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GCRI · Quantentechnologien

Verantwortungsvolle Quanteninnovation

Quantum technologies raise questions of security, equity, dual use and honesty about what they can do. Export controls restrict trade in some quantum items, a few countries and firms hold most capability, and inflated claims can misdirect public money. This page sets out the governance questions quantum innovation raises, how they are being addressed, and what evidence serves the governments, funders and researchers shaping it.

01Arbeitsfläche

Wie die Arbeit abläuft.

System · rund um dieses ThemaBeispielhaft

Tracker der Post-Quanten-Migration

Responsible quantum innovation · Crypto inventory · Wave 4

Langlebige Daten gefährdetGCRI · Quantentechnologien

Migration

  1. Bestandalle Kryptografie
  2. PriorisierenDatenlebensdauer
  3. AuswählenStandardalgorithmen
  4. Hybrider Einsatzklassisch und PQC
  5. TestenInteroperabilität
  6. Umschaltenaußer Betrieb nehmen

Systeme nach Priorität

ArchivsignierungRSA-204818ML-DSA hybridPilotierung
VPN-GatewayECDH10ML-KEM hybridGeplant
Zahlungs-HSMRSA-30729Anbieter-RoadmapBlockiert
Web-TLSECDHE2Hybrider SchlüsselaustauschErledigt

Fortschritt

Inventarisiert, %72 of 100 requiredHybrid eingesetzt, %23 of 50 requiredAußer Betrieb, %13 of 25 required
Post-quantum migration tracker: the screen’s structure, terms and states for Responsible quantum innovation.Beispielnamen und beispielhafte Werte; ein Entwurf, kein Eintrag und kein Live-System.

Abb.Post-quantum migration tracker: example names and illustrative values, not a record or a live system.

02Die Frage

Responsible quantum innovation: how the risk develops.

Dual-use, equity and uncertainty. The dossier below sets out how the risk develops, what is measured, where the data come from, how it is modelled and who decides.

Mechanismus

Dual use is built in

Quantum computing threatens current cryptography and quantum sensing has military uses, so the same research serves civilian and security ends.

Mechanismus

Export controls restrict diffusion

Several countries control exports of specified quantum computers, components and software, affecting collaboration and markets.

Mechanismus

Capability is concentrated

Most investment, patents and expertise sit in a few countries and firms, raising concerns about an emerging quantum divide.

Mechanismus

Hype misleads decisions

Overstated claims of near-term advantage can distort funding, procurement and security planning. Claims discipline is part of responsible innovation.

03Methoden und Evidenz

How responsible quantum innovation is modelled, measured and tested.

Das Modell, seine Annahmen, seine Daten und seine Unsicherheit in der Form, in der eine Wissenschaftlerin oder ein Ingenieur sie prüfen würde. Die Strukturen folgen veröffentlichten Methoden. Die dargestellten Werte sind illustrativ, keine Befunde.

Systemmodell

The couplings between the systems in responsible quantum innovation: signs of influence, a reinforcing and a balancing loop, and cross-links where stress jumps.

++−+QuantenCyberGemeinschaftenWirtschaftR verstärkendB ausgleichend
Causal loop diagram from the page’s systems; signs show the direction of influence. Illustrative structure for a system dynamics or network model, not estimated couplings.
FAIR-Leitprinzipien · GO FAIR und FORCE11W3C PROV · World Wide Web ConsortiumHinweise zur einheitlichen Behandlung von Unsicherheiten · IPCCCEOS Analysis Ready Data · Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
04Domänenübergreifend

Responsible quantum innovation anticipates effects across domains.

05Indikatoren

Was gemessen wird und wie gut.

Jeder Indikator trägt seine Einheit, seinen Rhythmus, die Art der zugrunde liegenden Quelle und die Evidenzkennzeichnung, die ein Wert tragen würde. Es werden keine Werte gezeigt: Ein Programm liefert sie unter seiner eigenen Autorität.

IndikatorEinheitTaktQuellentypKennzeichnung
Countries with national quantum strategiesAnzahljährlichGovernment strategy documentsVeröffentlichte Statistiken
Export control measures on quantum itemsAnzahlje ÄnderungGovernment noticesVeröffentlichte Statistiken
Share of quantum patents by countrypercentjährlichPatent databasesBEOBACHTET
International research collaborations in quantumcount of co-authored papers by country pairjährlichBibliometric dataBEOBACHTET
Responsible innovation frameworks adoptedAnzahlje BewertungProgramme documentationDEKLARIERT
Public engagement activities on quantumAnzahljährlichProgramme reportsBERICHTET
06Quellen

Woher die Evidenz stammt.

