Draft, not yet released. In stewardship review. Not indexed until the first approved release.

Data appendix

The indicator set with its sources, the source registers, the licences of every kind of material and the formats of the edition.

12 min read0 figures7 tables32 notesNR-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE

Contents
  1. ·Edition home
  2. ·Executive summary
  3. 1Eurasia’s risk travels through shared seas, pipelines and dry years
  4. 2Key findings
  5. 3Systems and sectors at baseline
  6. 4Risks and capability
  7. 5Dry year across Anatolia and the Black Sea basin
  8. 6Readings from the other desks
  9. 7The 2027 agenda
  10. 8Systems in depth
  11. AMethodology
  12. BData appendix
    1. B.1 The indicator set
    2. B.2 Regional source register
    3. B.3 Regional reading: Eurasia by member country
    4. B.4 Atlas card: Black Sea basin
    5. B.5 Eurasia system card
    6. B.6 Licences
    7. B.7 Formats and provenance
  13. CReferences and record
  14. ·Complete edition, for print

B.1The indicator set

Table B.1Baseline indicator set
IndicatorValueUnitYearStateSource
Türkiye population85.9million2025Reported1
Russian Federation population143.5million2025Reported1
Türkiye GDP1,597US$ bn2025Reported3
Russian Federation GDP2,561US$ bn2025Reported3
Türkiye emissions excluding land use579.5Mt CO₂e2024Reported5
Russian Federation emissions excluding land use2,575.7Mt CO₂e2024Reported5
Russia’s share of combined emissions81.6%2024Estimated5
Türkiye fossil share of electricity56.7%2025Reported6
Russian Federation fossil share of electricity64.3%2025Reported6
Türkiye net energy imports, share of use70.1%2024Reported7
Russian pipeline gas to Türkiye, January to June11billion m³2025Reported29
Türkiye water-year rainfall against 1991–2020−26.3%2025Reported25
Istanbul reservoirs, share of capacity20.29%21 Nov 2025Reported26
Türkiye cereal production39.0Mt2024Reported10
Russian Federation cereal production120.4Mt2024Reported10
Direct damage of the 2023 earthquakes34.2US$ bn2023Reported30
Heat-linked deathsNot bounddeathsn/aNOT BOUND20
Cereal production 2025Not boundtonnesn/aNOT BOUND38
Russia’s share of Turkish gas importsNot bound%n/aNOT BOUND29
Russian burnt area 2025Not boundhectaresn/aNOT BOUND36
Indicators, CSVIndicators, JSON

B.2Regional source register

The governed source set behind this edition. Each source keeps its authority, coverage, cadence and role; categories describe origin, not truth.

Domains bound by the register

  • WAT
  • ENE
  • FOO
  • HLT
  • BIO
  • CLI
  • INF
  • FIN
  • TRD
  • MIN
Table B.3Regional source register
SourceCategoryCoveragePeriodCadenceRole
Population122833international series and national estimatesboth members2025annualprofile
Economy34international seriesboth members2025annualprofile
Greenhouse gases53440international series and inventoriesboth members2022–2024annualCLI
Electricity and energy6729international series and regulator databoth members2024–2025annualENE
European State of the Climate14 to20agency assessmentregion2025annualCLI, WAT
Water82526international series and news reports of agency databoth members2022–2025annualWAT
Food and land91038international seriesboth members2024annualFOO, BIO
Health1112international seriesboth members2023–2024annualHLT
Policy pages2324independent trackerboth members2025periodicCLI
Earthquake damage30World Bank assessmentTürkiye2023one-offINF

B.3Regional reading: Eurasia by member country

Map plates for every member country follow in Q2 2027, when boundary sources and public-safe resolutions are bound. This page gives the regional reading in table form for the 2 member countries named in the series registry.

Population and emissions15

85.9million

Türkiye

143.5million

Russian Federation

579.5Mt CO₂e

Türkiye emissions

2,575.7Mt CO₂e

Russian emissions

Table B.4Regional reading: Eurasia by member country
MemberPrincipal hazardsSystems most exposedBaseline evidence
Türkiyedrought in 20251525; heat of 50.5 °C19; earthquakes in 202330water, energy, infrastructurepopulation 85.9 million; emissions 579.5 Mt; fossil 56.7% of electricity156
Russian Federationwarm anomalies up to 2.5 °C in the west14; cereal output down in 202410; national edition in preparation51energy, food, climatepopulation 143.5 million; emissions 2,575.7 Mt; fossil 64.3% of electricity156

B.4Atlas card: Black Sea basin

  • sea basin
  • shared coast and straits
  • pipelines and trade
  • members: Türkiye, Russian Federation
Systems in view
water, energy, food and freight
Defining instruments
Bucharest Convention42; Montreux Convention43; the water convention lists Russia and not Türkiye31
Couplings
CLI → FOO → TRD; TRD → ENE → FIN
Capability evidence
an international sea convention exists42; performance not bound
Gaps
water quality, fish stocks, Straits traffic, grain trade flows
Agenda items
A-03 · A-07

Both members have a Black Sea coast. The convention texts were not opened and water-quality series are not bound [42].

