GCRI · Climate and Hazards
Source and data register
Where Climate and Hazards gets its data: each source with its licence, lineage, resolution, quality checks and known gaps.
01Workspace
The workspace for source and data register.
GCRI · Climate and Hazards · Evidence registerIllustrative
Evidence register
Climate and hazards · Source and data register · Example interface, not a record
Register currentGCRI · Climate and Hazards
Indicators
unit · cadence · label
| Heat index days above threshold | days / yr | annual | OBSERVED | SP-1536 |
| Extreme rainfall, 1-in-100 depth | mm / 24 h | per study | MODELLED | SP-6615 |
| Fire weather index | index | daily | DERIVED | SP-8900 |
| Peak ground acceleration, 475-yr | g | per study | MODELLED | SP-3984 |
| Sea level rise, mid-century | m | per scenario | MODELLED | SP-2742 |
Source passport
- Source
- Station observations
- Licence
- open · attribution
- Steward
- Hydrological service
- Coverage
- 88 pct of places
- Known limits
- sparse in uplands
Coverage by place
Climate and Hazards · Evidence register. Evidence register: example names and illustrative values, not a record.
02What is recorded
Each source carries five facts.
01
Origin
Who produces the data and how.
02
Access terms
Licence, restrictions and permitted uses.
03
Quality
Coverage, resolution, update frequency and known errors.
04
Provenance
How the data reached the platform and what was changed.
05
Gaps
What is missing and how the gap is handled.
03Register
Every source the topic dossiers cite, with its terms.
| Source | What it gives | Terms | Used in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Earth surface temperature | Gridded land and ocean temperature series | Open, CC BY-NC 4.0 | Climate baselines |
| CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara) | Blended satellite and station rainfall for the tropics and subtropics | Open, licence to check | Climate baselines |
| CMIP6 archive via the Earth System Grid Federation | Global climate model output for standard experiments | Open, CC BY 4.0 for most models (to check per model) | Climate projections |
| Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service global fire assimilation system | Fire emissions and smoke forecasts | Free, Copernicus terms | Wildfire and land |
| Copernicus Climate Data Store projections | Global and regional projections with documentation | Free and open with attribution, Copernicus licence (to check current terms) | Climate projections |
| Copernicus Emergency Management Service early warning systems | European and global flood, drought and fire forecasts | Free, Copernicus terms | Climate services and warnings |
| Copernicus Emergency Management Service rapid mapping | Satellite-based flood extent maps for activated events | Free, Copernicus terms | Flood and storm |
| Copernicus European and Global Drought Observatories (JRC) | Drought indicators including precipitation, soil moisture and vegetation | Free, Copernicus and JRC terms | Heat and drought |
| Copernicus fire danger indices historical data | Reanalysis of fire weather indices | Free and open with attribution, Copernicus licence (to check current terms) | Wildfire and land |
| Copernicus Sentinel-1 radar data | Inputs for ground deformation and landslide monitoring | Free and open, Copernicus terms | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| CORDEX regional climate downscaling | Regional model ensembles for defined domains | Open, terms per domain and model (to check) | Climate projections |
| Early Warnings for All initiative reports | Progress on the four pillars of early warning | Public, terms per publishing agency | Climate services and warnings |
| EM-DAT international disaster database (CRED, UCLouvain) | Events recorded with associated hazards | Free for non-commercial use with registration | Compound hazards |
| ERA5 reanalysis | Consistent multi-variable fields for joint analysis | Free and open with attribution, Copernicus licence (to check current terms) | Compound hazards |
| ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service, ECMWF) | Hourly global atmospheric, land and ocean fields from the mid-twentieth century | Free and open with attribution, Copernicus licence (to check current terms) | Climate baselines |
| ERA5-Land (Copernicus Climate Change Service) | Land surface temperature, soil moisture and evaporation fields | Free and open with attribution, Copernicus licence (to check current terms) | Heat and drought |
| European Forest Fire Information System and Global Wildfire Information System (Copernicus, JRC) | Fire danger forecasts and burned area mapping | Free, Copernicus and JRC terms | Wildfire and land |
| GEOGLAM Crop Monitor | Monthly crop conditions in major producing and at-risk countries | Public, GEOGLAM terms | Compound hazards |
| GESLA global sea-level archive | High-frequency tide gauge records | Free with citation, licence per contributor (to check) | Flood and storm |
| Global Drought Information System (NOAA and partners) | Drought monitors and outlooks | Public, terms per source | Heat and drought |