Benannte öffentliche Datensätze und institutionelle Aufzeichnungen, jeweils mit ihrer Lizenzklasse. Quellen auf Vereinbarungsbasis werden nur zu ihren Bedingungen genutzt und niemals weiterveröffentlicht.

QuelleWas es liefertLizenzklasse
Government export control lists and noticesControls on quantum itemsPublic records, licence per government
OECD and UNESCO work on quantum and societyPolicy and ethics perspectivesPublic, terms per organisation
NIST post-quantum cryptography standards (FIPS 203, 204 and 205)Approved algorithms for migrating cryptography before quantum attacksUS government work, public domain
Bibliometric databases such as OpenAlexCollaboration and publication patternsOffen, CC0
Patent databasesGeographic distribution of patentingFree access, terms per office
07Entscheidungen

Wer entscheidet und wozu die Evidenz dient.

Quantum Technologies prepares evidence. The decisions below are taken by the authorities named, under their own rules, and never by the platform.

Wer entscheidetDie FrageEvidenz, der diese Seite dient
RegierungenHow to balance security controls with open science and collaborationGovernance reviews; export control evidence
ForschungsfördererHow to assess quantum claims and fund responsiblyClaims assessment guides
International organisationsHow to support access for countries with little capabilityConcentration analyses

Ergebnisse, die dieses Thema hervorbringt

  • Governance landscape reviews for quantum
  • Analyses of capability concentration
  • Claims assessment guides for funders and buyers
  • Evidence notes on export control effects on research
08Kernfragen

Was Fachleute fragen.

Responsible innovation questions are asked before capabilities arrive.

  • Which quantum capabilities have military or surveillance uses, and how should research and trade be governed?
  • Who will have access to quantum technology and its benefits, and who could be left exposed?
  • How should uncertain timelines be communicated without hype or complacency?
  • How can countries without quantum industries protect their Systeme during the cryptographic transition?
  • What environmental and resource costs do quantum systems carry?
09Mechanismen

Mechanismen und Treiber.

Dual use is intrinsic: the same computers, sensors and communication Systeme serve civilian and security purposes, and the cryptographic threat has obvious intelligence value. Governments respond with export controls and research security measures, which can also slow open science and international collaboration.

Equity risks arise because capability is concentrated. Countries and organisations with fewer resources may be last to migrate their cryptography and least able to benefit from applications. Hype is itself a risk: inflated expectations misdirect resources and erode trust when they are not met, while dismissiveness can delay necessary security work. Responsible practice therefore pairs every claim with its evidence base and its uncertainty, and invites independent specialists to test it.

10Methoden und Daten

Wie es untersucht wird und wo die Methoden enden.

Methode oder DatenWas es zeigtGrenzen
Technology assessment and foresightPlausible developments and their implicationsForesight is not prediction
Ethical, legal and social analysisRights, fairness and accountability questionsNormative judgements differ across societies
Stakeholder and public engagementConcerns and values of those affectedEngagement can be shallow or unrepresentative
Life-cycle assessmentEnergy and material footprintData on emerging Systeme is limited
11Methoden

Wie es untersucht wird und was die Methoden nicht sagen können.

12Where this page’s references

Where this page’s references lead.

Die Gremien und Dokumente, vor deren Hintergrund diese Seite gelesen wird. Status und Ausgaben ändern sich; jeder Link führt zur herausgebenden Stelle.

13Fragen

Fragen und Antworten.

Why is quantum technology dual use?
Because the same advances that enable useful computing and sensing could break current cryptography or support military applications.
What is the quantum divide?
Concern that a few countries and firms will hold most quantum capability and benefits, widening gaps with others.
How can quantum claims be assessed?
By checking whether results are peer-reviewed, compared with the best classical methods, reproduced independently and stated with their limits.
Why is hype a risk?
Because overstated claims redirect funding and policy and damage trust when they fail. Clear separation of demonstrated results from expectation is part of responsible innovation.
Should quantum research be restricted?
That is for governments and institutions to decide. The platform publishes evidence on the trade-offs between security, openness and collaboration.
How can less-resourced countries prepare?
Mainly through the cryptographic transition: inventory, migration planning and adoption of standardised post-quantum algorithms, which do not require quantum hardware.
BerichteBeitragen

Evidenz von dieser Seite aus beitragen.

Berichte is the Consortium’s quarterly publication. What you know about this subject can become evidence, a case or a correction in the next edition, credited to you and published under CC BY 4.0 where it is your own work.

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