WATER

A shared sea

Passage is governed by a 1936 convention, listed from memory [43]. Source: Turkish maritime administration. Blocker: no traffic series retrieved.

TRADE

The Turkish Straits

Pipeline gas from Russia to Türkiye was about 11 billion m³ in January to June 2025, up 28% on the year [29].

ENERGY

Two gas pipelines

B.5Eurasia system card

The card through which Eurasia appears in the global edition and in the sector series. It summarises; it does not rank.

Table B.5Eurasia system card
SystemBaseline stateCoupling to watchCoverage
Waterrainfall 26.3% below average in Türkiye in 202525; Istanbul reservoirs 20.29% in November26low rainfall into energy and farmingPARTIAL
Energyfossil 56.7% (Türkiye) and 64.3% (Russia) of electricity in 20256import dependence and the gas link729PARTIAL
Foodcereal output 39.0 and 120.4 Mt in 202410drought and heatTHIN
HealthPM2.5 26.4 and 11.6 µg/m³ in 202311heat load on servicesTHIN
Biodiversityforest 29.5% and 50.8% of land in 20249condition not boundTHIN

Context

Archetype
two unequal members meeting across a sea and two pipelines
Population
85.9 million in Türkiye and 143.5 million in the Russian Federation, 20251
Trade
pipeline gas to Türkiye about 11 billion m³ in January to June 202529
Hazard
earthquake damage of US$34.2 billion in 202330; drought in 202515

The member editions (Türkiye, Russian Federation) and this regional edition share finding identifiers where they read the same evidence, so a correction travels to every edition at once.

MEMBER EDITIONS

Same findings, same IDs

Eurasia evidence enters the water, energy, food, finance and climate sector reports through the same finding identifiers.

GLOBAL SECTOR SERIES

Regional evidence, sector reports

In the global edition Eurasia is read against peer distributions and thresholds, never placed in a league table.

GLOBAL FLAGSHIP

Peers, not ranks

B.6Licences

Table B.6Licences of each kind of material
MaterialLicence
TextCC BY 4.0
Dataon the licence of each source; Nexus tables CC BY 4.0
FiguresNexus figures CC BY 4.0; third-party as credited
Mapsboundary source and licence printed on each plate
MetadataCC0 1.0, as Zenodo publishes it
Third-party data, figures and textThe source’s own licence, credited where it is used; never relicensed
Nexus-authored text, tables and figures: CC BY 4.0 (SPDX CC-BY-4.0). Map plates print their boundary source and licence.

B.7Formats and provenance

Table B.7This edition in every format
FormatKindStateWhat it isIdentifier
Web editionHTMLOn this siteDraft in stewardship review; every value resolves to its source.NR-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0
Print editionPDFAt releaseA4 portrait · screen, print and archival PDF, signed with the web edition at release.NR-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE-v1.0.0
Indicator dataCSV · JSONOn this site20 indicators with unit, year, status and source; the machine-readable copy ships with the evidence bundle at release.NR-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE data release v1
FiguresSVG · PNGOn this site4 on the web edition: headline figure, figure 1.3, coupling instrument, capability ladder.FIG-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE-*
SlidesPDFNot recordedNo slide deck is recorded for this edition.
Evidence briefHTML · PDFNot recordedNo evidence brief is recorded for this edition.
Dataset with DOIDataCiteAt releaseConcept and version DOI are minted at deposit; none is recorded yet.

Provenance

Edition pack
The edition’s content pack (JSON), from which the print and web editions are built
Evidence cut
NQ-REG-EUA-2026-Q0-1, closed 30 September 2026
Reproducibility
sourced values cited; analytical values reproducible from stated parameters
Self-check
14 of 23 at evidence close; a fail on any item blocks release
Review
five passes scheduled before release (in Annex C)
Publisher of record
The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI) for the Nexus Consortium
Corrections
Registry correction pathway; upheld corrections are published as notices with a new version

Notes

Numbers are the edition’s reference numbers, so a note reads the same in every chapter. The full list, with every source and its licence, is in Annex C. Annex C, references