| Global Earthquake Model (GEM) global hazard and risk maps | Probabilistic seismic hazard and risk mosaics | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 for the public maps (to check) | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS, Copernicus Emergency Management Service) | Global river discharge forecasts and reanalysis | Free, Copernicus terms | Flood and storm |
| Global Runoff Data Centre | Historical river discharge from national services | Free for non-commercial use, GRDC terms (to check) | Flood and storm |
| Global Runoff Data Centre (WMO, BfG) | River discharge records from national services | Free for non-commercial use, GRDC terms (to check) | Heat and drought |
| GPCC precipitation (Deutscher Wetterdienst) | Gridded gauge-based precipitation over land | Free with attribution, DWD terms (to check) | Climate baselines |
| HadCRUT5 (Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia) | Global gridded surface temperature anomalies with uncertainty ensemble | Open Government Licence | Climate baselines |
| International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS, NOAA) | Tropical cyclone tracks and intensities from all agencies | Public domain, US government data | Flood and storm |
| International Seismological Centre Bulletin | Reviewed global earthquake parameters | Free with citation, ISC terms (to check) | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| IPCC AR6 Working Group I, chapter on weather and climate extremes | Assessment of compound events and their changes | Public, IPCC terms of use | Compound hazards |
| IPCC WGI Interactive Atlas | Regional projections and observations by warming level and scenario | Public, CC BY 4.0 | Climate projections |
| JRC global river flood hazard maps | Modelled flood extent and depth by return period | Open, licence to check | Flood and storm |
| MODIS burned area product (MCD64A1) | Global monthly burned area | Open, NASA data policy | Wildfire and land |
| NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) | Near-real-time active fire detections from MODIS and VIIRS | Open, NASA data policy | Wildfire and land |
| NASA Global Landslide Catalog | Rainfall-triggered landslide events | Open, NASA data policy | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| NASA MODIS and VIIRS vegetation products | Vegetation indices and land surface temperature | Open, NASA data policy | Heat and drought |
| NASA NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 | Statistically downscaled daily projections | Open, NASA data policy | Climate projections |
| National fire incident databases | Ignition causes, perimeters and suppression records | Licence per agency | Wildfire and land |
| NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network daily (GHCN-Daily) | Daily station temperature and precipitation worldwide | Public domain, US government data | Climate baselines |
| NOAA NCEI Global Historical Tsunami Database | Tsunami events and run-up observations | Public domain, US government data | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| Sendai Framework Monitor, target G | National reporting on early warning coverage and risk information | Public, UN terms of use | Climate services and warnings |
| Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program | Volcano and eruption records | Free with citation, terms to check | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| SPEIbase (CSIC) | Global gridded SPEI at multiple time scales | Open, licence to check | Heat and drought |
| UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profiles | Hazard definitions with notes on linked and cascading hazards | Public, UNDRR and ISC terms of use | Compound hazards |
| USGS ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat) | Global earthquake locations, magnitudes and ShakeMaps | Public domain, US government data | Earthquakes and geohazards |
| WMO Register of Alerting Authorities | Alerting authorities and their CAP feeds | Public, WMO terms | Climate services and warnings |
| WMO State of Climate Services reports | Status of climate services capacity by country and sector | Public, WMO terms of use | Climate services and warnings |
04Known gaps
Where the hazard data record is thin.
- Station records in Africa, mountains and oceans.
- Subdaily rainfall records for convective extremes.
- Long homogeneous wildfire records.
- Paleoseismic data for long-recurrence faults.
05Status
How the register grows.
Sources are added to the register as they are reviewed. A source is listed only once its terms permit the use described.
06Sources
Where this page’s references lead.
The bodies and documents this page is read against. Status and editions change; each link goes to the issuing body.
07Questions
Questions and answers.
Can I suggest a data source?
Yes. Write to the contact form with the source, its owner and its terms.
ReportsContribute
Contribute evidence from this page.
Reports is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.
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