite radiance, corrected for moonlight and atmosphere
- Newest at build
- 2026-10-12
- Resolution
- about 500 m grid
- Uncertainty
- Satellite night-time radiance for the date shown; lights are a proxy for electricity use and outages, not a measurement of supply or access.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
- Evidence
- Estimated
- Source
- Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University))
- Provider
- NASA SEDAC (CIESIN, Columbia University)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0
- Vintage
- static product; Census-based estimate, static (2020)
- Resolution
- about 1 km grid
- Uncertainty
- Census-based estimate of people per square kilometre in 2020, shown as exposure context; not a count of people affected by any hazard.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
- Evidence
- Observed (clouds leave gaps)
- Source
- VIIRS Global Flood Product (NASA LANCE)
- Provider
- NASA LANCE
- Licence
- NASA open data
- Vintage
- daily; Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps
- Newest at build
- 2026-10-14
- Resolution
- about 250 m grid
- Uncertainty
- Satellite detection; clouds leave gaps. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
- Evidence
- Observed
- Source
- VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance (NASA LANCE)
- Provider
- NASA LANCE
- Licence
- NASA open data
- Vintage
- daily; Satellite image
- Newest at build
- 2026-10-14
- Resolution
- about 250 m grid
- Uncertainty
- Satellite image. Satellite or model raster as the provider publishes it. Clouds, swath gaps and retrieval error leave gaps and noise; values are indicators, not measurements at a place.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
- Evidence
- Modelled (latest year GIBS publishes)
- Source
- MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1) (NASA LP DAAC)
- Provider
- NASA LP DAAC
- Licence
- NASA open data
- Vintage
- yearly; Satellite classification; latest year GIBS publishes
- Newest at build
- 2024-01-01
- Resolution
- about 500 m grid
- Uncertainty
- Satellite land cover classes for the year shown, including croplands; a classification with known errors, not a farm register.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
About this layer
- Evidence
- Observed (clouds leave gaps)
- Source
- MODIS Terra EVI (NASA LANCE)
- Provider
- NASA LANCE
- Licence
- NASA open data
- Vintage
- daily; Satellite index; clouds leave gaps
- Newest at build
- 2026-10-13
- Resolution
- about 250 m grid
- Uncertainty
- Satellite vegetation index for the 8 days to the date shown, a habitat condition indicator; not a measure of species or biodiversity.
- Reached through
- gibs.earthdata.nasa.gov, only after you allow the live map
Keyboard, with the map focused
Hold Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll to zoom
Latest available
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) · Natural Earth
Loading the latest NASA imagery.
Drag to move. Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.
Connected activity, framed on Europe.Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date. They are indicators, not assessments of any place.
Data: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Natural Earth · NASA EONET · NASA/NOAA VIIRS · NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT
Sources and licences
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). doi:10.7927/H49C6VHW. CC BY 4.0
- VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- MODIS land products (vegetation indices, gross primary production, land cover), NASA LP DAAC and LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. NASA open data
- Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. Public domain
- © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). ODbL
- Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, © OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.
- Globe: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © MapLibre contributors.
- Live events: NASA Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET); events are indicative and keep their original source links.
- Observed (EO): NASA/NOAA VIIRS (Suomi NPP). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Observed (EO): NASA JPL OPERA DIST-ALERT (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026). We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA’s Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA’s Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Optional layers (5 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.
Layers and dates
- Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC · 12 Oct 2026
- Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, CC BY 4.0 · static
- Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE · 14 Oct 2026
- True colour: VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
- Land cover type (IGBP), yearly: MODIS Terra and Aqua land cover (MCD12Q1), NASA LP DAAC · 2024
- Enhanced vegetation index, rolling 8 days: MODIS Terra EVI, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
03In the editions
9 findings of the drafted editions that bear on Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience.
Drawn from the Baseline Edition 2026 drafts through the systems this area reads. Each opens at its anchor in its edition, with its numbered sources.