  1. 1DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, SP.POP.TOTL, Population, total (Türkiye and Russian Federation), data API, update of 8 October 2026. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  2. 3World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, GDP (current US$) and GDP per capita (current US$) (Türkiye and Russian Federation), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  3. 5World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, total greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide and methane emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e, AR5 basis; EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5, EN.GHG.CH4.MT.CE.AR5), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  4. 6Ember (ed.), Yearly electricity data, generation by source, capacity and emissions intensity (Türkiye and Russia), release file of generation outputs. Ember, London. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  5. 7World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, net energy imports as a share of energy use (EG.IMP.CONS.ZS) and energy use per capita (EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  6. 29TASS (ed.), Russia increases pipeline gas supplies to Turkey by 28% in 1H 2025 (news report compiled from Turkish energy regulator data, 28 August 2025). TASS, Moscow. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  7. 25Daily Sabah (ed.), Rainfall in Türkiye falls to lowest level in decades in 2025 (news report of 29 December 2025 with data compiled by Anadolu Agency from the General Directorate of Meteorology, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü). Daily Sabah, Istanbul. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  8. 26Daily Sabah (ed.), Istanbul dam levels drop below 20% amid worsening drought (news report on figures of the Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration, 21 November 2025). Daily Sabah, Istanbul. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  9. 10World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, cereal production (metric tons) and cereal yield (AG.PRD.CREL.MT, AG.YLD.CREL.KG), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  10. 30World Bank (ed.), Earthquake damage in Türkiye estimated to exceed $34 billion: World Bank disaster assessment report (press release of 27 February 2023 on the Global Rapid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation report). World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  11. 20Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, section Thermal stress. C3S/ECMWF, Reading, 2026. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  12. 38UNVERIFIED, not opened: Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Rosstat) (ed.), grain and legume harvest 2025 (preliminary and revised totals reported by several outlets, 139.4 to 144.6 million tonnes, which disagree; taken from search-result summaries). Rosstat, Moscow. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  13. 36UNVERIFIED, not opened: Moscow Times (ed.), Russia sees milder wildfire season so far in 2025 but experts warn against complacency (official January to August burnt area of 4.5 million hectares taken from a search-result summary). Moscow Times. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  14. 2World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, population ages 0-14 and 65 and above, and urban population, as a share of the total (Türkiye and Russian Federation), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  15. 28TASS (ed.), Russian population stands at 146 mln as of January 1, 2025 (news report of the preliminary estimate of the Federal State Statistics Service, Rosstat, 31 January 2025). TASS, Moscow. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  16. 33UNVERIFIED, not opened: Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat, TÜİK) (ed.), Address Based Population Registration System Results 2025 (bulletin of 9 February 2026; the page returned an error and the figure 86,092,168 was taken from a search-result summary). TurkStat, Ankara. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  17. 4DATA VINTAGE AFTER CLOSE: International Monetary Fund (ed.), World Economic Outlook DataMapper, real GDP growth, consumer price inflation, general government gross debt, current account balance and unemployment (Türkiye and Russian Federation), data API, values as served on 2026-11-03; years after 2025 are IMF projections. IMF, Washington DC. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  18. 34UNVERIFIED, not opened: Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat, TÜİK) (ed.), Greenhouse Gas Emission Statistics 1990-2022 (558.3 Mt CO2e for 2022 taken from a search-result summary; the 1990-2024 bulletin returned no content). TurkStat, Ankara. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  19. 40UNVERIFIED, not opened: Russian Federation (ed.), National Inventory Report 2025 submission to the UNFCCC (land-use sink values as relayed by the Climate Action Tracker; the report itself was not read). UNFCCC secretariat, Bonn. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  20. 14Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, section Temperature. C3S/ECMWF, Reading, 2026. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  21. 8World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, renewable internal freshwater resources per capita, annual freshwater withdrawals as a share of internal resources, and withdrawals by agriculture, data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2022. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  22. 9World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, forest area, agricultural land, and terrestrial protected areas as a share of land area, data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  23. 11World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3), data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2023. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  24. 12World Bank (ed.), World Development Indicators, life expectancy at birth, under-5 mortality rate and current health expenditure as a share of GDP, data API. World Bank, Washington DC. Observation year 2024. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  25. 23Climate Action Tracker (ed.), Russian Federation (country assessment page: 2035 target, net zero target, land-use sink and renewable target). Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  26. 24Climate Action Tracker (ed.), Türkiye (country assessment page: net zero target, emissions trading system, electricity and renewable targets). Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  27. 15Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, section Precipitation. C3S/ECMWF, Reading, 2026. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  28. 19Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and World Meteorological Organization (eds.), European State of the Climate 2025, Key events overview. C3S/ECMWF, Reading, 2026. Observation year 2025. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  29. 51UNVERIFIED, not opened: S. Valadbaygi (ed.), Baseline Editions 2026 for Türkiye and the Russian Federation (national editions in preparation; no pack exists in the registry). GCRI for the Nexus Consortium, Toronto, 2026. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  30. 42UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (Bucharest, 1992), taken from memory; the Commission web address returned unrelated content and was not used. Black Sea Commission. Observation year 1992. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  31. 43UNVERIFIED, not opened: Convention regarding the Regime of the Straits (Montreux, 1936), taken from memory. League of Nations Treaty Series. Observation year 1936. Accessed 2026-11-03.back
  32. 31POST-CLOSE, context only: United Nations Treaty Collection (ed.), Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes, Helsinki, 17 March 1992 (status of ratification as at 3 November 2026). United Nations, New York. Observation year 2026. Accessed 2026-11-03.back

Cite this annex

Valadbaygi, S. (Ed.). (2026). Annex B: Data appendix. In Eurasia Regional Systems Risk and Resilience Report 2026: Baseline Edition, The State of Eurasia’s Interdependent Systems. (Baseline Edition 2026, Report No. NR-REGIONAL-EUA-2026-BASELINE) [Draft under review]. The Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI).

Every citation form of the whole report, BibTeX and RIS included, is on the edition home. Cite this report

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