- AREUnited Arab EmiratesGas gave 68% of electricity generation in 2025, down from 97% in 2019, while nuclear reached 21% and solar 10%; total generation rose from 138 to 184 TWh.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARE-ENE-003
- ARGArgentinaLow-carbon sources supplied 42% of electricity in 2025, and renewables including large hydro covered 40.2% of demand.REPORTED · COUNTRY-ARG-ENE-003
- AUAfrican UnionIn 2024, 55.1% of people in Sub-Saharan Africa had electricity, up from 46.4% in 2018; about 579 million had none (derived).REPORTED · COUNTRY-AU-ENE-002
- AUSAustraliaWind and solar supplied 33% of electricity in 2025; fossil fuels supplied 61% and coal 43%.REPORTED · COUNTRY-AUS-ENE-003
- BRABrazilRenewables supplied 86.8% of electricity in 2025. Hydropower fell 4.8% to 401.4 TWh while gas generation rose 22.7%, and wind and solar together supplied 26.4%.REPORTED · COUNTRY-BRA-ENE-005
- CHESwitzerlandIn 2025 hydropower supplied 55.5% of domestic electricity generation, nuclear power 27.2% and photovoltaics 11.8%, and final electricity consumption was 57,970 GWh.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHE-ENE-003
- CHNChinaCoal supplied 54.8% of electricity in 2025 and 51.4% of total energy consumption, while wind and solar supplied 21.9% of electricity.REPORTED · COUNTRY-CHN-ENE-006
- EUEuropean UnionRenewables supplied 25.2% of gross final energy consumption in 2024, 17.3 points below the 42.5% target for 2030.REPORTED · COUNTRY-EU-ENE-003
- GS-02Global EnergyGlobal energy demand grew 1.3% (8 EJ) in 2025, down from 2% in 2024, and electricity demand grew nearly 3%, more than twice as fast.REPORTED · SECTOR-ENERGY-GLOBAL-ENE-001
04Evidence path
From Foundry evidence to the series.
The evidence, step by step, from the systems this area reads to the series it feeds.
How Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience reaches Reports: what it reads, how it reads it, the sealed cut and the series it feeds.
| Step | What happens | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 01 What it reads | Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience reads NXS-NSF (trust, authorisation and assurance) and NXS-NET (network topology and continuity): governed sources with their releases, never a value without its source. | |
| 02 How it reads them | Cybersecurity and cryptography and Software and safety-critical systems engineering turn the evidence into findings, with assumptions and limits stated beside each value. | |
| 03 The cut is sealed | Each quarter the evidence is sealed in one cut, so OBSERVED, REPORTED and ESTIMATED values stay apart and every edition can be rebuilt. | |
| 04 The series it feeds | The cut feeds Strategic Systems and Scenario and Stress-Test, from the Baseline Edition 2026 into the quarterly series. | |
| 05 Who decides | Decisions stay with the authorities that hold them, under their own rules; an edition informs a decision and never makes it. |
A teaching model of the evidence path, not a forecast and not a record of any run; the systems, methods and series named come from the registries. Sources: Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience in Reports (2026); Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience home (2026).
05Series
The series it feeds, and what backs each.
| Series | Foundry systems it draws on | Academy disciplines | Series home |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strategic Systems | The Global Risks Index (NXS-GRX) concentration and substitutability analysis of strategic supply NXS-NET digital backbone dependencies and continuity plans NXS-NSF the public-safe release decision that keeps sensitive detail out | Critical minerals, mining and extractives Technology security: dual-use, export controls and compute governance Trade, supply chains and geoeconomics | Strategic Systems series home |
| Scenario and Stress-Test | NXS-DSS (decision cases and deliberation) combined scenario sets and the option appraisals run on them NXS-GRX the cascade paths a stress test follows | Scenario analysis and stress testing Uncertainty and decision making Systemic, compound and cascading risk | Scenario and Stress-Test series home |
06Backed by
The systems, methods and teaching behind it.
- NXS-NSFNXS-NSFNXS-NSFRooms: Authority, Assurance.
- NXS-NETNXS-NETNXS-NETRooms: Topology, Continuity.
- NXS-SIG (signal, spectrum, timing and PNT)NXS-SIGNXS-SIGRooms: Spectrum, PNT Integrity.
- NXS-NST (civilian common operating picture)NXS-NSTNXS-NSTRooms: Incidents, FieldOps.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsCybersecurity and cryptographyThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsSoftware and safety-critical systems engineeringThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsCommunications and network technologyThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsNetwork science and contagionThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsReliability and resilience engineeringThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- STEM methodSTEM CommonsQuantum computing, sensing and communicationThe canonical method page, with its limits.
- Academy disciplineRisk AcademyCybersecurity and digital resilienceFaculty of Technology and Digital Systems
- Academy disciplineRisk AcademyQuantum technologiesFaculty of Technology and Digital Systems
- Academy disciplineRisk AcademyInformation integrity and public trustFaculty of Governance, Policy and International Affairs
- FieldGCRICyber and digital resilienceThe field across science, governance and finance.
- FieldGCRICritical infrastructureThe field across science, governance and finance.
07Across the Consortium
Where the same subject is reported elsewhere.
- Counterpart · GRFReportsDisaster and Crisis GovernanceShared: Critical infrastructure.
- Counterpart · GRFReportsAI and Digital GovernanceShared: Cyber and digital resilience.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFintech NexusShared: Cyber and digital resilience.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsDevelopment Finance NexusShared: Critical infrastructure.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsPayments and Market InfrastructureShared: Cyber and digital resilience.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFinancial Cyber and Operational ResilienceShared: Cyber and digital resilience, Critical infrastructure.
- Counterpart · GRAReportsFinancial Crime and Fraud RiskShared: Cyber and digital resilience.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsIdentity, authorisation and zero trustTrust, verification and assurance. Parts NS-11, NS-10, NS-9.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsCyber and digital resilience law alignmentDigital, cyber and AI. Parts NS-10, NS-11, NS-9.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsCyber and digital risk standardsDigital, cyber and AI. Parts NS-0, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-12.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsZero-trust fabricTrust, verification and assurance. Parts NS-11, NS-10, NS-9.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsCritical infrastructure and critical entitiesEnergy and critical infrastructure. Parts NS-0, NS-3, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11.
- Standards areaNexus StandardsCyber resilience and digital operational resilienceDigital, cyber and AI. Parts NS-0, NS-9, NS-10, NS-11, NS-12.
08Topics
Topic pages on Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience.
09Contribute
Contribute on Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience.
Evidence, a case, a correction, a method or profile input on this subject. The composer tags it with this area and its series.
Contribution composer
Write a contribution the editor can act on.
Say what it is, where its record is kept and on which licence. It arrives tagged with this page, its area and its gateway, so it reaches the editor who owns it.
Your email opens with the subject and a template already filled in for GW-GCRI.
- Evidence
- Correction
- Case study
- Analysis or method
- Peer review
- Translation
- Profile input
Never send personal data or sensitive infrastructure detail. A contribution is reviewed before use; sending it confers no authorship or editorial rights.
10Open science
Open science for Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience.
How a contribution on this subject is deposited, identified, credited, licensed and found, and the metadata for it prefilled from this page.
Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience’s open record
- Area
- Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience
- Feeds
- Strategic Systems, Scenario and Stress-Test
- Record
- A UNI for every accepted contribution; cited with its DOI in the edition that uses it
- Links
- isSupplementTo the edition it informs; isNewVersionOf its earlier version
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0) for original material; metadata CC0 1.0
Credit and identity
- ORCID
- Your iD in the deposit and the contribution record; DataCite can then add the work to your ORCID record
- ROR
- Your organisation by its ROR identifier, never by a typed name alone
- CRediT
- Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing, review and editing
- Account
- None needed to contribute; never a password
Find and follow
Search the open indexes for Cybersecurity and Digital Resilience; software is cited by its SWHID from Software Heritage. Annotation is your choice: Hypothesis opens this page in its own viewer.
Mirrors and harvest
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}11Latest
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ReportsContribute
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